Extractions: Alan Turing Alan Mathison Turing was born on 23 June 1912, in a nursing home in Paddington, London. His father Julius was employed in the Indian Civil Service. His father's brother, H. D. Turing, was, at the time, a well known expert on fly fishing. Alan spends his first thirteen years in India suffering through a series of intellectually discouraging English foster homes. Upon returning to England in 1926, he is entered into the Sherborne School. Meets Christopher Morcom in 1928, who was to become one of the key figures in his life. Turing is extremely attracted to Morcom. They form an intellectual companionship, which is highly stimulating to Turing. Morcom dies suddenly in 1930, devastating Turing. Turing then becomes obsessed with the problem of how the human mind is embodied in matter; of how the mind might be preserved after the death. Towards this end, he begins to study quantum mechanics. In 1931, Turing enters King's College in
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Extractions: Alan Turing British mathematician who invented a conceptual machine with his name (Turing machine), which is quite useful for characterizing the essence of computation. Computability by means of a Turing machine can be clearly defined, and it can replace our informal and intuitive notion of computation (Church-Turing Thesis); but as it turns out, it has a definite limitation. "Can there be a Turing machine which can decide, for any pair of a Turing machine and its input tape, whether it will stop after a finite amount of time?" (Halting Problem) Turing proved that there cannot be any such machine (thus the halting problem is one of the "undecidable problems"). This has a close relationship with Goedel's Incompleteness Theorem. Turing worked, during the war, for manufacturing an actual computing machine: the Colossus for deciphering the German cryptography produced by the machine "Enigma". And after the war, Turing published an influential paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" ( Mind , 1950) in which he proposed the "Turing Test" for judging whether or not something is "intelligent". This paper soon became a "classic" both in the field of artificial intelligence and philosophy of mind.
LookSmart - Directory - Alan Turing Scientists turing, alan. alan turing Find tributes, biographies, and essays by and about the influential mathematician and computer pioneer. http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317914/us581459/us588556/us525128/
Glbtq >> Social Sciences >> Turing, Alan One of the greatest scientists of his generation, computer pioneer alan turing was also a victim of cold war homophobia. http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/turing_a.html
Extractions: page: It would be difficult to overestimate the importance to the modern world of the mathematical, philosophical, and cryptographic work of Alan Mathison Turing. A gifted mathematician, Turing is remembered today as one of the founders of computer science. The gay and lesbian community remembers Turing not only for his work on computers and the cracking of the Enigma machine code during World War II, but also because of his needless, horrific death. He committed suicide at the age of 41, two years after his arrest, conviction, and forced chemical castration for a homosexual encounter. Though he died at an early age, a victim of British homophobia , he had already created whole new ways of thinking about computers, biology, minds, and humanity. Sponsor Message.
Glbtq >> Social Sciences >> Turing, Alan One of the greatest scientists of his generation, computer pioneer alan turing was also a victim of cold war homophobia. turing, alan Mathison. http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/turing_a,2.html
Extractions: page: In Turing's test, the woman is then replaced by a computer. If the computer can convince the interrogator that it is a woman at the same rate as the real woman did, then the computer can be said to think. Researchers have argued about the importance of gender to Turing's thought experiment, and the relationship of his homosexuality to how he framed the question. What is striking, though, is that Turing replaced the metaphysical question of "Can machines think?" with a practical problem of whether or not a human might distinguish a computer from another human in a conversation. Disaster After pioneering in further work in computer and software design and in artificial intelligence, and after being honored for his war work with an OBE (Officer of the British Empire) in 1946 and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1951 at an unusually young age, in 1952 Turing's life took an abrupt turn for the worse. Sponsor Message.
Turing, Alan In UK Directory: Library: Scientists turing, alan Read biographies of the mathematician who helped crack Nazi code and learn about his work. Web Search turing, alan. http://www.ukdirectory.co.uk/Dir/?Category=705569,44539,674921,10035542
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Dictionary Of Philosophy Of Mind - Turing, Alan turing, alan (b. 1912, London, UK, d. 1953, Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK. Ph.D. mathematics, Princeton, 1938). turing was a major influence http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~philos/MindDict/turing.html
Extractions: Turing, Alan (b. 1912, London, UK, d. 1953, Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK. Ph.D. mathematics, Princeton, 1938). Turing was a major influence on the development of computational theory. The term Turing machine was introduced by Alonzo Church in his 1937 review of Turing's paper in the Journal of Symbolic Logic. Turing proposed the test of thinking in machines that bears his name in a 1950 article in the journal Mind (59, 433-60). See Turing machine Turing test Tadeusz Zawidzki References Zusne, Leonard (1987). Eponyms in psychology . Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. bookstore Last updated: May 11, 2004
Turing, Alan Mathison encyclopediaEncyclopedia turing, alan Mathison. turing, alan Mathison, 191254, British mathematician and computer theorist. While studying at Cambridge Univ. http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0849730.hmtl
