1. Memetics memory. memetics the theoretical and empirical science that studiesthe replication, spread and evolution of memes. memetics. Meme http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/MEMES.html

Memetics Meme: an information pattern, held in an individual's memory, which is capable of being copied to another individual's memory. Memetics: the theoretical and empirical science that studies the replication, spread and evolution of memes Cultural evolution, including the evolution of knowledge , can be modelled through the same basic principles of variation and selection that underly biological evolution . This implies a shift from genes as units of biological information to a new type of units of cultural information: memes A meme is a cognitive or behavioral pattern that can be transmitted from one individual to another one. Since the individual who transmitted the meme will continue to carry it, the transmission can be interpreted as a replication : a copy of the meme is made in the memory of another individual, making him or her into a carrier of the meme. This process of self-reproduction (the memetic life-cycle ), leading to spreading over a growing group of individuals, defines the meme as a replicator, similar in that respect to the gene (Dawkins, 1976; Moritz, 1991). Dawkins listed the following three characteristics for any successful replicator: copying-fidelity: the more faithful the copy, the more will remain of the initial pattern after several rounds of copying. If a painting is reproduced by making photocopies from photocopies, the underlying pattern will quickly become unrecognizable.

2. Meme Central - Memes, Memetics, And Mind Virus Resource Memes are the DNA of human society, influencing every aspect of mind, behavior, and culture. Do you know your own memes? Richard Brodie, creator of Microsoft Word and author of the bestselling to http://www.memecentral.com/

Search this site! Match ALL words Match ANY word by FreeFind Meme Central Welcome to Meme Central, the center of the world of memetics. Memes are contagious ideas, all competing for a share of our mind in a kind of Darwinian selection. As memes evolve, they become better and better at distracting and diverting us from whatever we'd really like to be doing with our lives. They are a kind of Drug of the Mind. Confused? Blame it on memes. Quick Tour: Subscribe to my free newsletter, Meme Update Start reading my book Virus of the Mind: the New Science of the Meme ... about memetics. Memetics FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) How do you pronounce "meme"? "Meem" (rhymes with "dream") What is a meme? Memes are the basic building blocks of our minds and culture, in the same way that genes are the basic building blocks of biological life. The breakthrough in memetics is in extending Darwinian evolution to culture. There are several exciting conclusions from doing that, one of which is the ability to predict that ideas will spread not because they are "good ideas", but because they contain "good memes" such as danger, food and sex that push our evolutionary buttons and force us to pay attention to them. Who invented memes?

3. HansCees.com The Evolution and Philosophy section discusses evolution in biology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, and memetics. http://www.hanscees.com

Home Memetics Evolution Hate Pages ... Journal of Memetics Fashinating thoughts Get to Know Linux Linux commands compiling, c and libs Then LINUX is better than windows Exchange Functionality for Linux ... Online Tree guide Common Dutch trees; photoshoot in Nijmegen, Weezenhof Just pretty photos Tantalizing Details Holland is beautifull Garter Snakes mantellas ... Tricolor-Tiny Frogs Hans-Cees Speel's (Drs.)homepage This is the central point of my website : the home-page. On this page I discuss what has kept and is keeping me busy. You can navigate by the button-bar on the leftto my CV, contact-information, my phd-topic, and see where I currently work. The boxes on the right will lead you to the journal of memetics, some linux topics and a number of photo pages. The photopages are either about something: (pet-snakes and frogs anbd a tree-guide) or just about how beautifull photos can be. My tree-guide is an attempt to show how to recognise trees, but in a diffenrent way. I try to show a lot of detail but also much variety within a species. For some time the photo-pages will be ungoing work though:-( The top-button bar takes you to pages on more general topics that interest me: On the academic side memetics (evolution of ideas and habits, but see a better definition there) and evolutionary theory (and philosophy of evolutionary theory). The other pages are less theoretic: my linux pages with various topics. The democratic/civilization page and the hate pages are about what makes me angry. I hope my pages are usefull for some!

