Arabic Numerals banu musa brothers ( Ja'far Muhammad, Ahmad and alHasan (sons of) Musa ibn Shakir) (9th century A studied work written by the Banu Musa is "The Book of the http://www.arabicnumerals.cwc.net/
Extractions: By M Erhayiem The IBM World Book Encyclopaedia raises the question as how the Arabic Numerals originated (!?) as appeared in an article contributed by Nadine L. Verderber, Ph.D., Prof. of Mathematics, Southern Illinois Univ., Edwardsville. The article states, as such, "Scholars do not know how Arabic numerals originated." "The Hindus developed the zero sometime after A.D. 600." The World Book Multimedia Encyclopaedia has largely ignored the work of the Scientists during the Islamic and the Arabic medieval era. The contributions of the Muslims and Arabs in the field of Mathematics were very significant. The great Harvard historian of science, Professor George Sarton wrote in his monumental Introduction to the History of Science[4]: "From the second half of the 8th to the end of the 11th century, Arabic was the scientific, the progressive language of mankind... When the West was sufficiently mature to feel the need of deeper knowledge, it turned its attention, first of all, not to the Greek sources, but to the Arabic ones." O'Connor and Robertson[2] published various articles about the contribution of those forgotten brilliance. Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khawarizmi Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi (801-873 A.D.), a Philosopher and Mathematician, who wrote many works on arithmetic, including: the numbers, relative quantities, measuring proportion and time, and numerical procedures. He also wrote on space and time.
Banu_Musa banu musa brothers. Born Hunayn ibn Ishaq and later Thabit ibn Qurra alsoworked in the House of Wisdom with the banu musa brothers. Muhammad http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Banu_Musa.html
Extractions: There were three brothers Jafar Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir Ahmad ibn Musa ibn Shakir and al-Hasan ibn Musa ibn Shakir . They are almost indistinguishable but we do know that although they often worked together, they did have their own areas of expertise. The three links above give details specific to each of the brothers but most of the information about them is on this page. Jafar Muhammad worked mainly on geometry and astronomy while Ahmad worked mainly on mechanics and al-Hasan worked mainly on geometry. It is quite impossible to write separate biographies of the three brother, who are usually known as the Banu Musa, and we shall not attempt to do so. The Banu Musa brothers were among the first group of mathematicians to begin to carry forward the mathematical developments begun by the ancient Greeks. It is therefore worth looking at the background to how Arabic mathematics came to fill this role. Harun al-Rashid became the fifth Caliph of the Abbasid dynasty on 14 September 786, not long after Musa ibn Shakir, the father of the Banu Musa brothers, was born. Harun ruled from his court in the capital city of Baghdad over the Islam empire which stretched from the Mediterranean to India. He brought culture to his court and tried to establish the intellectual disciplines which at that time were not flourishing in the Arabic world. An example of this change is seen in the life of Musa ibn Shakir, the father of the Banu Musa brothers, who was a robber in his youth but turned to science, becoming highly proficient in astronomy. It was during al-Rashid's reign that the first Arabic translation of
Banu_Musa Biography of banu musa brothers (800860) banu musa brothers. Born about 800 in Baghdad, (now in Iraq) September 786, not long after Musa ibn Shakir, the father of the banu musa brothers, was born http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Banu_Musa.html
Extractions: There were three brothers Jafar Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir Ahmad ibn Musa ibn Shakir and al-Hasan ibn Musa ibn Shakir . They are almost indistinguishable but we do know that although they often worked together, they did have their own areas of expertise. The three links above give details specific to each of the brothers but most of the information about them is on this page. Jafar Muhammad worked mainly on geometry and astronomy while Ahmad worked mainly on mechanics and al-Hasan worked mainly on geometry. It is quite impossible to write separate biographies of the three brother, who are usually known as the Banu Musa, and we shall not attempt to do so. The Banu Musa brothers were among the first group of mathematicians to begin to carry forward the mathematical developments begun by the ancient Greeks. It