21. Eugene Paul Wigner, November 17, 1902 — January 1, 1995 | By Frederick Seitz, E Courtesy of Atoms for Peace Awards, Inc. eugene Paul wigner. November 17, 1902 January 1, 1995 eugene wigner WAS A towering leader of modern physics for more than half of http://www.nap.edu/html/biomems/ewigner.html

BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS National Academy of Sciences Courtesy of Atoms for Peace Awards, Inc. Eugene Paul Wigner By Frederick Seitz, Erich Vogt, and Alvin M. Weinberg EUGENE WIGNER WAS A towering leader of modern physics for more than half of the twentieth century. While his greatest renown was associated with the introduction of symmetry theory to quantum physics and chemistry, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for 1963, his scientific work encompassed an astonishing breadth of science, perhaps unparalleled during his time. In preparing this memoir, we have the impression we are attempting to record the monumental achievements of half a dozen scientists. There is the Wigner who demonstrated that symmetry principles are of great importance in quantum mechanics; who pioneered the application of quantum mechanics in the fields of chemical kinetics and the theory of solids; who was the first nuclear engineer; who formulated many of the most basic ideas in nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry; who was the prophet of quantum chaos; who served as a mathematician and philosopher of science; and the Wigner who was the supervisor and mentor of more than forty Ph.D. students in theoretical physics during his career of over four decades at Princeton University. His legacy also resides in the many concepts and phenomena that bear his name. There is, for example, the Wigner-Eckart theorem for the addition of angular momenta, the Wigner effect in nuclear reactors, the Wigner correlation energy, as well as the Wigner crystal in solids, the Wigner force, the Breit-Wigner formula in nuclear physics, and the Wigner distribution in the quantum theory of chaos.

22. The Hungary Page- Eugene Wigner: Nobel Laureate, Father Of Nuclear Engineering Copyright (c)1997, All Rights Reserved. eugene wigner. ( 1902 1995 See wigner Bio at the History of Mathematics Archive at the University of St http://www.hungary.org/users/hipcat/wigner.htm

Eugene Wigner Co-developed the atomic bomb and is known as the Father of Nuclear Engineering See Wigner Bio at the History of Mathematics Archive at the University of St. Andrews or See Wigner Bio at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. If you have additional photos or more biographical information on these or other famous Hungarians, please contribute!

23. Creative Quotations From Eugene Wigner (1902-1995) eugene wigner in quotations to inspire creative thinking Creative Quotations from . . . eugene wigner. ( 19021995) born on Nov 3 Search millions of documents for eugene wigner. Creative Hats http://www.creativequotations.com/one/1475.htm

CQHome Search CQ CQ Indexes CQ E-books ... creative Creative Quotations from . . . Eugene Wigner 1902-1995) born on Nov 3 Hungarian-US physicist. He was the joint winner, with Jensen and Mayer, of the Nobel Prize, 1963, for extensive work on quantum mechanics. Search millions of documents for Eugene Wigner Creative Hats Tshirts African Cichlids Physics is becoming so unbelievably complex that it is taking longer and longer to train a physicist. It takes so long to train a physicist to the place where he understands the nature of physical problems that he is already too old to solve them. It is nice to know that the computer understands the problem. But I would like to understand it too. [While] solipsism may be logically consistent with present quantum mechanics, monism in the sense of materialism is not. The simplicities of natural laws arise through the complexities of the language we use for their expression. The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences Published Sources for Quotations Above: F: R: http://www.chem.columbia.edu/~gezelter/quotes/wigner.html

24. Wigner Biography of wigner (19021995) eugene Paul wigner. Born 17 Nov 1902 in Budapest, Hungary The Hungarian version of eugene Paul wigner's name was Jenó Pál wigner http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Wigner.html

Eugene Paul Wigner Born: 17 Nov 1902 in Budapest, Hungary Died: 1 Jan 1995 in Princeton, New Jersey, USA Click the picture above to see three larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index The Hungarian version of Eugene Paul Wigner From the time he was five years old Wigner was given private tuition at home. When he was ten years old he entered an elementary school but about a year after he began his studies at the school he was told that he had tuberculosis. The cure was to be found in sending him to a sanatorium in Breitenstein in Austria and he spent six weeks there before being told that the diagnosis had been wrong and that he had never had tuberculosis. However, one advantage of his six weeks was that he began to think about mathematical problems [13]:- I had to lie on a deck chair for days on end, and I worked terribly hard on constructing a triangle if the three altitudes are given. In 1915 Wigner entered the Lutheran High School in Budapest. Here he met John von Neumann who was in the class below him. However he wrote [8]:-

