1. Herman Hollerith The World's First Statistical Engineer Herman Hollerith The World's First Statistical Engineer. Portrait of Hollerith. In 1790 it took the United States' Census Bureau less than nine months to complete the first census. to find a new http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/hollerith

Herman Hollerith: The World's First Statistical Engineer by Mark Russo Portrait of Hollerith In 1790 it took the United States' Census Bureau less than nine months to complete the first census. By 1860 the population increased almost tenfold since 1790, from 3.8 million to 31.8 million. In 1887 the Census Bureau completed the eleventh census seven years after it began. The inability to obtain census data in a reasonable time frame was a manifestation of what all data collectors had to face: With current technology the scale and complexity of some tabulations would soon be unthinkable In the case of the census, a solution was necessary. These calculations were not solely for bureaucrats or intellectual curiosity. A regular census was needed to uphold the integrity of the United States Constitution . The seats in the House of Representatives are assigned based on the census data. Due to the dynamic state of the nation's population at the time of the eleventh census the need to stay abreast on the changing demography of the country was particularly urgent. During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century great changes in the composition of the population of the United States occurred. The population increased by more than twelve million between 1880 and 1890.

2. Hollerith Herman Hollerith. Herman Hollerith s parents were immigrants to the United Statesfrom Germany in 1848 after political disturbances in that country. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Hollerith.html

Herman Hollerith Born: 29 Feb 1860 in Buffalo, New York, USA Died: 17 Nov 1929 in Washington D.C., USA Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Herman Hollerith 's parents were immigrants to the United States from Germany in 1848 after political disturbances in that country. School was not very easy for Herman despite the fact that he was clever. Ashurst recounts [4]:- Herman is said to have been a bright and able child at school, but had an inability to learn spelling easily. His determined teacher made his life miserable to the extent that he used to avoid school whenever possible and run away when his teacher showed renewed effort to improve his spelling. The consequence of these school problems were that Herman was eventually taken away from school and he was tutored privately at home by the family's Lutheran minister. Hollerith entered the City College of New York in 1875 and he became an engineering graduate of the Columbia School of Mines in 1879, obtaining a distinction in his final examinations. His undergraduate record had been outstanding and one of his teachers, Professor W P Trowbridge, was so impressed that he asked Hollerith to become his assistant. So after graduating Hollerith became an assistant to Trowbridge, first at Columbia University but later he joined the US Census Bureau as a statistician when Trowbridge was appointed Chief Special Agent to the Census Bureau. This appointment was very significant because it was in solving the problems of analysing the large amounts of data generated by the 1880 US census that Hollerith was led to look for ways of manipulating data mechanically. The idea in fact came from Dr John Shaw Billings who Hollerith came in contact with in his work for the US Census Bureau. Hollerith wrote much later (see [6]):-

3. History Of Computing Science: Herman Hollerith Herman Hollerith. Computers From the Past to the Present Herman HollerithLast modified August 12, 2003 ©19942003 by Michelle A. Hoyle. http://www.eingang.org/Lecture/hollerith.html

Herman Hollerith Next Index Prev A step toward automated computation was the introduction of punched cards, which were first successfully used in connection with computing in 1890 by Herman Hollerith working for the U.S. Census Bureau. He developed a device which could automatically read census information which had been punched onto card. Surprisingly, he did not get the idea from the work of Babbage, but rather from watching a train conductor punch tickets. As a result of his invention, reading errors were consequently greatly reduced, work flow was increased, and, more important, stacks of punched cards could be used as an accessible memory store of almost unlimited capacity; furthermore, different problems could be stored on different batches of cards and worked on as needed. Hollerith's tabulator became so successful that he started his own firm to market the device; this company eventually became International Business Machines (IBM). Computers: From the Past to the Present Herman Hollerith: Last modified August 12, 2003

4. HERMAN HOLLERITH - Meaning And Definition Of The Word Search Dictionary HERMAN HOLLERITH Dictionary Entry and Meaning. ComputingDictionary. Definition The promulgator of the punched card. http://www.hyperdictionary.com/computing/herman hollerith

English Dictionary Computer Dictionary Thesaurus Dream Dictionary ... Medical Dictionary Search Dictionary: HERMAN HOLLERITH: Dictionary Entry and Meaning Computing Dictionary Definition: The promulgator of the punched card . Hollerith was born on 1860-02-29 and died on 1929-11-17. He graduated from Columbia University, NewYork, NY, USA. He joined the US Census Bureau as a statistician where he used a punched card device to help analyse the 1880 US census data. This punched card system stored data in 80 columns. This "80-column" concept has carried forward in various forms into modern applications. In 1896, Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company to exploit his invention and in 1924 his firm became part of IBM . The Hollerith system was used for the 1911 UK census. A correspondant writes: Wasn't Hollerith's original machine first used for the 1990 US census? And I think I am right in saying that the physical layout was a 20x12 grid of round holes. The one I have seen (picture only, unfortunately, not the real thing) did not use 'columns' as such but holes were grouped into irregularly-shaped fields, such that each hole had a more-or-less independent function. See Also: person HOME ABOUT HYPERDICTIONARY

