41. Islamic History In Arabia And Middle East One of its most famous scholars was hunayn ibn ishaq, Ishaq s father known tothe West as Joanitius - who eventually translated the entire canon of Greek http://www.islamicity.com/mosque/ihame/Sec12.htm

Islam and Islamic History in Arabia and The Middle East The Legacy The message The Hijrah The Rightly Guided Caliphs The Umayyads ... Revival in The Arab East Related Topics The Holy Quran The Faith of Islam Arabic Writing Science and Scholarship in Al-Andalus ... Arabic Numerals THE LEGACY: The foundation of this legacy was the astonishing achievements of Muslim scholars, scientists, craftsmen, and traders during the two hundred years or so that are called the Golden Age. During this period, from 750 to 950, the territory of the Muslim Empire encompassed present-day Iran, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Palestine, North Africa, Spain, and parts of Turkey and drew to Baghdad peoples of all those lands in an unparalleled cross-fertilization of once isolated intellectual traditions. Geographical unity, however, was but one factor. Another was the development of Arabic, by the ninth century, into the language of international scholarship as well as the language of the Divine Truth. This was one of the most significant events in the history of ideas. A third important factor was the establishment in Baghdad of a paper mill. The introduction of paper, replacing parchment and papyrus, was a pivotal advance which had effects on education and scholarship as far reaching as the invention of printing in the fifteenth century. It made it possible to put books within the reach of everyone.

42. Islamic History And Culture - Personalities In Islam Specifically Muhammad Ibn M A certain hunayn ibn ishaq, a Christian, was in charge of translations from theGreek, Aristotle and Plato among the philosophers, Hypocrites and more http://www.islamic-paths.org/Home/English/History/Personalities/Content/Khwarizm

Islamic Paths Serving the Islamic World Home / Portal Sign Our Guest Book Personalities in Islam Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi Return to Personalities in Islam Index Keywords: Islam and History Warning: Books listed may not support Islam but are of value as they present a differing perspective Commissions help to support orphaned kids. We have explained things in various ways in the Qur’an in order that they may receive admonition, but it only increases their flight (from the Truth) (Qur’an 17:41) Khalif al-Ma’mun’s period of rule (813-833) may be considered the ‘golden age’ of science and learning. He had always been devoted to books and to learned pursuits. His brilliant mind was interested in every form of intellectual activity. Not only poetry, but also philosophy, theology, astronomy, medicine and law, all occupied his time. (Sir John Glubb) In Baghdad al-Ma’mun opened an institution which he called the “House of Wisdom” or “Da’rul Hikma” the principal object of which was the translation of foreign books. Abu’l-Faraj, the famous writer of Kitab al-Aghani, wrote that Khalif al-Ma’mun was deeply convinced that, those who were given to reasoning and were followers of free conscience were the close servants of Allah and were very dear to their Lord. Al-Ma’mun also believed that “all intellectuals in learning were the torch-bearers and educators of men in this world.” And that is why he invited the famed physicians, scientists, mathematicians, astrologers, historians, poets, lawyers, muhaddiths and mufassirs from all over the world and offered them all facilities and state patronage to encourage them to devote themselves to the pursuit of learning and original thinking. al-Ma’mun succeeded, through their efforts, in translating most of the original works of Hebrew and Greek languages into Arabic.

43. ARAM Past Conferences Chair Dr. Shafiq Abouzayd (Oxford University) Dr. Sebastian Brock (Oxford University) The Syriac background of hunayn ibn ishaq s translation technique . http://users.ox.ac.uk/~aram/Abbasides.html

