1. Jabir_ibn_Aflah alIshbili Abu Muhammad jabir ibn aflah. Born about 1100 in possibly Seville jabir ibn aflah is often known by the Latinised form of his name, namely Geber. http://homepages.compuserve.de/thweidenfeller/mathematiker/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.htm

al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad Jabir ibn Aflah Born: about 1100 in possibly Seville Died: about 1160 Jabir ibn Aflah is often known by the Latinised form of his name, namely Geber. Although not he was not in the first rank of Arabic mathematicians, he is important in the development of mathematics since his works were translated into Latin, and so became available to European mathematicians, whereas the work of some of the top rank Arabic mathematicians such as Abu'l-Wafa were not translated into Latin. Very little information is available regarding Jabir ibn Aflah's life. That he came from Seville is known from two sources. Firstly he is described as "al-Ishbili" in manuscripts containing his treatises; this means "from Seville". The other source gives us not only the information that he came from Seville, but also a good estimate for the period in which he lived. The information comes from Maimonides. Moses Maimonides, whose Arabic name was Abu 'Imran Musa ibn Maymun ibn 'Ubayd Allah, was a Jewish philosopher, jurist, and physician who was born in Córdoba in 1135. Among many important works he wrote The Guide of the Perplexed in Arabic in which he writes of:- ... ibn Aflah of Seville, whose son I have met ...

2. AT THE THRESHHOLD OF A NEW MILLENNIUM–II, MG Vol. 1 No. 2 1217 CE) of Seville (Ishbiliya) is father of modern astronomy; Jabir ibn Hayyan Geber (d AlBattani Albategnius / Albetenius (d. 929), jabir ibn aflah Geber Filius Aflac (d http://www.milligazette.com/Archives/15-1-2000/Art5.htm

32 pages, Twice a month. Subscribe Now . (RNI DELENG/2000/930; ISSN 0972-3366) Since Jan 2000 Cartoons Special Reports National Issues ... Press Release s q » Tell me when the next issue comes online: Unsubscribe q If you haven't seen the print edition, you've missed it ALL send me the print edition q » The Milli Gazette's Message Board: q AT THE THRESHHOLD OF A NEW MILLENNIUM–II By Zafarul-Islam Khan Much of our internal problems may be traced to the self-imposed decadence and the self-created ideological vacuum. After the Mongol invasion in the thirteenth century, our scholars closed the doors of ijtihad, i.e., independent reasoning and inference about new issues and situations which keep arising because human society by its very nature is in constant flux and in an ever-changing ferment. Only animals are unable to plan any change in their lives. New situations and challenges crop up all the time in every human society. And only those societies succeed and grow which accept new challenges and take the trouble of solving their problems in time. Islam had foreseen this problem and to tackle it had created the institution of ijtihad, reasoning or inference by scholars, as the fourth source of Islamic rules after the Qur’an, Sunnah and ijmac, that is consensus of the scholars. The institution of ijtihad had emerged during the very life-time of the Prophet. Perhaps I do not have to remind you that at the time of despatching Mu’adh, may Allah be pleased with him, as governor of the Yemen in 9H/630-1CE, the Prophet asked him how he was going to give his rulings. Mu’adh replied that I will rely on the Book of Allah, then on the Sunnah of His Prophet. And if I do not find anything in these sources I will use my reasoning. The Prophet was very pleased with this reply.

3. Untitled century AD). The universal instrument of jabir ibn aflah (twelfth century) was a theoretical construct the second category by Dunas ibn Tamim (tenth century AD), among others http://www.riifs.org/abstracts/abstract_islamscience.htm

About RIIFS Publications Journal (BRIIFS) Nashra ... Contact us ALL Abstracts [ Royal Institute for Inter-Faith Studies Submissions to BRIIFS BRIIFS Subscription BRIIFS Contents Abstracts Essays Abstracts BRIIFS Volume 4, Number 1 ( Spring/Summer 2002) Conference on Islam and Science ( August 2001) Mohammed Abattouy. The Arabic Science of Weights: A Report on an Ongoing Research Project Kamel Ajlouni. Values, Qualifications, Ethics and Legal Standards in Arabic (Islamic) Medicine Bennacer El Bouazzati. The Continuum of Knowledge and Belief Sonja Brentjes. On the Location of The Ancient or ‘Rational’ Sciences in Muslim Educational Landscapes (AH 500-1100) Charles Burnett. The Translation of Arabic Science into Latin: A Case of Alienation of Intellectual Property? Lawrence I. Conrad. Commentary Culture and the Shaping of Academic Culture in Medieval Islam Ahmad Dallal.