5. Herman Hollerith From FOLDOC Free Online Dictionary of Computing. Herman Hollerith. person The promulgatorof the punched card. Hollerith was born on 1860-02-29 and died on 1929-11-17. http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Herman Hollerith

6. Computer Dictionary Definition Of Hollerith Herman Computer Dictionary Definition of hollerith herman. Search dictionary. Displayingall Computer dictionary definition of hollerith herman. Definition http://www.realdictionary.com/computer/Computer/Hollerith-Herman.asp

Computer Dictionary Definition of Hollerith Herman Search dictionary Site Options Return to home page Link To Us Tell a Friend English Dictionary ... Useful Links Forget Us NOT Bookmark Us Make us your home page Displaying all Computer dictionary definition of Hollerith Herman Definition:- Category : algorithm Related Words:- Hollerith Herman If you are looking for definition of a computer word and you are not sure about the spelling: Please select first one letter of computer word you are looking for: (e.g. To search for Computer, click on C) A B C D ... Z Or fiSearchFormMaxSetId='AX006027'; Advertisement Contact Us

7. Herman Hollerith - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Herman Hollerith. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. ImageHollerith.jpg.Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 November 17, 1929 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Hollerith

Herman Hollerith From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Herman Hollerith February 29 November 17 ) was an American businessman and the promulgator of the punch card Hollerith graduated from Columbia University New York and joined the US Census Bureau as a statistician where he used a punched card device (inspired by the system used by the railroad conductors, which used punching holes in various places on a passenger's ticket to identify the holder's gender, age group, etc.) to help analyse the US census data. This evolved, in 1928, into a punched card system that stored data in 80 columns. This "80-column" concept has carried forward in various forms into modern applications. On January 8 Hollerith received a patent for his electric tabulating machine . In , Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company to exploit his invention and in his firm became part of IBM . The Hollerith system was used for the 1911 UK census . Hollerith cards made the Holocaust possible. Hollerith Departments were used at Auschwitz Bergen-Belsen Dachau Flossenbürg ... Stuffhof , and Westerbork . Holertith Systems were usedfor Bombing Surveys, for the Dutch census, and for camp population management; for military uses, for Nazi businesses, for railroads, for tracking Allied Soldiers, and most controversially for synchronization of the "Final Solution".

8. Herman Hollerith From FOLDOC Herman Hollerith. person The promulgator of the punched card. Hollerithwas born on 186002-29 and died on 1929-11-17. He graduated http://www.instantweb.com/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Herman Hollerith

9. Herman Hollerith hollerith herman. Black,E. IBM and the Holocaust. The names below arementioned on the listed pages with the name hollerith herman. http://www.namebase.org/main2/Herman-Hollerith.html

HOLLERITH HERMAN Black,E. IBM and the Holocaust. 2001 Corso,P. The Day After Roswell. 1997 pages cited this search: 11 Order hard copy of these pages Show a social network diagram for this name The names below are mentioned on the listed pages with the name HOLLERITH HERMAN Click on a name for a new proximity search: AIKEN HOWARD Corso,P. The Day After Roswell. 1997 FAIRCHILD GEORGE Black,E. IBM and the Holocaust. 2001 ... Corso,P. The Day After Roswell. 1997 HOLLERITH HERMAN pages searched: 11 These names share the indicated number of pages with the above name. Click on a name below for a standard name search: FLINT CHARLES NORTH SIMEON AIKEN HOWARD FAIRCHILD GEORGE ... Back to home page

10. Herman Hollerith Herman Hollerith. Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860November 17, 1929)was an American business man and the promulgator of the punch card. http://www.fact-index.com/h/he/herman_hollerith.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index Herman Hollerith Herman Hollerith February 29 November 17 ) was an American business man and the promulgator of the punch card Hollerith graduated from Columbia University New York and joined the US Census Bureau as a statistician where he used a punched card device (inspired by the system, used by the railroad conductors, of punching holes in various places on a passenger's ticket to identify the holder e.g., gender, age group) to help analyse the US census data. This evolved, in 1928, into a punched card system that stored data in 80 columns. This "80-column" concept has carried forward in various forms into modern applications. On January 8 Hollerith received a patent for his electric tabulating machine. In , Hollerith founded the Tabulating Machine Company to exploit his invention and in his firm became part of IBM . The Hollerith system was used for the 1911 UK census Based on a FOLDOC entry This article is from Wikipedia . All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License