ARAM Past Conferences: ARAM Second International Conference (Oxford University - 23-26 September, 1991): Syriac-Arab cultural Interchange during the Abbasid era in Iraq ARAM Second International Conference (Oxford University - 23-26 September, 1991): Syriac-Arab cultural Interchange during the Abbasid era in Iraq Monday, September 23, 1991 Opening Ceremony: Rev. Dr. Shafiq AbouZayd (Chairman of ARAM - Oxford University): "Address". Inaugural talk: Prof. Sidney Griffith (Catholic University of America): "The apologetic treatise of Nonnus of Nisibis". Tuesday, September 24, 1991 Chair: Dr. Sebastian Brock (Oxford University) Prof. Michael Morony (University of California-LA): "The Aramaean population in the economic life of early Islamic Iraq". Dr. Yousif Ishaq (Sweden): "The Zuqnin chronicle (Ps. Dionysius of Tel-Mahre) as a source of study of the political and economic situation of northern Iraq during the Abbasid era". Dr. Stephanie Dalley (Oxford University): "Gilgamesh after the Cuneiform". Dr. Richard Dumbrill (London): "The Babylonian origins of Arab medieval music".

44. ARAM Periodical Conferences Back Issues Are Still Available. Dr. Samir Khalil Samir (Université St JosephBeyrouth) Un Traité Perdude hunayn ibn ishaq Retrouvé dans la Somme d Ibn al-`Assal. Prof. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~aram/aram_con

45. The Procession Of The World ( works that he had translated the Metaphysics or First Philosophy of Avicenna, theFons Vitae of Avicebron, and the Liber caeli et mundi of hunayn ibn ishaq. http://ndpr.icaap.org/content/archives/2003/10/burnett-gundissalinus.html

De processione mundi Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2003.10.14 Gundissalinus, Dominicus, The Procession of the World De processione mundi ), translated by John A. Laumakis, Marquette University Press, 2002, 100pp, $10.00 (pbk), ISBN 0874622425. Reviewed by: Charles Burnett Warburg Institute London The importance of Dominicus Gundissalinus (or Gundisalvi) in searching out philosophical texts from Arabic and combining them in a fruitful way has been noted by scholars such as Ludwig Baur, Manuel Alonso Alonso, Etienne Gilson, and Jean Jolivet. The original Latin works attributed to him have been edited, but the publication under review is the first attempt, as far as I know, to provide an English translation of any of his works. This review of the topics shows that the De processione mundi On the Essences On the Essences On the Essences On the Essences , p. 77, lines 289. But Gundissalinus goes beyond Hermann by adding arguments from works that he had translated: the Metaphysics or First Philosophy of Avicenna, the

46. Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya Al-Razi (864-930 Apr. Jc) chimie et philosophie d un étudiant de hunayn ibn ishaq qui était bien http://www.ifrance.com/Farabi/razi.html

Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi (864-930 apr. jc) 1-PRESENTATION 2-CONTRIBUTIONS Razi était un Hakim; un alchimiste et un philosophe. Dans la médecine, sa contribution était si considérable pouvant être comparée à celle d'Ibn Sina. Quelques-uns de ses travaux en médecine par exemple "Kitab al-Mansoori", "Al-Havi", "Kitab al-Mulooki" et "Kitab al-Judari wa al-Hasabah" a gagné une célébrité éternelle. "Kitab al-Mansoori" a été traduit dans le latin au l5e siècle APR. J.C., comprend dix volumes sur la médecine Greco-arabe. Quelques-uns de ses volumes ont été publiés en Europe séparément. Son "al-Judari wal Hasabah" était le premier traité sur la variole et la rougeole. Il a été traduit dans plusieurs langues Européennes. À travers ce traité il est devenu le premier tirer des comparaisons claires entre variole et rougeole. "Al-Havi" était la plus grande encyclopédie médicale composée information disponible de sources grec et Arabes sur chaque sujet médical tout en donnant donnant ses propres remarques basé sur son expérience. Un point fort de son système médical était qu'il a préféré le traitement hygienique (mode de vie t nourriture) sur les drogues. Il a rapporté l'influence des facteurs psychologiques sur la santé. Il a aussi essayé en premier lieu des remèdes proposés sur les animaux pour évaluer dans leurs effets indésirables . Il était aussi chirurgien expert et le premier à utiliser l'opium pour anesthésie. Il paraît possible qu'il a développé sa chimie de Jabir Ibn Hayyan. . Il a décrit en détail plusieurs réactions chimiques. Un de ses livres a appelé "Kitab-al-Asrar" qui traite de la préparation de matières chimiques et leur utilisation. Un autre on a été traduit dans le latin sous le nom "Liber Experimentorum", Il a contibué entre autre dans la cimie organique. Comme pharmacien, il était le premier à produire de l'acide sulfurique avec quelques autres acides, et il a aussi préparé l'alcool en fermentant des produits sucrés.

