Extractions: Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Bushmeat (from the French French le français la langue française ) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered only by Spanish and Portuguese. French is the 11th most spoken language in the world, spoken by about 77 million people (called Francophones) as a mother tongue, and 128 million including second language speakers, in 1999. It is an official or administrative language in various communities and organizations (such as the European Union, IOC, United Nations and Universal Postal Union). Click the link for more information. "viande de brousse") hunting This article is about the hunting of prey by human society. For other uses of the word "hunting" see Hunting (disambiguation). Hunting is, in its most general sense, the pursuit of a target. It is most commonly applied to the practice of pursuing animals to capture or kill them for food, sport, or trade in their products. Beasts so hunted are referred to as game animals. Hunting is also done to control varmint populations or as wildlife management to reduce animal populations which have exceeded the capacity of their range or when individual animals have become a danger to humans.
Orangutan Foundation International - Citations And Articles Changes in deferred imitation of novel actions on objects were assessed over a2year period in two enculturated, juvenile great apes (one chimpanzee, Pan http://www.orangutan.org/links/reflinks.php?id=4
Apes & Monkeys to think inhumanlike ways; Since the apes housed at the Center have been foster-raisedby human caretakers, they are considered enculturated (as opposed to http://www.monkeymaddness.com/apes_monkeys/bbm5.htm
Extractions: After 3 years of searching over 150 properties in Florida, we've found our sanctuary location for orangutans and chimpanzees. We've had to consider many factors such as climate, surrounding development, landscape, and nearby veterinary facilities in order to locate a site where we could care for adult apes for the next 50 years. Our property is located in South Central Florida in Wauchula (near Sebring and Avon Park). It's 3 hours north of Miami, 11/2 hours south of Orlando, or 1 hour south of Tampa. It's a truly beautiful tropical forest setting very similar to the natural habitat of these apes in the wild. In addition to large oak trees, sweet gum, and southern maple, there are palm trees and banana trees... as well as citrus and exotic fruits growing on the site. A creek runs through the middle of the sanctuary, and there are two geodesic-dome buildings to house our office, staff, and visitors. An additional small cottage at the north end of the site will make a comfortable temporary home for students doing observational and behavioral research. (The property and structures have been purchased privately and are being donated to our 501 (c)(3) nonprofit sanctuary.) We received immediate approval from the county for zoning, and our next step is to build habitats and nighthouses for the apes. The challenge is to construct something which will meet all state and federal requirements for housing adult orangutans and chimpanzees as well as providing enriching habitats with large spaces for climbing and running..... and within a budget we can afford! We've had good advice from zoo personnel and private builders and we are very happy that Lundy Clarke of the engineering firm of CRA Clarke, Inc. has donated her expertise in design and planning.
SRB Review 9 (2) intent of communication, but that it does not necessarily demonstrate a cognitivedifference between apes, monkeys and other enculturated (home reared http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/epc/srb/srb/mindful.html
Extractions: Go to SRB Archives This review appeared in Volume 9 (2) of The Semiotic Review of Books. Reaching Into Thought: The Minds of the Great Apes. Ed. by. Anne E. Russon, Kim A. Bard and Sue Taylor Parker, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1996. pp 464. ISBN 0521 47168 Chapter 4 compares aspects of social intelligence between apes and monkeys, in this case macaques. The research observes a particular level of social skill in post conflict situations, based on activities of a third party. The two third party behaviours investigated are third party mediated reconciliation and consolation of the loser. The varying levels of these behaviours seen between chimpanzees and macaques may partly rest on social constraints which in the more hierarchically organized macaques may interfere with loser support. In addition the argument is put forward that for chimpanzee consolation is really a more intellectually oriented event in that it involves the idea of comprehending the upset mental state of the recipient of consolation without sharing the emotion and thus becoming involved in the conflict. This ability differs from third party intervention, which is seen in macaques, because of the mental aspect of seeing yourself in another's situation. In conclusion Russon argued that the learning involved was not necessarily the main function of the imitation. Rather, by replicating non specific behaviour of favoured demonstrators, such as placing grave markers or sharpening blow gun darts they were participating in the demonstrators social circle. Interpersonal goals are seen in human infants who play peekaboo or replicate the posture and words of others. These interpersonal goals may well reflect the social bases which have been argued to underlay intellectual capabilities in apes. This level of understanding the possible goals of orangutans is quite different from the experimentally induced physically matched, goal directed behaviour regarded as true imitation in many lab situations.
S. Shanker | Department Of Philosophy - York University E. Sue SavageRumbaugh, Stuart G. Shanker, and Talbot J. Taylor, apes, Language and worldinto which the child is entering is a reflexively enculturated world. http://www.arts.yorku.ca/phil/faculty/shanker.html
Josep Call Representing space and objects in monkeys and apes. Cognitive Science, 24, 397422. 59,771-785. Call, J. (2001). Body imitation in an enculturated orangutan. http://email.eva.mpg.de/~call/public.htm
KLI Theory Lab - Authors - Jesse M. Bering in enculturated chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Animal Cognition 5 4958. ethologyand sociobiology Povinelli, DJ/Bering, JM 2002. The mentality of apes http://www.kli.ac.at/theorylab/AuthPage/B/BERINGJesseM.html
Extractions: Belarusian Bulgarian Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian (cyr.) Serbian (lat.) Slovak Spanish Swedish Turkish Ukrainian Natur Liv Animals (Animalia) Mammals (Mammalia) ... Primates (Primates): taxonomy Great Apes (Pongidae) This category is not edited. Ever thought of becoming an editor Sister categories ... Avahi, Sifakas, and Indri (Ind... Dwarf Lemurs and Mouse Lemurs ... Enculturated Apes Gibbons, or Lesser Apes (Hylob... Lemurs (Lemuridae) Lorises, Pottos, and Galagos (... Marmosets, or Tamarins (Callit... New World Monkeys (Cebidae) Old World Monkeys (Cercopithec... People, or Human Beings (Homin... Primates (Primates): taxonomy Primatology Sportive Lemurs, or Weasel Lem... Chimpanzees (Pan) Orangutans (Pongo) Gorillas (Gorilla) Sider No filters selected ...