11. Herman Hollerith Herman Hollerith. Inducted 1990. Herman Hollerith invented and developed a punchcardtabulation machine system that revolutionized statistical computation. http://museum.nist.gov/panels/conveyor/hollerithbio.htm

Herman Hollerith Born February 29, 1860 - Died November 17, 1929 Art of Compiling Statistics; Apparatus for Compiling Statistics Patent Nos. 395,781; 395,782; 395,783 Inducted 1990 Herman Hollerith invented and developed a punch-card tabulation machine system that revolutionized statistical computation. Born in Buffalo, New York, the son of German immigrants, Hollerith enrolled in the City College of New York at age 15 and graduated from the Columbia School of Mines with distinction at the age of 19. His first job was with the U.S. Census effort of 1880. Hollerith successively taught mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and worked for the U.S. Patent Office. The young engineer developed an electrically actuated brake system for the railroads, but the Westinghouse steam-actuated brake prevailed. Hollerith began working on the tabulating system during his days at MIT, filing for the first patent in 1884. He developed a hand-fed 'press' that sensed the holes in punched cards; a wire would pass through the holes into a cup of mercury beneath the card closing the electrical circuit. This process triggered mechanical counters and sorter bins and tabulated the appropriate data. Hollerith's system-including punch, tabulator, and sorter-allowed the official 1890 population count to be tallied in six months, and in another two years all the census data was completed and defined; the cost was $5 million below the forecasts and saved more than two years' time.

12. The History Of Computers: Herman Hollerith Herman Hollerith. Everybody links the name of this company with the useof computers. Herman Hollerith died at the age of 43 in 1929. http://www2.fht-esslingen.de/studentisches/Computer_Geschichte/grp2/holler.html

Herman Hollerith In the year 1886, Herman Hollerith had the idea of using punched cards to keep and transport information, a technology used up to the late 1970s. Those punched cards were read electronically: the cards were transported between brass rods, and when there were holes in the cards, the rods made contact and a electric current could flow. This device was constructed to allow the 1890 census to be tabulated. This construction meant a great improvement as hand tabulation was projected to take more than a decade. In 1896 the Tabulating Machine Company was founded by Hollerith. Twenty-eight years later, in 1924, after several take-overs the company became known as International Business Machines (IBM), a company which is well known nowadays. Everybody links the name of this company with the use of computers. Herman Hollerith died at the age of 43 in 1929. Authors: Back to the index-page

13. Information Sciences Hall Of Fame -- Herman Hollerith Herman Hollerith (1860 1929). Herman Hollerith invented a tabulating machinewhich was the first that utilized punched cards in data processing. http://www.sis.pitt.edu/~mbsclass/hall_of_fame/hollerit.htm

Herman Hollerith (1860 - 1929) Table of Contents I. Claim to Fame II. Research/Career Highlights III. Trivia IV. Bibliography I. Claim to Fame Herman Hollerith invented a tabulating machine which was the first that utilized punched cards in data processing. The machine greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of data processing and it laid the foundation for the development of electronic computer. Indeed, his punched-card technology was used up to late 1970s. With his great invention, Hollerith secured his place in history as the father of information processing. Back to Table of Contents II. Research/Career Highlights In 1884, Hollerith designed a punched tape machine to tabulate and process vital statistical data. The punched tape system was later replaced by punched cards which provided the capability of sorting and resorting of data. His machine was employed in the 1890 Census and was proved to be a great success. Indeed, the 1890 Census was completed in 3 years while the 1880 Census needed more than 7 years to complete. Subsequent to his success in the United States, Hollerith opened commercial markets overseas for his tabulating machine. The machine was sold to foreign countries including Austria, Italy, German, Russia, Canada, and Norway.

