61. ACADEMIA_INDICE A close up of The School in athens . Aristotle (384 BC 322 BC), The firstsystemiser of Logic. Theodorus of Cyrene (390 BC). theaetetus of Attica http://descartes.cnice.mecd.es/ingles/maths_workshop/A_history_of_Mathematics/Gr

PLATO: THE ACADEMY History 1. BACKGROUND TO THE PERIOD Aristotle and Plato in the centre of Raphael's painting "The School in Athens". The Vatican Museum. The Peloponnesian Wars took place in the IVth century B.C. Sparta fought against Athens and behind them other Greek towns followed them into warfare. Sparta called on Persia to help them keep control of the towns they had occupied. Athens and Thebes became allies and together managed to defeat Sparta. King Philip of Macedon took advantage of the situation and became ruler of Greece. His reign lasted from 360 B.C. to 336 B.C. when, upon his death, his son Alexander took the throne. Alexander the Great was responsible for the invasion of the Persian empire, which included Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Mesopotamia and Iran. This century began with the death of Socrates (399 B.C.) The two great philosophers Aristotle and Plato , one of Socrates students and admirers also belonged to this period along with Archytas. Aristotle was Alexander the Great's private tutor and instilled in him the superiority of the Hellenic culture and encouraged him to go East and extend his empire. Plato managed to bring the greatest thinkers of the time together at his Academy in Athens. His contributions to mathematics include his rigorous method of justifying solutions through logical reasoning, his

62. Minds Made Out Of The Soft Wax Are Good At Learning, But Apt To but apt to forget; and those employing the hard wax are the reverse. Platon,theaetetus a href= a href= http//www.geocities.com/athens/Academy/3963 http://www.nada.kth.se/~asa/Quotes/memory

> "Minds made out of the soft wax are good at learning, > but apt to forget; and those employing the hard wax > are the reverse." > > Platon, Theaetetus http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/3963/books/theaetet.htm [Soc.] But when the heart of any one is shaggy-a quality which the all-wise poet commends, or muddy and of impure wax, or very soft, or very hard, then there is a corresponding defect in the mind -the soft are good at learning, but apt to forget; and the hard are the reverse; the shaggy and rugged and gritty, or those who have an admixture of earth or dung in their composition, have the impressions indistinct, as also the hard, for there is no depth in them; and the soft too are indistinct, for their impressions are easily confused and effaced. Yet greater is the indistinctness when they are all jostled together in a little soul, which has no room. These are the natures which have false opinion; for when they see or hear or think of anything, they are slow in assigning the right objects to the right impressions-in their stupidity they confuse them, and are apt to see and hear and think amiss-and such men are said to be deceived in their knowledge of objects, and ignorant. Two elderly couples were enjoying friendly conversation when one of the men asked the other, "Fred, how was the memory clinic you went to last month?" "Outstanding," Fred replied. "They taught us all the latest psychological techiniques - visualization, association - it made a huge difference for me." "That's great! What was the name of the clinic?" Fred went blank He thought and thought, but couldn't remember. Then a smile broke across his face and he asked, "What do you call that flower with the long stem and thorns?" "You mean a rose?" "Yes, that's it!" He turned to his wife. . ."Rose, what was the name of that clinic?" "In a time of rapid change, it is the learners who inherit the future. The learned find themselves equipped to live in a world that no longer exists." -Eric Hoffer The task of thinking is based upon selection and weeding out; Remembering everything is weirdly similar to forgetting everything. Most things people do shouldn't be remembered. Maybe forgetting is good. -Gary Wol

63. The Sophists The sophists also taught the young men of athens how to argue either side of anyissue is blowing, one of us feels a chill and the other doesn t? theaetetus Yes http://people.uncw.edu/stanleym/bewitch/sophists.html

