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Sonoluminescence: more detail

Sonoluminescence by F. Ronald Young, 2004-08-30
Sonochemistry and Sonoluminescence (NATO Science Series C: (closed))
Shock Focussing Effect in Medical Science and Sonoluminescence
Sonoluminescence
Optique: Sonoluminescence, Vitesse de La Lumière, Monochromatique, Récepteur Superhétérodyne, Principe Variationnel (French Edition)
Sonoluminescence: An entry from Thomson Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Science, 3rd ed.</i>
Acoustique: Sonoluminescence, Vitesse Du Son, Viscoanalyseur, Acoustique Musicale, Enregistrement Sonore, Enceinte, Exposimètre (French Edition)
Luminescence: Fluorescence, Triboluminescence, Sonoluminescence, Optical Brightener, Electroluminescence, Cathodoluminescence
Nonlinear Acoustics at the turn of the Millennium: ISNA 15, 15th International Symposium, Göttingen, Germany 1-4 September 1999 (AIP Conference Proceedings)
Cavitation by F. Ronald Young, 1989-09
Sonochemistry/Cavitation by MARGULIS, 1995-11-01

lists with details

PhysicsWeb - New Light On Sonoluminescence
New light on sonoluminescence 1 April 1999. The origin of sonoluminescence the emission of light by bubbles of gas trapped in a
http://physicsweb.org/article/news/3/4/3
CIMU- Sonoluminescence
sonoluminescence. sonoluminescence refers to the transduction of sound energy into light energy, mediated by bubbles in a supporting fluid.
http://cimu.apl.washington.edu/sono.html

Extractions: Sonoluminescence refers to the transduction of sound energy into light energy, mediated by bubbles in a supporting fluid. The figure below illustrates the nonlinear radial response of a single bubble to an applied sound field. When the pressure within the bubble falls below the vapor pressure of the liquid, the bubble begins to grow while the bubble fills with vapor. When the pressure turns positive, the vapor condenses and the bubble accelerates rapidly inward. Near the minimum radius, the bubble may emit a flash of light. The bubble continues to oscillate near its resonant radius, until the next acoustic cycle, where the entire process repeates itself.
Sonoluminescence
sonoluminescence. sonoluminescence below.. Attempts to find single bubble sonoluminescence in liquids other than water, were not successful.
http://www.halexandria.org/dward166.htm

Extractions: Sonoluminescence is the initiation of bright flashes of light caused by imposing a loud, high frequency sound on a gas bubble contained within a liquid. According to one report [1] sound (typically 110 decibels at 25,000 Hertz) can cause a single air bubble in water to oscillate. As the pressure of the sound wave decreases (in the normal course of a single cycle of increasing and decreasing pressure), the bubbles internal pressure causes it to increase in size to a maximum radius of about 70 micrometers. As the external pressure of the sound wave increases, the bubble begins to collapse. This collapse occurs partway through the rise in external pressure (and lasts about 15 x 10 seconds). The collapsing bubble walls shrink the bubble to less than a hundredth of its maximum size in about 15 microseconds. Then, as the bubble nears its minimum size, it emits a bright flash of light. The maximum duration of the flash of light is about 50 picoseconds (50 x 10 seconds). The bubble then oscillates about its minimum radius for a short time, before the cycle repeats itself. The temperature rise inside the bubble is estimated to rise to between 100,000 and a million degrees Kelvin, and the internal pressures to as much as 100 million times atmospheric pressure.
Sonoluminescence: Bubble Power
sonoluminescence Bubble power. These flashes of light, known as sonoluminescence , occur as the bubble implodes, or cavitates.
http://www.nature.com/nature/links/020725/020725-1.html
Sonoluminescence
sonoluminescence. sonoluminescence is the emission of short bursts of light from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound.
http://www.fact-index.com/s/so/sonoluminescence.html

Extractions: Main Page See live article Alphabetical index Sonoluminescence is the emission of short bursts of light from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound . The effect was first discovered at the University of Cologne in as a result of work on sonar . Interest in the topic rose again when an inner temperature of such a bubble well above one million degrees Celsius was postulated, making it a possible source for nuclear fusion energy. A major breakthrough occurred when Gaitan et al. were able to produce single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL), in which a single bubble, trapped in a standing acoustic wave, emits light with each pulsation. This development allowed the systematic study of the phenomenon, because it allowed the isolation of the effects of just one bubble, rather than the complex environment of many bubbles. Here are some facts about sonoluminescence: The light flashes from the bubbles are extremely short - between 35 and a few hundred picoseconds long. The bubbles are very small when they emit the light - about 1 micrometer in diameter.
Teachspin - Sonoluminescence Advanced Laboratory Equipment
sonoluminescence sonoluminescence is the production of light from sound. This effect, discovered just over ten years ago, has been
http://www.teachspin.com/products/sonoluminescence/