Jim Davies: Primatech please contact Jim Davies (jim@jimdavies.org). Web links for enculturatedand signing apes; Online American Sign Language Dictionary; http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/perception/projects/primatech/
Extractions: The goal of this project is to create an installation that simulates talking to a sign-language using orangutan. Please read the The June 1999 report and look at the diagram for a good overview. If you would like to contribute to this project, please contact Jim Davies (jim@jimdavies.org) Talks Projects for undergrads and new grad students (7100, UROC, etc.) Contributers to the project Jim Davies, jim@jimdavies.org (cognitive modeling) Lyn Miles, lmiles@cecasun.utc.edu (language training) Tim Keenan, tk@cc.gatech.edu (graphics)
ApeNet ApeNet is helping to establish worldwide preserves to provide permanent homes forenculturated great apes, ie, apes raised in human settings who have learned http://www.apenet.org/preserves.html
Extractions: ApeNet is helping to establish worldwide preserves to provide permanent homes for enculturated great apes, i.e., apes raised in human settings who have learned to communicate with symbols, such as the gorilla Koko and orangutan Chantek. These apes use sign language, make tools, and make necklaces, paintings and other cultural artifacts. Too often enculturated great apes have not been protected, and some have been placed in zoos or used in biomedical research. The naturalistic preserves would continue to steep the apes in both great ape culture, and human culture and symbols, to provide a bridge for inter-species communication. A key concept is providing the apes expanded agency and choice and cultural surroundings for their enriched care, as they make tools, arts and crafts, and use sign language. The Maui Ape Preserve (MAP), to be established in conjunction with the University of Hawaii, is the first preserve to be supported by ApeNet, creating a global center for inter-species communication, research, education, and conservation, while raising the standard for captive care.
Community Education - University Of Canterbury Can apes Ape? This session outlines research into imitation in juvenile enculturatedchimpanzees and orangutansanimals raised since infancy much as human http://www.cont.canterbury.ac.nz/new/community-education/course.php?course=YCO25
Orangutan Foundation International - Citations And Articles Chantek The Language Ability of an enculturated Orangutan. International conferenceon orangutans The Neglected Ape, Fullerton, California State University. http://www.orangutan.org/links/reflinks.php?id=5
Wishbone Search | For Everything You Wish For And More... Language in Child and Chimp? General commentary on ape language with transcriptsof chats with apes and interviews with ape language researchers. http://directory.wishbone.com/Science/Social_Sciences/Anthropology/Enculturated_
Studies Of Animal Cognition 1993) Imitative learning of actions on objects by children, chimpanzees, and enculturatedchimpanzees. In Language and intelligence in monkeys and apes, eds http://www2.canisius.edu/~gallaghr/animals.html
Extractions: STUDIES OF ANIMAL COGNITION Return to Index Adams-Curtis, L.E. (1987) Social context of manipulative behaviour in Cebus apella. American Journal of Primatology 12:325. Allen, C., " Animal cognition and animal minds Allen, C., and Bekoff, M. (1997) Species of Mind . Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Anderson, J. R. (1983) Responses to mirror image stimulation and assessment of self-recognition in mirror- and peer-reared stumptail macaques. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 35(b):201-212. Beck, B.B. (1976) Tool use by captive pigtaied monkeys. Primates 17:301-310. Beckoff, M., and D. Jameison. (1996). Readings in Animal Cognition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Bennett, J. (1988). Thoughtful brutes. Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 62: 196 - 211. Bickerton, D. (1990) Language and Species. University of Chicago Press. Chalmers, David. 1999. Bibliography on Animal cognition Cheney, D. L., Seyfarth, R. M. (1980) Vocal recognition in free-ranging vervet monkeys. Animal Behaviour 288:362-367. Dasser, V. (1988) A social concept in Java monkeys. Animal Behaviour 36:225-230.
Animal Learning, Language, And Cognition is a twentytwo year old male orangutan who was cross-fostered, enculturated andtaught to foster the development of orangutan and other great ape persons in a http://www.psyking.net/id31_m.htm
Science/Social_Sciences/Anthropology Anthropology is the comparative studyof humankind. To the nonexpert, it may appear to contain aSearch Category http://www.science-and-research.com/Science/Social_Sciences/Anthropology/
Extractions: Anthropology expertise in all the disciplines, most anthropologists still hold that some familiarity with "the four fields" (archaeology, bioanthropology, linguistics, and socioanthropology) is necessary to their work, and that cross-fertilization between the disciplines still benefits anthropology as a science. Science Anthropology Anthropologists
DIRECTORY.SCREENPHONE.NET - Info Booth/Science/Social Sciences DIRECTORY.SCREENPHONE.NET Info Booth/Science/Social Sciences/Anthropology/EnculturatedApes. Search for Search through Entire site. http://directory.screenphone.net/Info_Booth/Science/Social_Sciences/Anthropology