4. Journal Of Memetics - Evolutionary Models Of Information Transmission Peerreviewed e-journal dedicated, in general, to the evolution of cultural behaviors and, more specifically, to evolutionary models of information transmission. http://jom-emit.cfpm.org/

Latest Complete Issue Emerging Issue Index of all full papers Index of all Issues ... EMIT Ancilliary Information: About the journal: aims, scope, editors, etc. Practical questions about JoM- EMIT Information for authors ... Memetics discussion list Other: A brief overview and history of memetics A bibliography of memetics A lexicon of memetics at the Principia Cybernetica Project Links to sites related to memetics ... Other on-line publications on memetics Sponsored by the Centre for Policy Modelling , and the Prinicipia Cybernetica Project ISSN 1366-4786

5. Memetics Papers On The Web An index of online papers and articles about meme theory. http://users.lycaeum.org/~sputnik/Memetics/

Memetics publications on the web: This site uses QBullets to mark links: This is an "http" link to an external web site This is a "mailto" link that will pop up an email form This links to a plain text file This links to a file hosted at this site Also, names in green mark frequently-cited authors, and green asterisks ( ) mark frequently-cited works A Critique and Defense of Memesis Memesis Symposium (1996): "As of today memetics is very far from fulfilling the requirements of a science. But I think it is just a matter of time before most of these problems have been resolved." Antomarini, Brunella Speel, Hans-Cees Questions and Answers about Memetics MONTAG (1996): Five questions and answers about memes, translated from an Italian book series. Aunger, Robert A Report On The Conference "Do Memes Account For Culture?" Held At King's College, Cambridge JOM:EMIT Aunger, Robert Culture Vultures The Sciences (1999): A review of Blackmore's The Meme Machine B Baldassarre, Gianluca Cultural evolution of "guiding criteria" and behaviour in a population of neural-network agents JOM:EMIT (2001): "This work presents a computational model that investigates the nature and function of some forms of "guiding criteria" in the cultural evolution of a population of agents that learn and adapt to the environment using neural networks."

6. Memetics Cultural Sphere. memetics. memetics is the study of ideas and concepts viewed as "living" organisms, capable of reproduction and evolution in an "Ideosphere" (similar to the Biosphere) consisting of http://www.aleph.se/Trans/Cultural/Memetics

Transhuman Page Cultural Sphere Memetics Memetics is the study of ideas and concepts viewed as "living" organisms, capable of reproduction and evolution in an " Ideosphere " (similar to the Biosphere) consisting of the collective of human minds. Memes reproduce by spreading to new hosts, who will spread them further (typical examples are jokes, catchphrases or politicial ideas). At present memetics is somewhat controversial. Partly this is due to misunderstandings about what it means, leading to claims that it excludes human free will, creativity and progress, and that it is bad science. This will likely change in time, as the field matures. Sections Memetic Theory Examples of memetics Debate Individual Memes ... See Also Memetic Theory Viruses of the Mind by Richard Dawkins Journal of Memetics: Evolutionary Models of Information Transmission . A peer-reviewed academic net-journal of memetics. Memetics: On a conceptual framework for cultural evolution by Hans-Cees Speel. How memetics as a topic can help to integrate ideas from different disciplines

7. Memetics http://www.uio.no/~mwatz/memetics

8. Alt.memetics Bibliography alt.memetics bibliography. Latest update March 19, 2002 Dawkins, R. (1989) The Selfish Gene (2nd edition) Two additional chapters on memetics. http://maxwell.lucifer.com/virus/alt.memetics/faq.html

alt.memetics bibliography Latest update: March 19, 2002 Additions are still welcome. Also, there is lots of room in this directory for valuable information (excerpts, abstracts, annotations, etc.) to be hyperlinked to the bibliography. Mail to David McFadzean These fine persons helped compose the list so far. Memetics on the internet alt.memetics archives Alexander, R.D. (1979) "Darwinism and Human Affairs" (Seattle, University of Washington Press) Alexander, R.D. (1987) "The Biology of Moral Systems" (New York, Aldine de Gruyter) Altenberg, L. (1984) "A Generalization of Theory on the Evolution of Modifier Genes" (PhD thesis Stanford University, available from University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, MI) A model of the cultural evolution of memes that control the transmission of other memes, with the result that in a population near equilibrium for cultural traits that affect individual survival, memes for traditionalism (i.e. faithful transmission of other memes) will prevail. "The Origins of Knowledge" (expected later this year)

9. Memetics A weblog dedicated to science, philosophy, education and freedom. infofilter. Home. memetics. Search WWW Search None consciousness. entheogens. gen. science. memetics. philosophy. physics. echalon. misc http://www.drmenlo.com/abuddha/memetics.html

a b u d d h a s m e m e s infofilter Home M e m e t i c s Search WWW Search None subject consciousness entheogens gen. science memetics philosophy physics echalon misc. While Darwinizing Culture provided scientific validity for industrial age genocide, I think we are now either headed for the endplay of cultural Darwinism as represented by capitalist scientism ( A Short History of the Metameme ), or the beginning of an age of transcultural humanism informing the ethical appropriation of scientific understanding. "Dan Dennett has argued that Darwin's "dangerous idea" is an abstract algorithm, often called the "replicator dynamic". This dynamic consists of repeated iterations of selection from among randomly mutating replicators according to some criterion. Replicators, in turn, are units of information with the ability to reproduce themselves using resources from some material substrate." Reflexive Ethnographic Science (a proposed book) "As a contribution to a scientific cultural anthropology, it constitutes a foil to those in cultural studies and related fields who deride the possibility of verifiable ethnographic representations. Instead, it points the way toward a unique combination of traditional and post-modern objectives in effect, a reflexive ethnographic science." Robert Aunger, author of the above article, has an abiding interest in testing the memetic model within cultural anthropology.

