1. Freundlich Erwin finlay freundlich. Born finlay freundlich s father was E Philipfreundlich and his mother was Ellen Elizabeth finlayson. Philip http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Freundlich.html

Erwin Finlay Freundlich Born: 29 May 1885 in Biebrich, Germany Died: 24 July 1964 in Wiesbaden, Germany Click the picture above to see two larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Finlay Freundlich 's father was E Philip Freundlich and his mother was Ellen Elizabeth Finlayson. Philip Freundlich was a German businessman but his wife Ellen was British. Perhaps it is worth explaining that Finlay Freundlich only called himself "Finlay" after he came to live in Scotland (this being a Scottish name); he was known as Erwin Freundlich for the first fifty years of his life. Klein Klein suggested to Freundlich that he might wish to apply for a post as an assistant at the Royal Observatory in Berlin and his appointment was confirmed on 1 July 1910. At this time Einstein was working on the general theory of relativity and, although he did not have the details of the theory worked out, he was beginning to understand some of its consequences. Already there was evidence that the orbit of Mercury did not fit that predicted by Newton 's theory of gravitation and in 1911 Einstein asked Freundlich to make accurate observations of Mercury's orbit. Freundlich worked with

2. Finlay Freundlich A conversation about finlay freundlich. These notes were made byEFR following conversations with Lilo Leyendecker. freundlich s http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Miscellaneous/other_links/Freundlich.ht

A conversation about Finlay Freundlich These notes were made by EFR following conversations with Lilo Leyendecker. Freundlich's brother advertised in Biebrich for a housekeeper to help look after Freundlich's home in St Andrews, Scotland. Lilo got the job and came to the Britain in 1953. She was met by an organisation which arranged for young au pair girls to get to their employers safely. She was put on a train in London which was going to Leuchars, and she was met there by Freundlich. He took her to his St Andrews house in Lawhead Road, just a little further out of the town than the University Observatory where he worked. By that time Freundlich's two children were married and had left home. Renate was living in Glasgow and by this time she had children of her own. Hans was living in Hull, and had one child. Mrs Freundlich was a very fussy person. She complained a lot in the shops that things were not to her satisfaction. This meant that she was disliked around the town. The only shop that seemed to please her was the butcher's shop where she said that the owner was nice to her because, although he had money, he wanted to improve his social status and he saw being friendly to a professor's wife as a step in the right direction. Freundlich loved children. Both he and his wife regretted that they had none of their own. He would be very happy when friends or colleagues brought their children to his house. He made a fuss of small children, bouncing them on his knee. He always tried to explain to them the wonders of the world around them, and he tried to convey his own love of Nature to children.

3. Freundlich, Herbert Max Finlay freundlich, Herbert Max finlay (18801941). German physical chemistwho worked on the nature of colloids, particularly sols and gels. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/F/Freundlich/1.h

Freundlich, Herbert Max Finlay German physical chemist who worked on the nature of colloids, particularly sols and gels. He introduced the term 'thixotropy' to describe the behaviour of gels. Freundlich was born in Berlin and studied at Munich and Leipzig. In 1911 he became professor at the Technische Hochschule in Brunswick. He worked at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institut in Berlin 1914-33. When Adolf Hitler came to power, Freundlich emigrated first to Britain and then, in 1938, to the USA, where he became professor of colloid chemistry at the University of Minnesota. Freundlich's research was mainly devoted to all aspects of colloid science. He investigated colloid optics, the scattering of light by dispersed particles of various shapes. He studied the electrical properties of colloids, since electrostatic charges are largely responsible for holding colloidal dispersions in place. He investigated mechanical properties such as viscosity and elasticity, and studied the behaviour of certain systems under other types of mechanical force. One application of this work has been the development of nondrip paints.

