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Karle Jerome:     more detail

Jerome Karle Solution of the phase problem: 1. The centrosymmetric crystal, by Herbert Hauptman and Jerome Karle (American Crystallographic Association. ACA monograph) by Herbert Aaron Hauptman, 1953 Stereochemical Applications of Gas-Phase Electron Diffraction: A: the Electron Diffraction Technique by Istvan Hargittai, Magdolna Hargittai, 1988-12-31 HAUPTMAN, HERBERT A. (1917- ): An entry from Gale's <i>World of Earth Science</i>

lists with details

41. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Jerome Karle (Physics, Biographies) - Encyclopedia
    AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon jerome karle, Physics, Biographies. jerome karle, Physics, Biographies.  
    http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/K/Karle-Je.html
    
    Extractions: By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z K Related Category: Physics, Biographies Jerome Karle [kArl] Pronunciation Key Manhattan Project before beginning a career at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. There, with Herbert Hauptman , he concentrated his studies on crystalline matter. They were awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of a mathematical model known as the "direct method." Devised in the 1950s and 60s, the innovation greatly improved methods for analyzing three-dimensional molecular structures.

42. History Of Chemistry
    JoliotCurie, Frédéric Joliot-Curie et l’arme atomique, Jean-Frédéric Joliot-Curie,Irène Joliot-Curie, Irene Joliot-Curie jerome karle 1985 Press  
    http://www.chemistrycoach.com/history_of_chemistry.htm
    
    Extractions: The links are organized from most comprehensive to least, except that foreign language links generally appear at the end. Although I have not given information about each link, you can learn a lot by passing the cursor over the link and reading the web address. Kurt Alder Kurt Alder Kurt Alder Kurt Alder ... Sir Humphry Davy; Electricity and Chemical Affinity , Sir Humphry Davy, Sir Humphry Davy Sir Humphry Davy

43. Nobel Prize Winning Chemists
    1984 1986. jerome karle. jerome karle was born in New York City in 1918into a family that had a number of artistic people among its members.  
    http://www.sanbenito.k12.tx.us/district/webpages2002/judymedrano/Nobel Winners/j
    
    Extractions: Nobel Prize Winning Chemists Jerome Karle The Nobel Prize In Chemistry 1985 He was awarded the Nobel Prize In Chemistry in 1985 jointly with Herbert A. Hauptman "for their outstanding achievements in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures." Jerome Karle was born in New York City in 1918 into a family that had a number of artistic people among its members. His mother was an excellent pianist and organist and it was one of her hopes that he would become a professional pianist. He had some modest success, but found at an early age that he had no taste for public performance. On the other hand, he was strongly attracted to science as a lifelong career at an early age. He went to work with the New York State Health Department in Albany. At the time Jerome was in Albany, the fluoridation of drinking water was getting underway. He developed a procedure for determining the amount of fluorine in water supplies that became a standard method. This was his first contribution to science. It was his intention to save enough money while at the Health Department to return to graduate school. This he did, and he entered the Chemistry Department of the University of Michigan in 1940 where he met his wife, Isabella Lugoski, whom he married in 1942, at an adjoining laboratory desk the first day that he went to physical chemistry class. They were both attracted to physical chemistry and took their degrees with Professor Lawrence O. Brockway whose specialty was the investigation of gas-phase molecular structure by means of electron diffraction.

44. Premios Nobel · Libros · Cultura Y Ciencia · Terra
    Translate this page jerome karle. Fecha de nacimiento 1918 País de Nacimiento Estados UnidosPaís de Concesión Estados Unidos. Biografía Nació en Nueva York.  
    http://cultura.terra.es/cac/libros/nobel/portada.cfm?idpersona=512&idpremio=484

45. Event Details - The International Peace Foundation
    The Role of Science and Technology in the Quest for a World at PeaceProf. jerome karle Nobel Laureate for Chemistry, Washington, DC.  
    http://peace-foundation.net.7host.com/event_details.asp?eid=Events_OHMA

46. Jerome Karle
    Translate this page jerome karle (nascido em 1918) Químico cristalográfico norte-americanonascido em New York City, New York, pesquisador da The  
    http://www.sobiografias.hpg.ig.com.br/JeromKar.html

