1. Hypatia Of Alexandria hypatia of alexandria. Mathematician, Astronomer, and Philosopher (d. 415 C.E.) Hypatia was a mathematician, astronomer, and Platonic philosopher. An admirable discussion of the known facts and http://cosmopolis.com/people/hypatia.html

Hypatia of Alexandria Mathematician, Astronomer, and Philosopher (d. 415 C.E.) Hypatia was a mathematician, astronomer, and Platonic philosopher. According to the Byzantine encyclopedia The Suda , her father Theon was the last head of the Museum at Alexandria. Hypatia's prominence was accentuated by the fact that she was both female and pagan in an increasingly Christian environment. Shortly before her death, Cyril was made the Christian bishop of Alexandria, and a conflict arose between Cyril and the prefect Orestes. Orestes was disliked by some Christians and was a friend of Hypatia, and rumors started that Hypatia was to blame for the conflict. In the spring of 415 C.E., the situation reached a tragic conclusion when a band of Christian monks seized Hypatia on the street, beat her, and dragged her body to a church where they mutilated her flesh with sharp tiles and burned her remains. Her works include: A Commentary on the Arithmetica of Diophantus A Commentary on the Conics of Apollonious She edited the third book of her father's Commentary on the Almagest of Ptolemy Local Resources The Life of Hypatia from The Suda . This is the first ever English translation of this important source. The Life of Hypatia by Socrates Scholasticus . This biography tells the story of her murder. The Life of Hypatia by John, Bishop of Nikiu

2. Hypatia Of Alexandria - Philosopher Hypatia Review of Maria Dzielska's biography of the female philosopher Hypatia. http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/weekly/aa071800a.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History Ancient / Classical History Ancient Greece - Greek ... Trojan War Hero Achilles - Troy zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Atlas and Places - Where? Ancient Greece - Greek Ancient Rome - Romans ANE Egypt Persia Israel... ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Ancient / Classical History newsletter. Search Ancient / Classical History Review - Hypatia of Alexandria, by Maria Dzielska Maria Dzielska's research on Hypatia of Alexandria dispels romantic illusions about the philosopher. Related Resources Hypatia of Alexandria Aspasia of Miletus Aspasia was another female philosopher Hypatia of Alexandria by Maria Dzielska Translated by F. Lyra Harvard University Press 1995; 157 pages. "Well, she [Hypatia] was speaking in the square to many people, speaking about the present God and they were listening to her in silence, in a stupor, both followers and adversaries. But a fanatic horde interrupted

3. Hypatia Of Alexandria A collection of historical references, images, and quotes. http://www.skeptical-christian.net/evidence/hypatia.html

ETB on Creation vs. Evolution What's New ETB on Biblical Errancy and Skepticism ETB on Fundamentalists Anonymous ETB on Christian Faith, Politics, Satire ETB on Christian History Hypatia of Alexandria Compiled from Historical Sources An image presumed by some to favor Hypatia of Alexandria HYPATIA (370?-415 A.D.), Greek philosopher, born in Alexandria, daughter of the mathematician Theon (q.v.). She assisted her father in his writings, and succeeded him as lecturer on mathematics and Greek philosophy. Her intellectual gifts and her beauty attracted students from foreign countries; and her judgment was so respected that the city magistrates of Alexandria consulted her on important cases. In about 400 A.D. she was the undisputed leader of the Neoplatonic school of philosophy at Alexandria (see NEOPLATONISM). She was the author of commentaries on ancient astronomical and mathematical works. Because of her association with Orestes, the pagan prefect of Alexandria who opposed the persecution of the Jews and other non-Christians initiated by Bishop Cyril (see CYRIL, SAINT), Hypatia was murdered by a mob of Christians and her body was burned. She is the heroine of the historical romance Hypatia (1853) by the English novelist Charles Kingsley. Source:Funk and Wagnalls Encyclopedia 1950 and 1951 III.-THE POLICY OF SUCCEEDING EMPERORS TOWARD HEATHENISM.

