1. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Roger Bacon Roger Bacon. Philosopher Dict. de Theol. , sv Bacon, Roger; Brewer, pp. 1 sq.; Charles, 370 sq., and particularly Bridges, I, xliii sq.). http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13111b.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... S > Roger Bacon A B C D ... Z Roger Bacon Philosopher, surnamed D OCTOR M IRABILIS We need not wonder then that Roger's immediate superiors put the prohibition into execution, especially as Bacon was not always very correct in doctrine; and although on the one hand it is wrong to consider him as a necromancer and astrologer, an enemy of scholastic philosophy, an author full of heresies and suspected views, still we cannot deny that some of his expressions are imprudent and inaccurate. The judgments he passes on other scholars of his day are sometimes too hard, so it is not surprising that his friends were few. The above-mentioned prohibition was rescinded in Roger's favour unexpectedly in 1266. Some years before, while still at Oxford, he had made the acquaintance of Cardinal Guy le Gros de Foulques, whom Urban IV had sent to England to settle the disputes between Henry III and the barons; others believe that the cardinal met Roger at Paris, in 1257 or 1258 (see "Archiv. Francisc. Histor.", IV, 442). After a conference about some current abuses, especially about ecclesiastical studies, the cardinal asked Roger to present his idea in writing. Roger delayed in doing this; when the Cardinal became Clement IV and reiterated his desire, Bacon excused himself because the prohibition of his superiors stood in the way. Then the pope in a letter from Viterbo (22 June, 1266) commanded him to send his work immediately, notwithstanding the prohibition of superiors or any general constitution whatsoever, but to keep the commission a secret (see letter published by Martene-Durand, "Thesaurus novus anecdotorum", II, Paris, 1717, 358, Clement IV, epp. n. 317 a; Wadding, "Annales", ad an. 1266, n. 14, II, 294; IV, 265; Sbaralea, "Bullarium Franciscanum", III, 89 n. 8f, 22 June, 1266).

2. Roger Bacon Roger Bacon. Bacon, Roger, bc 1220,, Ilchester, Somerset, or Bisley, Gloucester?, Eng. d. 1292, Oxford? byname DOCTOR MIRABILIS (LATIN http://www.crystalinks.com/bacon.html

Roger Bacon Bacon, Roger, b. c. 1220,, Ilchester, Somerset, or Bisley, Gloucester?, Eng. d. 1292, Oxford? byname DOCTOR MIRABILIS (LATIN: "WONDERFUL TEACHER"), English Franciscan philosopher and educational reformer who was a major medieval proponent of experimental science. Bacon studied mathematics, astronomy, optics, alchemy, and languages. He was the first European to describe in detail the process of making gunpowder, and he proposed flying machines and motorized ships and carriages. Bacon (as he himself complacently remarked) displayed a prodigious energy and zeal in the pursuit of experimental science; indeed, his studies were talked about everywhere and eventually won him a place in popular literature as a kind of wonder worker. Bacon therefore represents a historically precocious expression of the empirical spirit of experimental science, even though his actual practice of it seems to have been exaggerated. Early life  Bacon was born into a wealthy family; he was well-versed in the classics and enjoyed the advantages of an early training in geometry, arithmetic, music, and astronomy. Inasmuch as he later lectured at Paris, it is probable that his master of arts degree was conferred there, presumably not before 1241a date in keeping with his claim that he saw the Franciscan professor Alexander of Hales (who died in 1245) with his own eyes and that he heard the master scholar William of Auvergne (d. 1249) dispute twice in the presence of the whole university.

3. Bacon Roger Bacon. Born 1214 in Ilchester, Somerset, England Died June 1292 in Oxford, England. Roger Bacon s parents were welloff landowners. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Bacon.html

