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         Malus Etienne Louis:     more detail
  1. 1775 Births: André-Marie Ampère, Jane Austen, J. M. W. Turner, Paul Johann Anselm Ritter Von Feuerbach, Lucien Bonaparte, Étienne-Louis Malus
  2. Etienne-Louis Malus (1775-1812) et la théorie corpusculaire de la by André Chappert, 2002-10-07

1. Malus
Etienne Louis Malus. Honours awarded to Etienne Louis Malus (Click a link below for the full list of mathematicians honoured in this way).
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Malus.html
Etienne Louis Malus
Born: 23 July 1775 in Paris, France
Died: 24 Feb 1812 in Paris, France
Click the picture above
to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
Monge
who realised Malus had special mathematical talents. In 1793 Malus left the school, having been dismissed for political reasons. Fourier , and he was perhaps the most able of all of Fourier While in Cairo, Napoleon's fleet was destroyed in Aboukir Bay and Malus wrote, see [3], From then on we realised that all our communications with Europe were broken. We began to lose hope of ever seeing our native land again. At Napoleon's instigation, while they were in Cairo, the Cairo Institute was set up having 12 mathematical members. As well as Malus these included Monge Fourier and Napoleon Bonaparte himself. After returning in 1801 Malus held posts in Antwerp, Strasbourg, and Paris. His mathematical work was almost entirely concerned with the study of light. This involved him in studying geometrical systems called ray systems, closely connected to 's line complexes. He conducted experiments to verify

2. Malus
Etienne Louis Malus. Born 23 July Etienne Louis Malus s father was Louis Malus de Mitry and was Treasurer of France. Etienne Louis was
http://intranet.woodvillehs.sa.edu.au/pages/resources/maths/History/Mls.htm
Etienne Louis Malus
Born: 23 July 1775 in Paris, France
Died: 24 Feb 1812 in Paris, France
Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index
Previous
(Alphabetically) Next Welcome page Etienne Louis Malus Monge who realised Malus had special mathematical talents. In 1793 Malus left the school, having been dismissed for political reasons. Fourier , and he was perhaps the most able of all of Fourier 's pupils. He was to remain associated with Ecole Polytechnique as an examiner all his life. While studying at the Ecole Polytechnique Malus began to undertake original research, writing papers on the path of light through materials of differing refractive indices. After graduating from the Ecole Polytechnique Malus rejoined the army, this time taking part in campaigns on the Rhine in 1797. As an army engineer Malus was ordered to accompany Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in 1798. This did not greatly please him since at the time that he received the order he was stationed in the town of Giessen, as part of the occupying force, and he was about to marry the daughter of the Chancellor of the University of Giessen. While in Cairo, Napoleon's fleet was destroyed in Aboukir Bay and Malus wrote, see [3]

3. Malus, Etienne Louis. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001. malus, Étienne louis.
http://www.bartleby.com/65/ma/Malus-Et.html
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4. Étienne-Louis Malus --  Encyclopædia Britannica
Cite this article. Étiennelouis malus. born June 23, 1775, Paris MLA style " etienne-louis malus." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2004
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=51617

5. Scientific Identity: Portraits From The Dibner Library Of The History Of Science
Adams, Walter Sydney. Agassiz, louis. Agrippa von Nettesheim, Heinrich Cornelius MalteBrun, Conrad. malus, etienne louis. Manfredi, Eustachio. Mapes, James Jay
http://web4.si.edu/sil/scientific-identity/group_by_name.cfm
Please select from the list of Scientists below:
Abel, Frederick Augustus

Abernethy, John

Achard, Franz Carl

Adams, Jack
...
Zeppelin, Ferdinand, Graf von

6. Malus, Etienne Louis
malus, etienne louis 17751812, French artillery officer and physicist. In 1810 he stated his discovery of the polarization of light by reflection and published a memoir of his theory of double
http://www.slider.com/enc/33000/Malus_Etienne_Louis.htm

7. Malus Portrait
etienne louis malus. JOC/EFR September 2003 The URL of this page is © Copyright information. http//wwwhistory.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/PictDisplay/malus.html.
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/PictDisplay/Malus.html
Etienne Louis Malus
JOC/EFR September 2003 The URL of this page is:
http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/PictDisplay/Malus.html

8. Malus, Etienne Louis
malus, etienne louis (17751812). French physicist who discovered the polarization of light by reflection from a surface (see polarized light.
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/M/Malus/1.html
Malus, Etienne Louis French physicist who discovered the polarization of light by reflection from a surface (see polarized light. He also found the law of polarization that relates the intensity of the polarized beam to the angle of reflection.
Malus was born in Paris and studied there at the Ecole Polytechnique. From 1796 he was in the army, taking part in Napoleon's campaign in Egypt and Syria in 1798 and eventually rising to major, but he was also an examiner for the Ecole Polytechnique.
Malus began doing experiments on double refraction in 1807. This phenomenon causes a light beam to split in two on passing through Iceland spar and certain other crystals. An empirical description had been given by Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens , based on the assumption that light is wavelike in character, and Malus's results confirmed Huygens's laws.
In 1808, Malus held a piece of Iceland spar up to some light reflecting off a window. To his surprise, the light beam emanating from the crystal was single, not double. He then noted that of the two beams that normally emerge from the crystal, only one was reflected from a water surface if the crystal was held at a certain angle. The other passed into the water and was refracted. If the crystal was turned perpendicular, the second beam was reflected and the first refracted. He described the light as being 'polarized'.