4. Hypatia This page contains several links to network based information on Hypatia, the famous Alexandria based ancient philosopher than 200 years) of Hypatia appeared Maria Dzielska, hypatia of alexandria, Volume 8 of Revealing Antiquity Review, new evidence suggests that Hypatia was born " well before" the http://www.math.utah.edu/~alfeld/Hypatia.html

Peter Alfeld, Department of Mathematics, College of Science University of Utah Hypatia of Alexandria Hypatia lived approximately 370-415 AD. Michael Deakin calls her the "pre-eminent mathematician of her time", and "the first noted woman mathematician". She was also a brilliant lecturer. Her philosophy was neoplatonist, with religious undertones. This ultimately led to her death at the hands of a christian mob. Unfortunately we know only very little about Hypatia, and much that has been written is fanciful. My standard reference is by Michael A.B. Deakin (Monash University), Hypatia and Her Mathematics , The American Mathematical Monthly, Mathematical Association of America, v. 101, no. 3, March 1994, pp. 234-243. Recently a new book-length biography (the first in the English Language for more than 200 years) of Hypatia appeared: Maria Dzielska, Hypatia of Alexandria

5. Hypatia Written by Ginny Adair, Class of 1998 (Agnes Scott College) The life of Hypatia was one enriched with a passion for knowledge. Hypatia was the daughter of Theon, who was considered one of the most educated men in Alexandria, Egypt. www.maa.org/pubs/calc_articles.html) hypatia of alexandria, transcript of a talk by Michael Deakin, archived for the Life and Work of hypatia of alexandria by Michael Deakin http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/hypatia.htm

Hypatia Written by Ginny Adair, Class of 1998 (Agnes Scott College) The life of Hypatia was one enriched with a passion for knowledge. Hypatia was the daughter of Theon, who was considered one of the most educated men in Alexandria, Egypt. Theon raised Hypatia in a world of education. Most historians now recognize Hypatia not only as a mathematician and scientist, but also as a philosopher. Historians are uncertain of different aspects of Hypatia's life. For example, Hypatia's date of birth is one that is highly debated. Some historians believe that Hypatia was born in the year 370 AD. On the other hand, others argue that she was an older woman (around 60) at the time of her death, thus making her birth in the year 355 AD. Throughout her childhood, Theon raised Hypatia in an environment of thought. Historians believe that Theon tried to raise the perfect human. Theon himself was a well known scholar and a professor of mathematics at the University of Alexandria. Theon and Hypatia formed a strong bond as he taught Hypatia his own knowledge and shared his passion in the search for answers to the unknown. As Hypatia grew older, she began to develop an enthusiasm for mathematics and the sciences (astronomy and astrology). Most historians believe that Hypatia surpassed her father's knowledge at a young age. However, while Hypatia was still under her father's discipline, he also developed for her a physical routine to ensure for her a healthy body as well as a highly functional mind. In her education, Theon instructed Hypatia on the different religions of the world and taught her how to influence people with the power of words. He taught her the fundamentals of teaching, so that Hypatia became a profound orator. People from other cities came to study and learn from her.

6. HYPATIA The book is hypatia of alexandria by Maria Dzielska, 1995 (Cambridge Harvard University Press). The review can be found in Free Inquiry, 1996, Vol 16, No. http://www.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/HYPATIA.html

HYPATIA Natural Philosopher (355? - 415 CE) She is one of the more romantic figures in science. She was the daughter of Theon, a mathematician who taught at the great school at the Alexandrine Library. She traveled widely and corresponded with people all over the Mediterranean. We know of her only through her letters. She taught at the school in Alexandria, Egypt. Letters written and addressed simply to the philosopher were delivered to her. She taught mathematics and natural philosophy. She is credited with the authorship of three major treatises on geometry and algebra and one on astronomy. She invented several tools: an instrument for distilling water, an instrument to measure the specific gravity of water, an astrolabe and a planisphere. She died violently. She was dragged to her death by a mob who pulled her from her classroom into the streets where they peeled her to death with oyster shells. She wrote that All formal dogmatic religions are fallacious and must never be accepted by self-respecting persons as final. Reserve your right to think, for even to think wrongly is better than not to think at all.