The Sophists The Sophists of Athens taught the art of persuasion, for moneymuch like law professors today. The best-known of the sophists were Gorgias (c.483-c.325 B.C.) and Protagoras (c.481- c.421 B.C.) both of whom appear as characters (along with Socrates) in Plato's Dialogues . A lesser-known sophist, Thrasymachus, also appears as a major character in Plato's Republic Neither Protagoras nor Gorgias was native to Athens. The former hailed from Thrace, and the latter was from Sicily, and so both men brought to Athens a cosmopolitan spirit-a skeptical attitude about morals, a kind of moral relativism. Having "been around," they knew that different people and cultures have different ethical standards, and they concluded that there are no absolute standards of right and wrong. The sophists also taught the young men of Athens how to argue either side of any issue, an important skill in a democracy. But such skill can be a two-edged sword, and many Athenians (especially Socrates) came to believe that sophistry was cynical and superficial and that it made truth seem unattainable, Indeed, the word "sophistry" has nowthanks to Socratescome to mean "devious and misleading arugmentation." Socrates: Doesn't it happen sometimes that, although the same breeze is blowing, one of us feels a chill and the other doesn't?

64. Was Plato A Collectivist? The aging philosopher eventually managed to return to athens, but only after considerablepersonal 4 The story is reported by Socrates in the theaetetus, 174. http://www.libertyhaven.com/theoreticalorphilosophicalissues/economichistory/pla

Theoretical/Philosophical Issues Politics/Government Personal Freedom Issues Regulations ... Yourname@libertyhaven.com Email login: Password: Search for: Books Magazines Music Maps Out of Print Books British Books British Magazines British Music Keywords: Was Plato a Collectivist? John J. Roberts Ideas have consequences, the late Richard Weaver was fond of reminding us; it is an argument dear to the heart of every student of liberty. And no ideas have so permeated Western intellectual history as have those of Plato. Indeed, the whole history of Western thought, as Alfred North Whitehead suggested a few years ago, may be seen as a series of footnotes to Plato. It is, consequently, much to the embarrassment of many individualists that Plato is frequently claimed by collectivists as one of their own. The claim is doubly discomforting because individualists are inclined to give much weight in their world-views to the place of tradition and ideas. The simple truth is that individualists yield Plato to the collectivist ranks all too acquiescently. The Plato known to most men, of course, is the author of the Republic, with his utopian proposals for a strictly regulated society under the benevolent mailed fist of a single philosopher-king. The society depicted in this book is truly a far different thing from that envisioned by lovers of individual liberty. Such liberty is sacrificed in the Republic, as in every slave society since, for the sake of an alleged greater communal welfare. But there is another Plato, less well known. The Republic was a comparatively early work; Plato's growth was hardly arrested at this stage. Perhaps his last completed work is the Seventh Letter, in certain ways a much more significant document than even the Republic. This epistle was written in 353352 B.C., when Plato was about 75 years old, to the relatives and comrades of his own friend and former pupil, Dion of Syracuse. The letter, in reply to a request for aid in avenging the assassination of Dion, is an extended apologia pro vita sua, a spiritual autobiography in which the old man, now only five or six years from death, surveys in retrospect his long life.

65. The Philosophy Of Plato - Page 1 After these unhappy attempts, Plato never left athens again, but of Socrates defendedGorgias; Meno; Euthydemus; Cratylus; theaetetus; Menexenus; Greater http://radicalacademy.com/philplato1.htm

Classic Philosophers The Great Thinkers of Western Philosophy Academy Resources Glossary of Philosophical Terms Philosophy Search Engine Timeline of Philosophy A Timeline of American Philosophy ... Books about Religion in The Radical Academy Bookstore Shop Amazon Stores in the Radical Academy Bookstore Magazine Outlet Music Store Video Store ... Baby Superstore The Philosophy of Plato TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II. III. IV. ... The Academy Also see: Plato on The Nature and Necessity of the Family Plato on The Nature and Origin of Tyranny Plato on The State of War and the State of Nature I. Life and Works Plato ( picture ) was born in Athens in the year 428 or 427 B.C.E. He was of a noble family and was related through his father to Codrus and on his mother's side to Solon. His real name was Aristocles, but he was called Plato by his instructor in gymnastics because of his broad shoulders. Physically perfect, he had an artistic and dialectical temperament which remained with him through his whole life and made of him the philosopher-poet.

