1. B Index Baker, Henry (794*) Ball, Walter W Rouse (706) Balmer, Johann (601*) Banach, Stefan(2533*) Banneker, Benjamin (892*) Banna, almarrakushi al (861), Banu Musa http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Indexes/B.html

Names beginning with B The number of words in the biography is given in brackets. A * indicates that there is a portrait. Babbage , Charles (2793*) Bachelier , Louis (1384*) Bachet , Claude (165) Bachmann , Paul (386*) Backus , John (542*) Bacon , Roger (657*) Baer , Reinhold (596*) Baghdadi , Abu al (947) Baire Baker , Alan (647*) Baker , Henry (794*) Ball , Walter W Rouse (706) Balmer , Johann (601*) Banach , Stefan (2533*) Banneker , Benjamin (892*) Banna , al-Marrakushi al (861) Banu Musa brothers Banu Musa, al-Hasan Banu Musa, Ahmad Banu Musa, Jafar ... bar Hiyya , Abraham (641) Barbier , Joseph Emile (637) Bari , Nina (403*) Barlow , Peter (623) Barnes , Ernest (609*) Barocius , Franciscus (201) Barrow , Isaac (2332*) Barozzi , Francesco (201) Bartholin , Erasmus (189) Batchelor , George (1035*) Bateman , Harry (1651*) Battaglini , Guiseppe (102*) Baudhayana Battani , Abu al- (1333*) Baxter , Agnes (624*) Bayes , Thomas (538*) Beaugrand , Jean (222) Beaune , Florimond de (316) Beg , Ulugh (1219*) Bell, Eric Temple Bell, John Bellavitis , Giusto (762*) Beltrami , Eugenio (1057*) ben Ezra , Abraham (552) ben Gerson , Levi (268) ben Tibbon , Jacob (198) Bendixson , Ivar Otto (1208*) Benedetti , Giovanni (211) Bergman , Stefan (311*) Berkeley , George (239*) Bernays , Paul Isaac (772*) Bernoulli, Daniel

2. Mathem_abbrev Babbage, Charles Bachet de Méziriac, C Baghdadi, Abu al Banna, almarrakushi alBanu Musa brothers bar Hiyya, Abraham Barrow, Isaac Battani, Abu al- Bayes http://www.pbcc.cc.fl.us/faculty/domnitcj/mgf1107/mathrep1.htm

Mathematician Report Index Below is a list of mathematicians. You may choose from this list or report on a mathematician not listed here. In either case, you must discuss with me the mathematician you have chosen prior to starting your report. No two students may write a report on the same mathematician. I would advise you to go to the library before choosing your topic as there might not be much information on the mathematician you have chosen. Also, you should determine the topic early in the term so that you can "lock-in" your report topic!! The report must include: 1. The name of the mathematician. 2. The years the mathematician was alive. 3. A biography. 4. The mathematician's major contribution(s) to mathematics and an explanation of the importance. 5. A historical perspective during the time the mathematician was alive. Some suggestions on the historical perspective might be: (a) Any wars etc. (b) Scientific breakthroughs of the time (c) Major discoveries of the time (d) How did this mathematician change history etc.

3. Full Alphabetical Index Translate this page 102*) Baker, Alan (647*) Baker, Henry (195*) Ball, Walter W Rouse (85) Balmer,Johann (95*) Banach, Stefan (2533*) Banna, al-marrakushi al (861) Banu Musa http://alas.matf.bg.ac.yu/~mm97106/math/alphalist.htm