Extractions: Students begin their exploration by first understanding some basic acoustical principles, such as resonance behavior, quality factors, variation of sound speed with temperature, and the eigenmode structure of a 3-dimensional resonance "cavity." Once these principles are understood there are a large number of experiments that can be performed focusing on the liquid sample preparation and the light emitted from the bubble.
Sonoluminescence -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Physics
sonoluminescence, The production of a flash of light accompanying the bursting of a bubble. References. Crum, L. A. sonoluminescence. Physics Today, Sept.
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/Sonoluminescence.html

Extractions: References Crum, L. A. "Sonoluminescence." Physics Today, Sept. 1994, pp. 22-29. Crum, L. A. and Roy, R. A. "Sonoluminescence." Science Hiller, R. et al. "Effect of Noble Gas Doping in Singe-Bubble Sonoluminescence." Science van Warren, L. "The Virtual Sonoluminescence Symposium." http://www.wdv.com/Notebook/Sono/
The Particle: Sonoluminescence
conventional atom model, flaws of the atom model, new proposed atom model, synergetics, from waves to particles, oscillon, sonoluminescence, glass shattering
http://www.blazelabs.com/f-p-sono.asp

Extractions: Blaze Labs Research Menu Location: Food for Thought > The Particle > Sonoluminescence Home Food for Thought Introduction The Particle Introduction Conventional atom model The big flaws of the atom model New proposed atom model ... Sacred geometry Unified Theory - My version Introduction The elementary entity Gravity explained Standard units / ST conversion ... Does a non-linear electric field gradient generate gravity? Is gravity background radiation pressure? Introduction Action at a distance Radiation pressure Total shadowing effect ... Analysing De Aquino's System H EHD Thrusters Introduction EHD thruster collection Introduction Triangular 3-stage cascade Hexagonal 2-stage cascade Low profile panel ... The lifter solver (Java) New Energy Research Transmutation of carbon Experiments Introduction 01: Inertia device 02: Teflon coated EHD thruster 03: Lightweight hv supply ... Send E-mail
The Duration Of Sonoluminescence (sl) Pulses
The duration of sonoluminescence (sl) pulses. THE DURATION OF sonoluminescence (SL) PULSES has been resolved for the first time.
http://www.phys.uni.torun.pl/~jkob/physnews98/node211.html
Sonoluminescence Is Chemical In Nature
sonoluminescence is chemical in nature. sonoluminescence IS CHEMICAL IN NATURE, not nuclear. A new experiment at the University of
http://www.phys.uni.torun.pl/~jkob/physnews/node130.html
Chain Reaction Commentary On Sonoluminescence
C O M M E N A R Y C O M M E N A R Y, Chain Reaction and sonoluminescence . You need Netscape! Do you want a furnace that burns water?
http://www.isn.net/~deighanj/sono.html

Extractions: I have not as of yet, see last updated at bottom. But I have seen the previews and was interested enough to visit the CHAIN REACTION WWW SITE WOW!! The stuff you can do with MacroMedia. You will notice I use a lot of their Power Applets on my sites. But I haven't gone all out multimedia. Visit them at http://www.macromedia.com/ First, I am not going to explain sonoluminescence, to get varied descriptions and up to date info do a search on "Open Text Index" , which seems to produce more hits than any of the others. What I would like to discuss is a furnace that burns water. Those of you who don't believe water burns can leave the room now. The rest can read on. For twenty years I've hinted that water burns, I have based this assumption on observation of historical and other events I've witnessed over my lifetime. I have pursued military research into water based weapons systems, human spontaneous combustion, cold fusion and the car that runs on water. There is tons of research into alternate fuels including prototype vehicles using hydrogen conversion. I don't get into the technical stuff, I'm not a scientist or engineer, all I want is a furnace that runs on water, which produces heat and electricity, so I can keep some of my pay check to spend on my family.
Sonoluminescence
sonoluminescence 2000, Sprites, St. Elmo s fire, and ball lightning, sonoluminescence 2001, sonoluminescence 2002, sonoluminescence 2003, sonoluminescence 2004,
http://www.geocities.com/sonoluminescence2000/

