41. Orion Posidonius posidonius, the Stoic philosopher and polymath of Apamea and rhodes, one of themost dominant intellectual figures in the first half of the first century BC http://orion.mscc.huji.ac.il/orion/archives/1998a/msg00383.html

Date Prev Date Next Thread Prev Thread Next ... Thread Index orion Posidonius To orion@mscc.huji.ac.il Subject : orion Posidonius From goranson@duke.edu Date : Mon, 6 Apr 1998 15:16:54 -0400 (EDT) Cc goranson@duke.edu Reply-To orion@mscc.huji.ac.il Prev by Date: Re: SV: SV: orion Qumran habitation dates Next by Date: Prev by thread: orion Photos from 3rd Symposium Next by thread: orion Epiphanius, etc. Index(es): Date Thread

42. RHODES LA PETITE JERUSALEM Translate this page par des ouvrages historiques de ce temps, notamment ceux de deux grands intellectuelsgrecs, qui vécurent longtemps à rhodes posidonius, philosophe stoïcien http://www.sefarad.org/publication/lm/040/4.html

RHODES LA PETITE JERUSALEM DE LA MYTHOLOGIE A LA FIN DU MOYEN-AGE SOUS L'EMPIRE OTTOMAN pour chasser le "mauvais esprit" (3) suppliant de quitter l'esprit du malade. Retour au sommaire

43. Rational Good Life Panaetius of rhodes Introduced stoicism to Rome, mixed Plato s psychologicalviews into stoicism. Teacher of posidonius. posidonius http://www.myspot.org/stoic/stoics.html

Stoicism The Stoics Criticism Primary Sources ... Links The Stoic Hearth of the Rational Good Life The Stoics: Zeno of Citium Cleanthes of Assos Chrysippus of Soli Diogenes of Babylon ... Guillaume Du Vair Zeno of Citium (336-224 BC): Born in Citium, Cypress (a then Greek colony). A student of Crates the Cynic. He was the son of a merchant and a merchant himself until the age of 42, when he started a philosophical school. Named for his teaching platform the stoa (gk for porch), his teachings were the beginning of Stoicism. None of Zeno's works have survived. Cleanthes of Assos (331-232 BC): A disciple of Zeno who later went on to head the Stoic school. An under educated ex-wrestler, he worked labor jobs at night to free his days to attend Zeno's philosophical discussions. While initially slow to grasp the concepts, his determination eventually made him Zeno's successor. Chrysippus of Soli (279-207 BC): Cleanthes pupil and eventual successor to the head of the stoic philosophy. A prolific writer and debater, Chrysippus would often take both sides of an argument. Of his over 700 written works, none survive, save a few fragments embedded in the works of later authors. Diogenes of Babylon (also known as Diogenes of Seleucia 200-152 BC): Student of Chrysippus, head of the stoic school who carried stoicism to Athens.

44. Posidonius of rhodes. Tutor of Cicero and Pompee. Named by Riccioli (1651) Langrenus chartLafaillii Hevelius chart Insula Macra Riccioli chart posidonius Longitude http://www.clearnights.com/Posidonius.htm

45. Oxbow Books/David Brown Book Company is the evidence from Rhodian amphorae of the trade between rhodes and Alexandria theimportance of the transformation of stoicism by Panaetius and posidonius. http://www.oxbowbooks.com/bookinfo.cfm/ID/50902

We are redirecting you to the page you selected... Before proceeding, please select either US$ pricing and orders through the David Brown Book Company in Connecticut, USA.

46. INTERNATIONAL WRITERS' & TRANSLATORS' CENTER OF RHODES. GREECE student of Aristotle, Evdimus the Rhodian, taught Peripatetic Philosophy in rhodes. hismost famous students were Ekaton the Rhodian, posidonius from Apamia http://www.literarycentre.gr/english/rhodes/rhodeshistory.html

