21. BENJAMIN BANNEKER 1731-1806 - Mathematicians Of The African Diaspora Features a detailed biography as well as excerpts from a letter banneker wrote to Thomas Jefferson. http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/special/banneker-benjamin.html

BENJAMIN BANNEKER (below) Thomas Fuller An African mathematician in the early 1700's Charles Reason, African American mathematician in 1850 Kelly Miller, first Black graduate student A Contemporary History of Blacks in Mathematics return to SPECIAL ARTICLES Banneker Almanac Banneker Biography letters of corrections to the biography Banneker Societie s Banneker's letter to and from Jefferson top BENJAMIN BANNEKER 1731-1806 letters of corrections to the biography Molly Walsh emigrated from England to the colony Maryland as an indentured slave in bondage for seven years. When her servitude ended, Molly purchased a farm along the Patapsco River near Baltimore. and two slaves. In time she set the slaves free and married one of them, a man named Bannaky (changed from Banna Ka). They had several children, one a daughter named Mary. Mary Bannaky grew up, purchased a slave, Robert, whom she later married and lived on the family farm. On Nov. 9, 1731, a son, Benjamin, was born to Robert and Mary Bannaky. Using the Bible, Molly Bannaky taught Mary's children to read, and soon after, Benjamin would read the bible to his mother and grandmother. For those times, life was good to this little community, but work was hard, but not challenging to Benjamin. He learned to play the flute and the violin, and when a Quaker school opened in the valley, Benjamin attended it during the winter where he learned to write and elementary arithmetic. He had an eighth-grade education by time he was 15, at which time he took over the operations for the family farm. He devised an irrigation system of ditches and little dams to control the water from the springs (known around as Bannaky Springs) on the family farm. Their tobacco farm flourished even in times of drought.

22. Economic Justice Tax Reform Banneker Center Discover who benjamin banneker was! The benjamin banneker Center 647 PlymouthRoad Baltimore, Maryland 21229 USA EMail banneker@progress.org. http://www.progress.org/banneker/

23. Inventor Of The Week: Archive benjamin banneker (17311806) benjamin banneker, one of the nation's best-known African American inventors, was http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/banneker1.html

This Week Inventor Archive Inventor Search Inventor of the Week Archive Browse for a different Invention or Inventor Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806) Young Bannaky's grandmother taught him to read and later he attended a local school where the schoolmaster changed Bannaky to Banneker. He grew up on the family farm where he worked hard and learned irrigation. The family was very successful in raising tobacco crops, even during dry spells. In 1753, Banneker was inspired to build his own clock after an acquaintance of his gave him a watch. Banneker took the watch apart to find out how it worked and made drawings of each component. Based on his drawings he carved larger versions of the components out of wood and constructed a clock that kept accurate time for more than 50 years. His work on the clock resulted in many requests for his expertise in repairing watches, clocks and sundials. Banneker continued to live and work on his family farm in Maryland. and when his parents died they left the property to him. In 1771, a family by the name of the Ellicotts moved in next door and Banneker became close friends with the Ellicott brothers, who lent him books on astronomy and math, as well as astronomical instruments. Banneker taught himself advanced math and began studying the stars. He made astronomical and tide calculations and weather predictions for yearly almanacs, which he published from 1792 to 1797. He did all the calculations himself. Banneker's almanacs were compared favorable with Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richards's Almanac. Banneker stopped publishing his almanac, however, due to poor sales.

24. Reader's Companion To American History - -BANNEKER, BENJAMIN Publication Data. Advisory Board. Contributors. Introduction. Appendix. U.S. History. Western Civilization. World Civilizations. The Reader's Companion to American History. banneker, benjamin. ( 17311806), African-American scientist. Bedini, The Life of benjamin banneker ( 1984). http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_007800_bannekerbenj.htm

Entries Publication Data Advisory Board Contributors ... World Civilizations The Reader's Companion to American History BANNEKER, BENJAMIN , African-American scientist. Banneker was the country's first important black scientist, and his accomplishments were vital to abolitionists combating late-eighteenth-century claims of innate African inferiority. The son of free African-Americans, Banneker lived his entire life on the Maryland tobacco farm he inherited from his father. His mechanical and scientific genius appeared early. Although he had received only a few winters' education at a country school, he constructed a striking clock of hand-carved wooden parts. This feat of untutored craftsmanship—he had never seen such a clock—brought him local fame. At about age fifty-seven, Banneker borrowed astronomical instruments and texts from a Quaker neighbor, George Ellicot. Working alone, he soon grasped the principles of calculus and spherical trigonometry that were necessary to construct an astronomical almanac—a virtually unheard-of feat of self-education. This accomplishment led to plans by abolition societies in Pennsylvania and Maryland to publish Banneker's almanac as a testimony to the intellectual capabilities of Africans. In 1791, the surveyor appointed to lay out the boundaries of the District of Columbia employed Banneker as his assistant. This appointment was, in itself, used to advantage in the campaign to undermine the arguments about blacks' mental inferiority. In a reference to ruminations about African inferiority in Thomas Jefferson's

25. BENJAMINBANNEKER benjamin banneker. .. BIOGRAPHY .. banneker, benjamin (17311806) African-American Astronomer, Almanac writer http://www.multied.com/Bio/RevoltBIOS/BannekerBenjamin.html

BENJAMIN BANNEKER .............. BIOGRAPHY ..............