Full Alphabetical Index The number of words in the biography is given in brackets. A * indicates that there is a portrait. A Abbe , Ernst (602*) Abel , Niels Henrik (2899*) Abraham bar Hiyya (641) Abraham, Max Abu Kamil Shuja (1012) Abu Jafar Abu'l-Wafa al-Buzjani (1115) Ackermann , Wilhelm (205) Adams, John Couch Adams, J Frank Adelard of Bath (1008) Adler , August (114) Adrain , Robert (79*) Adrianus , Romanus (419) Aepinus , Franz (124) Agnesi , Maria (2018*) Ahlfors , Lars (725*) Ahmed ibn Yusuf (660) Ahmes Aida Yasuaki (696) Aiken , Howard (665*) Airy , George (313*) Aitken , Alec (825*) Ajima , Naonobu (144) Akhiezer , Naum Il'ich (248*) al-Baghdadi , Abu (947) al-Banna , al-Marrakushi (861) al-Battani , Abu Allah (1333*) al-Biruni , Abu Arrayhan (3002*) al-Farisi , Kamal (1102) al-Haitam , Abu Ali (2490*) al-Hasib Abu Kamil (1012) al-Haytham , Abu Ali (2490*) al-Jawhari , al-Abbas (627) al-Jayyani , Abu (892) al-Karaji , Abu (1789) al-Karkhi al-Kashi , Ghiyath (1725*) al-Khazin , Abu (1148) al-Khalili , Shams (677) al-Khayyami , Omar (2140*) al-Khwarizmi , Abu (2847*) al-Khujandi , Abu (713) al-Kindi , Abu (1151) al-Kuhi , Abu (1146) al-Maghribi , Muhyi (602) al-Mahani , Abu (507) al-Marrakushi , ibn al-Banna (12)

4. Www.mondatlas.de: Bilder Zu Den Koordinaten 55.8 Grad, -10.4 Grad Full Alphabetical Index Translate this page Baker, Henry (195*) Ball, Walter W Rouse (85) Balmer, Johann (95*) Banach, Stefan(2533*) Banneker, Benjamin (892*) Banna, al-marrakushi al (861) Banu Musa http://www.mondatlas.de/cgi-bin/createrequestanswerpage.pl?request=feature&featu

5. Les Grands Hommes Sur La Lune Translate this page Bakri Albategnius Al-Biruni Alden Alder Aldrin Aldrovandi Alekhin Alexander AlfraganusAlhazen Aliacensis Al-Khwarizmi Almanon Al-marrakushi aloha Alpetragius http://www.echodelta.net/reconquete/lune/gdshoms.html

Accueil Le Monde Lunaire Autour de la Lune Une Histoire de la Reconquête... ... Liens Les Grands Hommes sur la Lune Ces hommes et ces femmes ont contribué de par leur oeuvre à parfaire notre connaissance de l'univers, et à repousser les limites de notre monde terrestre. Scientifiques, explorateurs, écrivains et philosophes se sont donnés rendez-vous sur l'objet céleste symbolisant le mieux leur soif - notre soif - de découverte et de conquête... Abbe Abbot Abel Abenezra Abetti Abul Wáfa Abulfeda Acosta Adams Agassi Agatharchides Agricola Agrippa Airy Aitken Al-Bakri Albategnius Al-Biruni Alden Alder Aldrin Aldrovandi Alekhin Alexander Alfraganus Alhazen Aliacensis Al-Khwarizmi Almanon Al-Marrakushi Aloha Alpetragius Alphonsus Alter Ameghino Amici Ammonius Amontons Amundsen Anaxagoras Anaximander Anaximenes Andel Anders Anderson Andersson Andronov Andrusov Angström Ansgarius Antoniadi Anuchin Anville Apianus Apollonius Appleton Arago Aratus Archimedes Archytas Arduino Argand Argelander Ariadaeus Aristarchus Aristillus Aristoteles Armínski Armstrong Arnold Arrhenius Artamonov Artemev Artsimovich Aryabhata Arzachel Asada Asclepi Ashbrook Aston Atwood Autolycus Auwers Auzout Avery Avicenna Avogadro Azara Azophi Cabannes Cabeus Cajal Cajori Calippus Cameron Campanus Campbell Cannizzaro Cannon Cantor Capella Capuanus Cardanus Carlini Carmichael Carnot Carpenter Carrel Carrillo Carrington Cartan Carver Casatus Cassegrain Cassini Catalán Catharina Cauchy Cavalerius Cavendish Caventou Cayeux Cayley Celsius Censorinus Chacornac Chadwick Chaffee Challis Chalonge Chamberlin Champollion Chandler Chang Heng Chant Chaplygin Chapman Chappe Chappell Charlier Chaucer Chauvenet Chebyshev Chernyshev Chevallier Chladni Chrétien Cichus Clairaut Clark Clausius Clavius Cleomedes Cleostratus Clerke Cloos Coblentz Cockcroft Collins Colombo Compton Comrie Comstock Conon Condorcet Congreve Conon Cook Cooper Copernicus Cori Coriolis Couder Coulomb Cremona Crile Crocco Crommelin Crookes Crozier Crüger Ctesibius Curie Curtis Curtius Cusanus Cushman Cuvier Cyrano Cyrillus Cysatus