47. Ibn Al Nafis He wrote treatises on eye diseases and diet and commentaries on medicalwritings of Hippocrates, Avicenna, and hunayn ibn ishaq. http://www.damascus-online.com/se/bio/ibn_al.htm

Ibn al-Nafis (d. 1288) in full 'AL A ' AD-DIN AB U AL-'AL A ' 'ALI IBN ABI AL- H ARAM AL-QURAYSHI AD-DIMASHQI IBN AN-NAFIS, Arab physician who first described the pulmonary circulation of the blood. In finding that the wall between the right and left ventricles of the heart is solid and without pores, he disputed Galen's view that the blood passes directly from the right to the left side of the heart. Ibn an-Nafis correctly stated that the blood must pass from the right ventricle to the left ventricle by way of the lungs. But the significance of his statement remained unheeded, and, in fact, was probably unknown by physicians in western countries. It was only in the 20th century that his work was brought to light. Ibn an-Nafis studied in Damascus under the physician ad-Dakhwar and went to Egypt to take charge of the Nasiri Hospital in Cairo. He wrote treatises on eye diseases and diet and commentaries on medical writings of Hippocrates, Avicenna, and Hunayn ibn Ishaq.

48. Science3 One of its most famous scholars was hunayn ibn ishaq (Joanitius) who eventuallytranslated the entire set of Greek medical books into Arabic, including the http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us/schwww/sch618/ScienceMath/Science3.html

Islamic Science and Math (continued) D. Optics - Study of Light and Vision 1. Egyptians were already making glass in 3500 BCE, although it was not perfectly transparent. A number of Greek and Roman references from about 200 BCE cite the usefulness of curved glass lenses in starting fires. From Dr. Zahoor's site The Islamic Empire, through its massive work of translating Greek and Roman texts into Arabic, learned about the manufacture of glass lenses. Islamic scientist Ibn Sahl (984) developed the first accurate theory of refraction of light . He gave Islamic science the understanding needed to develop all the optical tools and theories later developed in 17th century Europe. 2. Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham (965 - 1040 C.E.) was known in Europe as Alhazen. He studied the human eye and describe how we see. His Book of Optics recognized that sight is visual images entering the eye, made perceptible by adequate light. Read more about Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haitham who is considered the father of modern optics E. Advances in Medicine:

49. Islamic Medicine About Muslim Spain from Si, Spain Ottowa (CA) About Ibn al-Baitar - Muslim ScholarsPage (mirrored) Brief Note on hunayn ibn ishaq al Ibadi The Discovery http://www.ummah.com/islam/taqwapalace/fitness/health1.html

Islam and Medicine KORAN AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES By:MUHAMMED ASADI THE QUR'AN AND MODERN SCIENCE Taken from "The Origin of Man", by Dr. Maurice Bucaille. Quran and scientific knowledge Wonders of creation Islamic Medicine by Edited by Shahid Athar , M. D. Contemporary Issues in the Practice of Islamic Medicine Information for Health Care Providers when dealing with a Muslim Patient Medical Ethics Questions - ISNA Conv '97 Islam and Medicine - Hasan Gaznavi Health Concerns For BELIEVERS Contemporary Issues by Shahid Athar , M. D. Holy Quran and the Psyche Anger and Dejection - An Islamic Perspective Islam and depression . (by Dr.Y.Al-Qaradawi) - Arabic text. Date" ...relief of pain as a medical discovery !! The herb treatment in Muslim cultural Traditional Medicine Kitab Al-Tibb [partial transl. of Sunan Abu-Dawud ] - USC Muslim Stud. Assoc. Server (US) Prophetic Medicine With some articles about medical applications of some flys( Maggot and Larvae fly): Article (1) Article (2) Article (3) Contribution of Islam to Medicine - Ezzat Abouleish Islamic Medicine: 1000 years ahead of its times - Ibrahim B. Syed