7. Hypatia Of Alexandria hypatia of alexandria. Mathematician, Astronomer, and Philosopher (d. 415 CE). hypatia of alexandria by Maria Dzielska. Harvard Harvard University Press, 1995. http://www.cosmopolis.com/people/hypatia.html

Hypatia of Alexandria Mathematician, Astronomer, and Philosopher (d. 415 C.E.) Hypatia was a mathematician, astronomer, and Platonic philosopher. According to the Byzantine encyclopedia The Suda , her father Theon was the last head of the Museum at Alexandria. Hypatia's prominence was accentuated by the fact that she was both female and pagan in an increasingly Christian environment. Shortly before her death, Cyril was made the Christian bishop of Alexandria, and a conflict arose between Cyril and the prefect Orestes. Orestes was disliked by some Christians and was a friend of Hypatia, and rumors started that Hypatia was to blame for the conflict. In the spring of 415 C.E., the situation reached a tragic conclusion when a band of Christian monks seized Hypatia on the street, beat her, and dragged her body to a church where they mutilated her flesh with sharp tiles and burned her remains. Her works include: A Commentary on the Arithmetica of Diophantus A Commentary on the Conics of Apollonious She edited the third book of her father's Commentary on the Almagest of Ptolemy Local Resources The Life of Hypatia from The Suda . This is the first ever English translation of this important source. The Life of Hypatia by Socrates Scholasticus . This biography tells the story of her murder. The Life of Hypatia by John, Bishop of Nikiu

8. Hypatia Of Alexandria Resource page maintained by Howard A. Landman. Hosts a number of biographical works on Hypatia, as well as extensive annotated links. http://www.polyamory.org/~howard/Hypatia/

Hypatia of Alexandria Selected as the Librarians' Site du Jour for May 6, 1998 Assembed and maintained by Howard A. Landman Resources at this site The very large Hypatia Book List Dr. M. A. B. Deakin's "The Primary Sources for the Life and Work of Hypatia of Alexandria" The best place to start if you want to know what we really know about Hypatia, as opposed to the reams of fictionalized accounts of her life. "The History Of Hypatia", Thomas Lewis, 1721 A partial transcription of a very rare book (I only know of 3 copies in the world). It was written as a reply to John Toland's book of the previous year, and consists mostly of spleen and invective. "Hypatia, or, New Foes with an Old Face", Charles Kingsley, 1907 edition NEW! A partial transcription of Kingsley's 1853 novel. "Hypatia", Elbert Hubbard, 1928 edition A complete transcription of Hubbard's essay of circa 1908, taken from the 1928 edition printed after his death. "The martyrdom of Hypatia, or, The death of the classical world", Mangasar Mugurditch Mangasarian, circa 1915 Resources at other sites Classroom Activities on Hypatia Alexandria magazine The Life of Hypatia from The Suda ... The Life of Hypatia by John, Bishop of Nikiu

9. Damascius: The Life Of Hypatia From The Suda Regarding Hypatia the Philosopher and the Sedition of the Alexandrians. Hypatia was born, reared, and educated in Alexandria. hypatia of alexandria. http://www.cosmopolis.com/alexandria/hypatia-bio-suda.html