9. ETIENNE LOUIS MALUS
malus, etienne louis (17751812), French physicist, was born at Paris on the 23rd of June 1775. He entered the military engineering school at Mezires;
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/M/MA/MALUS_ETIENNE_LOUIS.htm
ETIENNE LOUIS MALUS
MALUS, ETIENNE LOUIS HEINRICH VON, BARON ZU WARTENBURG UND PENZLIN MALTZAN MALVACEAE

10. A Brief History Of Optics
p365, 1802. 1808, etienne louis malus (France). As a result of observing light reflected from the windows of the Palais Luxembourg
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/Physics/Optics/briefhistory/briefhi
Themes Science Physics Optics
~300 BC

Euclid (Alexandria) In his Optica he noted that light travels in straight lines and described the law of reflection. He believed that vision involves rays going from the eyes to the object seen and he studied the relationship between the apparent sizes of objects and the angles that they subtend at the eye
Probably
between
100 BC and 150 AD
Hero (also known as Heron) of Alexandria. In his Catoptrica , Hero showed by a geometrical method that the actual path taken by a ray of light reflected from a plane mirror is shorter than any other reflected path that might be drawn between the source and point of observation.
~140 AD

Claudius Ptolemy (Alexandria). In a twelfth-century latin translation from the arabic that is assigned to Ptolemy, a study of refraction, including atmospheric refraction, was described. It was suggested that the angle of refraction is proportional to the angle of incidence
Ibn-al-Haitham ( also known as Alhazen) (b. Basra). In his investigations, he used spherical and parabolic mirrors and was aware of spherical aberration. He also investigated the magnification produced by lenses and atmospheric refraction. His work was translated into latin and became accessible to later european scholars

11. ETIENNE LOUIS MALUS
malus, etienne louis (17751812), French physicist, was born at Paris on the 23rd of June 1775. He Mezires;. etienne louis malus.
http://31.1911encyclopedia.org/M/MA/MALUS_ETIENNE_LOUIS.htm
ETIENNE LOUIS MALUS
MALUS, ETIENNE LOUIS HEINRICH VON, BARON ZU WARTENBURG UND PENZLIN MALTZAN MALVACEAE

12. Malus
Biography of etienne louis malus (17751812) etienne louis malus. Born 23 July 1775 in Paris, France Étienne louis malus's father was louis malus de Mitry and was Treasurer of France. Étienne louis was first educated
http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Malus.html
Etienne Louis Malus
Born: 23 July 1775 in Paris, France
Died: 24 Feb 1812 in Paris, France
Click the picture above
to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index
Monge
who realised Malus had special mathematical talents. In 1793 Malus left the school, having been dismissed for political reasons. Fourier , and he was perhaps the most able of all of Fourier While in Cairo, Napoleon's fleet was destroyed in Aboukir Bay and Malus wrote, see [3], From then on we realised that all our communications with Europe were broken. We began to lose hope of ever seeing our native land again. At Napoleon's instigation, while they were in Cairo, the Cairo Institute was set up having 12 mathematical members. As well as Malus these included Monge Fourier and Napoleon Bonaparte himself. After returning in 1801 Malus held posts in Antwerp, Strasbourg, and Paris. His mathematical work was almost entirely concerned with the study of light. This involved him in studying geometrical systems called ray systems, closely connected to 's line complexes. He conducted experiments to verify

13. Etienne-Louis Malus
etiennelouis malus. etienne-louis malus (July 23, 1775 - February 24, 1812) was a French officer, engineer, physicist, and mathematician.
http://www.fact-index.com/e/et/etienne_louis_malus.html
Main Page See live article Alphabetical index
Etienne-Louis Malus
Etienne-Louis Malus July 23 February 24 ) was a French officer engineer physicist , and mathematician Malus was born in Paris France . He participated in the expedition into Egypt to . Malus became a member of the French academy of sciences in His ground-breaking contribution in Optics was to define a measure ( orientation angle ) by which to characterize relations between a light source and a system of detectors. In applying such basic measurements, Malus determined the reflectivity of various sets of surfaces, and the birefringence of various translucent media.
This article is from Wikipedia . All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License

14. Et Cetera
etienne Geoffroy SaintHilaire etienne-Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre MacDonald etienne Jodelle etienne Joseph louis Garnier-Pages etienne-louis malus etienne Marc
http://www.fact-index.com/e/et/
ET
Et cetera