25. Physics 1963 eugene Paul wigner, Maria GoeppertMayer, J. Hans D. Jensen. 1/2 of the prize, 1/4 of the prize, 1/4 of the prize. USA, USA, Federal Republic of Germany. http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1963/

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 "for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles" "for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure" Eugene Paul Wigner Maria Goeppert-Mayer J. Hans D. Jensen 1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize USA USA Federal Republic of Germany Princeton University Princeton, NJ, USA University of California La Jolla, CA, USA University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany b. 1902 (in Budapest, Hungary) d. 1995 b. 1906 (in Kattowitz, then Germany) d. 1972 b. 1907 d. 1973 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 Presentation Speech Eugene Wigner Biography ... Nobel Lecture The 1963 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Peace Find a Laureate: SITE FEEDBACK CONTACT TELL A FRIEND Last modified June 24, 2003 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

26. Wigner, Eugene Paul --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia wigner, eugene Paul Britannica Student Encyclopedia. To cite this page MLA style wigner, eugene Paul. Britannica Student Encyclopedia. 2004. http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article?eu=338986&query=maria goeppert mayer&ct=eb

27. Wigner, Eugene (Paul) wigner, eugene Paul (19021995). Hungarian-born US physicist who introduced the notion of parity, or symmetry theory, into nuclear http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/W/Wigner/1.html

Wigner, Eugene Paul Hungarian-born US physicist who introduced the notion of parity, or symmetry theory, into nuclear physics, showing that all nuclear processes should be indistinguishable from their mirror images. For this and other work on nuclear structure, he shared the 1963 Nobel Prize for Physics. The Wigner effect is a rapid rise in temperature in a nuclear reactor pile when, under particle bombardment, such materials as graphite deform, swell, then suddenly release large amounts of energy. This was the cause of the fire at the British Windscale plant 1957. Educated at the Lutheran Gymnasium in Budapest, Wigner took up postgraduate studies in Berlin where he was present at Albert Einstein's seminars in the 1920s. He emigrated to the USA in 1930, and became a US citizen 1937. He was one of the scientists who persuaded President Roosevelt to commit the USA to developing the atom bomb. In 1960, he was awarded the Atoms for Peace Award, in recognition of his vigorous support for the peaceful use of atomic energy. He taught as a professor of mathematics at Princeton University for 40 years until his retirement 1971.

28. Eugene P. Wigner Winner Of The 1963 Nobel Prize In Physics eugene P. wigner, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. eugene P. wigner. 1963 Nobel Laureate in Physics submitted by hipcat) eugene wigner Biography( submitted by Chinnappan Baskar) eugene P. wigner Nobel Lecture http://www.almaz.com/nobel/physics/1963a.html

E UGENE P W IGNER 1963 Nobel Laureate in Physics for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles. Background Place of Birth: Budapest, Hungary Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ Featured Internet Links Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Obituary An award from Rev. Sun Myung Moon Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Nobel Prize Winners and Famous Hungarians (submitted by hipcat Eugene Wigner – Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar Eugene P. Wigner - Nobel Lecture (submitted by Davis) The Limits of Science - Eugene P. Wigner (submitted by Jackson) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

29. MSN Encarta - Wigner, Eugene Paul Already a subscriber? Sign in above. wigner, eugene Paul. wigner Find more about wigner, eugene Paul from, Other Features from Encarta. Search http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761555154/Wigner_Eugene_Paul.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Subscription Article MSN Encarta Premium: Get this article, plus 60,000 other articles, an interactive atlas, dictionaries, thesaurus, articles from 100 leading magazines, homework tools, daily math help and more for $4.95/month or $29.95/year (plus applicable taxes.) Learn more. This article is exclusively available for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Already a subscriber? Sign in above. Wigner, Eugene Paul Wigner, Eugene Paul (1902-1995), American physicist and Nobel laureate, noted for his work on quantum physics and the development of nuclear reactors.... Multimedia Selected Web Links Eugene Paul Wigner [Nobel Foundation] 1 item Want more Encarta? Become a subscriber today and gain access to: Daily Math Help Literature Guides Researcher Tools Paper-Writing Guides 60,000 + articles Interactive Atlas Magazine Center Find more about Wigner, Eugene Paul from Other Features from Encarta Search Encarta for Wigner, Eugene Paul