10. Memetic Scienc: General Introduction Discussions of the quantitative analysis of cultural transfer, with focus on creativity, memes, replicators, language, ideas, evolution, computers, viruses, knowledge, artificial intelligence, brain and the mind. http://databank.oxydex.com/m2.html

Page Sponsors and Useful Links Related Books (in alphabetical order) Great Minds a reason for inquiry ... The Meme Machine by Susan J. Blackmore, Richard Dawkins. Thought Contagion : How Belief Spreads Through Society by Aaron Lynch. Virus of the Mind : The New Science of the Meme by Richard Brodie. Additional Readings Journal of Ideas (description) Databank Informatorium Resource Links Principia Cybernetica Journal of Memetics (Online) Cited Authors: K. Eric Drexler Engines of Creation Nanosystems : Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation Richard Dawkins The Selfish Gene The Extended Phenotype : The Long Reach of the Gene (Popular Science) The Meme Machine Unweaving the Rainbow: Science, Delusion, and the Appetite for Wonder ... Climbing Mount Improbable E. O. Wilson and C. Lumsden Sociobiology: The New Synthesis, Twenty-fifth Anniversary Edition (this book, despite all the hoopla - really moved the debate forward) Promethean Fire: Reflections on the Origin of Mind Sociobiology: The Abridged Edition Consilience : The Unity of Knowledge On Human Nature ... There's a Hair in My Dirt! : A Worm's Story Douglas Hofstatder Godel, Escher, Bach : An Eternal Golden Braid

11. Links On Evolutionary Theory And Memetics Links on Evolutionary Theory and memetics. Evolutionary Philosophy andTheory. Without MiraclesUniversal memetics. Journal of memetics http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/EVOMEMLI.html

Links on Evolutionary Theory and Memetics Evolutionary Philosophy and Theory Without Miracles:Universal Selection Theory and the Second Darwinian Revolution , a book by Gary Cziko Gary Cziko's and Donald T. Campbell's extensive bibliography of Selection Theory and Evolutionary Epistemology including a list of quotes H.C. Speel's page on Evolution, Complexity and Philosophy University of Vienna Dep. of Theoretical Biology , with research on systems theory of evolution, alife, constructivism, cognition and evolutionary epistemology John Wilkins' Evolution and Philosophy and his older Evolutionary Philosophy page John Jay Kineman's theory of autoevolution Biological Evolution and History of Evolution Catalog of Information about Evolution on WWW Evolutionary/Geological Timeline the full text of Darwin's " Origin of Species the History of Evolutionary thought at the Museum of Paleontology (hypermedia exhibit at UC Berkeley) Ecology and Evolution archive (gopher) a review article on the theory of Punctuated Equilibria Center for the Study of Evolution and the Origin of Life newsgroup sci.bio.evolution

12. ``Memes, The New Replicators'' The text that started off the science of memetics. http://www.rubinghscience.org/memetics/dawkinsmemes.html

http://www.rubinghscience.org/memetics/dawkinsmemes.html Dec. 1999 Chapter 11 from Richard Dawkins, ``The Selfish Gene'' [ First published 1976; 1989 edition: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-286092-5 (paperback) ], the best short introduction to, and the text that kicked off, the new science of MEMETICS (and, also, the text where Dawkins coined the term ` meme The following, key, paragraph of this chapter may perhaps serve as an abstract: The notes (1), (2), ... are from the 1989 edition. Highlights ** and text in square brackets are not original. 11. Memes: the new replicators So far, I have not talked much about man in particular, though I have not deliberately excluded him either. Part of the reason I have used the term `survival machine' is that `animal' would have left out plants and, in some people's minds, humans. The arguments I have put forward should, prima facie, apply to any evolved being. If a species is to be excepted, it must be for good reasons. Are there any good reasons for supposing our own species to be unique ? I believe the answer is yes. Most of what is unusual about man can be summed up in one word: `culture'. I use the word not in its snobbish sense, but as a scientist uses it. Cultural transmission is analogous to genetic transmission in that, although basically conservative, it can give rise to a form of evolution. Geoffrey Chaucer could not hold a conversation with a modern Englishman, even though they are linked to each other by an unbroken chain of some twenty generations of Englishmen, each of whom could speak to his immediate neighbours in the chain as a son speaks to his father. Language seems to `evolve' by non-genetic means, and at a rate which is orders of magnitude faster than genetic evolution.