6. Aa, Personal , Ahmet Kaya ,Þebnem Ferah , Göksel , Ebru Gündeþ 647*) Baker, Henry (195*) Ball, Walter W Rouse (85) Balmer, Johann (601*) Banach,Stefan (2533*) Banneker, Benjamin (892*) Banna, almarrakushi al (861) Banu http://www.newturk.net/index111.html

English Turkish German French ... Spanish Top20 Free 1. Sexy toplist 3. Hitboss 4. Top20 Free 6. Webservis 7. ErciToplist 8. Sorf Toplist DO YOU WANT TO GET A FREE ALBUM Than click here. This is the easiest and free way. Create your own digital foto album. Click here and download it free. FLIPALBUM creates wicked 3D page-flipping photo album instantly and automatically. ALL FUN! NO HASSLE! Get your FREE TRIAL DOWNLOAD! HOVERFLY-2 INDOOR HELICOPTER Hoverfly is a great little helicopter. It comes attractively finished and ready to fly. It’s small, tough and quiet - and it flies indoors. Yet it handles just like its bigger brothers. You have a web site and you want to earn money, then click here. We recommend you the Otherlandtoys.co.uk, Commission Junction Program WWW Google Altavista document.write(""); document.write(""); document.write(""); document.write(""); var isjs=0, site=665, icon=3; var id = 100 document.write(""); var isjs=0, site=1780, icon=1; Search Web Auctions Forums Jobs for Free Mail UK Banner X Rate this site at CMATHER.COM Top 100! 10- Best 1- Worst Rate this site!

7. 2muslims.com - Muslims Internet Directory & Search Engine: Write A Review For Al Advance. Home Write A Review/Sign GuestBook For almarrakushi al-BannaHello, Guest! Please fill out the form below completely http://2muslims.com/cgi-bin/links/review.cgi?ID=6482&add_review=1

8. Islamic Medical Manuscripts: Bio-Bibliographies 1281/680) In Cairo about 1281/680 almarrakushi compiled a comprehensive and detailedencyclopedia on spherical astronomy, time-keeping, and astronomical http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/arabic/bioM.html

Bio-Bibliographies A B C D ... K M N O P Q ... Z Mahbub (dates uncertain) All we know of this figure is that he is named as a translator from Armenian into Arabic of a veterinary treatise carried off to Egypt in 1266 by the Egyptian ruler al-Malik al-Zahir Rukn al-Din Baybars (ruled 1260-1277). The National Library of Medicine has one of the rare copies of this curious Formulary for the Horse (NLM MS A 4 For this treatise and its translation into Arabic, see Ullmann, Medizin , p. 221. Mahmud ibn Ilyas Shirazi (before 1700) Jawahir al-maqal (a copy of which is preserved in NLM MS P 25, item 2 Catalogue of the Persian, Turkish, Hindustani, and Pushtu Manuscripts in the Bodleian Library (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1889), col. 969 entry 1609. d. Ayyubid ruler of Egypt at the time of the Crusades. Maimonides composed several medical writings, all in Arabic but sometimes preserved in manuscripts where the Arabic is written in Hebrew script. His short essay on the treatment of hemorrhoids is preserved in a copy at NLM. A project is ongoing to publish new editions and translations of all of his medical writings, to be published by Brigham Young University, Utah, in the monograph series "The Graeco-Arabic Sciences". For his life and medical writings, see G. Vajda, "Ibn Mayman" in EI (2nd ed.)