14. Herman Hollerith Herman Hollerith Image from www.historia.et.tudelft.nl/wggesch/ geschiedenis/computer/. HermanHollerith - Inventor of the punch card . http://pstcc4.pstcc.edu/~csithome/gmw/history_people_hollerith.htm

15. Hollerith Herman Herman Hollerith Wikipedia Herman Hollerith. Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860-November 17, 1929)was an American business man and the promulgator of the punch card. http://vdict.com/i/6/hollerith herman.html

Computing (FOLDOC) Hollerith, Herman Herman Hollerith Vietnamese English French Online Dictionary

16. Computerworld - Ojcowie Informatyki: Herman  Hollerith Herman Hollerith (18601929). Herman Hollerith. Pracownik biura spisuludnosci USA, w 1890 r. zbudowal pierwszy tabulator - oparte http://www.computerworld.pl/historia/ojcowie.asp?id=7

17. Inventor Herman Hollerith herman hollerith. Fascinating facts about herman hollerith inventor of an early computer, the punch hollerith, herman (18601929), American inventor, born in Buffalo, New York, and http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/hollerith.htm

Herman Hollerith Fascinating facts about Herman Hollerith inventor of an early computer, the punch card machine in 1890. Hollerith, Herman (1860-1929), American inventor, born in Buffalo, New York, and educated at Columbia University, who devised a system of encoding data on cards through a series of punched holes. This system proved useful in statistical work and was important in the development of the digital computer. Hollerith's machine, used in the 1890 U.S. census, "read" the cards by passing them through electrical contacts. Closed circuits, which indicated hole positions, could then be selected and counted. His Tabulating Machine Company (1896) was a predecessor to the International Business Machines Corporation. TO LEARN MORE RELATED INFORMATION: Invention of the Computer from The Great Idea Finder ON THE BOOKSHELF: American Computer Pioneers by Mary Northrup / Library Binding - 112 pages (July 1998) / Enslow Publishers, Inc. Computers: An Illustrated History by Christian Wurster / Hardcover: 480 pages / TASCHEN America Llc; (February 2002)

18. Hollerith, Herman Fame hollerith, herman. Born 1860 Birthplace Buffalo, NY Relatedcontent from HighBeam Research on hollerith, herman. hollerith http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0767158.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... D-Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Health and Science Inventions and Discoveries The National Inventors Hall of Fame Hollerith, Herman Born: Birthplace: Buffalo, N.Y. Hollerith invented a punch card tabulation machine system that revolutionized statistical computation. His system enabled the 1890 census to save $5 million and more than two years time. (1990) Died: Hoffmann, Felix The National Inventors Hall of Fame Houdry, Eugene Related content from HighBeam Research on: Hollerith, Herman Hollerith, Herman (1860-1929) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography) Hollerith, Herman (1860-1929) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Computing, Multimedia, and the Internet) MOBJACK FARM A VISIT TO WELL-PRESERVED MATHEWS COUNTY ESTATE IS LIKE STEPPING INTO LIFE NEARLY A CENTURY AGO.(GRACIOUS LIVING) (The Virginian Pilot) Computer Science (The New York Public Library Science Desk Reference) Hollerith and His Tabulator Herman Hollerith looks out over the invention that brought data processing to the wo. . .

19. Hollerith Biography of herman hollerith (18601929) herman hollerith. Born 29 Feb 1860 in Buffalo, New York, USA herman hollerith's parents were immigrants to the United States from Germany in 1848 after political disturbances in http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Hollerith.html

Herman Hollerith Born: 29 Feb 1860 in Buffalo, New York, USA Died: 17 Nov 1929 in Washington D.C., USA Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Herman Hollerith 's parents were immigrants to the United States from Germany in 1848 after political disturbances in that country. School was not very easy for Herman despite the fact that he was clever. Ashurst recounts [4]:- Herman is said to have been a bright and able child at school, but had an inability to learn spelling easily. His determined teacher made his life miserable to the extent that he used to avoid school whenever possible and run away when his teacher showed renewed effort to improve his spelling. The consequence of these school problems were that Herman was eventually taken away from school and he was tutored privately at home by the family's Lutheran minister. Hollerith entered the City College of New York in 1875 and he became an engineering graduate of the Columbia School of Mines in 1879, obtaining a distinction in his final examinations. His undergraduate record had been outstanding and one of his teachers, Professor W P Trowbridge, was so impressed that he asked Hollerith to become his assistant. So after graduating Hollerith became an assistant to Trowbridge, first at Columbia University but later he joined the US Census Bureau as a statistician when Trowbridge was appointed Chief Special Agent to the Census Bureau. This appointment was very significant because it was in solving the problems of analysing the large amounts of data generated by the 1880 US census that Hollerith was led to look for ways of manipulating data mechanically. The idea in fact came from Dr John Shaw Billings who Hollerith came in contact with in his work for the US Census Bureau. Hollerith wrote much later (see [6]):-

20. Hollerith, Herman. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 2001. hollerith, herman. ( h´lrth) (KEY) , 18601929, American inventor, b See G. Austrian, herman hollerith ( 1982). http://www.bartleby.com/65/ho/Hollerit.html

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