13. Memetics Papers On The Web An index of hundreds of free, online papers and articles about meme theory memetics publications on the web 1996) "As of today memetics is very far from fulfilling the requirements of a science http://www.lycaeum.org/~sputnik/Memetics

Memetics publications on the web: This site uses QBullets to mark links: This is an "http" link to an external web site This is a "mailto" link that will pop up an email form This links to a plain text file This links to a file hosted at this site Also, names in green mark frequently-cited authors, and green asterisks ( ) mark frequently-cited works A Critique and Defense of Memesis Memesis Symposium (1996): "As of today memetics is very far from fulfilling the requirements of a science. But I think it is just a matter of time before most of these problems have been resolved." Antomarini, Brunella Speel, Hans-Cees Questions and Answers about Memetics MONTAG (1996): Five questions and answers about memes, translated from an Italian book series. Aunger, Robert A Report On The Conference "Do Memes Account For Culture?" Held At King's College, Cambridge JOM:EMIT Aunger, Robert Culture Vultures The Sciences (1999): A review of Blackmore's The Meme Machine B Baldassarre, Gianluca Cultural evolution of "guiding criteria" and behaviour in a population of neural-network agents JOM:EMIT (2001): "This work presents a computational model that investigates the nature and function of some forms of "guiding criteria" in the cultural evolution of a population of agents that learn and adapt to the environment using neural networks."

14. Journal Of Memetics - Evolutionary Models Of Information Transmission Ancilliary Information About the journal aims, scope, editors, etc. Practical questions about JoMEMIT. Information for authors. Announcements mailing list. memetics discussion list. Other A brief http://cfpm.org/jom-emit

Latest Complete Issue Emerging Issue Index of all full papers Index of all Issues ... EMIT Ancilliary Information: About the journal: aims, scope, editors, etc. Practical questions about JoM- EMIT Information for authors ... Memetics discussion list Other: A brief overview and history of memetics A bibliography of memetics A lexicon of memetics at the Principia Cybernetica Project Links to sites related to memetics ... Other on-line publications on memetics Sponsored by the Centre for Policy Modelling , and the Prinicipia Cybernetica Project ISSN 1366-4786

15. A Brief Overview And History Of Memetics A Brief Overview and History of memetics. memetics and Related EvolutionaryApproaches. We see the memetic approach as an evolutionary one. http://jom-emit.cfpm.org/overview.html

Journal of Memetics Evolutionary Models of Information Transmission http://jom-emit.cfpm.org/overview.html A Brief Overview and History of Memetics The History of the Memetic Approach Memetics and Related Evolutionary Approaches Some Key References Back to JoM-EMIT Home The History of the Memetic Approach At least since the early seventies several authors have tried to adopt the principle of evolution by selection to understand the continuous change in cultural behaviors (Boyd , Calvin , Campbel , Cloak ). Richard Dawkins popularized the memetic approach. He coined the term 'meme' as an analog to the biological unit of inheritance, the gene or the genetic replicator (Dawkins ). The rather simple distinction between genetic replicators as 'genes' on the one hand, opposed to all non-genetic replicators as 'memes' has been firmly imprinted in the evolutionary thinking about cultural information (Dennett , Hofstadter , Hull , Lynch , Westoby ). Since its initial conception, the term 'meme' has been used under very different meanings and in very different contexts, infecting a wide variety of disciplines. Among the most known are Dennett , who sees the human mind as being built up with memes comparable to the programming of a computer. Hull

16. Journal Of Memetics - Evolutionary Models Of Information Transmission A peerreviewed academic journal discussing views and research in memetics. http://www.cpm.mmu.ac.uk/jom-emit/

Latest Complete Issue Emerging Issue Index of all full papers Index of all Issues ... EMIT Ancilliary Information: About the journal: aims, scope, editors, etc. Practical questions about JoM- EMIT Information for authors ... Memetics discussion list Other: A brief overview and history of memetics A bibliography of memetics A lexicon of memetics at the Principia Cybernetica Project Links to sites related to memetics ... Other on-line publications on memetics Sponsored by the Centre for Policy Modelling , and the Prinicipia Cybernetica Project ISSN 1366-4786

17. Memetic Science A General Introduction The paper presents a foundation for discussion of memes. It argues that recombinant memetics is possible in complete analogy to recombinant DNA / genetic engineering. http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/3123/ms2.html