The Life of Hypatia From Damascius's Life of Isidore , reproduced in The Suda Translated by Jeremiah Reedy Reprinted with permission from Alexandria 2 HYPATIA, daughter of Theon the geometer and philosopher of Alexandria, was herself a well-known philosopher. She was the wife of the philosopher Isidorus, and she flourished under the Emperor Arcadius. Author of a commentary on Diophantus, she also wrote a work called The Astronomical Canon and a commentary on The Conics of Apollonius. She was torn apart by the Alexandrians and her body was mocked and scattered through the whole city. This happened because of envy and her outstanding wisdom especially regarding astronomy. Some say Cyril was responsible for this outrage; others blame the Alexandrians' innate ferocity and violent tendencies for they dealt with many of their bishops in the same manner, for example George and Proterius. Regarding Hypatia the Philosopher and the Sedition of the Alexandrians Hypatia was born, reared, and educated in Alexandria. Since she had greater genius than her father, she was not satisfied with his instruction in mathematical subjects; she also devoted herself diligently to all of philosophy. The woman used to put on her philosopher's cloak and walk through the middle of town and publicly interpret Plato, Aristotle, or the works of any other philosopher to those who wished to hear her. In addition to her expertise in teaching she rose to the pinnacle of civic virtue. She was both just and chaste and remained always a virgin. She was so beautiful and shapely that one of her students fell in love with her and was unable to control himself and openly showed her a sign of his infatuation. Uninformed reports had Hypatia curing him of his affliction with the help of music. The truth is that the story about music is corrupt. Actually, she gathered rags that had been stained during her period and showed them to him as a sign of her unclean descent and said, "This is what you love, young man, and it isn't beautiful!" He was so affected by shame and amazement at the ugly sight that he experienced a change of heart and went away a better man.

10. Hypatia hypatia of alexandria. hypatia of alexandria was the first woman to make a substantial contribution to the development of mathematics. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Hypatia.html

Hypatia of Alexandria Born: about 370 in Alexandria, Egypt Died: March 415 in Alexandria, Egypt Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Hypatia of Alexandria was the first woman to make a substantial contribution to the development of mathematics. Hypatia was the daughter of the mathematician and philosopher Theon of Alexandria and it is fairly certain that she studied mathematics under the guidance and instruction of her father. It is rather remarkable that Hypatia became head of the Platonist school at Alexandria in about 400 AD. There she lectured on mathematics and philosophy, in particular teaching the philosophy of Neoplatonism . Hypatia based her teachings on those of Plotinus , the founder of Neoplatonism, and Iamblichus who was a developer of Neoplatonism around 300 AD. Plotinus taught that there is an ultimate reality which is beyond the reach of thought or language. The object of life was to aim at this ultimate reality which could never be precisely described. Plotinus stressed that people did not have the mental capacity to fully understand both the ultimate reality itself or the consequences of its existence. Iamblichus distinguished further levels of reality in a hierarchy of levels beneath the ultimate reality. There was a level of reality corresponding to every distinct thought of which the human mind was capable. Hypatia taught these philosophical ideas with a greater scientific emphasis than earlier followers of Neoplatonism. She is described by all commentators as a charismatic teacher.

11. Hypatia Of Alexandria Books, articles, links, and a huge bibliography about hypatia of alexandria, the most famous female mathematician and scientist of antiquity. http://poly.polyamory.org/~howard/Hypatia/

Hypatia of Alexandria Selected as the Librarians' Site du Jour for May 6, 1998 Assembed and maintained by Howard A. Landman Resources at this site The very large Hypatia Book List Dr. M. A. B. Deakin's "The Primary Sources for the Life and Work of Hypatia of Alexandria" The best place to start if you want to know what we really know about Hypatia, as opposed to the reams of fictionalized accounts of her life. "The History Of Hypatia", Thomas Lewis, 1721 A partial transcription of a very rare book (I only know of 3 copies in the world). It was written as a reply to John Toland's book of the previous year, and consists mostly of spleen and invective. "Hypatia, or, New Foes with an Old Face", Charles Kingsley, 1907 edition NEW! A partial transcription of Kingsley's 1853 novel. "Hypatia", Elbert Hubbard, 1928 edition A complete transcription of Hubbard's essay of circa 1908, taken from the 1928 edition printed after his death. "The martyrdom of Hypatia, or, The death of the classical world", Mangasar Mugurditch Mangasarian, circa 1915 Resources at other sites Classroom Activities on Hypatia Alexandria magazine The Life of Hypatia from The Suda ... The Life of Hypatia by John, Bishop of Nikiu

