1. AThe Riemann Hypothesis Here we define, then discuss the Riemann hypothesis. We provide several relatedlinks. The Riemann hypothesis (Another of the Prime Pages resources). http://www.utm.edu/research/primes/notes/rh.html

The Riemann Hypothesis (Another of the Prime Pages ' resources) Home Search Site Largest The 5000 ... Submit primes Summary: When studying the distribution of prime numbers Riemann extended Euler's zeta function (defined just for s with real part greater than one) to the entire complex plane ( sans simple pole at s = 1). Riemann noted that his zeta function had trivial zeros at -2, -4, -6, ... and that all nontrivial zeros were symmetric about the line Re( s The Riemann hypothesis is that all nontrivial zeros are on this line. In 1901 von Koch showed that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to: The Riemann Hypothesis: Euler studied the sum for integers s >1 (clearly (1) is infinite). Euler discovered a formula relating k ) to the Bernoulli numbers yielding results such as and . But what has this got to do with the primes? The answer is in the following product taken over the primes p (also discovered by Euler): Euler wrote this as Riemann later extended the definition of s ) to all complex numbers s (except the simple pole at s =1 with residue one). Euler’s product still holds if the real part of

2. Introdution To The Theory A theory of human evolution which seeks to understand how humans evolved from animals that were similar to the great apes. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/4314/intromhh.html

The Amphibious-Generalist Hypothesis of Human Evolution 'Why are there human beings?' or 'What caused them to evolve?' must be two of the most fundamental questions in science, and indeed form the whole raison d'etre of anthropology. Robert Foley The Amphibious-Generalist Hypothesis seeks to understand how humans evolved from animals that were similar to the great apes. My view is that they were hyper-generalists, adaptable and capable of exploiting different habitats, including aquatic habitats. go to outline of theory

3. Website Has Moved Two Research Fallacies An hypothesis is a specific statement of prediction see inductive research). There is no formal hypothesis, and perhaps the purpose of the study is http://trochim.human.cornell.edu/kb/hypothes.htm

The Web Center for Social Research Methods has moved to www.socialresearchmethods.net Please revise any links to the former addresses: http://trochim.human.cornell.edu/ http://trochim.cornell.edu/ to the new address: www.socialresearchmethods.net Any pages on the old sites are now located at the identical address on the new domain. For instance, the page http://trochim.human.cornell.edu/kb/sampling.htm will now be found at: http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/sampling.htm This move to the new web address should enable a more stable and sustainable web address for the current and future content. Please also note that the Research Methods Knowledge Base, a complete online textbook, has moved as well to this new address. The new home page for the RMKB is now: http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/index.htm I apologize for any difficulties or inconveniences involved in this transition. If you have any questions, suggestions or concerns, please feel free to contact me directly at wmt1@cornell.edu

4. Dinosaures An original, serious and wellargued theory by F.Malmartel explaining dinosaur extinction, especially why dinosaurs disappeared when reptiles survived. http://frederic.malmartel.free.fr/Fin_des_dinosaures/eedinosaures1.htm

Dinosaurs' end, the gravitational hypothesis by F.Malmartel Updated each quarter, at least! Problem's terms: Problems' terms are well known: 65 millions years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died. These animals have been lords of the Earth during more than 200 millions years. Their supremacy was uncontested...until they disappear in a few years! Why and how? Why, only some animals - and plants too -, like dinosaurs disappear? when mammals, birds, insects and above all lots of reptiles stay alive! Why do dinosaurs disappear all at once? Several explanations... All sorts of explanations have been made to explain dinosaurs' end:: epidemic climate change competition with mammals volcanic explosion The most hare-brained one, beloved by the media being:: the meteorite one All wrongs! He is the weak side of all these hypotheses: Why will he stay alive when his cousins die? No one of these theories is able to explain why only dinosaurs disappear, when in the same time more weak, more primitive animals like reptiles do survive! Why do gallimimus ( 27 kg ) or wannanosaurus ( 60 cm ) - disappear when big crocodiles and sharks do survive?