26. Benjamin Banneker - Farmers Almanac Includes a short biography and tells about benjamin banneker writing the first Farmers' Almanac. http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blbanneker.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Inventors Black Inventors ... Industrial Revolution zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Famous Inventions Famous Inventors Black Inventors Women Inventors ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Inventors newsletter. Search Inventors Benjamin Banneker A portrait of Benjamin Banneker on the cover of his Farmers Almanac - circa 1795 More of This Feature on Benjamin Banneker Thomas Jefferson's Letter to Benjamin Banneker Benjamin Banneker sent a copy of his first farmers almanac to Thomas Jefferson. This was the response. Benjamin Banneker - Pictures Benjamin Banneker on his first Farmers Almanac Cover. Benjamin Banneker : American Pioneer Benjamin Banneker - find out how this self-taught man became a notable figure in American history. Benjamin Banneker Benjamin Banneker was the first recognized African American inventor. Benjamin Banneker Benjamin Banneker's father Robert had been a slave who had been given his freedom and was a farmer; his mother was Mary Banneky. Related Innovations Black Inventors Benjamin Banneker was a self-educated scientist, astronomer, inventor, writer, and antislavery publicist. Banneker built a striking clock entirely from wood, published a Farmers' Almanac, and actively campaigned against slavery.

27. Benjamin Banneker Brief studentfriendly article. http://www.benjamin-banneker.com/

TECHNOLOGY KEYNOTE SPEAKER Are you ready to take your conference to the next level? Do you need a great speaker to inform, inspire and show your audience the future? We can provide a motivational speaker on information technology , offshore outsourcing black history , or a custom presentation. Visit emeagwali.com and book Emeagwali Or call 7 (US/Canada) and 443-850-0850 (Outside US). Refer this speaker Get $500! Can I patent an idea How to patent a product Where to get patent application Information on patent submission Where do I obtain patents Where do I obtain Links to help artists, authors and musicians Info on obtaining protections Benjamin Banneker Title: Benjamin Banneker Byline: Raymond W. Smock Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806), was probably the best-known black person in early United States history. He was an astronomer, farmer, mathematician, and surveyor. In 1791, Banneker was an assistant to Major Andrew Ellicott, the surveyor appointed by President George Washington to lay out the boundaries of the District of Columbia. Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson had recommended Banneker for this work.

28. Banneker Home Top/Regional/North_America/United_States/Delaware/Localities/M/Milford/Education/K12_Schools http://www.k12.de.us/banneker/

About Us Administration Principal Assistant Principal Office Staff Classroom Teachers and Programs Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 ... Expressive Arts and Student Services Expressive Arts Affective Education Art Media Center Music ... Technology Education Student Services Counseling ESL Nursing Services ... P.T.O Updates School Calendar Lunch Menu Special Events What's New Our District Welcome to the Benjamin Banneker Elementary "the home of tomorrow's leaders". The staff, students and parents extend our greetings to you. Benjamin Banneker Elementary School - today, yesterday and tomorrow Click on the thumbnail above to view our architect's rendering of the new Banneker School Construction has begun! Our school's mission is to...... We hope your visit with us will be enjoyable. If you need directions to our school click here In addition to our regular classrooms and programs which you can visit by clicking on the left frame, we also have several school-wide programs which make our school a special place for our students who will be tomorrow's leaders. Click on a program below to view a description.

29. ThinkQuest : Library : Stamp On Black History Detailed biography written by students for students. http://library.thinkquest.org/10320/Banneker.htm?tqskip=1

30. ThinkQuest : Library : The History Of African-Americans: State By State Tells the story of the man who carved America's first functional clock. http://library.thinkquest.org/3337/banneker.html?tqskip=1

31. Benjamin Bannker Academic High School Alternative school for about 400 students grades 912 that offers a highly structured program directed toward college admission. IB curriculum, application, summer institute, and school profile. http://www.benjaminbanneker.org