Roger Bacon Born: 1214 in Ilchester, Somerset, England Died: June 1292 in Oxford, England Click the picture above to see seven larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Roger Bacon 's parents were well-off landowners. His father, however, must have had a high regard for education since two of his sons became academics and he was prepared to support them financially. Before giving the few details of his early years that are known, we should say a little about the date of birth we have given for Roger. All that is known is that in 1267 Bacon wrote the following:- I have laboured diligently in sciences and languages, and forty years have passed since I first learned the alphabet. I have always been studious and for all but two of these forty years I have been in study. The date of 1214 is arrived at by assuming that the passage means that forty years have passed since he began his university studies. These began at the age of thirteen, so 53 from 1267 gives the date of 1214 as the year of his birth. There is, however, another interpretation. This is to accept as a literal fact that he first learned the alphabet in 1227. If so then perhaps he was born around 1222 but would Bacon claim to have been in study since the age of five? This would seem unlikely for the son of landowners of this period. Roger was not the oldest of his parent's sons so he would not have been expected to inherit the family estates and wealth. It is likely that his parents would have expected him to have become a priest which was the usual route for a son, other than the first, of a family in their position. Although there is no record of Roger's education before he entered Oxford University it is likely that he would have been taught Latin and arithmetic by the local priest to prepare him for university studies (where all teaching was carried out in Latin). At the age of thirteen he entered Oxford University, his father putting up the money for his board, subsistence, and tuition.

4. Bacon Roger From FOLDOC bacon roger. history of suppressed. Recommended Reading Roger Bacon s Philosophy of Nature, tr. by David C. Lindberg (St. Augustine http://www.swif.uniba.it/lei/foldop/foldoc.cgi?Bacon Roger

5. Biographies Info Science : Bacon Roger http://www.infoscience.fr/histoire/biograph/biograph.php3?Ref=7

6. WIEM: Bacon Roger bacon roger (ok. 1214ok. 1292), filozof i uczony angielski. Filozofia, Wielka Brytania bacon roger (ok. 1214-1292). bacon roger (ok. 1214-ok. http://wiem.onet.pl/wiem/0080cc.html

WIEM 2004 - zobacz now± edycjê encyklopedii! Kup abonament i encyklopediê na CD-ROM, sprawd¼ ofertê cenow±! Oferta specjalna abonamentów dla szkó³ i instytucji! Uwaga! Przedstawione poni¿ej has³o pochodzi z archiwalnej edycji WIEM 2001! Prace redakcyjne nad edycj± 2001 zosta³y zakoñczone. Zapraszamy do korzystania z nowej, codziennie aktualizowanej i wzbogacanej w nowe tre¶ci edycji WIEM 2004 Filozofia, Wielka Brytania Bacon Roger (ok. 1214-1292) Bacon Roger (ok. 1214-ok. 1292), filozof i uczony angielski. Najwybitniejszy z empirystów tzw. szko³y oksfordzkiej. Wyk³ada³ pocz±tkowo w Pary¿u, ok. po³owy XIII w. wst±pi³ do zakonu franciszkanów w Oksfordzie, od 1257 po¶wiêci³ siê wy³±cznie badaniom naukowym. Pozostawa³ pod wp³ywem augustynizmu oraz filozofii Arystotelesa i ¶redniowiecznych my¶licieli arabskich. Uwa¿a³, ¿e do prawdy mo¿na doj¶æ tylko na drodze do¶wiadczenia, przez które rozumia³ zarówno do¶wiadczenie zewnêtrzne, osi±gane przez zmys³y, jak i wewnêtrzne o¶wiecenie mistyczne o charakterze nadprzyrodzonym. W swoich badaniach pos³ugiwa³ siê eksperymentem - postulowa³ ujmowanie zdobytej wiedzy na sposób matematyczny. Zajmowa³ siê te¿

7. Terra - Bacon, Roger (1214-1292) Bacon, Roger (1214-1292). Sitios, bacon roger Biogrfía del filósofo inglés. http://buscador.terra.com.ar/ciencias/filosofia/filosofos/bacon_roger_1214_1292_

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8. ATRIUM: Philosophie: Bacon Roger: Eléments De Philosophie Translate this page bacon roger Eléments de philosophie. Roger Bacon se situe dans la tradition des études physiques et mathématiques sur la nature http://www.yrub.com/philo/baconrphil.htm