50. Thabit Ibn Qurra Definition Meaning Information Explanation He translated from Greek Apollonius, Archimedes, Euclid and Ptolemy. Thabithad revised translation of Euclid Elements of hunayn ibn ishaq. http://www.free-definition.com/Thabit-ibn-Qurra.html

A B C D ... Contact Beta 0.71 powered by: akademie.de PHP PostgreSQL Google News about your search term Thabit ibn Qurra Thabit ibn Qurra abu' l'Hasan ibn Marwan al-Sabi al'Harrani February 18 ) was an Arab astronomer and mathematician . In Latin he was known as Thebit Thabit was born in Harran (antique Carrhae), Mesopotamia (now Turkey ). Upon the proposal of Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir Thabit went to study in Baghdad to Shakir's brothers the Bani Mussa. He led a group of translators, who came from the pagan pseudo Sabeans from Harran. Arabic writters confound the Babylonian Sabeans from the Harrarian Sabeans. Harrarian Sabeans respected stars and for this reason they have very soon showed a great interests for astronomy and mathematics . In the times of Muslim supremacy they have accepted the name Sabean to get benefits from privileges that were allowed by the Ko'ran. This name later ramained and this strange sect have lived in vicinity of the main center of the Caliphate till the half of the 13th century , when the Mongols have destroyed their last shrine. Their merits in the spiritual and scientifical fields have with no doubt helped them to get a protection from the Muslim s. In the times of al - Mutawakkil reign their city became a center of the philosophical and medical school, which was transferred from

51. History Of Mathematics: Arabic Mathematics ibn Matar (c. 800); Muhammad ibn Musa AlKhwarizmi (c. 780-c. 850);hunayn ibn ishaq (Johannitius) (808-873); `Abd al-Hamid ibn Turk http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/arab.html

Arabic Mathematics This page is under development. Mathematicians Banu Musa (sons of Musa ibn Shakir) (ninth century) al-Hajjaj ibn Matar (c. 800) Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780-c. 850) Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Johannitius) (808-873) `Abd al-Hamid ibn Turk (c. 850) Ahmad ibn `Abdullah al-Marwazi Habas al-Hasib (c. 850) Thabit ibn Qurra (836 -901) al-Fadl al-Nayrizi (c. 880) Abu Kamil ibn Aslam (c. 850-930) Qusta ibn Luka (d. 912) Abu `Abdallah Mohammad ibn Jabir al-Battani (Albatenius) (c. 858-929) Abu Nasr al-Farabi (Alpharabius) (c. 878-c. 950) Ibrahim ibn Sinan (909-946) Abu Sahl al-Kuhi (c. 950) Abu l'Hasan al-Uqlidisi (c. 952) `Abd al-`Aziz al-Qabisi (c. 950) Muhammad Abu l'Wafa (Albuzjani) (940-998) Abd al-Jalil al-Sijzi (c. 970) Abu `Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) (c. 965-1039) Abu l-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (973-1055) Abu Bakr al-Karaji (al Karkhi) (c. 1000) Abu `Abdallah al-Hasan ibn al-Baghdadi (c. 1000) Kushyar ibn Labban (c. 1000) Maslama al-Majriti (c. 1000) Abu Nasr Mansur ibn Iraq (d. 1030) Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi (c. 1025)