"A Blue Ribbon Enterprise School" and "An IB World School" message from our principal Patricia Tucker It is appropriate that students who choose a rigorous course of study to prepare for post-secondary work will have the opportunity to enroll in a school that is distinguished by the name of Benjamin Banneker, noted mathematician and astronomer. "The most sensible one is he who believes himself the furthest from the goal and who, whatever advances he has made in his road, studies as if he yet knew nothing and marches as if he were only beginning to make his first advance." - Benjamin Banneker Celebrate Success, Dec. 2003 - April, 2004 Applications available online for SY 2004 - 2005! Teaching positions available at Banneker More Banneker News... ... More Banneker In The News... Search WWW Search benjaminbanneker.org

32. Page Moved Formerly Wilder K8 Community School. http://www.mpls.k12.mn.us/schools/elementary/banneker/

This page has moved Please use the search option below to find the new location. In anticipation of changed bookmarks and browsing locations, MPS has implemented a Google search engine. Please enter the main keywords of the items that you would like to find to get the closest page matches to the item(s) that you are trying to access. We apologize for this inconvenience. Enter your keywords:

33. Kulture Kidz Short biography and sketch. http://www.aakulturezone.com/kidz/abc/benjamin.html

Family Life Faith Matters Community Center The Zone B enjamin Banneker Benjamin Banneker was born in Maryland on November 9, 1731. He is often known as the "First African American Scientist." He built a working wooden clock that kept accurate time and struck the hours for over 50 years. Banneker studied astronomy and he published an almanac. "Benjamin Banneker's Almanac" was a top seller from Pennsylvania to Virginia and even into Kentucky from 1792 to 1797. In 1791, Banneker helped survey the land which is now known as Washington, D.C. Home Black History Back in Time Photo Gallery ... Let's Read var site="sm2kulture"

34. ThinkQuest : Library : Stamp On Black History Stamp on Black History Home Page Menu. http://library.thinkquest.org/10320/Banneker.htm

Index United States Civil Rights Stamp on Black History This excellent site lists all of the black Americans on stamps, both alphabetically and by subject areas, and includes a biography of each person. It also gives a history of the postage stamp, offers advice on stamp collecting, and includes a fantastic games and activities area for classrooms. A tour of black history, from 300 to the present, is also included. Visit Site 1997 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Languages English Students George Alice Deal Junior High School, Washington, DC, United States Charles L. Riverdale Baptist School, Upper Marlboro, MD, United States Tony DeMatha Catholic High School, Hyattsville, MD, United States Coaches Donna Alice Deal Junior High School, Washington, DC, United States Roland Riverdale Baptist School, Upper Marlboro, MD, United States Tom DeMatha Catholic High School, Hyattsville, MD, United States Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site.

35. Inventor Of The Week: Archive Browse for a different Invention or Inventor. benjamin banneker (17311806). Withoutbenjamin banneker, our nation s capital would not exist as we know it. http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/Banneker.html

This Week Inventor Archive Inventor Search Inventor of the Week Archive Browse for a different Invention or Inventor Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806) Without Benjamin Banneker, our nation's capital would not exist as we know it. After a year of work, the Frenchman hired by George Washington to design the capital, L'Enfant, stormed off the job, taking all the plans. Banneker, placed on the planning committee at Thomas Jefferson's request, saved the project by reproducing from memory, in two days, a complete layout of the streets, parks, and major buildings. Thus Washington, D.C. itself can be considered a monument to the genius of this great man. Banneker's English grandmother immigrated to the Baltimore area and married one of her slaves, named Bannaky. Later, their daughter did likewise, and gave birth to Benjamin in 1731. Since by law, free/slave status depended on the mother, Banneker, like his mother, was-technically-free. Banneker attended an elementary school run by Quakers (one of the few "color-blind" communities of that time); in fact, he later adopted many Quaker habits and ideas. As a young man, he was given a pocket-watch by a business associate: this inspired Banneker to create his own clock, made entirely of wood (1753). Famous as the first clock built in the New World, it kept perfect time for forty years. During the Revolutionary War, wheat grown on a farm designed by Banneker helped save the fledgling U.S. troops from starving. After the War, Banneker took up astronomy: in 1789, he successfully predicted an eclipse. From 1792 to 1802, Banneker published an annual Farmer's Almanac, for which he did all the calculations himself.