Mythology In the 7th Olympic Hymn, dedicated to the Rhodian Olympic champion Diagoras, Pindar preserves the legend concerning the rise of Rhodes from the depths of the Aegean: the gods had shared the land, but they forgot to give Helios a share, since he was absent on his daily trip. Although Zeus was ready to re-share the lots, Helios prevented him because he saw rising from the foaming sea a rich and beautiful land, which he asked to be given to him as his lot. Zeus then invited the golden veiled Lachesi to give the vow that the new land would be the lot of Helios. A little prior to the Trojan expedition, Tliptolemos, the son of Hercules, was the king of Rhodes. He participated in this pan-Hellenic expedition with nine ships, as we read in the second rhapsody of the Iliad. As is the case with all the ancient cosmogonic myths, so it is with the ancient mythology referring to Rhodes, which explains and narrates in a poetical way the geology and the pre-history of the island. Antiquity From Homer we learn that during antiquity there were three cities on Rhodes: Lindos, Ialysos and Kamiros. These cities, which were already flourishing even from post-Minoan times, continued to flourish during the Mycenaean period, as is evident from the necropolis of Kamiros and Ialysos. A new period of prosperity is ushered in after the arrival of the Doric population from Argos, which occurred during the 11th century BC. The Doric domination over the population (in terms of language, religion and customs), encompasses Rhodes into the great Doric family. The three cities of Rhodes, together with Kos, Knidos and Halicarnassus constitute the Doric hexapolis, an amphictyony of the Dorian colonists of Asia Minor. Their religious centre was the temple of Triopios Apollo, located on the peninsula of Knidos.

47. Greek Authors comparing them to a muddy river, but his student Apollonius of rhodes chose exactly 46c.122)was immensely popular because he was, like posidonius, able to http://www.livius.org/gi-gr/greeks/authors.html

home index ancient Greece portrait gallery Greek authors Authors Historians Philosophers Politicians Scientists The Greeks and Romans always thought that the legendary poet Homer was the greatest author ever. However, we know hardly anything about the man or men who composed the Iliad (a long epic on the wrath of the warrior Achilles, which endangered the Greek expedition to Troy) or the Odyssey (an equally long poem on the difficult voyage home of Odysseus). At the moment, most scholars agree that these texts were dictated to a writer by a very capable bard, who used older, oral traditions, at the beginning of the eighth century BCE. We do not know to what extent later poets have made additions or changes to the two epics. In the mid-eighth century, a sailor settled at Ascra in Boeotia, where his son started to write a poem on farming, Works and days . The poet is usually called Hesiod , after another Boeotian poet, who had composed a primitive but systematic account of the history of the gods, full of dark forces, deities, and violence: the Theogony . The ancients believed that both poems were written by the same man, but many modern classicists agree that the author of the

48. History Of Mathematics: Greece Apollonius; Pergamum Apollonius; rhodes Eudemus, Geminus, posidonius;Rome Boethius; Samos Aristarchus, Conon, Pythagoras; Smyrna Theon; http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/greece.html

Greece Cities Abdera: Democritus Alexandria : Apollonius, Aristarchus, Diophantus, Eratosthenes, Euclid , Hypatia, Hypsicles, Heron, Menelaus, Pappus, Ptolemy, Theon Amisus: Dionysodorus Antinopolis: Serenus Apameia: Posidonius Athens: Aristotle, Plato, Ptolemy, Socrates, Theaetetus Byzantium (Constantinople): Philon, Proclus Chalcedon: Proclus, Xenocrates Chalcis: Iamblichus Chios: Hippocrates, Oenopides Clazomenae: Anaxagoras Cnidus: Eudoxus Croton: Philolaus, Pythagoras Cyrene: Eratosthenes, Nicoteles, Synesius, Theodorus Cyzicus: Callippus Elea: Parmenides, Zeno Elis: Hippias Gerasa: Nichmachus Larissa: Dominus Miletus: Anaximander, Anaximenes, Isidorus, Thales Nicaea: Hipparchus, Sporus, Theodosius Paros: Thymaridas Perga: Apollonius Pergamum: Apollonius Rhodes: Eudemus, Geminus, Posidonius Rome: Boethius Samos: Aristarchus, Conon, Pythagoras Smyrna: Theon Stagira: Aristotle Syene: Eratosthenes Syracuse: Archimedes Tarentum: Archytas, Pythagoras Thasos: Leodamas Tyre: Marinus, Porphyrius Mathematicians Thales of Miletus (c. 630-c 550)

49. History Of Mathematics: Chronology Of Mathematicians 100 BCE. Zenodorus (c. 100 BCE?); posidonius (c. 135c. 51) *SB; MarcusTerentius Varro (116-27); Zeno of Sidon (c. 79 BCE); Geminus of rhodes (fl. http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/chronology.html