is therefore worth looking at the background to how Arabic mathematics came to fill this role. Harun al-Rashid became the fifth Caliph of the Abbasid dynasty on 14 September 786, not long after Musa ibn Shakir, the father of the Banu Musa brothers, was born. Harun ruled from his court in the capital city of Baghdad over the Islam empire which stretched from the Mediterranean to India. He brought culture to his court and tried to establish the intellectual disciplines which at that time were not flourishing in the Arabic world. An example of this change is seen in the life of Musa ibn Shakir, the father of the Banu Musa brothers, who was a robber in his youth but turned to science, becoming highly proficient in astronomy. It was during al-Rashid's reign that the first Arabic translation of
Banu_Musa_Muhammad The three banu musa brothers are almost indistinguishable and most ofthe information is at this link. However, there is some information http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Banu_Musa_Muhammad.html
Extractions: The three Banu Musa brothers are almost indistinguishable and most of the information is at this link . However, there is some information specific to the eldest: Jafar Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir. It certainly appears that of the three brothers, he was the best mathematician. In addition to making perhaps the major contribution to the geometry text described above, Jafar Muhammad also wrote Premises of the book of conics which was a critical revision of Apollonius 's Conics. However, Jafar Muhammad was also the most politically active of the brothers, particularly in the last part of his life when the Turks were gaining control of the empire. It appears that his dispute with al-Kindi coloured Jafar Muhammad actions and he opposed anyone who had been a friend of al-Kindi 's. For this reason he campaigned successfully to have al-Musta'in become Caliph. However, there were internal struggles and al-Musta'in's brother besieged Baghdad with his army. In fact Jafar Muhammad was sent by al-Musta'in to negotiate the terms of his surrender with the besieging forces. Article by: J J O'Connor and E F Robertson Click on this link to see a list of the Glossary entries for this page List of References (6 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
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Banu_Musa_Muhammad Biography of Jafar Muhammad Banu Musa (800873) Jafar Muhammad Banu Musa. Born about 800 in Baghdad, Iraq The three banu musa brothers are almost indistinguishable and most of the information is at this link http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Banu_Musa_Muhammad.ht
Extractions: The three Banu Musa brothers are almost indistinguishable and most of the information is at this link . However, there is some information specific to the eldest: Jafar Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir. It certainly appears that of the three brothers, he was the best mathematician. In addition to making perhaps the major contribution to the geometry text described above, Jafar Muhammad also wrote Premises of the book of conics which was a critical revision of Apollonius 's Conics. However, Jafar Muhammad was also the most politically active of the brothers, particularly in the last part of his life when the Turks were gaining control of the empire. It appears that his dispute with al-Kindi coloured Jafar Muhammad actions and he opposed anyone who had been a friend of al-Kindi 's. For this reason he campaigned successfully to have al-Musta'in become Caliph. However, there were internal struggles and al-Musta'in's brother besieged Baghdad with his army. In fact Jafar Muhammad was sent by al-Musta'in to negotiate the terms of his surrender with the besieging forces. Article by: J J O'Connor and E F Robertson Click on this link to see a list of the Glossary entries for this page List of References (6 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
Banu_Musa_Ahmad Biography of Ahmad Banu Musa (805873) Ahmad Banu Musa. Born about 805 in Baghdad, Iraq The three banu musa brothers are almost indistinguishable and most of the information is at this link http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Banu_Musa_Ahmad.html
Extractions: The three Banu Musa brothers are almost indistinguishable and most of the information is at this link . However, there is some information specific to the second brother: Ahmed ibn Musa ibn Shakir. He wrote one texts under his own name on mechanics On mechanics is a treatise on pneumatic devices. Another text on the theory of the balance was written by the three brother but probably Ahmad played the leading role.