4. Muslim Contributions To Science, Philosophy, And The Arts astronomical instruments and built a water clock. jabir ibn aflah was a Spanish Arab who criticized Ptolemy's 721 815 Jabir ibn Hayyan, Abu Musa (Geber); alchemist http://www.jannah.org/articles/contrib.html

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5. Jabir_ibn_Aflah alIshbili Abu Muhammad jabir ibn aflah. Born jabir ibn aflah is oftenknown by the Latinised form of his name, namely Geber. Although http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.html

al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad Jabir ibn Aflah Born: about 1100 in possibly Seville Died: about 1160 Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Jabir ibn Aflah is often known by the Latinised form of his name, namely Geber. Although not he was not in the first rank of Arabic mathematicians, he is important in the development of mathematics since his works were translated into Latin, and so became available to European mathematicians, whereas the work of some of the top rank Arabic mathematicians such as Abu'l-Wafa were not translated into Latin. Very little information is available regarding Jabir ibn Aflah's life. That he came from Seville is known from two sources. Firstly he is described as "al-Ishbili" in manuscripts containing his treatises; this means "from Seville". The other source gives us not only the information that he came from Seville, but also a good estimate for the period in which he lived. The information comes from Maimonides. The Guide of the Perplexed in Arabic in which he writes of:- ... ibn Aflah of Seville, whose son I have met ...

6. Jabir_ibn_Aflah Biography of jabir ibn aflah (11001160) al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad jabir ibn aflah. Born about 1100 in possibly Seville jabir ibn aflah is often known by the Latinised form of his name, namely http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.html

al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad Jabir ibn Aflah Born: about 1100 in possibly Seville Died: about 1160 Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Jabir ibn Aflah is often known by the Latinised form of his name, namely Geber. Although not he was not in the first rank of Arabic mathematicians, he is important in the development of mathematics since his works were translated into Latin, and so became available to European mathematicians, whereas the work of some of the top rank Arabic mathematicians such as Abu'l-Wafa were not translated into Latin. Very little information is available regarding Jabir ibn Aflah's life. That he came from Seville is known from two sources. Firstly he is described as "al-Ishbili" in manuscripts containing his treatises; this means "from Seville". The other source gives us not only the information that he came from Seville, but also a good estimate for the period in which he lived. The information comes from Maimonides. The Guide of the Perplexed in Arabic in which he writes of:- ... ibn Aflah of Seville, whose son I have met ...

7. References For Jabir_ibn_Aflah References for jabir ibn aflah. Articles RP Lorch, The astronomical instrumentsof jabir ibn aflah and the torquetum, Centaurus 20 (1) (1976), 1134. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.html

References for Jabir ibn Aflah Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Books: Las ciencias de los antiguos en al-Andalus (Madrid, 1992). Articles: R P Lorch, The astronomical instruments of Jabir ibn Aflah and the torquetum, Centaurus R P Lorch, The astronomy of Jabir ibn Aflah, Centaurus N M Swerdlow, Jabir ibn Aflah's interesting method for finding the eccentricities and direction of the apsidal line of a superior planet, in From deferent to equant (New York, 1987), 501-512. Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR November 1999 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.html

8. References For Jabir_ibn_Aflah References for jabir ibn aflah. Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography R P Lorch, The astronomical instruments of jabir ibn aflah and the torquetum, Centaurus20 http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.html

References for Jabir ibn Aflah Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Books: Las ciencias de los antiguos en al-Andalus (Madrid, 1992). Articles: R P Lorch, The astronomical instruments of Jabir ibn Aflah and the torquetum, Centaurus R P Lorch, The astronomy of Jabir ibn Aflah, Centaurus N M Swerdlow, Jabir ibn Aflah's interesting method for finding the eccentricities and direction of the apsidal line of a superior planet, in From deferent to equant (New York, 1987), 501-512. Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR November 1999 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/References/Jabir_ibn_Aflah.html

9. Mathematiker Mit Jj Translate this page jabir ibn aflah al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad (1100 - 1160, Seville). Jacobi Carl GustavJacob (1804 - 1851, Berlin). Johnson William Ernst (1858 - 1931, Cambridge). http://homepages.compuserve.de/thweidenfeller/mathematiker/j.html

J Jabir ibn Aflah al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad (1100 - 1160, Seville) Jacobi Carl Gustav Jacob (1804 - 1851, Berlin) Johnson William Ernst (1858 - 1931, Cambridge) Jordan Marie Ennemond Camille (1838 - 1922, La Croix-Rousse) ... zurück