9. Islamic Medical Manuscripts, Medical Poetry 6 Abu ‘ali almarrakushi was a very important astronomer whose encyclopaedia onspherical astronomy, time-keeping, and astronomical instruments, compiled in http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/arabic/poetry_6.html

Catalogue: Medical Poetry (MS A 85, item 3) Signs of Well-being in Readily Available Foodstuffs Marrakushi fl. This poem on detecting signs of healthfulness in foodstuffs readily available appears to be the only medical treatise preserved today that is attributed to him. If it was in fact composed by him, it may have been his only medical writing. No other copy is recorded. It has not yet been published or studied. (MS A 85, item 3) MS A 85, fol. 52b Marrakushi . The copy is undated, possibly early 19th-century. No other copy is recorded. Arabic. 21 leaves (fols. 52b-72b) Dimensions 30.4 x 19.3 (text area 22.5 x 13.2) cm; 31 lines per page. The author's name is given as al-shaykh al-faqir al-tabib fol. 52b fol. 52b line 2. The copy is undated and unsigned. The appearance of the paper, script, and ink suggests a date of the early 19th century. Apparently a complete copy of the poem. The entire volume is written in a very fine North African ( Maghribi ) script by one unnamed copyist . The text area has been frame-ruled . Black ink with headings and marginal headings in red and blue-green. The text is written within frames of red and green lines. There are

10. The Battle Of Las Novas De Tolosa The first account comes from the Muslim text almarrakushi, al-Mu'jib, which was written in 1224 victory at Salvatierra, the Amir al-Mu'minin Abu `Abd-allah called http://www.deremilitari.org/RESOURCES/SOURCES/tolosa.htm

The Battle of Las Novas de Tolosa (1212) One of the most important battles fought on the Iberian peninsula, this was the culmination of a major campaign by Alfonso VIII of Castile against the Almohads. The battle took place on July 16, 1212. The first account comes from the Muslim text al-Marrakushi, al-Mu'jib, which was written in 1224. The second account is the report which Alfonso sent to the Pope just days after the battle. The battle of al-`Iqab and the defeat of the Muslims The Commander of the Faithful left Jaen and encountered Alfonso at a place called al-`Iqab, near the castle called Hisn Salim. Alfonso drew up his army, arranged his men and launched a surprise attack on the Muslims, who were not prepared for battle. They were defeated, and a great number of the Almohads were killed. The main reason for this defeat was the divisions in the hearts of the Almohads. In the time of Abu Yusuf Ya'qub they drew their pay every four months without fail. But in the time of this Abu `Abd-Allah, and especially during this particular campaign, their payment was in arrears. They attributed this to the viziers, and rebelled in disgust. I have heard from several of them that they did not draw their swords nor train their spears, nor did they take any part in the preparations for battle. With this in mind, they fled at the first assault of the Franks. This Abu `Abd-Allah stood firm on that day like no king before him; were it not for his steadfastness, the whole of that army would have be been exterminated, either killed or captured. He then returned to Seville and remained there till Ramadan (January 1213), when he crossed over to Marrakesh... This great defeat of the Muslims took place on the Monday in mid Safar 609 (14 Safar = 16 July).