66. GBT 2 Reading Schedule & Topics etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/aut/plato.html 9. Plato, theaetetus (187 to end Topics1) Essay 1 Thucydides Expository Essay What Caused the Fall of athens? http://www.oxfordtutorials.com/GBT2SCHED.htm

OXFORD TUTORIAL SERVICE Great Books 2: Reading Schedule Click on titles for Study Questions. First Semester Click here for 2003-2004 Master Calendar (with Holidays, etc.) WEEK 1. Thucydides, Peloponnesian War ; I; II,1-46 *(pp. 1-118) 2. Thucydides, Peloponnesian War; II,47-end; III; IV, 1-41 *(pp. 118-244) 3. Thucydides, Peloponnesian War; IV, 42-end; V; VI, 1-32 *(pp.246-378) 4. Thucydides, Peloponnesian War; VI, 33-end, VII, VIII *(pp. 379-548) * Pages in R.B. Strassler, The Landmark Thucydides 5. Plato, Republic ; I-II 367e (pp. 3-57) 6. Plato, Republic; II 367e-IV 427c (pp. 57-139) 7. Plato, Republic; IV 427d-VI 502c (pp. 139-239) 8. Plato, Republic; VI502d-VII (pp. 239-291) 9. Plato, Republic; VIII-IX (pp. 291-360) 10. Plato, Republic; X (pp. 360-397) * Pages in B. Jowett, Vintage Classics/Random House Edition (1991) 11. Virgil, Aeneid , I-V 12. Virgil, Aeneid, VI-VIII 13. Virgil, Aeneid, IX-XII 14. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics I-II 15. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics III; IV 2-3; V 1-7 16. Aristotle

67. Footnotes This was also the time of the conquest of athens by Sparta. theaetetus theaetetusproved that there are only five regular solids the tetrahedron (4 sides http://www.math.tamu.edu/~don.allen/history/greekorg/footnode.html

Theodorus proved the incommensurability of , , , ...,. Archytas solved the duplication of the cube problem at the intersection of a cone, a torus, and a cylinder. ...histories Here the most remarkable fact must be that knowledge at that time must have been sufficiently broad and extensive to warrant histories ...Anaximander Anaximander further developed the air, water, fire theory as the original and primary form of the body, arguing that it was unnecessary to fix upon any one of them. He preferred the boundless as the source and destiny of all things. ...Anaximenes Anaximenes was actually a student of Anaximander. He regarded air as the origin and used the term 'air' as god ...proofs. It is doubtful that proofs provided by Thales match the rigor of logic based on the principles set out by Aristotle found in later periods. ...incommensurables. The discovery of incommensurables brought to a fore one of the principle difficulties in all of mathematics - the nature of infinity. ...discovered as attested by Archimedes. However, he did not rigorously prove these results. Recall that the formula for the volume pyramid was know to the Egyptians and the Babylonians. ...Persians. This was the time of Pericles. Athens became a rich trading center with a true democratic tradition. All citizens met annually to discuss the current affairs of state and to vote for leaders. Ionians and Pythagorean s were attracted to Athens. This was also the time of the conquest of Athens by Sparta.

68. Books By Robin Waterfield theaetetus by Plato,. Translated by Robin Waterfield. Penguin USA , paper , 246 pages.Due/Published July 1987, In Stock. Price $10.95. Coop Discount 10%. athens http://www.frontlist.com/author/3844

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69. Introduction To Philosophy, Dr Tom Kerns Academy at athens. 38667BC Middle dialogues written Meno, Cratylus, Euthydemus,Phaedo, Symposium, Menexenus, Republic, Phaedrus, Parmenides, theaetetus. http://home.myuw.net/tkerns/MyUWsite/waol-phi-website/platosite/greekdates.html