10. Tranung Kite - Islam Adalah Pemangkin Dalam Penerokaan Sains Dan dalam abad ke8 dengan kemunculan Jabir Ibn Hayyan. Beliau menghasilkan banyak penulisan yang ramai ahli kimia Islam antaranya jabir ibn aflah. Antara sumbangan beliau di http://www.geocities.com/tk200us/julai/wan19.htm

11. APIANUS, Petrus And JABIR Ibn AFLAH, Instrumentum Primi Mobilis, A £30000 br br First editions of the Apianus treatise and of the Islah of Jabiribn Aflah, a reworking of Ptolemy s Almagest and a text important in the http://www.polybiblio.com/watbooks/2416.html

12. WP Watson Antiquarian Books Translate this page APIANUS, Petrus and jabir ibn aflah Instrumentum primi mobilis, a PetroApiano nunc primum et inventum et in lucem editum Accedunt http://www.polybiblio.com/watbooks/

13. History Of Astronomy: Persons (G) German Flag Deutsche Fassung. Gabir ben Aflah see jabir ibn aflah; Gabor, Dennis(19001979) The Nobel Prize in Physics 1971 Including an autobiography. http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_g.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (G) Deutsche Fassung Gabir ben Aflah: see Jabir ibn Aflah Gabor, Dennis (1900-1979) The Nobel Prize in Physics 1971 Including an autobiography. Very short biographical data and links Gagarin, Yuri Alekseyevich (1934-1968) Very short biography Gale, Walter Frederick (1865-1945) Short biographical data and archival sources Galilei, Galileo Galle, Johann Gottfried (1812-1910) Very short biography Very short biography Very short biography Galois, Evariste (1811-1832) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Crater Galois (lunar feature) Links to WWW sources Gamow, George (1904-1968) Short biography and references Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Very short biography Ganesa (1507-after 1564) Very short biography Gaposchkin, Cecilia Payne: see Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia (1900-1979) Gascoigne, Sidney Charles (b. 1915) Short biographical data Short biography Gascoigne, William (1621-1644) Biographical data and references Gassendi [Gassend; Gassendy], Pierre (1592-1655)

14. History Of Astronomy: Persons (J) History of Astronomy Persons (J). German Flag Deutsche Fassung. jabir ibn aflahGabir ben Aflah; Geber Hispalensis, alIshbili Abu Muhammad (c.1100-c.1160) http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_j.html

History of Astronomy Persons History of Astronomy: Persons (J) Deutsche Fassung Jabir ibn Aflah [Gabir ben Aflah; Geber Hispalensis], al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad (c.1100-c.1160) Short biography, references and links (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Jabir Ibn Haiyan (?-803): see Ibn Haiyan Jacobi, Carl Gustav Jacob (1804-1851) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Biography (23 Apr 1996: still under construction) Paper by C. G. J. Jacobi from Astronomische Nachrichten Links to WWW sources Jaeger, John Conrad (1907-1979) Biography Very short biography, references, archival sources and links Biographical data and bibliography Jansky, Karl Guthe (1905-1950) Short biography and references (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Short biography Very short biography Very short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Very short biography Very short biography Jaschek, Walter (1912-1980) Jaschek and the Kuffner Observatory Jaschek und die Kuffner-Sternwarte (in German) Jastrow, Robert (b. 1925)

15. MuslimHeritage.com - Topics (9) jabir ibn aflah is a circular, flat plain in the 9th section.jabir ibn aflah, who died 1145 CE, was also a Spanish Arab. He http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?TaxonomyTypeID=18&TaxonomySubTy

16. Culture Of Muslim Spain Culture of Muslim Spain. Arab civilization in the peninsula reached its zenith when the political power of the Arabs began to decline. there was 'Ali alQalasadi, commentator on Ibn al-Banna`, who did important work on fractions not circular but ovoid. jabir ibn aflah (12th century) criticized the Ptolemaic http://www.lilt.ilstu.edu/bekurtz/culture.htm