47. Storia Della Chimica. Premi Nobel Per La Chimica: Karle
    Translate this page Theatrum Chemicum. Personae jerome karle. jerome karle. n. 1918.Premio Nobel per la chimica 1985. con Herbert A. Hauptman.  
    http://www.minerva.unito.it/Theatrum Chemicum/NobelChimica/Karle.htm

48. Laboratory For The Structure Of Matter
    NRL code 6030, the Laboratory for the Structure of Matter (LSM), is part of theMaterials Science Directorate. The laboratory is headed by Dr. jerome karle.  
    http://lsm-www.nrl.navy.mil/
    
    Extractions: to the appropriate individual. NRL code 6030, the Laboratory for the Structure of Matter (LSM), is part of the Materials Science Directorate. The laboratory is headed by Dr. Jerome Karle. Dr. Karle, along with Dr. Hauptman (a former NRL employee), won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1985 for work in diffraction theory. The Laboratory for the Structure of Matter has active research programs in: The Laboratory for the Structure of Matter has a variety of specialized facilities to support their programs in structure analyses.

49. Jerome Karle: Awards Won By Jerome Karle
    123Awards hardwork is paid in form of awards. The biggest english dictionary RealDictionary.com. Awards of jerome karle. OTHER-NOBEL, 1985, CHEMISTRY.  
    http://www.123awards.com/artist/1702.asp

50. CAPLEX Nettleksikon Www.caplex.no
    Karloff Karlovy Vary Karlsbad. A, B, C, D, E, F. G, H, I, J, K, L. M,N, O, P, Q, R. S, T, U, V, W, X. Y, Z, Æ, Ø, Å, Artikkel. karle, jerome,f. 1918, am. kjemiker.  
    http://www.caplex.net/web/artikkel/artdetalj.asp?art_id=9317748

51. Environmental Peace
    Professor jerome karle Professor jerome karle won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in1985 for his work with Herbert Hauptman in the development of direct methods  
    http://www.library.utoronto.ca/iip/journal/Profiles/karle.htm
    
    Extractions: Professor Jerome Karle won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1985 for his work with Herbert Hauptman in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures. He believes that degradation of the environment must be brought under control if there is to be a worthwhile and sustainable quality of life for most people.

52. Inventor Of The Week: Archive
    University of Michigan. While at Michigan, she married her fellowchemistry grad student jerome karle. The couple worked briefly  
    http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/karle.html
    
    Extractions: This Week Inventor Archive Inventor Search Inventor of the Week Archive Browse for a different Invention or Inventor X-ray Crystallography Isabella Karle is a true pioneer of physical chemistry, who invented new methods, using first electron and then x-ray diffraction, to study the structure of molecules. Karle was quite a precocious child, whose love of science had, before her 23rd birthday, translated into a BS (1941), MS (1942) and PHD (1944) in physical chemistry from the University of Michigan. While at Michigan, she married her fellow chemistry grad student Jerome Karle. The couple worked briefly on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago (1943), before returning to Ann Arbor, where Isabella became the first female member of the chemistry faculty. In 1946, they transferred together to the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) in Washington, DC. Jerome Karle was using complex mathmatics to develop "direct methods" for analyzing the structure of crystals - work that would later win him the Nobel Prize in chemistry (1985). Isabella Karle began working in chemical analysis by electron diffraction, and invented a superior apparatus to perform the process. However, she also taught herself x-ray crystallography from textbooks, so that she could invent practical applications for her husband's theories, which were being received with some skepticism. In 1963, she published her "Symbolic Addition Procedure," which used x-ray analysis to determine essentially equal-atom crystal and molecular structures.

53. Nobelpreisträger Der Chemie: Biographien
    karle,jerome; Karrer, Paul; Kendrew, John Cowdery; Klug, Aaron; Knowles  
    http://www.infochembio.ethz.ch/links/history_chem_nobel_bio.html

54. 20th Century Year By Year 1985
    HERBERT A., USA, The Medical Foundation of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, b. 1917; and karle,jerome, USA, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, b. 1918 for  
    http://www.multied.com/20th/1985.html

55. Premios Nobel De Química
    karle, jerome. 1986, Herschbach, Dudley R.; Lee, Yuan T.; Polanyi, JohnC.  
    http://fai.unne.edu.ar/biologia/basicos/nobeles/nobelq~1.htm
    