52. Costantino Africano Translate this page iniziare gli studenti in medicina fino alla fine del Medioevo, versione abbreviatadelle Questioni sulla medicina di hunayn ibn ishaq (Giovannizio), traduttore http://www.accademiajr.it/medweb/costantino.html

Costantino Africano Practica (in dodici libri), dove scrisse come il medico conserva la salute e cura la malattia ; il Librum duodecim graduum; Diaeta ciborum; Librum febrium (tradotto dall'arabo); De urina, De interioribus membris; De coitu; Viaticum [...], Tegni; Megategni; Microtegni; Antidotarium; Disputationes Platonis et Hippocratis in sententiis; De simplici medicamine; De Gynaecia [...]; De pulsibus; Prognostica; De experimentis; Glossae herbarum et specierum; Chirurgia; De medicamine oculorum. Il viatico del viaggiatore di Ibn al-Gazzar. Ma le traduzioni costantiniane che maggiormente incisero sulla medicina europea furono senz'altro le opere d'insegnamento medico tardo-alessandrino tradotte in arabo, di cui l'occidente aveva ricevuto solo una pallida eco attraverso versioni greco-latine: innanzitutto la Ysagoge Johannitii Questioni sulla medicina di Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Giovannizio), traduttore dal greco in arabo nel IX secolo, ripresa delle introduzioni al galenismo proposte dai maestri alessandrini del V e VI secolo. La traduzione costantiniana del Libro regale , composto alla fine del X secolo dal medico di origine persiana 'Ali ibn al'Abbas al-Magusi (noto nell'Occidente latino come Haly Abbas), nota con il nome di Pantegni Pantegni funse da manuale da cui attingere conoscenze fondamentali in tutti i campi, specialmente nell'anatomia, scienza piuttosto trascurata nell'alto medioevo, ed insieme all'

53. HPS: Paper 1: Centres Of Excellence - 5. Baghdad translations. Translators patronised hunayn ibn ishaq, son Ishaq ibnHunayn, and nephew Hubaysh (Christians from southern Iraq); Thabit http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/readinglists/p1psme-5.html

window.defaultStatus="Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge" Department of History and Philosophy of Science READING LISTS HOME SEARCH CONTACT Centres of Excellence: Patronage and the Exact Sciences in the Pre-Modern Middle East, 800 BCE-1500 CE Week 5. Baghdad, 750-950 CE Abbasid Iraq Descendants of Abbas, the prophet's uncle Peace and prosperity Islamic 'commonwealth' Tax-breaks for Muslims Most important caliphs: Mansur, 754-775 CE Ma'mun, son of Harun al-Rashid, 813-833 Population mix: Urban Aramaic-speaking Christians and Jews Urban Persians Christian Arabs in southern towns Nomadic, pagan Arabs Muslim Arabs in Baghdad and Mosul Mansur Mansur's Baghdad Founded on 30 July 762 Date chosen by court astrologer Nawbaht and colleagues Round city: astrological symbolism? Upstream from Ctesiphon, the old Sasanian capital Madinat al-Salam : city of peace Diwan , "bureaux" around central ring Mansur's Sasanian ideology Overthrow of Ummayads plotted in eastern Iran (Khurasan) Persian Barmakid family senior administrators Astrology central to administration 'House of wisdom' simply a Persian style library, one of many diwans

54. Classical Islamic Biomedicine mirrored); Brief Note on hunayn ibn ishaq al Ibadi; The Discovery ofthe Pulmonary Circulation Revisited Soubani et al., 95 (SA); http://www.mic.ki.se/Arab.html