11. Al-Banna almarrakushi ibn al-Banna. Born 29 Dec 1256 in Marrakesh,Morocco Died 1321 in Marrakesh, Morocco. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Al-Banna.html

al-Marrakushi ibn Al-Banna Born: 29 Dec 1256 in Marrakesh, Morocco Died: 1321 in Marrakesh, Morocco Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Ibn al-Banna is also known as Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi. It is a little unclear whether al-Banna was born in the city of Marrakesh or whether it was the region of Marrakesh which was named Morocco by Europeans. There is a claim that al-Banna was born in Granada in Spain and moved to North Africa for his education. What is certain is that he spent most of his life in Morocco. Morocco was certainly the country that al-Banna was educated in, learning the leading mathematical skills of the period. He studied geometry in general, and Euclid 's Elements in particular. He also studied fractional numbers and learnt much of the impressive contributions that the Arabs had made to mathematics over the preceding 400 years. The Marinids had a strong culture for learning and Fez became their centre of learning. At the university in Fez Al-Banna taught all branches of mathematics, which at this time included arithmetic, algebra, geometry and astronomy. Fez was a thriving city with a new quarter being built housing the Royal Palace and the adjoining Great Mosque. Many students studied under al-Banna in this thriving academic community. It is clear that al-Banna wrote a large number of works, in fact 82 are listed by Renaud (see for example [9]). Not all are on mathematics, but the mathematical texts included an introduction to

12. Al-Banna Biography of Ibn alBanna (1256-1321) al-marrakushi ibn al-Banna. Born 29 Dec 1256 in Marrakesh, Morocco Ibn al-Banna is also known as Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Al-Banna.html

al-Marrakushi ibn Al-Banna Born: 29 Dec 1256 in Marrakesh, Morocco Died: 1321 in Marrakesh, Morocco Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Ibn al-Banna is also known as Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi. It is a little unclear whether al-Banna was born in the city of Marrakesh or whether it was the region of Marrakesh which was named Morocco by Europeans. There is a claim that al-Banna was born in Granada in Spain and moved to North Africa for his education. What is certain is that he spent most of his life in Morocco. Morocco was certainly the country that al-Banna was educated in, learning the leading mathematical skills of the period. He studied geometry in general, and Euclid 's Elements in particular. He also studied fractional numbers and learnt much of the impressive contributions that the Arabs had made to mathematics over the preceding 400 years. The Marinids had a strong culture for learning and Fez became their centre of learning. At the university in Fez Al-Banna taught all branches of mathematics, which at this time included arithmetic, algebra, geometry and astronomy. Fez was a thriving city with a new quarter being built housing the Royal Palace and the adjoining Great Mosque. Many students studied under al-Banna in this thriving academic community. It is clear that al-Banna wrote a large number of works, in fact 82 are listed by Renaud (see for example [9]). Not all are on mathematics, but the mathematical texts included an introduction to

13. Syllabus 1 Abu Abdallah Muhammad almarrakushi, al-Dhayl wa-l-takmila, vol Ihsan Abbas, Beirut 1965 (Dar al-Thaqafa). Read pages 616-20. http://www.princeton.edu/~taljamil/Syllabus-2.htm

Department of Religion Princeton University Studies in Islamic Religion and Society: Shi’i Islam in the Medieval Period Through Texts and Contexts Instructor: Tariq al-Jamil, Rm. 015, 1879 Hall, 258-2763, taljamil@princeton.edu Course Description: This course will explore the religious and historical presence of Imami Shi’ite Muslims in central Islamic lands during the Medieval Period (A.H. 5 th th C.E.-A.H. 9 th th C.E.). In particular we will consider the origins, formative development, fundamental institutions, and religious thought and practices of Ithna ‘ashari Shi’ites in the Hijaz. In search of our narrative we will read a broad range of Arabic texts from various genres of medieval scholarship including: biography, chronicles, hadith, philosophy and Qur’anic exegesis. The picture which emerges will be solely the product of our collective labor in this seminar, given that secondary sources on this topic are virtually non-existent, and the available Arabic sources are often scattered and in many cases vague or inconsistent. Hence, this course is designed to provide clarity by developing a preliminary framework for inquiry into the religious life of Medieval Ithna ‘ashari Shi’ites through critical examination of primary sources. Course Requirements: Course Schedule: Week 1.