30. Wigner, Eugene Paul (1902-1995) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Bio wigner, eugene Paul (19021995), Szanton, A. The Recollections of eugene P. wigner as Told to Andrew Szanton. New York Plenum Press, 1992. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Wigner.html

Branch of Science Physicists Nationality American ... Physics Prize Wigner, Eugene Paul (1902-1995) Hungarian-American physicist who studied in Berlin before moving to Princeton in 1930, where he later became professor of theoretical physics. His main contribution was in applying group theory to quantum mechanics He was among those urging the U.S. to build an atomic bomb, and he made some important contributions to the Manhattan Project. In 1927, Wigner concluded that parity is conserved in a nuclear reaction. In other words, the laws of physics should not distinguish between right and left; or between positive and negative time. This held as a central tenet of physics until 1958, when Yang and Lee showed that certain types of reaction involving the weak force such as beta decay do not conserve parity. Wigner also investigated the strong nuclear interaction which binds neutrons and protons in the nucleus and showed that it only acted over short distances. He gave his name to the "Wigner's friend paradox," a variant on the paradox. The "friend" is a human observer who replaces the cat in one of the thought experiments on quantum reality. He suggested that the entry of information about the quantum system collapses the quantum wave and reduces the hybrid state (where the "cat" is both alive and dead) to a simple cut-and-dried system.

31. Eugene Paul Wigner --  Encyclopædia Britannica Cite this article. eugene Paul wigner. born Nov. 17, 1902, Budapest, Hung MLA style " eugene Paul wigner." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2004 http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=79000

32. General Term: Wigner, Eugene (1902-1995) wigner, eugene (19021995). Hungarian born American physicist and Nobel laureate. Related Topics http://www.meta-library.net/physgloss/wign-body.html

Wigner, Eugene (1902-1995) Hungarian born American physicist and Nobel laureate. Related Topics: Physics and Cosmology Search for Wigner, Eugene (1902-1995) Full Glossary Index To return to the previous topic, click on your browser's 'Back' button.

33. Wigner, Eugene Paul (1902-1995) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Bio Physics Prize. wigner, eugene Paul (19021995) The Recollections of eugene P. wigner as Told to Andrew Szanton. New York Plenum Press, 1992 http://www.treasure-troves.com/bios/Wigner.html

Branch of Science Physicists Nationality American ... Physics Prize Wigner, Eugene Paul (1902-1995) Hungarian-American physicist who studied in Berlin before moving to Princeton in 1930, where he later became professor of theoretical physics. His main contribution was in applying group theory to quantum mechanics He was among those urging the U.S. to build an atomic bomb, and he made some important contributions to the Manhattan Project. In 1927, Wigner concluded that parity is conserved in a nuclear reaction. In other words, the laws of physics should not distinguish between right and left; or between positive and negative time. This held as a central tenet of physics until 1958, when Yang and Lee showed that certain types of reaction involving the weak force such as beta decay do not conserve parity. Wigner also investigated the strong nuclear interaction which binds neutrons and protons in the nucleus and showed that it only acted over short distances. He gave his name to the "Wigner's friend paradox," a variant on the paradox. The "friend" is a human observer who replaces the cat in one of the thought experiments on quantum reality. He suggested that the entry of information about the quantum system collapses the quantum wave and reduces the hybrid state (where the "cat" is both alive and dead) to a simple cut-and-dried system.