Extractions: Turing, Alan Mathison Turing, Alan Mathison, , British mathematician and computer theorist. While studying at Cambridge Univ. he began work in predicate logic that lead to a proof (1937) that some mathematical problems are not susceptible to solution by automated computation; in arriving at this, he postulated a universal machine, now called a Turing machine artificial intelligence ; among his contributions was the Turing test , a procedure to test whether a computer is capable of humanlike thought. He committed suicide shortly after being arrested for a homosexual offense. See biography by A. Hodge (1983). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia,
Turing, Alan Mathison turing, alan Mathison. English mathematician and logician. In 1936 he described a universal computing machine that could theoretically http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0008928.html
Extractions: Or search the encyclopaedia: Turing, Alan Mathison English mathematician and logician. In 1936 he described a universal computing machine that could theoretically be programmed to solve any problem capable of solution by a specially designed machine. This concept, now called the Turing machine, foreshadowed the digital computer. Turing is believed to have been the first to suggest (in 1950) the possibility of machine learning and artificial intelligence. His test for distinguishing between real (human) and simulated (computer) thought is known as the Turing test
Extractions: Frames not supported Index A B C D ... Z Computers English mathematician and logician. In 1936 he described a 'universal computing machine' that could theoretically be programmed to solve any problem capable of solution by a specially designed machine. This concept, now called the Turing machine , foreshadowed the digital computer. Turing is believed to have been the first to suggest (in 1950) the possibility of machine learning and artificial intelligence. His test for distinguishing between real (human) and simulated (computer) thought is known as the Turing test : with a person in one room and the machine in another, an interrogator in a third room asks questions of both to try to identify them. When the interrogator cannot distinguish between them by questioning, the machine will have reached a state of humanlike intelligence. Turing was born in London and studied at Cambridge. During World War II he worked on the Ultra project in the team that cracked the German Enigma cipher code. After the war he worked briefly on the project to design the general computer known as the Automatic Computing Engine, or ACE, and was involved in the pioneering computer developed at Manchester University from 1948.
Espionage - Cryptologist - Turing, Alan alan turing. British Cryptologist During World War II (1912 1954). Born in London to a civil servant, alan turing graduated from Cambridge in 1934. http://www.angelfire.com/dc/1spy/Turing.html
Extractions: Born in London to a civil servant, Alan Turing graduated from Cambridge in 1934. A mathematical genius, Turing was fascinated by computers and wrote reports on their capabilities as early as 1936. In World War II, Turing worked at the Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park, fifty miles north of London. Three in the Ultra Department Turing Gordon Welchman and their gifted superior Dillwyn Knox studied a captured Enigma machine used by the Germans to encrypt their unbreakable codes. They built a duplicate machine that allowed them to crack the German codes and were thus able to supply the Allies with decoded messages passing between members of the German high command, an incredible intellectual achievement that helped to bring the war to a speedier end. When German cryptographers constructed a machine even more sophisticated and advanced than Enigma Knox Turing Welchman and others were able to duplicate it and then respond with their own creation
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Science, Math, Logic And Foundations, History, People: Turing, Alan Mathison Though alan turing lived and was scientifically productive almost entirely in the first half of the 20th century, his concepts were far ahead of their time. http://www.combose.com/Science/Math/Logic_and_Foundations/History/People/Turing,
Extractions: Related links of interest: Society:Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual:History:Historical Personas Society:Philosophy:Philosophy of Mind Computers:History:Pioneers Computers:Programming:Languages:Turing ... Alan M. Turing - Entry from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy by Andrew Hodges. Alan Mathison Turing (1912-1954) - British mathematician, cryptographer, and one of the key inventors of the modern computer. After his profound contributions to helping win World War II, he was persecuted for his homosexuality by his own government, and driven to suicide. Maintained by Turing biographer Andrew Hodges: extensive resources and links, online versions of several long essays on Turing. Alan Mathison Turing - Undergraduate biographical essay by John M. Kowalik. Alan Turing Archive - Archive and historical records pertaining to the work of computing pioneer Alan Turing. Alan Turing Papers - Collection record of Turings papers at Kings College, Cambridge. Alan Turing: The Biography Project - Biography, bibliography and links. Alan Turing - Encyclopedia biography from Wikipedia.
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Extractions: EncycloZine Arts Biography Business ... Alan Turing: The Enigma Andrew Hodges, Douglas Hofstadter Turing (A Novel about Computation) Christos H. Papadimitriou New Turing Omnibus (New Turning Omnibus: 66 Excursions in Computer Science) A. K. Dewdney The Universal Computer: The Road from Leibniz to Turing Martin Davis The Undecidable : Basic Papers on Undecidable Propositions, Unsolvable Problems and Computable Functions Martin Davis El delirio de Turing Edmundo Paz Soldan, Soldan Edmundo Paz, Edmundo Paz Soldan, Edmundo Paz Soldán The New Turing Omnibus : Sixty-Six Excursions in Computer Science A. K. Dewdney Ad Infinitum The Ghost in Turing's Machine: Taking God Out of Mathematics and Putting the Body Back in: An Essay in Corporeal Semiotics Brian Rotman Alan Turing: Life and Legacy of a Great Thinker Christof Teuscher, Douglas Hofstadter The Turing Test and the Frame Problem: Ai's Mistaken Understanding of Intelligence (Ablex Series in Artificial Intelligence) Larry J. Crockett About Us A - Z Site Map Top Pages ... Shop Here!
Generation5 - Turing, Alan turing, alan. (19121954) alan turing is generally considered to be one of the founding fathers of Artificial Intelligence along with John von Neumann. http://www.generation5.org/glossary/display.asp?uri=turing.xml