12. Hypatia Detailed biography along with related links. http://www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Hypatia.html

Hypatia of Alexandria Born: about 370 in Alexandria, Egypt Died: March 415 in Alexandria, Egypt Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Hypatia of Alexandria was the first woman to make a substantial contribution to the development of mathematics. Hypatia was the daughter of the mathematician and philosopher Theon of Alexandria and it is fairly certain that she studied mathematics under the guidance and instruction of her father. It is rather remarkable that Hypatia became head of the Platonist school at Alexandria in about 400 AD. There she lectured on mathematics and philosophy, in particular teaching the philosophy of Neoplatonism . Hypatia based her teachings on those of Plotinus , the founder of Neoplatonism, and Iamblichus who was a developer of Neoplatonism around 300 AD. Plotinus taught that there is an ultimate reality which is beyond the reach of thought or language. The object of life was to aim at this ultimate reality which could never be precisely described. Plotinus stressed that people did not have the mental capacity to fully understand both the ultimate reality itself or the consequences of its existence. Iamblichus distinguished further levels of reality in a hierarchy of levels beneath the ultimate reality. There was a level of reality corresponding to every distinct thought of which the human mind was capable. Hypatia taught these philosophical ideas with a greater scientific emphasis than earlier followers of Neoplatonism. She is described by all commentators as a charismatic teacher.

13. Hypatia Biography of Hypatia (370415) hypatia of alexandria. Born about 370 in Alexandria, Egypt hypatia of alexandria was the first woman to make a substantial contribution to the development of http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Hypatia.html

Hypatia of Alexandria Born: about 370 in Alexandria, Egypt Died: March 415 in Alexandria, Egypt Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Hypatia of Alexandria was the first woman to make a substantial contribution to the development of mathematics. Hypatia was the daughter of the mathematician and philosopher Theon of Alexandria and it is fairly certain that she studied mathematics under the guidance and instruction of her father. It is rather remarkable that Hypatia became head of the Platonist school at Alexandria in about 400 AD. There she lectured on mathematics and philosophy, in particular teaching the philosophy of Neoplatonism . Hypatia based her teachings on those of Plotinus , the founder of Neoplatonism, and Iamblichus who was a developer of Neoplatonism around 300 AD. Plotinus taught that there is an ultimate reality which is beyond the reach of thought or language. The object of life was to aim at this ultimate reality which could never be precisely described. Plotinus stressed that people did not have the mental capacity to fully understand both the ultimate reality itself or the consequences of its existence. Iamblichus distinguished further levels of reality in a hierarchy of levels beneath the ultimate reality. There was a level of reality corresponding to every distinct thought of which the human mind was capable. Hypatia taught these philosophical ideas with a greater scientific emphasis than earlier followers of Neoplatonism. She is described by all commentators as a charismatic teacher.

14. ABC Radio National - Ockham's Razor Transcript - 3 Aug 97 Ockham s Razor Sunday, 3rd August, 1997 hypatia of alexandria Robyn Williams Today s talk gives an unanswerable reason why girls shouldn t do mathematics. http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ockham/or030897.htm