search help staff Classical Islamic Biomedicine A Brief Chronology of Muslim History [ISL Software] - USC Muslim Stud Assoc, and some islamic history maps - UPenn (US) Internet Islamic History Sourcebook P Halsall The Prophet Mohammad - Muslim Students Assoc., USC Holy Qur'an Resources on the Internet D al Tableegh ] - (UK) and The Koran [transl. MH Shakir] - U of Michigan/HTI (US) Qur'an Leaf - Utah Museum of Fine Arts, exhibition Nov 1997 Translations of the Qur'an USC Muslim Students Assoc. Translation, partial, of Kitab Al-Tibb (Medicine), Sunan Abu-Dawud Book 28, and of Sahih Bukhari, Book 71 - USC Muslim Stud. Assoc. Server (US) Excerpts from The Sunnah [in English] - Medieval Source Book Arabic Legacies Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts , and Islamic Medical Manuscripts at the NLM (US) On Islamic Medicine S Athar Islam and the Medical Sciences - The Religion of Islam Home Page - Islamic Gateway (UK) Medieval (Islamic) Medicine, Health and Hygiene - Horace Mann Academic Middle School Some notes on Medieval Islamic Chemical Technology PJ Gans Muslim Scholars and Thinkers through the 14th Century Batke et al.

55. Schwartz Judaica: The Book Of Ten Treaties On The Eye Ascribed To Hunain Ibn Is- Author hunayn ibn ishaq al Ibadi Title The Book of Ten Treaties on the Eye Ascribedto Hunain Ibn Is-Haq (809 - 877 AD). The Earliest Existing Systematic http://www.schwartzjudaica.com/cgi-bin/sjb455/001864.html

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56. Schwartz Judaica: Arabic hunayn ibn ishaq al Ibadi, The Book of Ten Treaties on the Eye Ascribedto Hunain Ibn Is-Haq (809 - 877 AD). The Earliest Existing Systematic. http://www.schwartzjudaica.com/cgi-bin/sjb455/scan/mp=keywords/se=Arabic/st=sql/

Browse by category 2nd Commonwealth Acre Addresses Aden Africa Africian-American Agada Agam Aggada Algeria Alliance Israelite Almanac Alphabets Altona America Ancient Israel Angels Anglo-Judaica Anglo-Saxon Animals Anti-Zionism Antisemitism Apocrypha Arab Arabic Arabs Aramaic Archaeology Architecture Argentina Arizona Art Assyrian Astronomy Athletes Atlanta Atlas Auction Auschwitz Austria Autobiography B'nai B'rith Ba-midbar Baal Shem Tov Babylonia Baja California Bar Mitzvah Bar-Kokhba Baranow Barbados Barniv Basque Provinces Beirut Belorussia Ben Shahn Berlin Bible Biblical Literature Bibliography Bihle Bioethics Biographies Biography Biomedical Birobidzhan Blacks Bohemia Bonn Booklore Books Boston Botany Brazil Britain Bronx Brooklyn Budapest Buenos Aires Cairo Cairo Genizah Calendar California Canada Canarsie Cantorate Carlebach Catalog CCAR yearbooks Cemeteries Ceremonial objects Chagall Chaldee Chanukah Chaplains Chernobyl Chicago Children China Christainity Christian Christianity Chumash Civil Rights Civil War Cleveland Coins Cold War Comedians Comets Commentaries Commentary Communities Community Concordance Congregation Conservative Conversion Cookbook Costume Courtship Crafts Creation Crusades Customs Cyrene Czechoslovakia Czenstochov Czenstochover Danzig Dead Sea Dead Sea Scrolls Denmark Des Moines Detroit Deutero-Isaiah Dictionary Divorce Dore Drugs Dueteronomy Dutch Eastern Europe Ecclesiastes Ecuador Education Egypt Einstein Eishyshok Elderly Elijah Encyclopedia England English Engravings Epstein Eschatology Essays Esther Ethics Ethiopia Europe Exhibit Exodus Eyes Ezekiel Ezra Family Farmers Fascism Fauna Feminism Festivals Festschrift

57. BSHM Abstracts Y Young, Gregg De, ‘Ishaq ibn Hunayn, hunayn ibn ishaq, and the third Arabic translationof Euclid’s Elements’, Historia mathematica 19 (1992), 188199 It http://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/bshm/abstracts/Y.html