Et in Arcadia ego

Et-Tell
ET
Et cetera

Et in Arcadia ego

Et-Tell
...
Etzel

15. History
A Ridiculously Brief History of Electricity and Magnetism. Mostly from E. T. Whittaker's. A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity 1808 etienne louis malus, a military engineer, enters a prize competition sponsored by the French Academy ``To furnish Magnus - 900 BC. malus, etienne louis - 1808. Mascart, E
http://maxwell.byu.edu/~spencerr/phys442/node4.html
Next: Review Sheet Up: No Title Previous: Homework Assignments
History
A Ridiculously Brief History of Electricity and Magnetism Mostly from E. T. Whittaker's A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity... 900 BC - Magnus, a Greek shepherd, walks across a field of black stones which pull the iron nails out of his sandals and the iron tip from his shepherd's staff (authenticity not guaranteed). This region becomes known as Magnesia. 600 BC - Thales of Miletos rubs amber ( elektron in Greek) with cat fur and picks up bits of feathers. 1269 - Petrus Peregrinus of Picardy, Italy, discovers that natural spherical magnets (lodestones) align needles with lines of longitude pointing between two pole positions on the stone. 1600 - William Gilbert, court physician to Queen Elizabeth, discovers that the earth is a giant magnet just like one of the stones of Peregrinus, explaining how compasses work. He also discusses static electricity and invents an electric fluid which is liberated by rubbing. ca. 1620 - Niccolo Cabeo discovers that electricity can be repulsive as well as attractive.

16. Etienne-Louis Malus - Encyclopedia Article About Etienne-Louis Malus. Free Acces
encyclopedia article about etiennelouis malus. etienne-louis malus in Free online English dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. etienne-louis malus.
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Etienne-Louis Malus
Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia
Etienne-Louis Malus
Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Etienne-Louis Malus July 23 July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining.
Events
  • 1632 - 300 colonists for New France depart Dieppe.
  • 1829 - In the United States, William Burt patents the first typewriter.
  • 1862 - American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
  • 1903 - Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago, Illinois becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A.

Click the link for more information. Centuries: 17th century - 18th century - 19th century Decades: 1720s 1730s 1740s 1750s 1760s - Years: 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 - Centuries: 17th century - 18th century - 19th century Decades: 1720s 1730s 1740s 1750s 1760s - Years: 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 -
Click the link for more information. February 24 February 24 is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 310 days remaining, 311 in leap years. By Roman custom February 24 is the day added to a leap year, and the occurrence of February 29 is merely a consequence of this.
Events
  • 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Empire.

17. Education World Search
Galileo/Catalog/Files/pascal_eti.html. malus. etienne louis. http//wwwgroups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~ history/Mathematicians/malus.html
http://db.educationworld.com/search97cgi/s97r_cgi?queryText=Etienne Roche&Re

18. Natur Des Lichts
Bradley, James. Brechung. Broglie, louis de. C. Camera obscura Lichtstrahl. M. malus, etiennelouis. Marci de Kronland, Johannes Marcus
http://members.aol.com/mblicht1
Index
A B C D ... Z A Alhazen Alhazensche Aufgabe Auge B Ball-Modell Beugung Bradley, James Brechung ... Broglie, Louis de C Camera obscura D Descartes, Rene Doppelspalt E Einstein, Albert Euklid F Faraday, Michael Farben Fermat, Pierre de Fizeau, Hippolyte ... Fresnel, Augustin Jean G Galilei, Galileo Gitter Grimaldi, Francesco Maria H Harriot, Thomas Hertz, Heinrich Hooke, Robert Huygens, Christian ... Huygenssches Prinzip I Interferenz Interferometer J K Kepler, Johannes Kerr, John L Lichtbündel Lichtgeschwindigkeit Lichtstrahl M Malus, Etienne-Louis Marci de Kronland, Johannes Marcus Maxwell, James Clerk Michelson, Albert Abraham ... Morley, Edward Williams N Newton, Sir Isaak O P Planck, Max Plato (bzw. Platon) Q R Reflexion Regenbogen S Sammellinse Schatten Schrödinger, Erwin Sehstrahlen ... Sonnenfinsternis T Taststock-Modell Teilchentheorie Totalreflexion U V W Weber, Wilhelm Wellentheorie X Y Young, Thomas Z A B C D ... Z

19. Etienne-Louis Malus Encyclopedia : Maps - Weather - Travel - History - Economy -
etiennelouis malus. etienne-louis malus (July 23, 1775 - February 24, 1812) was a French officer, engineer, physicist, and mathematician.
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Etienne-Louis Malus
Etienne-Louis Malus July 23 February 24 ) was a French officer engineer physicist , and mathematician Malus was born in Paris France . He participated in the expedition into Egypt to . Malus became a member of the French academy of sciences in His ground-breaking contribution in Optics was to define a measure ( orientation angle ) by which to characterize relations between a light source and a system of detectors. In applying such basic measurements, Malus determined the reflectivity of various sets of surfaces, and the birefringence of various translucent media.
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