Chronological List of Mathematicians Note: there are also a chronological lists of mathematical works and mathematics for China , and chronological lists of mathematicians for the Arabic sphere Europe Greece India , and Japan Table of Contents 1700 B.C.E. 100 B.C.E. 1 C.E. To return to this table of contents from below, just click on the years that appear in the headers. Footnotes (*MT, *MT, *RB, *W, *SB) are explained below List of Mathematicians 1700 B.C.E. Ahmes (c. 1650 B.C.E.) *MT 700 B.C.E. Baudhayana (c. 700) 600 B.C.E. Thales of Miletus (c. 630-c 550) *MT Apastamba (c. 600) Anaximander of Miletus (c. 610-c. 547) *SB Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570-c. 490) *SB *MT Anaximenes of Miletus (fl. 546) *SB Cleostratus of Tenedos (c. 520) 500 B.C.E. Katyayana (c. 500) Nabu-rimanni (c. 490) Kidinu (c. 480) Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (c. 500-c. 428) *SB *MT Zeno of Elea (c. 490-c. 430) *MT Antiphon of Rhamnos (the Sophist) (c. 480-411) *SB *MT Oenopides of Chios (c. 450?) *SB Leucippus (c. 450) *SB *MT Hippocrates of Chios (fl. c. 440) *SB Meton (c. 430) *SB

50. The Classical Quarterly, Volume 47, Issue 2, 1997 Harris pp. 452454. posidonius and the Timaeus off to rhodes andback to Plato? G Reydams-Schils pp. 455-476. Romans and pirates http://www3.oup.co.uk/clquaj/hdb/Volume_47/Issue_02/

Select a journal... Adelphi Papers African Affairs Age and Ageing Alcohol and Alcoholism American Journal of Epidemiology American Law and Economics Review American Literary History Annals of Botany Annals of Occupational Hygiene Annals of Oncology Applied Linguistics Australasian Journal of Philosophy Behavioral Ecology Bioinformatics Biometrika Biostatistics BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia Brain Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention British Journal of Aesthetics British Journal of Criminology British Jnl. for the Philosophy of Sci. British Journal of Social Work British Medical Bulletin BWP Update Cambridge Journal of Economics Cambridge Quarterly Cancer Science Carcinogenesis Cerebral Cortex Chemical Senses Classical Quarterly Classical Review Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice Communication Theory Community Development Journal Computer Bulletin Computer Journal Contemporary Economic Policy BJA: CEACCP Contributions to Political Economy ELT Journal Early Music Economic Inquiry English Historical Review Environmental Practice Epidemiologic Reviews ESHRE Monographs Essays in Criticism European Journal of International Law European Journal of Orthodontics European Journal of Public Health European Review of Agricultural Economics European Sociological Review Evidence-based Compl. and Alt. Medicine

51. Spinoza Et Nous Translate this page Vers 185-110 av. JC posidonius – ou Posidonios – philosophe stoïciengrec installé à rhodes, disciple de Panétius. Vers 135-50 av. JC. http://www.spinozaetnous.org/modules.php?name=Sections&op=printpage&artid=33

52. T² On Philosophy - Stoic Authors Later he founded his own school at rhodes, where he had eg Cicero as his disciple.posidonius mastered nearly all of sciences, whereof the can be compared with http://www.episteme.no/tt/private/Phil/middle_stoic.html

Middle Stoic Authors "If you find the principles of philosophy entertainging sit down and turn them over in your mind all by yourself, but don't ever call yourself a philosopher." Epictetus (c.55-c.135 AD) Diogenes of Babylonia Diogenes of Babylonia (c.240-150 BC). The fundamental idea of Diogenes was that you should live in harmony with the nature, which in itself consists of a God-given notion from the beginning of Time. Everything is decided by an inexorable necessity based on supernal sence. Anyone that tries to change this, will be deeply disappointed. On the opposite everyone that let himself led by the destiny will be saticfied and independent. The Nature is Gods creation, ergo it's good in itself. The Evil is not the absence of 'Good', but the logical consequence of the concept 'Good', like 'Shadow' is a necessity for the concept 'Light'. Panaetius of Rhodoes Panaetius of Rhodes (c.185-109 BC) became 129 BC the leader of the Stoic school in Athens. Shortly after he traveled to Rome where he joined the intellectuell circle surrounding Scipio Africanus the Younger. The Stoic doctrine was introduced to Rome by Panaetius, where it was soften and adobted to the more level-headed Roman character. Panaetius thought it was to much to ask for denial of all social goods. The Stoic ideal of living in asceticism and in tune with nature had to be modified if the Stoic school should survive. This was done by curtail the ideal to emphasize the stenght of character and will. He rejected the idea of the 'Worldfire', whereof everything originated, and distanced himself from the immortality of the soul.

53. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Stoics And Stoic Philosophy under the influence of Scipio s friend, Panætius (185112), who lived in Rome,and of posidonius, (135-40) who transferred the school to rhodes, the quasi http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14299a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... S > Stoics amd Stoic Philosophy A B C D ... Z Stoics amd Stoic Philosophy The Stoic School was founded in 322 B.C. by Zeno of Cittium and existed until the closing of the Athenian schools (A.D. 429), (it took the name from the Stoa poikile , the painted hall or colonnade in which the lectures were held.) Its history may be divided into three parts: (1) Ancient Stoicism Middle Stoicism New Stoicism (1) Ancient Stoicism (322-204) eimarmene, logos ); Zeus, or providence, the eternal principle of finality adapting all other things to the needs of rational beings; the law determining the natural rules that govern the society of men and of the gods; the artistic fire, the expression of the active force which produced the world one, perfect, and complete from the beginning, with which it will be reunited through the universal conflagration, following a regular and ever recurring cycle. The popular gods are different forms of this force, described allegorically in myths. This view of nature is the basis for the optimism of the Stoic moral system; confidence in the instinctive faculties, which, in the absence of a perfect knowledge of the world, ought to guide man's actions; and again, the infallible wisdom of the sage, which Chrysippus tries to establish by a dialectic derived from Aristotle and the Cynics. But this optimism requires them to solve the following problems: the origin of the passions and the vices; the conciliation of fate and liberty; the origin of evil in the world. On the last two subjects they propounded, all the arguments that were advanced later up to the time of Leibniz.

54. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Eclecticism is represented among the Epicureans by Asclepiades of Bithynia; among the Stoicsby Boethus, Panetius of rhodes, (about 180110 BC), posidonius (about 50 BC http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05276a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... E > Eclecticism A B C D ... Z Eclecticism (Gr. ek, legein ; Lat. eligere , to select) A philosophical term meaning either a tendency of mind in a thinker to conciliate the different views or positions taken in regard to problems, or a system in philosophy which seeks the solution of its fundamental problems by selecting and uniting what it regards as true in the various philosophical schools. In the first sense, eclecticism is a characteristic of all the great philosophers, with special development in some, such as Leibniz; an element of the integral method of philosophy more or less emphasized in the divers schools. The term eclectics , however, is properly applied to those who accept Eclecticism as the true and fundamental system of philosophy. It is with Eclecticism in this strict sense that we are dealing here. As a rule, in the history of philosophy, Eclecticism follows a period of scepticism. In presence of conflicting doctrines regarding nature, life, and God , the human mind despairs of attaining scientific and exact knowledge about these important subjects. Eclecticism then aims at constructing a system broad and vague enough to include, or not to exclude, the principles of the divers schools, though giving at times more importance to those of one school, and apparently sufficient to furnish a basis for the conduct of life. In the latter period of Greek philosophy, during the two centuries preceding the Christian Era and the three centuries following, Eclecticism is represented among the Epicureans by Asclepiades of Bithynia; among the Stoics by Boethus, Panetius of Rhodes, (about 180-110

55. POSIDONIUS posidonius (c. 13050 BC), nicknamed the Athlete, Stoic philosopher, the most learnedman When he settled as a teacher at rhodes (hence his surname the Rhodian http://32.1911encyclopedia.org/P/PO/POSIDONIUS.htm