4. Freundlich, Erwin Finlay encyclopediaEncyclopedia freundlich, Erwin finlay, froind likh PronunciationKey. Related content from HighBeam Research on Erwin finlay freundlich. http://www.infoplease.com/ce5/CE019585.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... D-Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Freundlich, Erwin Finlay Pronunciation Key Freundlich, Erwin Finlay The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Freud, Sigmund Frey Related content from HighBeam Research on: Erwin Finlay Freundlich New book follows Einstein's paper trail.(Arts and Lifestyle) (The Boston Herald) At another eclipse, a star was born.(Albert Einstein)(Brief Article) (New Statesman (1996)) (Fem) (Variety) (Variety) Search HighBeam Research for: About Contact Link to Infoplease Privacy Related sites:

5. Freundlich, Erwin Finlay. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001. freundlich, ErwinFinlay. (froind´l kh) (KEY) , 1885–1964, German astronomer. http://www.bartleby.com/65/fr/Freundli.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Freundlich, Erwin Finlay

6. Astronomy: Page 1. Index To Biographical Entries. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Six Encke, Johann Franz. Eudoxus of Cnidus. Flammarion, Camille. Flamsteed, John.freundlich, Erwin finlay. Galileo. Galle, Johann Gottfried. Ganesa. Gill, SirDavid. http://www.bartleby.com/65/cat/bio/astrobio1.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia Index to Biographical Entries PREVIOUS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Astronomy Abbot, Charles Greeley

7. Freundlich, Erwin Finlay encyclopediaEncyclopedia freundlich, Erwin finlay, froind likh PronunciationKey. freundlich, Erwin finlay , 1885–1964, German astronomer. http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0819692.html

Encyclopedia Freundlich, Erwin Finlay Pronunciation Key Freundlich, Erwin Finlay The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Freud, Sigmund Frey Print this page Cite this page AD AD AD ADS Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search to your site ... Privacy Brought to you by:

8. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Erwin Finlay Freundlich (Astronomy, Biographies) - Encyc AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides completeinformation on Erwin finlay freundlich, Astronomy, Biographies. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/F/Freundli.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference May 31, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Astronomy, Biographies ... Erwin Finlay Freundlich By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z F Erwin Finlay Freundlich, Astronomy, Biographies Related Category: Astronomy, Biographies Erwin Finlay Freundlich Pronunciation Key Encyclopedia U com Check out around 175,000 brief encyclopedia articles on almost all topics. Related Categories: People Science and Technology Science and Technology Astronomy and Space Exploration ... Biographies More articles from AllRefer Reference on Erwin Finlay Freundlich Encyclopedia U com Check out around 175,000 brief encyclopedia articles on almost all topics. Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... AllRefer.com

9. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Encyclopedia Topics F : Frank - Fre - Reference Jean • Fresnillo • Fresno • Fretum Herculeum • Freud, Anna • Freud, Lucian• Freud, Sigmund • freundlich, Erwin finlay • Frey • Freycinet http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/topics-a-z/F4.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference May 31, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Encyclopedia Topics A-Z ... com Check out around 175,000 brief encyclopedia articles on almost all topics. Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... AllRefer.com

10. Archives Hub: Papers Of Erwin Finlay Freundlich Papers of Erwin finlay freundlich. Reference GB 0227 ms3700337008Title Papers of Erwin finlay freundlich Dates of creation ca. http://www.archiveshub.ac.uk/news/03032604.html