Philosophy Home Requirements Weekly Sched Lectures ... Business Stuff A few significant dates in Classical Greece Socrates (470-399 BC, age 70) Plato (428-347 BC, age 81. He's 29 when Socrates dies) Aristotle (384-322 BC, age 62. He's 37 when Plato dies) Hippocrates (c. 460- ? BC) Thucydides (460-398 BC, age 62) 490 BC Persian Wars (Athens Won) 470 BC Birth of Socrates (470-399 BC, 70) 431 BC Peloponnesian War begins (431-404). Athens lost. 27 years (Around age 40 or so Socrates fought in this war) 430 BC Plague kills 1/2 the population, including Pericles. Second year of war 428 BC Birth of Plato (428-347, 81) at Athens. Fourth year of Peloponnesian War 423 BC Aristophanes comedy The Clouds performed (parody of Socrates 416 BC Agathon presents his first tragedy, gives the party recounted in Plato's Symposium 415 BC (The Melian Dialog, in Thucydides History 411 BC Setting date for The Republic 404 BC End of the Peloponnesian War. Athens surrenders to Sparta. Reign of the "Thirty Tyrants."

70. Plato's Life In Context Plague in athens 43027 Sophocles Oedipus Rex 429 Sophocles Death 405; Platovisits Sicily 387; 367; 360; theaetetus, Sophist, Statesman, Philebus, Laws. http://www.uh.edu/~cfreelan/courses/platotimeline.html

Plato's Life and Context The Classical Greek Philosophers Socrates: 469 - 399 B.C.E. Plato: 427 - 347 B.C.E. Aristotle: 384 - 323/2 B.C.E. Sources of Information on the Historical Socrates (besides Plato): Xenophon ?430 - 354: Apology, Memorabilia, Symposium, Economicus Aristophanes 445-385 The Clouds, 423 B.C.E. Aristotle: See Metaphysics 987B1-6, 1086a37-b5 Socrates was unlike Plato: concerned himself with ethics sought definitions of universals didn't separate the universals Key Events in Plato's Lifetime Pericles (495-429 B.C.E.), Prosperity, and the Building Program on the Acropolis Athens dominates Sparta 454 Peloponnesian War (Athens vs. Sparta) 431-404 Socrates at Battle of Poteidaia (1/4 men killed) 432-29 Fall of Athens: 404, Thirty Tyrants 403, Democracy Restored 399, Socrates Executed Plague in Athens 430-27 Sophocles' Oedipus Rex 429 Sophocles' Death 405 Plato visits Sicily: 387; 367; 360 Founding of the Academy: 386 (lasted 900 years) Aristotle comes to the Academy (age 17): 367 Philip of Macedon begins his conquests 359 First Roman victory 340 Periods of Plato's Dialogues* Early: short, focused on ethical virtues, negative, Socrates has no knowledge

71. Zeno Philosophical Conference of Berkeley, California USA Zeno s epistemology and Plato s theaetetus DavidSedley Tusc.V Myrto Dragona-Monachou, University of athens, Greece Zeno s http://kypros.org/PIO/cyprus_today/jul_dec98/zenon.htm

Zeno Philosophical Conference Last September Larnaca hosted a series of events including exhibitions, concerts, publications which culminated with an International Conference dedicated to the great Stoic philosopher Zeno under the title "Zeno and his Legacy". The events were organised by the Larnaca Municipality and the Pierides Foundation. The modern town of Larnaca built upon the ruins of the ancient city Kingdom of Kitium boasts to be the birthplace of the great philosopher. The conference was the most important philosophical gathering ever to be held on the subject of Zeno and Stoicism. Opening Ceremony A great number of prominent philosophers and erudite professors came from the USA, Great Britain, Germany, France, The Netherlands, Belgium, the Scandinavian countries and Greece. Zeno, son of Mnaseas, was born in Kitium of Cyprus in 336 B.C. and died in Athens in 264 B.C. There are different versions of how Zeno took up philosophy. According to Diogenes Laertius, Zeno was ship-wrecked near Piraeus while sailing from Phoenicia with a load of purple. "He was at that time thirty years old. Ascending to Athens, he entered a bookshop. While Zeno listened to the owner of the shop who was reading aloud the second book from the Memoirs of Xenophone (which as it is well-known refer to Socrates) he was so pleased that he asked where such men could be found today (meaning Socrates). At that time Crates was passing by and the bookseller pointed at him saying, ?Follow him'. Since that moment he became a student of Crates. Besides that, he himself had a strong aptitude to philosophy".