5. Infinite Ink: The Continuum Hypothesis By Nancy McGough History, mathematics, metamathematics, and philosophy of Cantor s Continuum hypothesis. THECONTINUUM hypothesis. Search the Net for continuum hypothesis . http://www.ii.com/math/ch/

mathematics T HE C ONTINUUM H YPOTHESIS By Nancy McGough nm noadsplease.ii.com Overview 1.1 What is the Continuum Hypothesis? 1.2 Current Status of CH Alternate Overview Assumptions, Style, and Terminology 2.1 Assumptions 2.1.1 Audience Assumptions 2.1.2 Mathematical Assumptions 2.2 Style 2.3 Terminology 2.3.1 The Word "continuum" 2.3.2 Ordered Sets 2.3.3 More Terms and Notation Mathematics of the Continuum and CH 3.1 Sizes of Sets: Cardinal Numbers aleph c aleph 3.1.2 CH and GCH 3.1.3 Sample Cardinalities 3.2 Ordering Sets: Ordinal Numbers 3.3 Analysis of the Continuum 3.3.1 Decomposing the Reals 3.3.2 Characterizing the Reals 3.3.3 Characterizing Continuity 3.4 What ZFC Does and Does Not Tell Us About c Metamathematics and CH 4.1 Consistency, Completeness, and Compactness of ... 4.1.1 a Logical System 4.1.2 an Axiomatic Theory 4.2 Models of ... 4.2.1 Real Numbers 4.2.2 Set Theory 4.2.2.1 Inner Models 4.2.2.2 Forcing and Outer Models 4.3 Adding Axioms to Zermelo Fraenkel Set Theory 4.3.1 Axioms that Imply CH or GCH 4.3.1.1 Explicitly Adding CH or GCH 4.3.1.2 V=L: Shrinking the Set Theoretic Universe

6. Hypothesis On MATTER hypothesis on. M A T T E R. Whole of this hypothesis is based on the postulated particles(the quanta of matter), which have definite structure and properties. http://www.geocities.com/matterdoc/

Hypothesis on M A T T E R (A preliminary study) AN ALTERNATIVE CONCEPT By Nainan.K.Varghese ‘Hypothesis on MATTER ’ is a revolutionary new concept, which attempts to explain all physical phenomena based on just one type of fundamental particle - the Quantum of matter The book explains a wide array of physical phenomena, from the origin of matter to gravity and subatomic interactions to cosmological events, based on the simple mechanical interactions of quanta of matter. There is no more any need to invoke irrational assumptions like “diversity of forces, mass-energy equivalence, constancy of light’s speed, distinct natures of electric charges, singularities, big bang, etc ”. This new concept will radically alter our understanding of the physical universe and at the same time, explain complex physical phenomena with simple “Cause and Effect” relationships. TABLE OF CONTENTS: Chapter 1 (HTML) (PDF) INTRODUCTION 1.1. General 1.2. Aim of this text 1.3. Salient features of this hypothesis 1.4. Scope of this text

7. The Riemann Hypothesis The Riemann hypothesis. Spectral Interpretation. One idea for proving the Riemannhypothesis is to give a spectral interpretation of the zeros. http://match.stanford.edu/rh/

The Riemann Hypothesis Spectral Interpretation One idea for proving the Riemann hypothesis is to give a spectral interpretation of the zeros. That is, if the zeros can be interpreted as the eigenvalues of 1/2+iT, where T is a Hermitian operator on some Hilbert space, then since the zeros of a Hermitian operator are real, the Riemann hypothesis follows. This idea was originally put forth by Polya and Hilbert, and serious support for this idea was found in the resemblence between the ``explicit formulae'' of prime number theory, which go back to Riemann and Von Mangoldt, but which were formalized as a duality principle by Weil, on the one hand, and the Selberg trace formula on the other. GUE The best evidence for the spectral interpretation comes from the theory of the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble , which shows that the local behavior of the zeros mimics that of a random Hamiltonian. The link gives a more extended discussion of this topic. Goldfeld Goldfeld gave two spectral interpretations of the zeros of the zeta function; neither of these seems to prove the Riemann hypothesis. For example, in one interpretation, the zeros are eigenvalues of an operator, but it is unclear why the operator should be Hermitian. Connes Abstract: We reduce the Riemann hypothesis for L-functions on a global field k to the validity (not rigorously justified) of a trace formula for the action of the idele class group on the noncommutative space quotient of the adeles of k by the multiplicative group of k.