THABIT IBN QURRA being patronised by the Abbasid Caliphs. There, he studied under thefamous banu musa brothers. It was in this setting that Thabit http://members.tripod.com/~wzzz/QURRA.html
Extractions: var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Check out the NEW Hotbot Tell me when this page is updated THABIT IBN QURRA (836-901 A.D.) Thabit Ibn Qurra Ibn Marwan al-Sabi al-Harrani was born in the year 836 A.D. at Harran (present Turkey). As the name indicates he was basically a member of the Sabian sect, but the great Muslim mathematician Muhammad Ibn Musa Ibn Shakir, impressed by his knowledge of languages, and realising his potential for a scientific career, selected him to join the scientific group at Baghdad that was being patronised by the Abbasid Caliphs. There, he studied under the famous Banu Musa brothers. It was in this setting that Thabit contributed to several branches of science, notably mathematics, astronomy and mechanics, in addition to translating a large number of works from Greek to Arabic. Later, he was patronised by the Abbasid Caliph al-M'utadid. After a long career of scholarship, Thabit died at Baghdad in 901 A.D. Thabit's major contribution lies in mathematics and astronomy. He was instrumental in extending the concept of traditional geometry to geometrical algebra and proposed several theories that led to the development of non-Euclidean geometry, spherical trigonometry, integral calculus and real numbers. He criticised a number of theorems of Euclid's elements and proposed important improvements. He applied arithmetical terminology to geometrical quantities, and studied several aspects of conic sections, notably those of parabola and ellipse. A number of his computations aimed at determining the surfaces and volumes of different types of bodies and constitute, in fact, the processes of integral calculus, as developed later.
Loq-Man Translations There, he studied under the famous banu musa brothers. It was in this setting that Thabit contributed to the work of the banu musa brothers and later his son and http://www.loqmantranslations.com/ArabicFacts/ArabTranslators.html
Extractions: Consulting Translators Contact Us Abu Zayd Hunayn ibn Ishaq al-Ibadi (808 - 873) Hunayn ibn Ishaq is most famous as a translator. He was not a mathematician but trained in medicine and made his original contributions to the subject. However, as the leading translator in the House of Wisdom at one of the most remarkable periods of mathematical revival, his influence on the mathematicians of the time is of sufficient importance to merit his inclusion in this archive. His son Ishaq ibn Hunayn, strongly influenced by his father, is famed for his Arabic translation of Euclid's Elements. Hunayn's father was Ishaq, a pharmacist from Hira. The family were from a group who had belonged to the Syrian Nestorian Christian Church before the rise of Islam, and Hunayn was brought up as a Christian. Hunayn became skilled in languages as a young man, in particular learning Arabic at Basra and also learning Syriac. To continue his education Hunayn went to Baghdad to study medicine under the leading teacher of the time. However, after falling out with this teacher, Hunayn left Baghdad and, probably during a period in Alexandria, became an expert in the Greek language. Hunayn returned to Baghdad and established contact with the teacher with whom he had fallen out. The two became firm friends and were close collaborators on medical topics for many years.
THABIT IBN QURRA There, he studied under the famous banu musa brothers. It was in this setting that Thabit contributed to the work of the banu musa brothers and later his son and http://www.ummah.net/history/scholars/QURRA.html
Extractions: THABIT IBN QURRA (836-901 C.E.) Thabit Ibn Qurra Ibn Marwan al-Sabi al-Harrani was born in the year 836 C.E. at Harran (present Turkey). As the name indicates he was basically a member of the Sabian sect, but the great Muslim mathematician Muhammad Ibn Musa Ibn Shakir, impressed by his knowledge of languages, and realising his potential for a scientific career, selected him to join the scientific group at Baghdad that was being patronised by the Abbasid Caliphs. There, he studied under the famous Banu Musa brothers. It was in this setting that Thabit contributed to several branches of science, notably mathematics, astronomy and mechanics, in addition to translating a large number of works from Greek to Arabic. Later, he was patronised by the Abbasid Caliph al-M'utadid. After a long career of scholarship, Thabit died at Baghdad in 901 C.E. Thabit's major contribution lies in mathematics and astronomy. He was instrumental in extending the concept of traditional geometry to geometrical algebra and proposed several theories that led to the development of non-Euclidean geometry, spherical trigonometry, integral calculus and real numbers. He criticised a number of theorems of Euclid's elements and proposed important improvements. He applied arithmetical terminology to geometrical quantities, and studied several aspects of conic sections, notably those of parabola and ellipse. A number of his computations aimed at determining the surfaces and volumes of different types of bodies and constitute, in fact, the processes of integral calculus, as developed later.