14. Myth 8 - Islam Is A Tolerant Religion due to the influence of the Damascene theologian alTaymiya (1263-1328 AD). The son of a theologian al-marrakushi, a Muslim historian of the almohad reign in North Africa http://www.studytoanswer.net/myths_ch8.html

Myth #8 Islam is a Tolerant Religion Toleration - The American Example Islamic Intolerance of Opposing Views Islamic Intolerance Towards Other Religions Dhimmitude ... Islam Uber Alles By Any Means Necessary To evaluate the degree of tolerance in Islam, the term must be defined. For the purposes of this exposition, I shall eschew the "modern" definition of "tolerance" as espoused by the Political Correctness fascists on our college campuses, which gives the idea that all viewpoints, ideas, cultures, etc. etc. are equal and equally valid, and ought to be promoted equally. Instead, I shall go by the simple dictionary definition. "Tolerate", as defined by the Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary is, "To suffer to be, or to be done, without prohibition or hindrance; to allow or permit by not preventing." Thus, tolerance essentially means that you may not agree with something, but you do not hinder this "something" from being practiced, said, taught, etc. Tolerance does NOT mean agreeing with everything you hear, or promoting every viewpoint. From the standpoint of the discussion at hand, it merely means to not hinder another person from practicing a different religious faith or saying something with which you disagree.

15. JAS: Arabic & Islamic Crater-Names On The Moon 04, alBiruni, al-Biruni, 18 N, 93 E, 77. 05, al-Khwarizmi, al-Khwarizmi, 7 N, 106E, 65. 06, al-marrakushi, al-marrakushi, 10 S, 56 E, 8. 07, albategnius, al-Battani,12 S, 4 E, 114. http://www.jas.org.jo/cra.html

No. Name Arabic Name Arabic Name Latitude Longitude Dia(Km) Abul Wafa Abu al-Wafa 1 N 117 E Abulfeda Abu al-Feda' 14 S 14 E Al-Bakri Al-Bakri 14 N 20 E Al-Biruni Al-Biruni 18 N 93 E Al-Khwarizmi Al-Khwarizmi 7 N 106 E Al-Marrakushi Al-Marrakushi 10 S 56 E Albategnius Al-Battani 12 S 4 E Alfraganus Al-Farghani 5 S 19 E Alhazen Al-Hasan Ibn al-Haytham 16 N 72 E Almanon Al-Ma'mun 17 S 15 E Alpetragius Al-Bitruji 16 S 5 W Arzachel Al-Zarqalluh 18 S 2 W Avicenna Ibn Sina 40 N 97 W Azophi Al-Sufi 22 S 13 E Geber Jabir Ibn Aflah 19 S 14 E Ibn Battuta Ibn Battutah 7 S 50 E Ibn Firnas Ibn Firnas 7 N 122 E Ibn Yunus Ibn Yunus 14 N 91 E Ibn-Rushd Ibn Rushd 12 S 22 E Messala Ma-Sha' Allah al-Basri 39 N 61 E Nasireddin Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 41 S E Omar Khayyam Omar al-Khayyam 58 N 102 W Thebit Thabit Ibn Qurrah 22 S 4 W Ulugh Beigh Ulugh Bek 33 N 82 W The above list was revised by Prof. Paul Kunitzsch. If you know other Arab or Islamic crater-names, would you kindly inform us about them. Back to JAS' Home Page Send E-mail or contact us at : The Jordanian Astronomical Society (JAS), P.O.Box 141568, Amman 11814 Jordan

16. Search Results For Al - Encyclopædia Britannica Quds, al (Isr.-occupied terr.)' Iraq, al- Maghrib, al- Urdun, al programs, admission procedures, and facilities provided. al-marrakushi ibn al-Banna. University of St.Andrews, Scotland http://www.britannica.com/search?query=Al&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT

17. Www.nrl.navy.mil/cgi-bin/clementine/clib/features/lunar_fea.pl?which=crater_a_c Biografia de Idari almarrakushi, Ibn - Translate this page Idari al-marrakushi, Ibn. (ss. XIII-XIV) Historiador musulmán. Sólose conoce que era marroquí y que escribió en 1306 la Historia http://www.nrl.navy.mil/cgi-bin/clementine/clib/features/lunar_fea.pl?which=crat

