21. Science Jokes:Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus. Nicolaus Copernicus (14371543), Polish astronomer, inventorof the Copernian system where Earth and the planets move around the sun. http://www.xs4all.nl/~jcdverha/scijokes/Copernicus.html

Index Comments and Contributions Index Jokes with Famous Scientists Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus (1437-1543), Polish astronomer, inventor of the Copernian system where Earth and the planets move around the sun. Mathematics is written for mathematicians (quotation) Why did the chicken cross the road? The Astronomer's Drinking Song The world does not revolve around you ... Comments and Contributions

22. Nicolaus Copernicus Museum In Frombork Discovered that the Earth is not in the center of the Universe but it circles the Sun. Facts of life and pictures of the Polish astronomer. http://www.frombork.art.pl/Ang02.htm

Life of Nicolaus Copernicus De Revolutionibus Portraits of Nicolaus Copernicus Back to home page Life of Nicolaus Copernicus De Revolutionibus Portraits of Nicolaus Copernicus Back to home page

23. Nicolaus Copernicus Museum In Frombork 19.II.1473. nicolaus copernicus born at Torun, Poland. 1483. copernicus father dies. 1489. Lukasz Watzenrode, copernicus maternal uncle and guardian, elected Bishop of Warmia. 1491. nicolaus copernicus leaves the parish school of St. http://www.frombork.art.pl/Ang11.htm

19.II.1473 Nicolaus Copernicus born at Torun, Poland Nicolaus Copernicus leaves the parish school of St. John, Torun for the University in Kraków. Period of studies at the University in Krakow. Copernicus begins Law studies at Bologna. Copernicus articled in the Pontifical Chancelleria at Rome. Delivers a public lecture on mathematics. Copernicus completes his fourth year of studies; his three year leave of absence from duties as Canon to the Chapter House expires; he goes to Frombork and requests two year extension of his leave to complete his studies. The Chapter approves his request. He begins the study of Medicine at Padua while continuing to read Law. Copernicus receives another appointment as Canon-Scholar at the Holy Cross Church in Wroclaw. his post is also held in absentia through vicars. Awarded Doctor of Canon Law degree at Ferrara. Completes second and final year of Medicine at Padua. Receives a licence to practice medicine. Copernicus and his uncle, the Bishop of Warmia, attend local congresses of the Estates, i.e. conventions for the election and instruction of local deputies to the lower house of the Polish Parliament (Sejm) in Royal Prussia, at Malbork. Elblag, and Torun Chapter appoints Copernicus private physician to the Bishop. Works on his Commentariolus which presents theories on motions of celestial bodies containing the first synopsis of his heliocentric theory. This treatise is sent to various persons via a series of letters.

24. MSN Encarta - Copernicus, Nicolaus Encyclopedia article provides an overview of the astronomer's early life, his education, and his revolutionary theory that the earth was not the center of the universe. http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571204/Copernicus_Nicolaus.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items Copernican System, with Sun at the center earlier Ptolemaic system with Earth at center of the Universe more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks Copernicus, Nicolaus News Search MSNBC for news about Copernicus, Nicolaus Internet Search Search Encarta about Copernicus, Nicolaus Search MSN for Web sites about Copernicus, Nicolaus Also on Encarta Have sports records become unbreakable? Compare top online degrees Democrats vs. Republicans: What's the difference? Also on MSN Outdoor BBQ: Everything you need Quest for Columbus on Discovery Channel Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement document.write('');

25. Physics Nicolaus Copernicus: Discussion Of Nicolaus Copernicus Quotes, Metaphysi Physics of nicolaus copernicus Discussion on Metaphysics of nicolaus copernicus and Motion of Earth about Sun from foundation of the Wave Structure of Matter Uniting Ptolemy and nicolaus Planets about the Sun. nicolaus copernicus - Born on Feb to become nicolaus copernicus - nicolaus copernicus. Detailed biography examines copernicus' dissatisfaction http://www.spaceandmotion.com/Physics-Nicolaus-Copernicus.htm