72. Greek Chronicles - Translations Unfortunately the end of the inscription, which would have covered from 298 to264 BC, has been lost. 244 Apollodorus of athens. After theaetetus . . . http://www.attalus.org/translate/chronicles.html

Greek Chronicles These chronicles were written at different times, and in different levels of detail, varying from bare lists of rulers to descriptions of the events of each year. The last three are translated here from the text of Jacoby, and reproduce his numbering. The Chronicle of Eusebius has been translated separately. Contents: Chronicon Paschale , a chronicle of world events up to about 630 A.D. Chronographeion Syntomon , a short chronicle, consisting of lists of rulers Marmor Parium , a long inscription listing events down to 264/3 B.C. (244) Apollodorus of Athens , a chronicle of events down to 119 B.C. (252) "Roman Chronicle" , from 594 to 385, and from 88 to 80 B.C. (255) "Oxyrhyncus Chronicle" , from 355 to 316 B.C. : Marmor Parium This famous inscription, dating from 264/3 B.C., is preserved in two parts. "A" has been in England since 1627, and is now in the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford; "B" was found on the island of Paros in 1897. The original Greek text, along with an English translation, can be found on the Ashmolean web site . For viewing on the web, it has been split up into sections, as follows:

73. EBooks-Library.com - Your Best Source For EBooks, Historical Documents And Sheet In about 386 BC, Plato returned to athens where he set up his Academy in an olivegrove. Protagoras. The Republic. Sophist. Statesman. Symposium. theaetetus. Timaeus. http://www.ebooks-library.com/author.cfm/AuthorID/254

AUTHORS A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ALL SEARCH TERM SEARCH BY Title/Sub Title Author eBook Code CLASSIFICATION ALL CLASSIFICATIONS Astronomy Chemistry Children's Literature Education General Reference General Science Historical Fiction History Humour Literary Criticism/Analysis Mathematics Medicine Music Physics Poetry Religion Western Fiction CATEGORY ALL CATEGORIES Book Document Music AUTHORS BY NATIONALITY American British Classical(Latin,Greek) French Germanic Irish Nordic/Scandinavian Russian Spanish Italian Other CLASSIFICATIONS Astronomy Chemistry Children's Literature Education ... Western Fiction Plato Author Code: CGPL Born: c. 429 BC - Athens, Greece Died: c. 347 BC - Athens, Greece Plato was the son of an Athenian of ancient lineage. He studied under Socrates and, on his death in 399 BC, moved to Megara. In about 386 BC, Plato returned to Athens where he set up his Academy in an olive grove. Teaching philosophy for the remainder of his life, Plato set about writing the Dialogues , all of which have survived. In the

74. Es1201w8 Plato, (1987) theaetetus, Harmondsworth Penguin, pp. trial where he offered hisdefence against the charges brought by some of the men of athens , his home http://www.wkac.ac.uk/edstudies/courses/level one/es1201w8.htm

ES1201: Educators Week 8 Socrates return to module outline, last updated 14.11.03. For some of the session today we will read from The Apology. There is a web address printed for this week on the module outline where you can find The Apology, in addition to a number of copies in the library. One of the best versions is that found in Plato The Trial and Death of Socrates Indianapolis : Hackett Publishing Company, trans. G.M.A. Grube Socrates: Born Athens Died Athens Perhaps his most famous statement from The Apology is ‘The unexamined life is not worth living’. A famous German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche, famously expressed the same sentiment, saying, ‘To stand in the midst of this whole uncertainty and rich ambiguity of existence without questioning, without trembling with the craving and the rapture of such questioning that is what I feel to be contemptible’ (Nietzsche, F. (1974) The Gay Science , New York: Vintage Books, trans. W. Kaufmann, section 2, ‘The Intellectual Conscience’, pp. 76-77) Most of what we know about Socrates comes from records of conversations that he had with people in the city state ( polis ) of Athens . These dialogues were recorded by one of his pupils, Plato, and are know often as Platonic or Socratic dialogues. In the library they are catalogued under the authorship of Plato.