8. HYPOTHESIS: A Sci-fi Rock Opera A scifi rock opera. http://www.hypothesis-rock-opera.com/

9. The Language Of Thought Hypothesis By Murat Aydede, surveying the arguments for and against the proposition that thoughts are expressed in a mental language. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/language-thought/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z This document uses XHTML-1/Unicode to format the display. Older browsers and/or operating systems may not display the formatting correctly. last substantive content change JUL The Language of Thought Hypothesis The Language of Thought Hypothesis (LOTH) postulates that thought and thinking take place in a mental language. This language consists of a system of representations that is physically realized in the brain of thinkers and has a combinatorial syntax (and semantics) such that operations on representations are causally sensitive only to the syntactic properties of representations. According to LOTH, thought is, roughly, the tokening of a representation that has a syntactic (constituent) structure with an appropriate semantics. Thinking thus consists in syntactic operations defined over such representations. Most of the arguments for LOTH derive their strength from their ability to explain certain empirical phenomena like productivity and systematicity of thought and thinking. 1. What is the Language of Thought Hypothesis?

10. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis The SapirWhorf hypothesis. This version of determinism is widely acceptedtoday. Wilhelm von Humboldt The Weltanschauung hypothesis. http://venus.va.com.au/suggestion/sapir.html

The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis 'He gave man speech, and speech created thought, Which is the measure of the universe' - Prometheus Unbound, Shelley The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis as we know it today can be broken down into two basic principles: linguistic determinism and linguistic relativity Linguistic Determinism: A Definition Linguistic Determinism refers to the idea that the language we use to some extent determines the way in which we view and think about the world around us. The concept has generally been divided into two separate groups - 'strong' determinism and 'weak' determinism. Strong determinism is the extreme version of the theory, stating that language actually determines thought, that language and thought are identical. Although this version of the theory would attract few followers today - since it has strong evidence against it, including the possibility of translation between languages - we will see that in the past this has not always been the case. Weak determinism, however, holds that thought is merely affected by or influenced by our language, whatever that language may be. This version of determinism is widely accepted today. Wilhelm von Humboldt: The 'Weltanschauung' Hypothesis.

11. The Self-Medication Hypothesis A theory of the causation of addictions. This site explores both Khantzian's psychoanalytic model and Duncan's behavioral model of the hypothesis. http://self-med-hypothesis.tripod.com/

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Check out the NEW Hotbot Tell me when this page is updated The Self-Medication Hypothesis Review Khantzian's Model Duncan's Model Newsletter ... Links Welcome to our web site! The purpose of this web site is to provide basic information about the Self-Medication Hypothesis one of the most influential theories of the causation of drug abuse and addictions. The self-medication hypothesis proposes that addiction to alcohol and other drugs results from their use for relief from dysphoria resulting from an underlying disorder or condition such as stress. It was proposed in 1974 in separate publications by Edward J. Khantzian and David F. Duncan. This site is a member of WebRing. To browse visit here The Drug Abuse And Legalization SiteRing This ring owned by TinMan SiteRing by Bravenet.com Please get in touch to offer comments or to join our mailing list. Click here to contact us Unknown Gem Type: tlx.bravenet.counter webmaster: E. D. Achalu ( eachalu@yahoo.co.uk

12. Riemann Hypothesis -- From MathWorld Riemann hypothesis. and Borwein 2003, p. 68). The hypothesis has thusfar resisted all attempts to prove it. In the late 1940s, H http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RiemannHypothesis.html