Radio National Transcripts: Ockham's Razor Sunday, 3rd August, 1997 Hypatia of Alexandria Robyn Williams: Today's talk gives an unanswerable reason why girls shouldn't do mathematics. At least not in the 5th Century AD. It's an extraordinary story and here to tell it is Maths Lecturer from Monash, Dr Michael Deakin. Dr Deakin: Imagine a time when the world's greatest living mathematician was a woman, indeed a physically beautiful woman, and a woman who was simultaneously the world's leading astronomer. And imagine that she conducted her life and her professional work in a city as turbulent and troubled as Ayodhya or Amritsar, Belfast or Beirut is today. And imagine such a female mathematician achieving fame not only in her specialist field, but also as a philosopher and religious thinker, who attracted a large popular following. And imagine her as a virgin martyr killed, not for her Christianity, but by Christians because she was not one of them. And imagine that the guilt of her death was widely whispered to lie at the door of one of Christianity's most honoured and significant saints. Would we not expect to have heard of all this? Would it not be shouted from the rooftops? Would it not be possible to walk into any bookstore and buy a biography of this woman? Would not her life be common knowledge?

15. Not Here My Hunt for Hypatia, Lady Philosopher of Alexandria. ( b. 355 AD, d. 415 AD) by Faith L. Justice. I first came across Hypatia's story in 1980 when I attended Judy Chicago's groundbreaking feminist art exhibit The Dinner Party. University Press published a slim translation of hypatia of alexandria by Maria Dzielska, a Polish classical http://www.simegen.com/writers/bygonedays/hypatia.shtml

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16. Ockhams Razor - 8/3/1997: Hypatia Of Alexandria hypatia of alexandria Broadcast Sunday 3 August 1997 with. Summary Today s talk gives an unanswerable reason why girls shouldn t do mathematics. http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ockham/stories/s224.htm

All in the Mind The Buzz Earthbeat Health Report ... Science News Hypatia of Alexandria Broadcast Sunday 3 August 1997 with Summary: Today's talk gives an unanswerable reason why girls shouldn't do mathematics. At least not in the 5th Century AD. It's an extraordinary story and here to tell it is Maths Lecturer from Monash, Dr Michael Deakin. Transcript: Robyn Williams: Today's talk gives an unanswerable reason why girls shouldn't do mathematics. At least not in the 5th Century AD. It's an extraordinary story and here to tell it is Maths Lecturer from Monash, Dr Michael Deakin. Dr Deakin: Imagine a time when the world's greatest living mathematician was a woman, indeed a physically beautiful woman, and a woman who was simultaneously the world's leading astronomer. And imagine that she conducted her life and her professional work in a city as turbulent and troubled as Ayodhya or Amritsar, Belfast or Beirut is today. And imagine such a female mathematician achieving fame not only in her specialist field, but also as a philosopher and religious thinker, who attracted a large popular following. And imagine her as a virgin martyr killed, not for her Christianity, but by Christians because she was not one of them.

17. APOD: 2002 January 13 - Hypatia Of Alexandria hypatia of alexandria. Explanation Sixteen hundred years ago, Hypatia became one of the world s leading scholars in mathematics and astronomy. http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap020113.html

Astronomy Picture of the Day Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2002 January 13 Hypatia of Alexandria Explanation: Sixteen hundred years ago, Hypatia became one of the world's leading scholars in mathematics and astronomy. Hypatia 's legendary knowledge, modesty, and public speaking ability flourished during the era of the Great Library of Alexandria . Hypatia is credited with contributions to geometry and astrometry , and she is thought instrumental in the development of the sky-measuring astrolabe . "Reserve your right to think, for even to think wrongly is better than not to think at all," Hypatia is credited with saying. "To teach superstitions as truth is a most terrible thing." Tomorrow's picture: Sun Halo Archive Index Search ... USRA NASA Technical Rep.: Jay Norris Specific rights apply A service of: LHEA at NASA GSFC Michigan Tech. U.