    Extractions: Tema Ganador Hoff, Jacobus Henricus Van't Fischer, Hermann Emil Arrhenius, Svante August Ramsay, Sir William Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Von Moissan, Henri Buchner, Eduard Rutherford, Lord Ernest Ostwald, Wilhelm Wallach, Otto Curie, Marie Grignard, Victor; Sabatier, Paul Werner, Alfred Richards, Theodore William Willstatter, Richard Martin Haber, Fritz Nernst, Walther Hermann Soddy, Frederick Aston, Francis William Pregl, Fritz Zsigmondy, Richard Adolf Svedberg, The Wieland, Heinrich Otto Windaus, Adolf Otto Reinhold Euler-chelpin, Hans Karl August Von; Harden, Sir Arthur Fischer, Hans Bergius, Friedrich; Bosch, Carl Langmuir, Irving Urey, Harold Clayton Joliot, Frederic; Joliot-Curie, Irene Debye, Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Haworth, Sir Walter Norman; Karrer, Paul Kuhn, Richard Butenandt, Adolf Friedrich Johann; Ruzicka, Leopold De Hevesy, George Hahn, Otto Virtanen, Artturi Ilmari Northrop, John Howard; Stanley, Wendell Meredith; Sumner, James Batcheller

56. Center For Computational Science And Engineering / Events
    Some Types of Calculations in Theoretical Chemistry. jerome karle. Laboratory forthe Structure of Matter, Naval Research Laboratory. Washington, DC 203755341.  
    http://mathweb.mathsci.usna.edu/faculty/cse/evc0.htm
    
    Extractions: Laboratory for the Structure of Matter, Naval Research Laboratory Washington, D.C. 20375-5341 Abstract: In the process of X-ray diffraction by crystals used to determine the structure of molecules, both the intensity of each reflection and its associated phase (the position of the X-ray wave oscillation at the crystal plane of diffraction) need to be known to proceed with the analysis. For many years it was thought that the phase value was lost in the experiment. The eventual mathematical solution to the phase problem was in the form of an infinite set of inequalities. The practical solution to the phase problem that allowed the determination of the crystal and molecular structure involved the use of probabilities, "fuzzy logic" and boot strapping in conjunction with the use of several relations derived from the simpler inequalities. Practical examples will be shown and the results of several crystal structure analyses and their implications will be described. Some Types of Calculations in Theoretical Chemistry

57. ClubCaminantes - Premios Nobel - Quimica, El Club De Los Caminantes
    Translate this page karle, jerome (Estados Unidos). Por sus destacados logros en el desarrollode métodos directos para la determinación de estructuras de cristales.  
    http://caminantes.metropoliglobal.com/web/nobel/quimica4.htm

58. The Web
    KarlMarx-Stadt. karle, jerome. Karlfeldt, Erik Axel. Karli. Karloff, Boris. Karkor.Karl. Karl Marx University. Karl-Marx-Stadt. karle, jerome. Karlfeldt, Erik Axel.  
    http://www.slider.com/Enc/K/Ka.htm

59. Isabella Helen Lugoski Karle
    She also met a fellow graduate student there, jerome karle, whom she married in1942. 1944 they both finished their Ph.Ds. University Involvement and Careers.  
    http://www.physics.unl.edu/~fulcrum/women/ikarle.htm
    
    Extractions: Born December 2, 1921 in Detroit, Michigan. Daughter of Polish immigrants, a house painter and seamstress who insisted on formal education. Attended Wayne State University for a semester and was then encouraged to transfer to the University of Michigan. 1941 she graduated and continued on with graduate studies still at Michigan. She also met a fellow graduate student there, Jerome Karle, whom she married in 1942. 1944 they both finished their Ph.D.s. University Involvement and Careers After graduation they both worked on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago. They returned to Michigan where Isabella became the first woman member of the chemistry faculty. 1946 the both transferred to the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington D.C. and have been there ever since. Since 1959 she has headed the X-ray Diffraction Section for the Structure of Matter at the Laboratory.

60. Zeal.com - United States - New - Library - Sciences - Chemistry - Chemists - Oth
    karle, jerome 1985 Nobel Autobiography http//www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1985/karle-autobio.h Read the autobiography of jerome karle, who shared  
    http://zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=554801

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