36. Benjamin Banneker: An American Pioneer A detailed look at the selftaught man and the contributions he made to astronomy, science, and math. From About.com. http://afroamhistory.about.com/library/weekly/aa012201a.htm?once=true&

37. Great American History Fact-Finder - -Banneker, Benjamin The Great American History FactFinder. banneker, benjamin. (1731-1806),mathematician and scientist. banneker, a free black man, gained http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/gahff/html/ff_014100_bannekerbenj.ht

Entries Publication Data Dedication Advisory Board ... World Civilizations The Great American History Fact-Finder Banneker, Benjamin , mathematician and scientist. Banneker, a free black man, gained early fame when he designed and constructed a striking clock of hand-carved wooden parts despite never having seen one. He was a successful farmer with only a few years of formal education who taught himself calculus and spherical trigonometry in order to construct a popular astronomical almanac (published annually from 1791 to 1797). Abolitionists cited his achievements as evidence of the intellectual equality of blacks, and Banneker himself argued the issue in letters to Thomas Jefferson. Site Map I Partners I Press Releases I Company Home I Contact Us Terms and Conditions of Use Privacy Statement , and Trademark Information

38. Banneker, Benjamin banneker, benjamin. (b. Nov. 9, 1731, Ellicott s Mills, Md.d. Oct.25, 1806, Baltimore, Md., US), mathematician, astronomer, compiler http://search.eb.com/blackhistory/micro/50/57.html

Banneker, Benjamin (b. Nov. 9, 1731, Ellicott's Mills, Md.d. Oct. 25, 1806, Baltimore, Md., U.S.), mathematician, astronomer, compiler of almanacs, inventor, and writer, one of the first important black American intellectuals. A free black who owned a farm near Baltimore, Banneker was largely self-educated in astronomy by watching the stars and in mathematics by reading borrowed textbooks. In 1761 he attracted attention by building a wooden clock that kept precise time. Encouraged in his studies by a Maryland industrialist, Joseph Ellicott, he began astronomical calculations about 1773, accurately predicted a solar eclipse in 1789, and published annually from 1791 to 1802 the Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia Almanac and Ephemeris. Appointed to the District of Columbia Commission by President George Washington in 1790, he worked with Andrew Ellicott and others in surveying Washington, D.C. As an essayist and pamphleteer, Banneker opposed slavery and war. He sent a copy of his first almanac to Thomas Jefferson, then U.S. secretary of state, along with a letter asking Jefferson's aid in bringing about better conditions for American blacks. Banneker's almanacs were acclaimed by European scientists to whom Jefferson made them known.

39. Banneker, Benjamin (1731-1806) banneker, benjamin. Born November disappeared); benjamin banneker to the secretaryof state; Bibliography (Library of Congress entries); References http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~pbrosche/persons/pers_banneker.html

History of Astronomy Persons Persons (B) Banneker, Benjamin Born: November 9, 1731, Ellicott's Mills, Maryland, USA Died: October 25, 1806, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Astronomer, mathematician Note: Some Internet sources say he died October 9 or 26, 1806. This have to be checked. External documents Biographies, bibliographies and references Short biography and reference Short biography and references Short biography (Encycl. Brit.) Short biography Short biography (See also here Britannica Online entry Short biography (3 Dec 1997: disappeared) Benjamin Banneker to the secretary of state Bibliography (Library of Congress entries) References (Library of Congress entries) References (ADS entries) Search also in: Biographical Index to Sky and Telescope by Kevin Krisciunas (Or see here World Biographical Index Places Benjamin Banneker's Grave , Oella, MD, USA Namings Benjamin Banneker Academic High School, Washington D.C., USA The Benjamin Banneker Center, Columbia, Maryland, USA Benjamin Banneker Academy for Community Development, Brooklyn, N.Y., USA Further links Find more about Banneker with Alta Vista Wolfgang R. Dick

40. Benjamin Banneker To The Secretary Of State banneker, benjamin, 17311806. Creation of machine-readable version Readex. banneker,benjamin, 1731-1806. Printed and sold by Daniel Lawrence, no. 33. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/readex/24073.html

About the electronic version Copy of a letter from Benjamin Banneker to the secretary of state, with his answer. Banneker, Benjamin, 1731-1806. Creation of machine-readable version: Readex. Available commercially from: Readex Documentary Sources Database. American Multiculturalism Series. Unit One. Documenting the African American Experience. About the print version Copy of a letter from Benjamin Banneker to the secretary of state, with his answer. Banneker, Benjamin, 1731-1806. Printed and sold by Daniel Lawrence, no. 33. North Fourth-Street, near Race. Philadelphia M.DCC.XCII. [1792] Early American Imprints, 1st series, no. 24073 (filmed) [Note: Addressed to Thomas Jefferson, transmitting a copy of the writer's almanac and discussing the subject of slavery. Jefferson's reply, p. 11-12, is dated Aug. 30, 1791. An account of Banneker's life appears on p. 13-15.] [Note: Signatures: [A]_2 B-D_2 (D2 verso blank).] [Note: Evans' entry for an edition printed by Joseph Crukshank for Daniel Lawrence (Evans 24074) is apparently a ghost of the present edition. ] Prepared by TextBase in consultation with David Seaman, University of Virginia Library Electronic Text Center

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