Archives Hub Helpdesk email archiveshub@mimas.ac.uk Phone +44 (0)161 275 6789 Papers of Erwin Finlay Freundlich Reference GB 0227 ms37003-37008 Title : Papers of Erwin Finlay Freundlich Dates of creation : ca. 1906-1958 Held at : University of St Andrews Extent : 7 boxes plus 1 volume Name of Creator : Erwin Finlay Freundlich Level of Description : fonds Language of Material : eng ger Administrative/Biographical History Erwin Finlay Freundlich (1885-1964) was the son of a German businessman and his British wife. (Finlay Freundlich only called himself 'Finlay' after he came to live in Scotland, being known as Erwin Freundlich for the first fifty years of his life). He was born in Biebrich and educated in Wiesbaden, Germany. In 1903 Freundlich completed his school education and went to work in the dockyards in Stettin. He entered the Technische Hochschule Grundlagen der Einsteinschen Gravitationstheorie discussed the ways that the general theory of relativity could be tested by astronomical observations. In 1918 Freundlich resigned his post in Berlin to work full time with Einstein. In 1920 the Einstein Institute was created as the Astrophysical Observatory in Potsdam and Freundlich was appointed as observer there in 1921. He was later promoted to chief observer and professor of astrophysics. In 1929 he observed a solar eclipse that yielded data intriguingly different from the Einstein prediction. His speculations on these data and on astronomical red shifts, published and defended during the last half of his life, are still controversial.

11. Archives Hub: Papers Of Erwin Finlay Freundlich Archives Hub homepage. Archives Hub. Helpdesk email archiveshub@mimas.ac.ukPhone +44 (0)161 275 6789. Pamplin Papers. Reference GB http://www.archiveshub.ac.uk/news/03032605.html

Archives Hub Helpdesk email archiveshub@mimas.ac.uk Phone +44 (0)161 275 6789 Pamplin Papers Reference GB 0222 PAMP Title : Pamplin Papers Dates of creation Held at : University of Wales Bangor Extent : 219 items Name of Creator : William Pamplin Level of Description : fonds Language of Material : eng fre ger Administrative/Biographical History William Pamplin (1806-1899), botanist, botanical publisher, bookseller and agent for the exchange and distribution of seeds, plants and herbarium specimens, was a central figure among nineteenth-century botanists. Born in Chelsea, the son of a nurseryman, Pamplin had a lifelong interest in plants. In 1827 he published a Catalogue of the rarer indigenous plants of Battersea and Clapham and in 1830, while still an assistant at his father's nursery he was elected a member of the Linnean Society. His acquaintance with continental botanists was largely due to his connection with John Hunnemann whose Soho bookselling business he took over and whose daughter, Caroline, became his first wife. In 1854 Pamplin became owner of The Phytologist , having bought the title from Edward Newman, and installed his long-time field companion, Alexander Irvine, as editor.

12. Einstein Archives Online - Contents Of Folder 11-3 Translate this page Albert, PREFACE, Get full record from archival database, 11-135.00,01/01/1916, Einstein, Albert, freundlich, Erwin finlay, Get full record http://www.alberteinstein.info/db/ViewFolder.do?folder=11-3

13. Einstein Archives Online - Contents Of Folder 11-4 Translate this page CPAE. Get full record from archival database, 11-243.00, 01/01/1927,freundlich, Erwin finlay, Das Turmteleskop der Einstein-Stiftung, http://www.alberteinstein.info/db/ViewFolder.do?folder=11-4

14. Erwin Finlay Freundlich - Encyclopedia Article About Erwin Finlay Freundlich. Fr Erwin Findlayfreundlich - encyclopedia article about Erwin Erwin Findlay-freundlich (May 29 May 29 is the 149th day of the year in the Gregoriancalendar (150th in leap years). Scottish name finlay was an German http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Erwin Finlay Freundlich

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Erwin Finlay Freundlich Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Erwin Findlay-Freundlich May 29 May 29 is the 149th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (150th in leap years). There are 216 days remaining. Events 1167 - Battle of Legano, in which The Lombard League defeats Emperor Frederick I 1414 - Council of Constance 1453 - Ottoman armies under Sultan Mehmed II Fatih capture Constantinople after a siege, ending the Byzantine Empire. 1660 - English Restoration: Charles II is restored to the throne of England Click the link for more information. Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century Decades: 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s - Years: 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 - This is a common year starting on Thursday (click on link for calendar) Events January 4 - The first successful appendectomy is performed (Dr. William Grant; patient was Mary Gartside). Click the link for more information. July 24 July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. Events 1567 - Mary Queen of Scots is deposed.