18. Índice Alfabético - I Translate this page Ibsen, Henrik Ibuse Masuji Icaza, Carmen de Icaza, Francisco de Asís Icaza, JorgeIchaso y Macías, Francisco Ictino Idari al-marrakushi, Ibn Idiáquez o http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/i/index0001.htm

Inicio Buscador Utilidades Recomendar sitio Enlaces I Ibarguren, Carlos Ibarra, Francisco de Ibarra, Gregorio Ibarra, Juan Pedro de ... Iglesias, Roberto Inicio Buscador Recomendar sitio

19. The Battle Of Zallaqa between 1091 and 1094. This account of the battle is from a Abd alWahidal marrakushi, written in 1224. Unlike most other Arabic http://www.deremilitari.org/RESOURCES/SOURCES/zallaqa.htm

The Battle of Zallaqa (1086) As Christian forces gained more lands from the various Ta'ifa kingdoms in the eleventh-century, the Muslim kings turned to Yusuf b. Tashufin, the ruler of the Almoravids of North Africa. His forces went into Spain, and at the Battle of Zallaqa, defeated the forces of Alfonso (also called Alphonso) VI. This victory not only brought a temporary halt to the Christian advances on Muslim lands, but also led to the establishment of the Almoravid empire in Spain between 1091 and 1094. This account of the battle is from a 'Abd al-Wahid al Marrakushi, written in 1224. Unlike most other Arabic accounts of this victory, this work is mostly free of legendary and mythic elements. Click here to read another account of the Battle of Zallaqa The Almoravids in al-Andalus When it was 479 (1086), al-Mu‘tamid ‘al-Allah crossed the sea, heading for Marrakesh, to seek help from Yusuf b. Tashufin against the Christians. The said Yusuf gave him a warm welcome and housed him in the finest style, and enquired what he wanted. [Al-Mu'tamid] mentioned that he wished to attack Christian territory and wanted the Amir al-Muslimin [Yusuf] to supply him with horses and men to help him wage war. The Commander of the Muslims hastened to grant his request, and said, "I am the first to be entrusted to come to the assistance of this faith, and none other than I myself will take charge of the matter!" Al-Mu'tamid returned to al-Andalus happy with the assistance promised him by the Amir al-Muslimin; he did not know that his destruction lay in this arrangement. He drew a sword that he thought was for him, and did not know that it was against him.

20. List Of Lunar Craters al Mamun, Persian astronomer);al-marrakushi (after al-marrakushi, Moroccan astronomer); aloha (a http://www.fact-index.com/l/li/list_of_lunar_craters.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index List of Lunar craters This is a list of the craters on the Moon A B C ... Z A Abbe (after Ernst Abbe, German physicist) Abbot (after Charles Greeley Abbot , American astrophysicist) Abduh (after Mohammad Abduh, Egyptian writer) Abel (after Niels Henrik Abel Abenezra (after Abraham ibn Ezra Abetti (after Antonio Abetti, Italian astronomer) Abulfeda (after Ismael Abul-fida, Syrian geographer) Acosta (after Cristobal Acosta, Portuguese doctor) Adams (jointly after astronomers John Couch Adams , Walter Sidney Adams, and Charles H. Adams) Agatharchides (after Agatharchides Agrippa (after Agrippa, Greek astronomer) Airy (after George Biddell Airy Aitken (after Robert Aitken, American astronomer) Akis (a common Greek female name) Alan (a common Irish male name) Al-Bakri (after A. A. al-Bakri, Spanish-Arabian geographer) Albategnius (after al-Batani Al-Biruni (after al-Biruni Alden (after Harold Alden, American astronomer) Alder (after Kurt Alder , German chemist) Aldrin (after Buzz Aldrin Alekhin (after Nikolai Alekhin, Soviet rocket designer) Alexander (after Alexander the Great Alfraganus (after al Fargani, Persian astronomer)

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

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