INDEX Algebra Applied Mathematics Calculus and Analysis Discrete Mathematics ... Alphabetical Index ABOUT THIS SITE About MathWorld About the Author DESTINATIONS What's New MathWorld Headline News Random Entry ... Live 3D Graphics CONTACT Email Comments Contribute! Sign the Guestbook MATHWORLD - IN PRINT Order book from Amazon Calculus and Analysis Complex Analysis General Complex Analysis ... Wedeniwski Riemann Hypothesis First published by Riemann (1859), the Riemann hypothesis states that the nontrivial Riemann zeta function zeros all lie on the " critical line " where denotes the real part of s . While it was long believes that Riemann's hypothesis was the result of deep intuition on the part of Riemann, an examination of his papers by C. L. Siegel showed that Riemann had made detailed numerical calculations of small zeros of the Riemann zeta function to several decimal digits (Granville 2002; Borwein and Borwein 2003, p. 68). The hypothesis has thus far resisted all attempts to prove it. In the late 1940s, H. Rademacher's erroneous proof of the falsehood of Riemann's hypothesis was reported in Time magazine, even after a flaw in the proof had been unearthed by Siegel (Borwein and Bailey 2003, p. 97; Conrey 2003). In 2000, the Clay Mathematics Institute (

13. Body Generalisations of the zeta function might provide a proof of Riemann's hypothesis. http://www.coolissues.com/mathematics/zeta.htm

Some Extended Zeta Functions Provide Easy Proofs of Riemann's Hypothesis James Constant math@coolissues.com While extended zeta functions support investigations of Riemann's hypothesis and estimates for the Prime Number Theorem, some zeta functions offer better prospects for providing easy proofs. Moved to http://www.coolissues.com/mathematics/Zeta/zeta.htm

14. The Vapor Canopy Hypothesis Holds No Water An examination of some of the problems surrounding the vapor/water canopy hypothesis. Jehovah's Witnesses and a number of creationists have claimed that water vapor was held in the upper http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/canopy.html

The Vapor Canopy Hypothesis Holds No Water Paul Farrar Bill Hyde The Vapor Canopy Hypothesis Holds No Water By Paul Farrar In this short and, I hope, simple note I will discuss the physical implications of the often proposed "vapor canopy" explanation for the source of water for Noah's Flood as recorded in "Genesis". Noah's Flood is alleged to have covered the mountains of the earth to a depth of 15 cubits (about 8m). To have covered Mt. Everest it would have required a depth of water of about 9km above sea level. If the flood was only required to cover the mountains in Urartu (Ararat), where Noah's boat is said to have settled, about 5km of water would be needed. The "vapor canopy hypothesis" states that before the flood, the water existed in the atmosphere as water vapor. The flood occurred when this vapor condensed and fell as rain, flooding the earth. The flood subsided later, various explanations being given for where all that water went. First, let us look at atmospheric pressure. For the earth's atmosphere, the pressure is almost exactly hydrostatic, since it is held to the earth by gravity and velocities are too low to significantly change the pressure. In plain language this means that the air pressure at any point is equal to the weight of the air in a unit area column above that point. At sea level, air pressure in US engineering units is about 14.5 pounds/sq inch because a column of air one inch square extending to the top of the atmosphere weighs (Guess what!?) 14.5 pounds. On top of Mt. Everest, the pressure is lower because the lowest and densest 9km of the atmosphere is below that point.

15. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Assembled posts concerned with this issue. http://www.linguistlist.org/topics/sapir-whorf/

The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Item # Date Time Recs Subject 2.572 Whorf and Warning 2.588 Responses: Whorf, Einstein, Change 2.594 Queries: Punjabi, Whorf, Text Analysis 2.603 Whorf and Plurals 2.610 Washing, Whorf and Whenever 2.632 Whorf 2.636 Whorf 2.657 Whorf 2.670 Whorf Part 1 2.671 Whorf Part 2 2.682 Whorf-Sapir Hypothesis 2.687 Goes, ASL, and Whorf 2.700 Whorf 3.063 Queries: Sapir, Toponymy, Exclusive "We", Non-visual Aids 3.98 Responses: Assistance for Blind, Sapir 3.279 FYI: Job, SAPIR, Page Printer 5.142 Calls: IAL, Language And Classroom, Whorf 5.1322 Sapir-Whorf 5.1449 Sapir-Whorf, Words for snow 5.1467 Qs: Sapir-Whorf, Nominalizations, Metaling, Lang/Anthropoidea 6.1112, Qs: Sapir-Whorf, Phrase identification, Yiddish 6.1149, Disc: Sapir-Whorf and what to tell students these days 7.181, Qs: Whorf, Urdu, Metaphors, Transcript 7.481, Qs: Ordinal numerals, Philippines, Sapir-Whorf, Thou and you 7.538, Sum: Reading after Whorf's "Language, Mind and Reality" 8.396, Calls: Informatics, Humboldt/Whorf, Lang acq 8.448, Calls: German ling, Humboldt and Whorf 8.1290, Qs: Learning, Syntax, Whorf