Introduction Quotes on Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus / Ptolemy Links Search ... Top of Page Nicolaus Copernicus Quotes / Quotations / Pictures Nicolaus (Nicolas) Copernicus Once it was recognised that the earth was not the center of the world, but only one of the smaller planets, the illusion of the central significance of man himself became untenable. Hence, Nicolaus Copernicus , through his work and the greatness of his personality, taught man to be honest. ( Albert Einstein , Message on the 410th Anniversary of the Death of Copernicus, 1953) Navigation: Please click Anchor Links to go to Page Headings (then scroll down Contents). Use Google to Search Website. Introduction Quotes on Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus / Ptolemy Links Search ... Top of Page Introduction to Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543) is known as one of the founding fathers of Cosmology, liberating us from the earth centric view of the universe (as formalised by Ptolemy, approx. 90 - 160AD). We find that the simplest explanation is most likely the true one as Max Born writes; Nicolaus Copernicus ' constructive achievement was that his system explained in a simpler way the phenomena which the traditional world system was able to explain only by means of complicated and artificial hypotheses. (

26. Copernicus Biography of nicolaus copernicus (14731543) nicolaus copernicus is the Latin version of the famous astronomer's name which he chose later in his life two sons and two daughters, of whom nicolaus copernicus was the youngest http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Copernicus.html

Nicolaus Copernicus Born: 19 Feb 1473 in Torun, Poland Died: 24 May 1543 in Frombork, Poland Click the picture above to see fifteen larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Nicolaus Copernicus is the Latin version of the famous astronomer's name which he chose later in his life. The original form of his name was Mikolaj Kopernik or Nicolaus Koppernigk but we shall use Copernicus throughout this article. His father, also called Nicolaus Koppernigk, had lived in Krakow before moving to Torun where he set up a business trading in copper. He was also interested in local politics and became a civic leader in Torun and a magistrate. Nicolaus Koppernigk married Barbara Watzenrode, who came from a well off family from Torun, in about 1463. They moved into a house in St Anne's Street in Torun, but they also had a summer residence with vineyards out of town. Nicolaus and Barbara Koppernigk had four children, two sons and two daughters, of whom Nicolaus Copernicus was the youngest. You can see a picture of the house in which Copernicus was born When young Nicolaus was ten years old his father died. His uncle Lucas Watzenrode, who was a canon at Frauenburg Cathedral, became guardian to Nicolaus and Barbara Koppernigk's four children.

27. Quotations By Copernicus Quotations by nicolaus copernicus. Mathemata mathematicis scribunturMathematics is written for mathematicians De Revolutionibus http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Quotations/Copernicus.html

Quotations by Nicolaus Copernicus Mathemata mathematicis scribuntur Mathematics is written for mathematicians De Revolutionibus If there should chance to be any mathematicians who, ignorant in mathematics yet pretending to skill in that science, should dare, upon the authority of some passage of Scripture wrested to their purpose, to condemn and censure my hypothesis, I value them not, and scorn their inconsiderate judgement. De Revolutionibus Coelestibus Finally we shall place the Sun himself at the center of the Universe. All this is suggested by the systematic procession of events and the harmony of the whole Universe, if only we face the facts, as they say, `with both eyes open'. Main index Quotations index Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR February 2003 The URL of this page is: School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Quotations/Copernicus.html

28. Torun Polar Station A polar station located on northwestern Spitsbergen owned by nicolaus copernicus University, Poland. Publications, maps and photo gallery. http://www.uni.torun.pl/~geopolar/stacja/english.htm

XXI Polar Expedition of UMK to Svalbard Overwintering on Kaffioyra The 100 photos of Svalbard N.Copernicus University Polar Station Svalbard-Spitsbergen-Kaffioyra General Informations N N icolaus Copernicus University Polar Station is northenmost polish scientific institution. Its goegraphical location is 78. 41' North and 11.51'East. It is situated on northern part of the Kaffiyora, close to the Aavatsmarka glacier. This station was used by 13 expeditions and 70 people so far. Effects of these expeditions are shown in 250 publications and on topographic and thematic maps. I n 1995 we started to do a sistematic study of mass balance of the Waldemarbreen. This quite small glacier with area of about 3 square kilometres lies 4,5 km from station. Like many other Spitsbergen's glaciers it has a negative mass balance. This trend maintains from the beginning of the XX century. The intensity and the run of this glacier's recession against a background of a climate conditions with geomorphological consequences of glacier's recession are the matter of a detailed study. In 1997 close to snout of the glacier a small glaciological station was built to widen a measurment work. N CU Polar Station is suitable to whole year work. It has three independent sources of energy (fuel engine, wind power station and sun battery ). Means of transport are: fibre glass, rubber motor boats and snow scooters. Radio communication is ensured by FM radiostation with its call signal LH3MB.

29. Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) nicolaus copernicus Monument, Chicago, USA; Walking Round Old Cracow, Poland Includesalso information about copernicus in Cracow, on the monument and on a http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_copernicus.html

History of Astronomy Persons Persons (C) Deutsche Fassung Copernicus [Kopernik; Koppernigk; wrongly also Kopernikus], Nicolaus [Polish: Mikolaj; sometimes also: Nicolas or Nicholas] Born: 19 February 1473, Torun (Thorn), Poland Died: 24 May 1543, Frauenburg (Frombork), Poland Astronomer, clergyman External documents Biographies, bibliographies and references Biographical data and references , by Richard S. Westfall Biography and references (Encycl. Brit.) Biography and references Biography (in German) Short biography and references (MacTutor Hist. Math.) Short biography and extended bibliography (in German) Short biography and references (in German) Short biography (11 Feb 1998: disappeared) Short biography , by Robert S. Westman Short biography (Eric Weisstein's Treasure Trove) Short biography Short biography Short biography , by J. G. Hagen From the Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913 Short biography Short biography Short biography Short biography (in German) Short biography (in German) Short biography (written for children) Short biography (in Polish) Very short biography and references Very short biography Very short biography Very short biography ... Copernicus-Forschungsstelle (in German) Deutsche Nicolaus-Copernicus-Gesamtausgabe (in German) Bibliography Bibliographies Library of Congress entries (1) Library of Congress entries (2) (See also this entry and this entry (misspelled).)

30. Nicolaus Copernicus Museum In Frombork Information about this museum in Frombork. http://www.frombork.art.pl/Ang01.htm

General information Nicolaus Copernicus Museum Frombork General information Nicolaus Copernicus Museum Frombork ... WORLD VIEW NETWORK

31. Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_copernicus-d.html

Geschichte der Astronomie Personen Personen (C) English Version (with much more links!) Geb.: 19. Februar 1473, Torun (Thorn), Polen Gest.: 24. Mai 1543, Frauenburg (Frombork), Polen Astronom, Geistlicher Externe deutschsprachige Dokumente Biographien, Bibliographien and Literaturhinweise Biographie Kurzbiographie und Literaturhinweise Kurzbiographie Kurzbiographie ... Deutsche Nicolaus-Copernicus-Gesamtausgabe Orte Copernicus-Denkmal , Niederkassel, Deutschland Benennungen Nicolaus-Copernicus-Planetarium hier Kopernikus-Oberschule Berlin-Steglitz , Deutschland Nikolaus-Kopernikus-Schule Leipzig , Deutschland Kopernikus-Gymnasium Walsum , Duisburg, Deutschland , Deutschland Copernicus-Gymnasium Philippsburg , Deutschland (Siehe auch hier Nikolaus-Kopernikus-Gymnasium , Weissenhorn, Deutschland Kopernikus-Gymnasium , Wissen, Deutschland Upstalsboom Hotel Kopernikus , Berlin Weitere Verweise (Suche mit Alta Vista) Wolfgang R. Dick

32. Caricature Of Nicolaus Copernicus clipart nicolaus copernicus nicolaus copernicus. Created by Caricature Zone http://www.magixl.com/caric./globeb/copernic.html

Nicolaus Copernicus Created by Caricature Zone

33. MSN Encarta - Copernicus, Nicolaus Encyclopedia article provides an overview of the astronomer's early life, his education, and his revolutionary theory that the earth was not the center of the universe. http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArtContent.aspx?refid=761571204

34. Understanding The Universe - DiscoverySchool.com nicolaus copernicus 14731543 Before the 16th century, the common beliefwas that the sun and all the other planets revolved around the Earth. http://school.discovery.com/schooladventures/universe/stargazers/copernicus.html

For our newsletter and special teacher promotions. Nicolaus Copernicus Before the 16th century, the common belief was that the sun and all the other planets revolved around the Earth. This theory had been developed by the ancient Greek astronomer Ptolemy around A.D. 150, but the Polish astronomer Copernicus found that the Ptolemaic system could not explain the observed motions of the planets. In 1543, he published a book called The Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs , which argued that the Earth was not the center of the universe but was one of the planets and, like them, revolved around the sun. This model of the solar system is known as the Copernican system. Copernicus also said that the Earth spins on its axis once per day, which accounts for why the sky appears to revolve around the Earth. retrograde Back Next: Tycho Brahe Home It's Awesome ... Feedback Discovery.com

35. Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) copernicus, nicolaus (14731543) Polish astronomer (born Mikolaj Kopernik)who in his De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium ( On the http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/C/Copernicus.html

The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight FRONT PAGE NEWS ARCHIVE NEWSLETTER ... Z this site WWW Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) Polish astronomer (born Mikolaj Kopernik) who in his De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium ("On the Revolution of the Celestial Sphere") challenged the geocentric worldview of Aristotle , accepted by the Church and by most intellectuals in Europe at that time, by arguing that the Earth and other planets orbit around the Sun. Prudently, Copernicus himself was not inclined to explore the ramifications of his new scheme. But his demotion of the Earth to a mere satellite of the Sun encouraged others, such as Giordano Bruno , to speculate that there might be many Earth-like worlds bearing life in the universe. See Copernican Revolution Kepler For more: var site="s13space1234"

36. Nicolaus Copernicus --  Encyclopædia Britannica copernicus, nicolaus Encyclopædia Britannica Article. , copernicus,nicolaus (1473–1543). The Polish astronomer nicolaus copernicus http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=108021

37. Nicolaus Copernicus --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia copernicus, nicolaus Britannica Student Encyclopedia. , copernicus,nicolaus (1473–1543). The Polish astronomer nicolaus copernicus http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article?eu=295634&query=nicolaus copernicus&ct=ebi

38. Copernicus, Nicolaus copernicus, nicolaus (14731543). Polish astronomer who believed thatthe Sun, not the Earth, is at the centre of the Solar System http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/C/Copernicus/1.h

Copernicus, Nicolaus Polish astronomer who believed that the Sun, not the Earth, is at the centre of the Solar System, thus defying the Christian church doctrine of the time. For 30 years he worked on the hypothesis that the rotation and the orbital motion of the Earth were responsible for the apparent movement of the heavenly bodies. His great work De revolutionibus orbium coelestium/On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres was not published until the year of his death. Copernicus relegated the Earth from being the centre of the universe to being merely a planet (the centre only of its own gravity and the orbit of its solitary Moon). This forced a fundamental revision of the anthropocentric view of the universe and came as an enormous psychological shock to European culture. Copernicus's model could not be proved right, because it contained several fundamental flaws, but it was the important first step to the more accurate picture built up by later astronomers. Copernicus began to make astronomical observations in 1497, although he relied mainly on data accumulated by others. In about 1513 he wrote a brief, anonymous text entitled Commentariolus, in which he outlined the material he later discussed in De revolutionibus.

39. General Term: Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) copernicus, nicolaus (14731543). Polish Astronomer.Understood by theChristian of modern astronomy. nicolaus copernicus. His education and http://www.meta-library.net/physgloss/copern-body.html

Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) Polish Astronomer.Understood by the Christian church and the scientific community as the father of modern astronomy. His education and professional life was varied both in terms of subject and geography; schooled in medicine, philosophy and mathematics at Cracow, Poland; Bologna and Rome; Heilsburg in Prussia and finally, to take up the position of residentiary canon at Frauenberg. Copernicus rejected the received Ptolemaic system of the universe, founding his own system with the sun at the centre of the solar system on the grounds that it was improbable that such a large body as the sun would revolve around such a small body as the earth. His reformulation provided some valuable explanations, such as the variation of the seasons, equinoxes and the retrograde motion of planets. Despite the defects of his system, it certainly prepared the way for Johannes Kepler Galileo and Isaac Newton Contributed by: Richard P Whaite Related Topics: Physics History Search for Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) Full Glossary Index To return to the previous topic, click on your browser's 'Back' button.

40. Cosmic Questions Term: Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) copernicus, nicolaus (14731543). nicolaus copernicus, Polish doctorand astronomer. In his last at the centre. nicolaus copernicus. http://www.meta-library.net/cqgloss/copern-body.html

Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543) Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish doctor and astronomer. In his last book he proposed a new model of the solar system with the sun at the centre. More Terms... Glossary Index To return to the previous topic, click on your browser's 'Back' button.

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