MEMETIC SCIENCE : I - GENERAL INTRODUCTION Elan Moritz The Institute For Memetic Research P.O. Box 16327, Panama City, Florida 32406 Received April 23, 1990 elan@omega23.com Abstract Memes and Replicators - An Informal Introduction In 1987 a book called "Engines of Creation" (EOC) authored by K. Eric Drexler appeared. EOC primarily espouses Drexler's vision of nanotechnology, a technology of human-designed molecule-sized machines, which is based on the concept of replicators which are entities that generate copies of themselves. There are all kinds of replicators around us, the most rigorously (but not necessarily, fully) understood replicators are RNA and DNA molecules. Attention was drawn to a special kind of replicator that Drexler loosely termed mental-replicators. The ideas of replicators and mental-replicators were first articulated in a systematic fashion by Richard Dawkins in his landmark book "The Selfish Gene" (TSG) and later, in more technical detail, in "The Extended Phenotype" (TEP). In TSG Dawkins coined the word "meme" (pronounced 'meem' to rhyme with cream) to describe a unit of cultural transmission or imitation.

18. Alt.memetics Resources alt.memetics. last updated May 5, 1997. What is a meme?" Informal definitions. memetics on the Internet. Online available articles, web-pages. Bibliography assembled by the newsgroup. alt.memetics http://www.lucifer.com/virus/alt.memetics

Virus! FAQ alt.memetics last updated: May 5, 1997 Memetics is the theory of cultural replicators, based on Daniel Dennett 's philosophy-of-mind and the sociobiology of Richard Dawkins . Memetics postulates the meme as the fundamental replicating unit in social evolution , a process which is treated as technically equivalent to biological (genetic) evolution. This concept is discussed in the alt.memetics newsgroup. "What is a meme?" Informal definitions Memetics on the Internet . On-line available articles, web-pages. Bibliography assembled by the newsgroup alt.memetics archives . Selected threads July 1994 - June 1995. Memetics on the Internet Introductions Francis Heylighen: Memetics (Principia Cybernetica Web) James Tilton: Memes, Catchphrase of a New Generation! Glenn Grant: Memes: Introduction Peter Vajk: Memetics: the nascent science of ideas and their transmission On-line texts David Brin: The New Meme Luc Claeys: Behavior of Information Richard Dawkins: Viruses of the Mind Mike Godwin: Meme, Counter-meme Ron Hale-Evans: Memetics: A Systems Metabiology Joe Formoso: Memes, and Grinning Idiot Press

19. The Selfish Text: The Bible And Memetics THE SELFISH TEXT THE BIBLE AND memetics. Indeed, the practitioners of memeticshave erected some pretty formidable filters to debar any such questions. http://users.lycaeum.org/~sputnik/Memetics/bible.html

THE SELFISH TEXT: THE BIBLE AND MEMETICS The Bible into Culture Colloquium, Sheffield 9-12 April 1997 Hugh S. Pyper Dept of Theology and Religious Studies University of Leeds Simply in terms of the number of copies currently in existence, the Bible represents one of the most successful texts ever produced. Whereas other great texts of the ancient world have either been lost or else exist only in a relatively small number of copies, the Bible is ubiquitous. It exists in over two thousand different languages and in many of those languages it exists in multiple translations. Something identifiable with the Bible in its present form has existed for nearly two millennia. If 'survival of the fittest' has any validity as a slogan, then the Bible seems a fair candidate for the accolade of the fittest of texts. According to the collective authors of The Postmodern Bible , it is a 'truism' that the bible has exerted more influence on Western culture than any other book (The Bible and Culture Collective 1995: 1). In art, literature, politics and religion, biblical thought-forms, narratives and quotations are all-pervasive. As Western culture becomes globalised, so too does the bible. It is said that between a quarter and a third of all Japanese households possess a bible, in a country where only one or two percent of the population have any Christian adherence. This is because it is regarded as essential background for a proper understanding of Western culture. One effect of the spread of western culture through trade, conquest as well as missionary activity has been the spread of a collection of ancient Hebrew and Greek texts to every corner of the globe. Where Western culture goes, the bible goes too.

20. Robert Aunger's Home Page Biological anthropologist at the University of Cambridge with interests in human cultural evolution, memes and memetics. Features his studies of food taboos among pygmy foragers and horticulturalists in the Ituri Forest of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. http://www.cus.cam.ac.uk/~rva20/

Senior Lecturer in Evolutionary Public Health Hygiene Centre London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Keppel Street London WC1E 7HT ENGLAND bob@robertaunger.net

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