POSIDONIUS POSIDONIUS See Zeller, Philosophic der Griechen, iii. I, 570584 (in Eng. trans., Eclecticism, 5670); C. Muller, - Fragnzenta historicorum graecoruln, iii. 245296; J. Bake, Posidonji Rhodji reliquiae (Leiden, 1810), a valuable monograph; R. Scheppig, Dc Posidonio rerum gentium terrarum scriptore (Berlin, 1869); R. Hirzel, Untersuchungen Ia Ciceros philosophischen Schriften, i. 191 seq., ii. 257 seq., 325 seq., 477535, 756789, iii. 342378 (Leipzig, 1877); Thiaucourt, Essai sur les traitis philosophigues de Cicron (Paris, 1885); Schmekel, Die Philosophic der mittlern Stoa (1892); Arnold, Untersuchungen ber Theophanes von Mytilene and Posidonius von Apamea (1882). (See also SToIcs,) POSIDIPPUS POSITIVE (or PORTABLE) ORGAN

56. The Imperial Planets Cicero remained unconvinced, even after a stay on rhodes with the GreekStoic posidonius, and a close friendship with Nigidius Figulus. http://www.meta-religion.com/Esoterism/Astrology/imperial_planets.htm

to promote a multidisciplinary view of the religious, spiritual and esoteric phenomena. About Us Links Search Contact ... Science home YY Religion sections World Religions New R. Groups Ancient Religions Spirituality ... Extremism Science sections Archaeology Astronomy Linguistics Mathematics ... Contact The Web Metareligion More sections: Subscribe to the Metareligion Newsletter Submit your site Banners Index ... Polls Please, help us sustain this free site online. Make a donation using Paypal: Back to History of Astrology page The Imperial Planets http://www.astrology.com/imppla.html Towards the end of the 3rd century BC Greek drama and literature began to seriously interest the Romans. At first, astrology crept in at the lower end of the social scale: while the intelligentsia were enjoying Greek plays and poems, hoi polloi was fascinated by the crowds of fortune-tellers making their way - as quacks always will - towards a new source of easy money. But it was not long before, at first out of an interest in astronomy, intelligent Romans learned about the Greek preoccupation with the influence of the planets on humanity. By the 1st century BC, Cicero, always sceptical about astrology, took it seriously enough to summarize it without irony in his De divinatione:

57. The Practical Surveyor - Research Eratosthenes, Egypt, 230 BC, 3795.8, 4608.9. posidonius, Egypt and rhodes,100 BC, 4389.4. Abelseda, Arabia, 827, 3804.6, Albazen, Arabia, 1100,3774.4, http://www.orbitals.com/books/tps/research.html

The Practical Surveyor Research Institutions In researching information related to The Practical Surveyor , the following institutions were helpful. The New York State Library , for the first and second editions of Wyld's book on microfilm, and for the use of various other reference materials. The Boston Public Library , for allowing access to a first edition of The Practical Surveyor in their Rare Books room. The Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Library , for general reference and a somewhat battered fourth edition of the book. The New York State Museum , for access to the Charles E. Smart collection of surveying instruments. Radius of the Earth In Mr. Wyld's book, he provides a first-order Taylor series expansion to approximate the effects of the Earth's curvature on level measurements. In this formula, the radius of the Earth is taken to be a value of 3992 miles. This is neither the modern value nor exactly any of the values that were calculated by geodecists that preceded Samuel Wyld. Although it is possible the Mr. Wyld produced this formula himself, I believe it to be more likely that he copied it from another source. I would like to locate the original source and the original radius measurement. In modern geodesy, the Earth is approximated as an oblate spheroid, also referred to as an ellipsoid. The WGS1984 ellipsoid uses an equatorial radius of 6378137 meters (3963.19 miles), and a polar radius of 6356752 meters (3949.90 miles). Historically, although the Earth was suspected of not being spherical, no measurements had yet been made with sufficient accuracy to verify in what way it varied from a sphere.

58. Sources Littéraires - Collections Anglaises Et Américaines Translate this page 14a et b). posidonius The Translation of the Fragments. Volume III, ed. KiddIG, 1999, 414 p. (nr. 00). CR BMClR. Apollonius of rhodes. Argonautica. http://bcs.fltr.ucl.ac.be/SLAngl.html