16. The Gaia Hypothesis The Gaia hypothesis. Another example of how science works is a revolutionaryhypothesis first proposed by an atmospheric chemist the the late 70s. http://www.oceansonline.com/gaiaho.htm

The Gaia Hypothesis The last half of this century witnessed incredible leaps in our understanding of planet Earth. Beyond the technological achievements, these decades have produced a substantial body of evidence in support of a revolutionary hypothesis, first posed by Alfred Wegener in the early 1900s, that the continents move around the planet, like ice cubes in a glass. The theory of plate tectonics, as it is now known, embodies a century or more of scientific research, bringing together the efforts of oceanographers, geophysicists, climatologists, palenotologists and more. It represents to my mind what the scientific method is all about and provides an awesome example of how science works. Another example of how science works is a revolutionary hypothesis first proposed by an atmospheric chemist the the late 70s. This hypothesis, known as the Gaia Hypothesis, states that the Earth is alive. While perhaps agreeable to many an artistic or spiritual soul, the very statement of the hypothesis rankled some scientists. Still, two decades later, the Gaia Hypothesis is still with us. Whether the Gaia Hypothesis will stand the test of time is uncertain. But its impact on how we think of our planet, how we view the processes that create our atmosphere and climate and oceans and even the mountains is unmistakable.

17. Body A claimed proof of Riemann's hypothesis. http://www.coolissues.com/mathematics/riemann.htm

PROOF OF RIEMANN'S HYPOTHESIS James Constant math@coolissues.com Riemann's hypothesis is proved using Riemann's functional equation. moved to http://www.coolissues.com/mathematics/Riemann/riemann.htm

18. Riemann Hypothesis From MathWorld Riemann hypothesis from MathWorld First published by Riemann (1859), the Riemann hypothesis states that the nontrivial Riemann zeta function zeros all lie on the "critical line" \sigma=\Res=1 http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RiemannHypothesis.

19. Observations On The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis: Draft Contents Draft exploration of the value of the hypothesis. Includes general overview as well as detailed consideration of how the hypothesis is employed in contemporary studies. http://homepages.which.net/~gk.sherman/gaaaaabe.htm

Human ecology Language Observations on the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Draft Introduction Uses of the SWH Classifications of the SWH (Reworked below) Does the SWH have anything useful to say to science? Classification above, but relating more to the question? Links at this site... Links to other sites... Created 15/11/99 Last modified 4/2/00

20. MLA Research Section Newsletter - Hypothesis hypothesis ( ISSN 10935665) is the official journal of the Research Section of MLA will be accepted in other formats. hypothesis is indexed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and http://gain.mercer.edu/mla/research/hypothesis.html

HYPOTHESIS (ISSN 1093-5665) is the official journal of the Research Section of MLA . It is published three times a year by the Section: Spring (March), Summer (July/August) and Fall (November). Items to be included should be sent to the Editor by the 15th of the preceding month (i.e., February 15th for Spring, June 15th for Summer, October 15th for Fall). Copy is preferred by e-mail, but will be accepted in other formats. HYPOTHESIS is indexed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the The files you will be retrieving are in PDF format and are viewable only with the . The software is free from Adobe, Inc. and includes documentation for installation. Volume 18, Number 1, Spring 2004 [176 KB] Volume 17, Number 3, Fall 2003 [174 KB] Volume 17, Number 2, Summer 2003 [156 KB] Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 2003 [255 KB] Volume 16, Number 3, Fall 2002 [753 KB] Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002 [674 KB] Volume 16, Number 1, Spring 2002 [650 KB] Volume 15, Number 3, Fall 2001 [671 KB] Volume 15, Number 2, Summer 2001

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