Extractions: Sonoluminescence 2000 Sonoluminescence (SL) is the ultraviolet and visible light observed from the collapse of bubbles containing atmospheric air during the ultrasonic cavitation of water, although bubble collapse without ultrasound also produces SL light. SL from bubble collapse is related to the dissociation of water molecule during bubble nucleation. Bubble related applications include: sonochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, lightning, the Lenard effect and waterfall electricity, thundercloud electrification, Sprites, St. Elmo's fire, ball lightning, tornado warning devices, and weather modification to reduce the intensity of tornadoes and hurricanes. During bubble nucleation, surface tension may form a spherical liquid particle leaving an annular gap with the expanding bubble wall. If not, the bubble is a void filled with the vapor of the liquid. Nucleation is a complex non-equilibrium process, but may be conceptually bracketed between empty and non-emptly bubble configurations. Indeed, at some point in the nucleation process the EM resonant frequencies of the the configurations must have passed through the VUV. In this transient process taking place at ambient temperature, the thermal kT energy of atoms and molecules on the surfaces of the bubble confingurations that is usually emitted at far IR frequencies is suppressed by the adjacent VUV resonant cavities, the process taking place over a few hundred picoseconds.
Creating Sonoluminescence
Creating sonoluminescence. INTRODUCTION. The stability and simplicity of singlebubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) permitted more detailed studies.
http://www.geocities.com/hbomb41ca/sono.html

Extractions: Creating Sonoluminescence INTRODUCTION Sonoluminescence was first discovered in 1934 when H.Frenze and H.Schultes found that photographic plate were being darken when submerged in water and irradiated with ultrasonic waves. When an intense sound field is produced within liquid, voids filed with gas and vapor are generated during tensile portion of the pressure variation. The subsequent acoustic compression cycle forces these voids to collapse violently resulting in an energy concentration as high as 12 orders of magnitude. In 1988, Felip Caitan discovered a unique condition necessary for a single bubble which would produce Sonoluminescence each acoustic cycle. The stability and simplicity of single-bubble Sonoluminescence (SBSL) permitted more detailed studies. Seth Putterman and his colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles, discovered some remarkable properties of SBSL. They found that as they selected photo-multiplier tubes with increasingly faster response times, they continue to measure only the impulse response of the tube. Even when they used the world's fastest photo-multiplier tube , they could not obtained the SBSL pulse duration. Their analysis yielded upper bound of about 50 picoseconds. Also, the time interval between consecutive flashes came out with a precise " clock-like" regularity. SET-UP for SBSL 1. Attaching the Transducers
SONOLUMINESCENCE
Ask A Scientist. Physics Archive. sonoluminescence. Question Can anyone provide general information about sonoluminescence. I read
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/phy99/phy99xx6.htm
October 26, 1991 SONOLUM1.ASC
in the October 15, 1991 Wall Street Journal. Could sonoluminescence be related to the work done by Keely on dissociation of H2O?
http://www.keelynet.com/keely/sonolum1.txt