Full Alphabetical Index Translate this page 647*) Baker, Henry (195*) Ball, Walter W Rouse (85) Balmer, Johann (95*) Banach,Stefan (2533*) Banna, al-Marrakushi al (861) banu musa brothers (1208) Banu http://alas.matf.bg.ac.yu/~mm97106/math/alphalist.htm
Full Alphabetical Index Translate this page Ball, Walter W Rouse (85) Balmer, Johann (95*) Banach, Stefan (2533*) Banneker,Benjamin (892*) Banna, al-Marrakushi al (861) banu musa brothers (1208) Banu http://www.maththinking.com/boat/mathematicians.html
Black Behind Blue In fact, he was a great pretender compared to the three banu musa brothersof Baghdad (9th Century) and their Book of Ingenious Inventions. http://www.cyberpoems.com/9-2/blackbehindblue.htm
Extractions: stars in the sky. Whose notebooks will survive? snickers Leonardo, beholding himself in the mirror as he writes. Would you choose to swim in a pool made of mercury, drifting among the golden boats with the barbaric Banu Musa Brothers, or would you put your money on me? (I have invented a parachute, but no plane.) He who journeys without companions can send his thoughts to dwell in the eternal blue sky or to fall like a stone into turbulent waters. He lived on a star called Earth with Water. A star that twinkled like every other.
Extractions: Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition This page is an incomplete list of prominent and famous (or infamous) people who are Muslims A Muslim is a believer in or follower of Islam. The word Muslim means one who submits and implies complete submission to the will of God. Muslims believe that nature is itself Islamic, since it follows natural laws placed by God. Thus a Muslim strives to surrender to God's commands every step of the way. There is no distinction made between daily life and religion or politics. Click the link for more information. - followers of Islam Islam Muslims . In some older English texts they are referred to as "Muhammadans" or "Mohammadans", but these terms are deprecated because they imply, incorrectly, that Muslims worship Muhammad, and because of this are offensive to many Muslims.
Unparalleled Scientific Legacy Of Islam being patronized by the Abbasid Caliphs. There, he studied under thefamous banu musa brothers. It was in this setting that Thabit http://www.storyofpakistan.com/contribute.asp?artid=C059&Pg=3
MuslimHeritage.com - Muslim Scholars He worked together with alKhwarizmi, Hunayn ibn Ishaq and the banu musa brothers(Jafar Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir, Ahmed ibn Musa ibn Shakir and al-Hasan http://www.muslimheritage.com/day_life/default.cfm?ArticleID=370&Oldpage=1
ISS Research Meetings 7th June Vol 5.25 And 9th June Vol 5.26 Cool Historical Mistakes in Electronic Music 1) Somehow three Arabic brothers werechanged into a book a) 813833 The banu musa brothers (Muhammed, Ahamad http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/ISS/minutes/S25
Mathem_abbrev Babbage, Charles Bachet de Méziriac, C Baghdadi, Abu al Banna, alMarrakushi albanu musa brothers bar Hiyya, Abraham Barrow, Isaac Battani, Abu al- Bayes http://www.pbcc.cc.fl.us/faculty/domnitcj/mgf1107/mathrep1.htm
Extractions: Mathematician Report Index Below is a list of mathematicians. You may choose from this list or report on a mathematician not listed here. In either case, you must discuss with me the mathematician you have chosen prior to starting your report. No two students may write a report on the same mathematician. I would advise you to go to the library before choosing your topic as there might not be much information on the mathematician you have chosen. Also, you should determine the topic early in the term so that you can "lock-in" your report topic!! The report must include: 1. The name of the mathematician. 2. The years the mathematician was alive. 3. A biography. 4. The mathematician's major contribution(s) to mathematics and an explanation of the importance. 5. A historical perspective during the time the mathematician was alive.
Encyclopedia4U - Al-Kindi - Encyclopedia Article Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq alSabbah Al-Kindi (801 - 873) worked with Al-Khawarizmiand the banu musa brothers to translate Greek scientific manuscripts in the http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/a/al-kindi.html
Extractions: ENCYCLOPEDIA U com Lists of articles by category ... SEARCH : Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Sabbah Al-Kindi ) worked with Al-Khawarizmi and the Banu Musa Brothers to translate Greek scientific manuscripts in the "House of Wisdom" in Baghdad . In addition, Al-Kindi wrote many manuscripts and books of his own. Topics for these manuscripts included: This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it.