58. Euclid's Geometry: The Arabian Euclid works into Arabic peaked under AlMa mun (813-833) who founded a research institute,the House of Wisdom, in Baghdad, headed by hunayn ibn ishaq (808-873 http://mathforum.org/geometry/wwweuclid/transl.htm

8. The Arabian Euclid Heath tells us that "the Caliph al-Mansur (754-775) sent a mission to the Byzantine Emperor as the result of which he obtained from him a copy of Euclid among other Greek books, and again that the Caliph al-Ma'mun (813-833) obtained manuscripts of Euclid, among others, from the Byzantines." Most of the Greek learning that was preserved in the Library at Alexandria must have ended up in Rome before the Christians and Arabs gradually destroyed it. It is reasonable to think that copies of pagan books then made their way from Rome, the capital of the old, western Roman Empire, to Constantinople, the capital of the new, eastern Roman Empire, before Rome was sacked in the 5th Century. Constantinople did not fall until 1203, leaving plenty of time for Greek science to migrate into the Islamic empire. The first Arabic translation that we know of was made by Al-Hajjaj j. b. Yusuf b. Matar (Al-Hajjaj) in the 8th Century. A manuscript copy of this version still exists. It is one of many manuscripts of Arabic translations that have survived. The translation of Greek works into Arabic peaked under Al-Ma'mun (813-833) who "founded a research institute, the 'House of Wisdom,' in Baghdad," headed by Hunayn ibn Ishaq (808-873) in collaboration with his son, Ishaq ibn Hunayn, two of the most important translators of Greek works. (Lindberg, 169)

59. Al Razi Translate this page na música, mais tarde no entanto ele aprendeu a medicina, a matemática, a astronomia,a química ea filosofia de um estudante de hunayn ibn ishaq, que era http://www.islam.org.br/al_razi.htm

Em Nome de Deus, O Clemente, O Misericordioso! Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Al Razi Al Razi Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Zakariya Al Razi (864-930) nasceu em Ray, no Irã inicialmente, estava mais interessado na música, mais tarde no entanto ele aprendeu a medicina, a matemática, a astronomia, a química e a filosofia de um estudante de Hunayn Ibn Ishaq, que era bem versado nos ensinamentos dos antigos gregos, persas e hindus, de quem aprendeu tanto a medicina como outros assuntos. Estudou também com Ali Ibn Rabban, a experiência prática que ganhou no hospital bem conhecido de Muqtadari ajudou-lhe em sua profissão escolhida a medicina. Como passar dos conquistou uma certa eminência como um perito na medicina e na alquimia, de modo que os pacientes e os estudantes das partes mais distantes da Ásia, recorriam a ele para estudar e se tratar. Foi o primeiro a ser colocado como encarregado do primeiro hospital real em Ray, de onde ele logo alcançou uma posição similar em Bagda, onde permaneceu como encarregado do famoso Hospital de Muqtadari por um longo tempo. Mudou-se de tempo em tempo para várias cidades, especialmente entre o Ray e a cidade de Bagdá, mas retornou finalmente a Ray, onde morreu em 930, seu nome foi homenageado dando o nome ao instituto de Razi perto de Teerã.

60. HISTORIA MATHEMATICA VOLUME 19, PAGES 125232, MAY 1992 177 Ishaq ibn Hunayn, hunayn ibn ishaq, and the Third ArabicTranslation of Euclid s Elements Gregg de Young http://www.math.uu.nl/ichm/hm/19125232.html

Volume Index Previous VOLUME 19, PAGES 125232, MAY 1992 Elements Gregg de Young ....................................................... 188 SOURCES Guo Schuchun's Edition of the Jiu Zhang Suan Shu . (Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art) Guo Schuchun ......................................................... 200 REVIEWS Introduction to Analysis of the Infinite, Book I , by Leonhard Euler (Ronald Calinger) .................................................... 213 Hermann Weyl 18851985 ABSTRACTS Next Back to ICHM homepage. Last Updated: September 27, 1996

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