18. Hypatia hypatia of alexandria From About Guide to Ancient History, NS Gill Hypatia was, simply, the last great Alexandrian mathematician and philosopher. ; http://womenshistory.about.com/library/bio/blbio_hypatia.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History Women's History Air, Space, Science, Math ... Today in Women's History zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); About Women: Biographies African American Air, Space, Science, Math Art, Music. Writing. Media ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Women's History newsletter. Search Women's History Hypatia (355 or 370 - 415) philosopher, astronomer and mathematician Hypatia's father, Theon of Alexandria, was a teacher of mathematics with the Museum of Alexandria in Egypt. A center of Greek intellectual and cultural life, the Museum included many independent schools and the great library of Alexandria. Hypatia studied with her father, and with many others including Plutarch the Younger. She herself taught at the Neoplatonist school of philosophy. She became the salaried director of this school in 400. She probably wrote on mathematics, astronomy and philosophy, including about the motions of the planets, about number theory and about conic sections. She corresponded with and hosted scholars from others cities. Synesius, Bishop of Ptolemais, was one of her correspondents and he visited her frequently. Hypatia was a popular lecturer, drawing students from many parts of the empire.

19. Hypatia Of Alexandria - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Google Directory Society Philosophy Philosophers H hypatia of alexandria, hypatia of alexandria - http//www.polyamory.org/~howard/Hypatia/ Resource page maintained by Howard A. Landman. http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia_of_Alexandria

Hypatia of Alexandria From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Hypatia of Alexandria (c. 370 - ) was a neo-Platonic philosopher and mathematician, who was murdered by a Christian crowd, led by a cleric named Peter, in March, 415 CE. Several works are attributed to her by later sources, including commentaries on Diophantus 's Arithmetica , on Apollonius 's Conics and on Ptolemy 's works, but none have survived. She was the daughter of Theon , the last fellow of the Museum of Alexandria, which was adjacent to or included the main Library of Alexandria . Hypatia did not teach in the Museum, but received her pupils in her own private home. Theophilus , the patriarch of Alexandria, had destroyed some "pagan" temples in the city in , which may have included the Museum and certainly included the Serapeum (a temple and "daughter library" to the Great Library). In 391, Emperor Theodosius had published an edict which prohibited visiting pagan temples, and Christians in the entire Roman Empire had embarked on an intense campaign to destroy pagan places of worship. Hypatia clearly lived during a power struggle between pagans and tolerant Christians on the one side, and dogmatic Christians who demanded the final destruction of paganism on the other. Hypatia herself was a pagan, but was respected by many Christians, and exalted by some (though by no means all) later Christian authors as a symbol of virtue, often portrayed as a life-long virgin. These later accounts should not be seen as strict historical records, though, as they often contradict each other.

20. Harvard University Press/Hypatia Of Alexandria/Reviews Reviews of hypatia of alexandria by Maria Dzielska Translated by F. Lyra, published by Harvard University Press. http://www.hup.harvard.edu/reviews/DZIHYP_R.html

Maria Dzielska is Professor of Ancient Roman History at Jagiellonian University , Krakow. Hypatia of Alexandria Maria Dzielska Translated by F. Lyra "This gem of academic detective work may be the last word on a subject that has fascinated for centuries." Anthony Gottlieb, New York Times Book Review "Like Cleopatra, Mary Magdalene, Joan of Arc...Hypatia has been retailored to suit the psychic needs of anybody retrospecting her, rational, romantic, nostalgic, or loony. [In this book] Dzielska demystifies Hypatia, sifting patiently through the original sources, from the Sud lexicon to the correspondence of Synesius of Cyrene." John Leonard, The Nation "Through a subtle reading of the ancient sources, Dzielska reconstructs a powerful and persuasive account of Hypatia's life. She also addresses the difficult task of describing her philosophy...with engagement and finesse." Wilbur R. Knorr, Science "[A] pithy and engaging attempt to state what we actually know about Hypatia." Carlin Romano, Philadelphia Inquirer "Hypatia, an exceptional philosopher, mathematician and high profile public figure of late fourth and early fifth century Alexandria, ironically owes her fame in history to the violent and politically contentious nature of her death in 415 AD. From the moment she was brutally murdered by a mob of angry Christians, Hypatia became a legend, a figure who has ever since been used and manipulated by artists, writers, poets and feminists. Maria Dzielska in

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