Sites Atrium Section Philosophie Grands Philosophes Bacon Roger Bacon Roger : Eléments de philosophie R oger Bacon se situe dans la tradition des études physiques et mathématiques sur la nature dont Robert Grosseteste (vers 1168-1253) fut l’initiateur à l’Université d’Oxford. La théorie de la lumière y joue un rôle fondamental. La lumière est une substance primordiale dont la propagation explique la formation de l’univers. C’est pour cette raison que les effets naturels peuvent être connus à partir des lois géométriques auxquelles obéit la lumière. Bacon veut assurer la conversion de la terre entière au catholicisme, sous l’égide du pape Clément IV , grâce à une réforme de l’Eglise et de la société. Il utilise pour ce faire, un savoir assuré méthodiquement et fondé sur l’expérience. Dans son Opus maius (l’ OEuvre majeure ), il dénonce donc en premier lieu les quatre principales sources de l’erreur:

9. ATRIUM: Philosophie: Bacon Roger (vers 1214-1292) Translate this page bacon roger (vers 1214-1292). Présentation Présentation. bacon roger (vers 1214-1292). Eléments biographiques, A venir Sa philosophie, http://www.yrub.com/philo/baconr.htm

Sites Atrium Section Philosophie Grands Philosophes Bacon Roger (vers 1214-1292) Présentation... Présentation L' Bacon Roger (vers 1214-1292) Eléments biographiques A venir... Sa philosophie Eléments de philosophie Sites Atrium Section Philosophie Grands Philosophes Liens internet Votre site ici !!! Ecrivez-nous pour ajouter votre site à nos pages... Rub Yannick

10. MSN Encarta - Résultats De La Recherche - Bacon Roger bacon roger . Page 1 sur 2 Suivant. *, Réservé htm. Plus de résultats avec MSN pour bacon roger . http://fr.encarta.msn.com/Bacon_Roger.html

Accueil MSN Mon MSN Hotmail Rechercher ... S'abonner   Encarta Premium Rechercher Encarta R©sultats de la recherche pour "Bacon Roger" Page sur 2 Suivant R©serv© aux abonn©s MSN Encarta Premium. Bacon, Roger Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Bacon, Roger (v. 1214-1294), philosophe, th©ologien et savant anglais, l’un des penseurs les plus influents du XIII e  si¨cle, surnomm© le « Docteur... Roger Bacon Encyclop©die EncartaImage m©decine Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article m©decine alchimie Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article alchimie lunettes Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article lunettes occultisme Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article occultisme philosophie Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article philosophie franciscains Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article franciscains aviation Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article aviation poudre noire Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article poudre noire sensation (philosophie) Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article sensation (philosophie) scolastique Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article scolastique Albert le Grand, saint

11. Kalenderlexikon - Inhalte Des Lexkons Anzeigen Translate this page zur Startseite des Kalenderlexikons, bacon roger * 1215 (Ilchester/Somerset) - † 11.6.1294 (Oxford) http://www.kalenderlexikon.de/anzeigen.php?Eintrag=Bacon Roger

12. PersonAme - Bacon Roger Translate this page Aquila. Aristobule. Aristote. Auguste. bacon roger. Bailly. Bertrand Alexandre. Blaise de Parme. Bleuler. Suétone. Tacite. Tertullien. Vestales. Quoi. bacon roger, T, extes http://www.personame.com/bulletin/mot43.html

Sommaire Index Où Qui Albert de Saxe Alexandre VII ... Auguste Bacon Roger Bailly Bertrand Alexandre Blaise de Parme Bleuler ... Quoi Bacon Roger T extes : Albert de saxe, vie et doctrine 2/7 La théorie de la pesanteur d'Albert de Saxe - Le lieu naturel d'Aristote - Les scolastiques pressentaient la notion de masse - Le centre de gravité - 2003 Personame.com - Contacts Conception : www.internetologis.net

13. Roger Bacon Roger Bacon 1214 1292. Roger Bacon obscurity. Much of the legendary material about Roger Bacon was attributed to him after his death. The http://www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/occult/roger_bacon.html