34. LookSmart - Directory - Eugene Paul Wigner YOU ARE HERE Home Sciences Physics Physicists Physicists UZ wigner, eugene. eugene Paul wigner Learn about this Nobel http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317914/us55566/us330165/us331387/us33

@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); Home IN the directory this category YOU ARE HERE Home Sciences Physics Physicists ... Physicists U-Z Eugene Paul Wigner - Learn about this Nobel Prize-winning physicist who specialized in quantum mechanics. Directory Listings About Wigner, Eugene Paul - 1963 Nobel Biography Prize presentation speech and biography of this 1963 Nobel laureate who was recognized for his theories on the atomic nucleus. Wigner, Eugene Paul - 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics Biography of the 1963 Nobel Prize winner who discovered and applied symmetry principles to the theory of the atomic nucleus. Wigner, Eugene Paul - History of Mathematics Biography of Wigner covers his theory of the symmetry in space and time that characterizes subatomic particles. We're always looking for ways to improve your search experience. Tell us how we're doing. Join the Zeal community and help build the "Eugene Paul Wigner" Directory Category IN the directory this category About Us Advertise with Us Advertiser Log-in Terms of Service

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@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); Home IN the directory this category YOU ARE HERE : not available Eugene Paul Wigner - Learn about this Nobel Prize-winning physicist who specialized in quantum mechanics. Directory Listings About Wigner, Eugene Paul - 1963 Nobel Biography Prize presentation speech and biography of this 1963 Nobel laureate who was recognized for his theories on the atomic nucleus. Wigner, Eugene Paul - 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics Biography of the 1963 Nobel Prize winner who discovered and applied symmetry principles to the theory of the atomic nucleus. Wigner, Eugene Paul - History of Mathematics Biography of Wigner covers his theory of the symmetry in space and time that characterizes subatomic particles. We're always looking for ways to improve your search experience. Tell us how we're doing. Join the Zeal community and help build the "Eugene Paul Wigner" Directory Category IN the directory this category About Us Advertise with Us Advertiser Log-in Terms of Service

36. Eugene Wigner - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia eugene wigner Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaeugene wigner. (Redirected from eugene Paul wigner). Enlarge eugene wigner (left) and Alvin Weinberg. eugene Paul wigner (Hungarian http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Wigner

Eugene Wigner Categories Nobel Prize in Physics winners From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Eugene Wigner (left) and Alvin Weinberg Eugene Paul Wigner Hungarian November 17 January 1 ) was a Hungarian American physicist and mathematician He was one of a generation of physicists of the who remade the world of physics . It was a collection of people from Berlin to London to Zürich to Pisa , though not quite yet to New York or Chicago . The first physicists in this new generation Werner Heisenberg Erwin Schrödinger , and Paul Dirac , to name three created quantum mechanics . Quantum mechanics was a dazzling new world, which threw open dozens of fundamental physical questions. A new set of men (and a few women) came along behind them, to answer the first questions and pose others, often more complex. Wigner was in this second set of physicists. He posed and answered some of the most profound questions of 20th-century physics. He laid the foundation for the theory of symmetries in quantum mechanics. In the late , he extended his research into atomic nuclei Between and , this generation of physicists helped to remake the world again. This time it was a far greater, more public world they remade: one of armies, peoples, ideologies. They did it first by seeing that an

37. Eugene P. Wigner Translate this page Physiknobelpreis 1963 (Nobel Prize Physics 1963) eugene P. wigner, amerikan. Physiker, geb. 17. Nov. 1902, gest. 1. Jan. 1995. http://www.zuta.de/nppyhs/wigner.htm

Physiknobelpreis 1963 (Nobel Prize Physics 1963) Eugene P. Wigner, amerikan. Physiker, geb. 17. Nov. 1902, gest. 1. Jan. 1995

38. Wigner, Eugene Paul (1902-1994), Physicien De Nationalité Américaine, Lauréat Translate this page Eugène Paul wigner (1902-1994). Physicien de nationalité américaine réacteurs nucléaires. wigner naquit à Budapest, en Hongrie. Il rejoignit http://isimabomba.free.fr/biographies/chimistes/wigner.htm

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39. Wigner, Eugene Paul. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 2001. wigner, eugene Paul. (w g´n r) (KEY) , 1902–95, American physicist, b. Hungary, grad. Technische Hochschule, Berlin, 1925. http://www.bartleby.com/65/wi/Wigner-E.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Wigner, Eugene Paul

40. Wigner, Eugene Paul. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language: wigner, eugene Paul. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language Fourth Edition. 2000. 2000. wigner, eugene Paul. SYLLABICATION Wig·ner. http://www.bartleby.com/61/28/W0152800.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary Wight, Isle of ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition.

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