Extractions: October 26, 1991 SONOLUM1.ASC This file shared with KeelyNet courtesy of Matt McFarland. This article appeared in the October 15, 1991 Wall Street Journal. Could sonoluminescence be related to the work done by Keely on dissociation of H2O? FLASHES MIGHT YIELD CLUES ABOUT FUSION Mysterious flashes of blue light may illuminate a new way to tap nuclear energy, two physicists suggest. When sound waves are transmitted through a liquid, they create a trail of microscopic bubbles. As early as 1929, scientists reported that at unpredictable times, they would occasionally see mysterious flashes of blue light, called sonoluminescence, when the tiny bubbles collapsed. Last year, University of Mississippi scientists learned how to repeatedly get flashes from single bubbles. Now, the blue flashes are being measured by physicist Seth J. Putterman and his graduate student, Bradley P. Barber, at the University of California, Los Angeles. Their apparatus, a spherical flask with a sonic generator attached, costs only a few hundred dollars. The results, which they reported in Nature, are surprising. They found that what appears to the eye as one flash is actually many flashes, each lasting only 100 trillionths of a second and occurring with clock-like regularity every 100 millionths of a second. (10,000 Hz) Even more surprising, says Dr. Putterman, are the energy implications of such quick light pulses. A photon of blue light given off by a single atom carries an energy of 3.5 electron volts. This is a trillion times more energy than any single atom in the tiny bubbles could have gained from the sound waves. He speculates that as each bubble implodes to about 1/100,000 of its original volume, the energy and atoms in the bubble are concentrated to a tiny point. The flash occurs when a million atoms simultaneously release this concentrated energy by giving off photons of blue light. This split-second concentration of energy in the collapsing bubbles may be producing the temperatures and pressures needed for the thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms, the nuclear reaction that powers the sun. If scientists could understand sonoluminescence, they might have clues to new ways to trigger thermonuclear fusion, he suggests. Vanguard note... Keely claimed that water could be dissociated at 42,800 CPS. From what little description there is available, we cannot be sure if this is simple hydrolysis or the production of the tenuous substance which Keely claimed to have the consistency of taffy at one stage, a tenuous vapor at another. According to Keely, water could be dissociated to a wide range of products depending on what set of frequencies were applied. In one case, we find mention of what appears to be a plasma since it is termed a "luminiferous" gas. The visible flashes as mentioned in the preceding article confirm Keely's statements regarding the "Luminiferous Aether" as he found when applying various sonic harmonies to fluids and gases. Our friends, Dale Pond and Victor Hansen have been looking into the operational principles of one of the last remaining Keely Motors. They have come to the conclusion that the machine takes advantage of CAVITATION. CAVITATION refers to small "bubbles" which are produced in liquid mediums subjected to pressure displacements. These bubbles are easily noticed in ultrasonic cleaning tanks containing water or other fluids. When the high intensity ultrasonic waves pound the water in a reciprocal motion, the bubbles form on the return stroke of the wave. Commercial ultrasonic units include the warning that one is not to leave material in the machine while under power for extended lengths of time. The bubbles (cavities) formed will pound the material to a point which will eat into its structure. I have seen a stainless steel film processor rack left in an industrial unit for 2 hours. The structure of this rack was flawless before the process and had thousands of pits as if eaten away by small vermin when removed 2 hours later. The Keely engine runs on water and has two pistons. When a piston thrusts forward, it pushes the water through an orifice. The secret of operation is believed to be in the return stroke of the piston which creates these micro bubbles (cavitation) to create tremendous suction in their attempt to collapse. Since the water is under great pressure in the engine, the suction forces are consequently magnified far beyond water that found in a non-pressurized vessel. When the cavitation bubbles strive to collapse in their effort to re-establish pressure equilibrium, the suction pressure is somehow shunted off to an accumulator. This accumulator then provides power for the operation of the device with extra power for what is termed an "over-unity" motor. Keely also mentions the specific frequencies of 620, 630 and 12,000 CPS as releasing finer forces (greater pressures) held in bondage in the water molecule. The 620 disrupted the molecule, the 630 disrupted the atoms comprising the molecule and the 12,000 disrupted the inter-atomic structure of those atoms. Modern discoveries have termed the components which comprise the atom as "quarks." In the researches of John Keely, he found all mass aggregations to be built up from 7 states of matter. In progressive order, these are : 1) Compound inter-aetheric 2) Inter-Aetheric 3) Aetheric 4) Inter-atomic 5) Atomic 6) Inter-molecular 7) Molecular Here at KeelyNet we spell Ether as "AETHER" to avoid confusion with the chemical Ether. Aether is the finest of the levels of being in the universe. It is an elastic substance which permeates and indeed comprises all energy and matter in the Universe through its various manifestations. By the term manifestation, we mean that Aether can be slowed down through the use of interferences to ever lower states. These in turn manifest as energy and matter. The structure of this "cascading force-flow" is: 1) Aether 2) Magnetism 3) Electricity 4) Cosmic rays 5) Light 6) Heat 7) Physical vibration 8) Matter By properly "resisting" (interfering) with the Aether OR any of its lower manifestations one can create the next lower manifestation. Of course, this process can be reversed through the use of "harmonic interfences" to multiply vibration to the point that it becomes the next higher level. In this manner, we can intentionally access any of the various levels of energy or matter. Puharich says he found 600 CPS to be the best frequency for the dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen as driven by weak sources of electrical energy, in this case, solar cells. The idea was to install a hydrogen accumulator in your garage and refill your car gas (literally) tank from your own home supply. The problem with this was that hydrogen stored in such a manner would create massive safety problems. Vehicles using such storage systems have been termed "Highway Hindenbergs" due to the extreme volatility of hydrogen. We are pursuing more information on the technology used for the continuous generation of the visible bursts and will follow up this paper with our findings.
Science - Technology - Acoustics, Ultrasound And Vibration
Top Science Technology Acoustics, Ultrasound and Vibration Ultrasound sonoluminescence Boosting sonoluminescence Joachim
http://www.sedirectory.net/Science/Technology/Acoustics,_Ultrasound_and_Vibratio