Culture of Muslim Spain Arab civilization in the peninsula reached its zenith when the political power of the Arabs began to decline. In the 8th century, in the years immediately following the conquest, there were no traces of a cultural level higher than that attained by the Mozarabs who lived among the Arab conquerors. All available evidence points to the fact that in this period popular works of medicine, agriculture, astrology, and geography were translated from Latin into Arabic. Many of these texts must have been derived from the Etymologies of Isidore of Seville and from other Christian writers. In the 9th century, the situation changed abruptly: the Andalusians, who traveled east in order to comply with the injunction to conduct a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their lifetimes, took advantage of their stay in those regions to enhance their knowledge, which they then introduced into their native country. Literature. The highest peak in Islamic literature in Spain was attained during the era of the ta`ifas, when the poet-king al-Mu'tamid established an embryo of an academy of belles lettres, which included the foremost Spanish intellects as well as Sicilians who emigrated from their native land before its conquest by the Normans. Other petty kings in the peninsula endeavoured to compete with al-Mu'tamid but did not succeed in assembling a constellation of writers of comparable stature. Among the outstanding poets of the 12th century in eastern Andalusia (the Andalusian Levant) were Ibn Khafaja of Alcira and his nephew Ibn az-Zaqqaq. To the era of greatest decadence in the 13th century belonged Abu al-Baqa` of Ronda and Ibn Sa'id. In the 14th century three court poets, Ibn al-Jayyab, Ibn al-Khatib, and Ibn Zamraq, preserved their verses by having them inscribed in the Alhambra.

17. MuslimHeritage.com - Topics Amongst these translators were the Italian Gerard of Cremona, who amongst otherstranslated the Toledan tables of alZarqali and jabir ibn aflah s Islah al http://www.muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?ArticleID=231

18. Muslims Internet Directory: Al-Ishbili Abu Muhammad Jabir Ibn Aflah AlIshbili Abu Muhammad jabir ibn aflah, Hits28. , Visit Al-Ishbili AbuMuhammad jabir ibn aflah Now. http://www.idleb.com/cgi-bin/links/detail_page.cgi?ID=6648

19. JAS: Arabic & Islamic Crater-Names On The Moon 13, Avicenna, Ibn Sina, 40 N, 97 W, 74. 14, Azophi, AlSufi, 22 S, 13 E,47. 15, Geber, jabir ibn aflah, 19 S, 14 E, 44. 16, Ibn Battuta, Ibn Battutah,7 S, 50 E, 11. http://www.jas.org.jo/cra.html

No. Name Arabic Name Arabic Name Latitude Longitude Dia(Km) Abul Wafa Abu al-Wafa 1 N 117 E Abulfeda Abu al-Feda' 14 S 14 E Al-Bakri Al-Bakri 14 N 20 E Al-Biruni Al-Biruni 18 N 93 E Al-Khwarizmi Al-Khwarizmi 7 N 106 E Al-Marrakushi Al-Marrakushi 10 S 56 E Albategnius Al-Battani 12 S 4 E Alfraganus Al-Farghani 5 S 19 E Alhazen Al-Hasan Ibn al-Haytham 16 N 72 E Almanon Al-Ma'mun 17 S 15 E Alpetragius Al-Bitruji 16 S 5 W Arzachel Al-Zarqalluh 18 S 2 W Avicenna Ibn Sina 40 N 97 W Azophi Al-Sufi 22 S 13 E Geber Jabir Ibn Aflah 19 S 14 E Ibn Battuta Ibn Battutah 7 S 50 E Ibn Firnas Ibn Firnas 7 N 122 E Ibn Yunus Ibn Yunus 14 N 91 E Ibn-Rushd Ibn Rushd 12 S 22 E Messala Ma-Sha' Allah al-Basri 39 N 61 E Nasireddin Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 41 S E Omar Khayyam Omar al-Khayyam 58 N 102 W Thebit Thabit Ibn Qurrah 22 S 4 W Ulugh Beigh Ulugh Bek 33 N 82 W The above list was revised by Prof. Paul Kunitzsch. If you know other Arab or Islamic crater-names, would you kindly inform us about them. Back to JAS' Home Page Send E-mail or contact us at : The Jordanian Astronomical Society (JAS), P.O.Box 141568, Amman 11814 Jordan

20. Ivars Peterson's MathLand earlier Greek work. One of these scholars was jabir ibn aflah, whoworked in Islamic Spain in the twelfth century. His methods for http://www.maa.org/mathland/mathland_1_20.html

Search MAA Online MAA Home Ivars Peterson's MathLand January 20, 1997 Fragments of the Past The early history of mathematics is like a jigsaw puzzle missing many of its pieces. Historians and mathematicians have been painstakingly filling in the blanks, gradually constructing a richer, more complete story of how and where mathematical thought originated and spread. One period of considerable interest is that between the decline of Greek mathematics, coinciding with the collapse of the western Roman Empire in the fifth century, and the rise of European mathematics in the fifteenth century. Mathematics professor Morris Kline of New York University's Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences expressed a common view of that period in his 1972 book Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times . "The Arabs made no significant advance in mathematics," he wrote. "What they did was absorb Greek and Hindu mathematics, preserve it, and ultimately, ... transmit it to Europe." In other words, Islamic scholars did little more than put Greek mathematics into cold storage until Europe was ready to accept it.

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