Bibliotheca Classica Selecta Bibliographie d'orientation MOTEUR DE RECHERCHE DANS LA BCS Plan The Oxford Classical Texts (OCT) The Loeb Classical Library (LCL) Cambridge Classical Texts and Commentaries Cambridge Greek and Latin Classics ... Clarendon Ancient History Series The Oxford Classical Texts (OCT) La Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis (en anglais The Oxford Classical Texts, Plan de cette section The Loeb Classical Library (LCL) The Loeb Classical Library Remains of Old Latin, Greek Bucolic Poets The Minor Attic Orators Peruigilium Veneris Homerica dans le volume 57. La catalogue complet (142 k) est accessible sur le Plan de cette section Cambridge Classical Texts and Commentaries Alexis. The Fragments. A Commentary, ed. Arnott W. G., 1996, 886 p. (nr. 31). CR: BMCR Antiphon the Sophist. The Fragments, ed. Pendrick G. J., 2002, 472 p. (nr. 39). CR: BMCR Aratus. Phaenomena, ed. Kidd D., 1997, 614 p. (nr. 34). CR: BMCR Bion of Smyrna. The Fragments and the Adonis, ed. Reed J.D., 1997, 271 p. (nr. 33). CR: BMCR Cicero. Cato maior de senectute, ed. Powell J. G. F., 1988, 298 p. (nr. 28).

59. De RES HISTORIAEANTIQUA of, say, rhodes. This reading of longtitudinal degrees and minutes, should theneither be multiplied by 1.16% for the geodesic time base of posidonius, or by http://www.reshistoriaeantiqua.co.uk/Ptolcommhisp.htm

PTOLEMY'S GEOGRAPHIA DIDACTIC COMMENTARY ON HISPANIA Province of Hispanian Baetica Introduction The final form of the province of Baetica was created, by Augustus, in 27BC. from what had been, up until then, part of the province of Hispania Ulterior and assigned to the Senate. It then consisted of more than 175 inhabited settlements and was divided into four judicial sections. Outline of the Province In §2/8, Ptolemy sets out the boundaries of the province, tri–angular in shape, indicating that, on the western and northern sides it shares a boundary with Lusitania and Tarraconensis respectively and on the eastern and southern sides it shares the continuation of the boundary with Tarraconensis and the Outer and Balearic Seas respectively. The cardinal points given are; Ptolemy's coordinates as opposed to those of today South/West – mouth of Anas river (Guadiana) 4°20 North/East – location of this river where it crosses into Tarraconensis. 9° South/East – Promontory of Charidemi. 12° At first glance there would appear to be no relationship at all between Ptolemy's co–ordinates and those of the present time except to note that there is a severe longtitudinal drift to the west in his readings.

60. De RES HISTORIAE ANTIQUA based on the calculation of posidonius. This would make an average of four hundredstadia for one degree of longitude along the latitude of rhodes which, he http://www.reshistoriaeantiqua.co.uk/PtolcommI2.htm

PTOLEMY'S GEOGRAPHIA BOOK I - COMMENTARY ON DIDACTIC CONTENT PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF CARTOGRAPHY SECTIONS 6 - 17 Section Six Paragraph §1 gives us no idea of Marinus's dates, only that he prepared serious commentaries on the locations of various journeys and places throughout the known world. However, since Ptolemy draws attention to the various errors that have been introduced by copyists of Marinus’s work we must assume that a fair amount of time has elapsed since his work was carried out. Therefore, the translation of usuau o V ' to read 'latest' rather than 'last' is questionable and we should perhaps allow time for a much as much as two or three generations to have elapsed to make sense of Ptolemy. Less time than that would have allowed first hand accounts to have reached Ptolemy by virtue of generation overlap and reporting. Thus a margin of about one hundred years might seem to be an optimum figure. In which case we should be considering dates for Marinus that would precede and overlap the Claudian occupation of Britain and might account for some of the anomalies in the map references. In paragraph §2 Ptolemy agrees that the work of Marinus is so comprehensive as to need no additions – kan aphrkesen h in ap o u o uuwn µo nwn uwn up oµ nh au o n p o ieisqai uhn uhV o ik o u enhV kauagrajhn hden ui periergaz oµ en o iV However, he qualifies this by indicating that it is only right that if he, (Ptolemy) finds any passage that is at odds with a more modern concept or based on untrustworthy sources, it should be set right. Thus Ptolemy clearly takes on the role of editor rather than author, together with the supervisory role that all editors assume. We should not expect, therefore, that Ptolemy will introduce any new material, merely assume that he will conscientiously monitor the work of Marinus –

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