15. © 1998-2002 Sommerfeld-Projekt. Ausgelesen Am 29. Dezember 2002 Translate this page Erwin finlay freundlich an Arnold Sommerfeld, 8. Februar 1927 ArchivMünchen, DM (Archiv NL 89, 008) freundlich begründet Bevorzugung http://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~Sommerfeld/KurzFass/03009.html

Erwin Finlay Freundlich an Arnold Sommerfeld, 8. Februar 1927 Archiv: (Archiv NL 89, 008) Transkription nicht vorhanden Weitere Informationen Start Biographie Projekt ... Online-Suche

16. © 1998-2002 Sommerfeld-Projekt. Ausgelesen Am 29. Dezember 2002 Translate this page Arnold Sommerfeld an Erwin finlay freundlich, 14. Januar 1927 ArchivMünchen, DM (Archiv NL 89, 001) AS empfiehlt A. Unsöld, sein http://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~Sommerfeld/KurzFass/01998.html

Arnold Sommerfeld an Erwin Finlay Freundlich, 14. Januar 1927 Archiv: (Archiv NL 89, 001) Transkription Weitere Informationen Start Biographie ... Online-Suche

17. HighBeam Research: Search Results: Article freundlich, Herbert Max finlay (18801941). The Hutchinson Dictionaryof Scientific Biography; 1/1/1998. Read the Full Article, Get http://www.highbeam.com/library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1P1:28910054&num=12&ctrlInfo=Roun

18. HighBeam Research: ELibrary Search: Results 16. freundlich, Herbert Max finlay (18801941) The Hutchinson Dictionary of ScientificBiography; January 1, 1998 died in Minnesota on 30 March 1941. http://www.highbeam.com/library/search.asp?FN=AO&refid=ency_refd&search_dictiona

19. Freundlich Erwin finlay freundlich. Born 29 May 1885 in Biebrich, Germany Died24 July 1964 in Wiesbaden, Germany. Show birthplace location. http://intranet.woodvillehs.sa.edu.au/pages/resources/maths/History/Frndlch.htm

Erwin Finlay Freundlich Born: 29 May 1885 in Biebrich, Germany Died: 24 July 1964 in Wiesbaden, Germany Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Welcome page Finlay Freundlich was a student of Klein and worked with Einstein attempting in 1911 to make measurements of Mercury's orbit required to confirm the general theory of relativity. He confirmed it in a paper of 1913. Other tests of general relativity based on gravitational redshift were inconclusive. In 1918 he resigned his post in Berlin to work full time with Einstein Freundlich resigned when Hitler came to power in 1933 and emigrated to Turkey. He returned to Prague in 1937 but was forced out again by Hitler's policies in 1939. This time he came to St Andrews to set up a department of astronomy. Freundlich became the Napier Professor of Astronomy in 1951, a post he held until 1959. References (3 books/articles) References elsewhere in this archive: A poster of this mathematician is available Tell me about Freundlich's work on general relativity Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Welcome page History Topics Index Famous curves index ... Search Suggestions JOC/EFR December 1996 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Freundlich.html

20. References For Freundlich References for Erwin finlay freundlich. H von Klüber, Obituary Notice of Erwinfinlay freundlich, Astronomische Nachrichten 288 (196465), 281-288. http://intranet.woodvillehs.sa.edu.au/pages/resources/maths/History/~DZ211C.htm

References for Erwin Finlay Freundlich Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Articles: K Hentschel, Erwin Finlay Freundlich and Testing Einstein's Theory of Relativity, Archive for History of Exact Science Astronomische Nachrichten Close this window or click this link to go back to Freundlich Welcome page Biographies Index History Topics Index Famous curves index ... Search Suggestions JOC/EFR December 1996 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/References/Freundlich.html

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