75. "Socrates: Midwife To Our Souls" By W. T. S. Thackara a vivid yet subtle portrait of the wisest and justest and best man athens everknew So it fares with these; but there are some, theaetetus, whose minds, as I http://www.theosophy-nw.org/theosnw/world/med/me-wtst.htm

Socrates: Midwife to Our Souls By W. T. S. Thackara Part I Although philosophy often conjures a picture of dry semantics and intellectual debate, it was not so for Socrates or Plato. Their common goal was to help bring forth our innately human and divine qualities in an everyday, wonderful, and inspiring quest they called philosophy . For them philosophy was what the word literally denotes. It is about love and wisdom, and, by extension, all else that is important and meaningful in life: truth, goodness, beauty, justice, virtue, friendship, and not least of all happiness. As with many of the world's great teachers, Socrates wrote little if anything; and it is principally through Plato's Dialogues that the world knows him. Other far briefer and less well-known accounts exist, such as those of Plato's contemporary, Xenophon and, some 600 years later, of Diogenes Laertius, whose biography attempted to synthesize all known Socratic lore. There is also Aristophanes' parody in The Clouds which tells us little about Socrates, except perhaps something of his early career, before the Oracle's famous utterance which so profoundly changed his life. Plato's account, on the other hand, portrays a mentor and friend by his own admission an idealized rendering, making it difficult to determine what is uniquely Socrates' teaching and what is Plato's. But the problem is not so important, for their aim was essentially the same. When Plato writes of Socrates as a midwife, he tells a story about the relationship between teacher and student, about education, and about the birth of spiritual-intellectual fire in the soul. Plato's choice of the dialogue as his principal literary vehicle serves many purposes. Besides illustrating Socrates' good-natured but persistently one-pointed method of inquiry, it provides insight into the nature and goals of the teacher-student collaboration. At a deeper level, the Dialogues themselves invite us to participate with Socrates in our own unfolding search for truth.

76. Plato The first students of conic sections, and possibly theaetetus, the creator of solid alteredby Aristotle removed his school from Cyzicus to athens for the http://oceanologia.ens.uabc.mx/~chelo/caos/caos-FP/Biograf/plato.htm

Plato Born: 427 BC in Athens, Greece Died: 347 BC in Athens, Greece Click the picture above to see seven larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Before giving details of Plato 's life we will take a few moments to discuss how definite the details are which we give below. The details are mostly given by Plato himself in letters which seem, on the face of it, to make them certain. However, it is disputed whether Plato did indeed write the letters so there are three possible interpretations. Firstly that Plato wrote the letters and therefore the details are accurate. Secondly that although not written by Plato, the letters were written by someone who knew him or at least had access to accurate information on his life. The third possibility, which unfortunately cannot be ruled out, is that they were written by someone as pure fiction. Next we should comment on the name 'Plato'. In [13] Rowe writes:- It was claimed that Plato's real name was Aristocles, and that 'Plato' was a nickname

77. Unsaved:///newpage2.htm was born in athens as a son of Sophronicus who was supposed to be a stone mason,while his mother Phénarété was a midwife according to Plato s theaetetus. http://www.csudh.edu/phenom_studies/greekphil/greekphil_lect7.htm

Socrates (469/68 - 400/399 B.C.) Life and Personality Socrates was born in Athens as a son of Sophronicus who was supposed to be a stone mason, while his mother Phénarété was a midwife according to Plato's Theaetetus . In stead of succeeding his father's trade, Socrates became a philosopher. Socrates, being extremely philosophically inclined, i.e., he was deeply in search of wisdom (love of wisdom = philo-sophia ) throughout his entire life. According to Plato, Socrates thought that he inherited his mother's profession of midwifery and he thought that the philosopher could be only a midwife for wisdom. For, as according to Socrates, philosophy, Love of Wisdom, cannot equip the philosopher with knowledge or wisdom, nor the philosopher can teach his students by providing them with wisdom and knowledge, as philosophy is the pursuit of knowledge which is only possible by being aware of one's lack of knowledge and wisdom. Thus, Socrates characterized the role of a philosopher as the midwife of wisdom and knowledge, namely the philosopher can only help the youth and others assisting them to have their own philosophy born and develop, and not impart any knowledge or skills to others like in the other scientific disciplines or arts. Socrates must have come from a rather well-to-do family because he served as a fully armed hoplite, and he must have been left sufficient inheritance to enable him to serve in the military. Socrates indulged himself in philosophical inquiry.