Extractions: Web Hosting Dir Web Design Dir Search Engine Dir Hardware Info ... Resources Search: Top Science Technology Acoustics, Ultrasound and Vibration ... Boosting Sonoluminescence - Joachim Holzfuss , Matthias R¼ggeberg , Robert Mettin Institut f¼r Angewandte Physik, TU Darmstadt, Schlogartenstr. 7, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany Drittes Physikalisches Institut, B¼rgerstr. 42-44, 37073 G¶ttingen, Germany The Casimir Effect: Physical Manifestations of Zero Point Energy - Kimball A. Milton: High Energy Physics - Theory, abstract (hep-th/9901011) Is there a connection between the Casimir effect and the phenomenon of sonoluminescence? Direct Observations of Single Sonoluminescence Pulses - To investigate the physical processes underlying the phenomenon of sonoluminescence, researchers attempted to measure the diameter and duration of single sonoluminescence flashes. The Effect of Anomalous Mass Flux on Expansion Ratio and Light Emission Ratio In Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence - D. Felipe Gaitan National Center for Physical Acoustics, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 R. Glynn Holt Boston University, Dept. of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston, MA 02215 Felipe Gaitan's Homepage - Dr. Felipe Gaitan's work on Sonoluminesence, Bubble Shape Oscillations and Thermoacoustics; NCPA; The University of Mississippi
Science, Technology, Acoustics, Ultrasound And Vibration, Ultrasound: Sonolumine
Boosting sonoluminescence Joachim Holzfuss , Matthias R¼ggeberg , Robert Mettin Institut f¼r Angewandte Physik, TU Darmstadt, Schlogartenstr.
http://www.combose.com/Science/Technology/Acoustics,_Ultrasound_and_Vibration/Ul

Extractions: Boosting Sonoluminescence - Joachim Holzfuss , Matthias R¼ggeberg , Robert Mettin Institut f¼r Angewandte Physik, TU Darmstadt, Schlogartenstr. 7, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany Drittes Physikalisches Institut, B¼rgerstr. 42-44, 37073 G¶ttingen, Germany Direct Observations of Single Sonoluminescence Pulses - To investigate the physical processes underlying the phenomenon of sonoluminescence, researchers attempted to measure the diameter and duration of single sonoluminescence flashes. Felipe Gaitan's Homepage - Dr. Felipe Gaitan's work on Sonoluminesence, Bubble Shape Oscillations and Thermoacoustics; NCPA; The University of Mississippi Impulse Devices, Inc. (USA) - is developing a new product known as Sonofusion power generator which will capture a significant percentage of the $500 billion per year electric power generation revenue stream. The fusion of one gallon of water will release the same amount of energy as will the combustion of one million gallons of gasoline. IDI has 20 patents on file to protect the new technology that will enable the use of hydrogen, available in all water, as a fuel. Physics News Graphics: The Sonoluminescence Process - American Institute of Physics Publications on Sonoluminescence - Detlef Lohse Research on sonoluminescence in the Department of Mathematical Sciences.
Sonoluminescence
sonoluminescence. (SE Jones). When a liquid is ultrasonically agitated, voids form in the liquid and collapse emitting visible light, sonoluminescence.
http://physics1.byu.edu/atomic/sonoluminescence.htm

Extractions: (S. E. Jones) When a liquid is ultrasonically agitated, voids form in the liquid and collapse emitting visible light, sonoluminescence. During cavitation extremely high temperatures and pressures are possible in the collapsing bubbles. (Predicted temperatures are greater than 10 K .) At temperatures greater than 10 K in deuterium gas, measurable levels of tunneling fusion occur. We are studying the range and structure of the spectra produced by sonoluminescing bubbles in order to gain better insight into the actual temperatures and pressures achieved during cavitation. We are also using neutron production rates to investigate the possibility that cavitation can be used to produce inertial confinement fusion. Links: Department Home Page BYU Home Page Atomic Physics Home Page Last modified 12 July 2001 by S. D. Bergeson
Lukol Directory - Science Technology Acoustics, Ultrasound And Vibration Ultraso
sonoluminescence and Medical Ultrasound Physics News Graphics (American Institute of Physics) http//www.aip.org/physnews/graphics/html/sonom
http://www.lukol.com/Top/Science/Technology/Acoustics,_Ultrasound_and_Vibration/

Extractions: A summary of the history and prevailing theories of sonoluminescence are presented. Details of the constructed rig are given, with reasons for the choices of each piece of equipment. Although sonoluminescence was not obtained, the work did solve some of the major problems involved with producing the phenomenon.
Science Search > Sonoluminescence
2. Physics News Graphics The sonoluminescence Process American Institute of Physics http//www.aip.org/physnews/graphics/html/sono1.htm 06-01-2003
http://www.science-search.org/index/Technology/Acoustics,044_Ultrasound_and_Vibr

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