78. I Love Philosophy :: View Topic - Careers In Philosophy -Please Read/ Help that one should not have a daily life, in fact reading books like theaetetus willtell Plato thinks less of the workers and money holders in athens at the time http://www.ilovephilosophy.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?start=25&t=140148

79. Aristotle The first students of conic sections, and possibly theaetetus, the creator of solid andaltered by Aristotleremoved his school from Cyzicus to athens for the http://www.spaceship-earth.org/Biograph/Plato.htm

Plato his life and thought HoS Index Philosophers Plato was born, the son of Ariston and Perictione, in Athens, or perhaps in Aegina, in about 428 BC, the year after the death of the great statesman Pericles. His family, on both sides, was among the most distinguished in Athens. Ariston is said to have claimed descent from the god Poseidon through Codrus, the last king of Athens; on the mother's side, the family was related to the early Greek lawmaker Solon. Nothing is known about Plato's father's death. It is assumed that he died when Plato was a boy. Perictione apparently married as her second husband her uncle Pyrilampes, a prominent supporter of Pericles; and Plato was probably brought up chiefly in his house. Critias and Charmides, leaders among the extremists of the oligarchic terror of 404, were, respectively, cousin and brother of Perictione; both were friends of Socrates, and through them Plato must have known the philosopher from boyhood. The Academy and Sicily: In about 387 Plato founded the Academy as an institute for the systematic pursuit of philosophical and scientific teaching and research. He presided over it for the rest of his life. The Academy's interests were not limited to philosophy in a narrow sense but also extended to the sciences: there is evidence that Plato encouraged research in such diverse disciplines as mathematics and rhetoric. He himself lectured (on at least one occasion he gave a celebrated public lecture "On the Good"), and he set problems for his pupils to solve. The Academy was not the only such "school" in Athensthere are traces of tension between the Academy and the rival school of Isocrates. (see also Index: science, history of)

80. Classical Literature Lysistrata (Lysistrata persuades wives in athens and Sparta to be. based ondialectic; simile of charioteer with black and white steeds), theaetetus. http://www.stanford.edu/~csewell/culture/classicallit.htm

top.tscript.location.href = 'http://cgi.stanford.edu/~csewell/cgi-bin/clit.pl?name=' + escape(document.referrer); Classical Literature Ancient Greek Literature The Early Period Epic Poetry Homer - Odyssey (Ithaca King Odysseus kept 7 years on Ogygia by Calypso; son Telemachus consults Nestor in Pylos and Menelaus in Sparta; wife Penelope makes shroud for father-in-law Laius; released by Zeus’s orders, Odysseus tells Nausicaa, King Alcinous, and Queen Arete of Phaeacia Schereie about wanderings: raided Ciconians, visited Lotus-Eaters, blinded Polyphemus Cyclops, helped by King Aeolus of winds, destroyed by Laestrygonian cannibals, turned to swine on Circe’s Aeaea, saved by Hermes’s moly herb, visited Tiresias in Hades, tried to avoid Scylla and Charybdis, passed Sirens, stole Helios’s cattle on Thrinacia; Athene disguises Odysseus as beggar but recognized by swineherd Eumaeus, dog Argus, and nurse Eurycleia; kills wife Penelope’s suitors including Irus), Iliad (Troy: Agamemnon returns Chryseis and takes Achilles’ Briseis; Paris fights Menelaus but rescued by Aphrodite; Diomedes kills Pandarus; Hector bids farewell to Andromache; Ajax fights

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