Home Site Map Aleister Crowley John Dee Dr Simon Forman Roger Bacon Mother Shipton Golden Dawn Roger Bacon 1214 - 1292 Roger Bacon was a friar living in 13th century England, who, hundreds of years after his death became popularly known as a powerful sorcerer. He is most widely known among scholars as being one of the first people to use experimental methods in alchemy - the root of modern chemistry - and is also known for his application of geometry to the science of lenses, and early experiments in gunpowder. From his writing, and the events in his life, it is possible to see two sides to the man: a remarkably driven experimental scientist compared with his contempories, but also a man heavily influenced by the spiritual side of life reflected in his early leanings towards philosophy and his attachment to the Franciscan order. He was also remarkably outspoken for his day and was often on thin ice with his superiors. Roger Bacon was born in Ilchester in Somerset in the year 1214, it seems likely that he showed scholastic talent at an early age, his natural leaning in his younger years towards philosophy - especialy Greek philosophy of Aristotle. He also studied geometry, astronomy and mathematics. Roger moved to Paris around 1234, gaining a degree from the University of Paris around 1241, after which he started lecturing on the ideas and theories of Aristotle. Roger returned to Oxford from Paris around 1247, from where his interest in the sciences developed further. He experimented with lenses as an aid to correcting human vision - one of his more famous associations - following in the footsteps of Robert Grosseteste (the bishop of Lincoln). His experiments relied on modern experimental observation and recording, and became exaggerated into supernatural feats later in the 16th century, when many popular books were published about his powers.

14. Textes De Philosophie Téléchargeables bacon roger. Novum Organum, en latin, Word Zip. http://www2.ac-lyon.fr/enseigne/philosophie/textes0/bacon_r.html

BACON Roger Novum Organum, en latin, Word Zip

15. Thist5f bacon roger. Site philosophique de l Académie de Lyon. http://www2.ac-lyon.fr/enseigne/philosophie/icon/thist5i.htm

16. ROGER BACON'S PLACE IN THE HISTORY OF ALCHEMY AMBIX Vol. 23, Part I, March 1976. roger bacon'S PLACE IN THE HISTORY OF ALCHEMY. by Edmund Brehm. ALCHEMY, throughout its history, has shown a dual nature. ideas of the thirteenthcentury natural philosopher, roger bacon, and suggest the position he occupies in the http://www.levity.com/alchemy/rbacon.html

AMBIX Vol. 23, Part I, March 1976 ROGER BACON'S PLACE IN THE HISTORY OF ALCHEMY by Edmund Brehm A LCHEMY , throughout its history, has shown a dual nature. On the one hand, it has involved the use of chemical substances and so is claimed by the history of science as the precursor of modern chemistry. Yet at the same time, alchemy has, throughout its history, also been associated with the esoteric, spiritual beliefs of Hermeticism and thus is a proper subject for the historian of religious thought. The chemical approach is easily understood. As the distinguished historian of alchemy, the late F. Sherwood Taylor, concluded: "The hopeless pursuit of the practical transmutation of metals was responsible for almost the whole of the development of chemical technique before the seventeenth century, and further led to the discovery of many important materials. This is the commonly recognized contribution of alchemy." Mircea Eliade and others, on the other hand, have emphasized the soteriological function of alchemy as working toward the perfection and liberation of the human soul or spirit, a process symbolized in the perfection of metals into gold and of the human body to a state of optimum health and even immortality. Such an approach is complemented by the psychological studies of C. G. Jung, which correlate alchemical symbolism with the development of the psycho-religious life of the individual. Eliade has conclusively demonstrated the religious nature of alchemy in Eastern cultures, and Jung has discussed the psychological basis of Western alchemy during its later period (the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries). But European alchemy during the Middle Ages, especially from a religious point of view, has received little attention.

17. Bacon Concise biographical article, with links to articles on related thinkers. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Bacon.html

Roger Bacon Born: 1214 in Ilchester, Somerset, England Died: June 1292 in Oxford, England Click the picture above to see seven larger pictures Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Roger Bacon 's parents were well-off landowners. His father, however, must have had a high regard for education since two of his sons became academics and he was prepared to support them financially. Before giving the few details of his early years that are known, we should say a little about the date of birth we have given for Roger. All that is known is that in 1267 Bacon wrote the following:- I have laboured diligently in sciences and languages, and forty years have passed since I first learned the alphabet. I have always been studious and for all but two of these forty years I have been in study. The date of 1214 is arrived at by assuming that the passage means that forty years have passed since he began his university studies. These began at the age of thirteen, so 53 from 1267 gives the date of 1214 as the year of his birth. There is, however, another interpretation. This is to accept as a literal fact that he first learned the alphabet in 1227. If so then perhaps he was born around 1222 but would Bacon claim to have been in study since the age of five? This would seem unlikely for the son of landowners of this period. Roger was not the oldest of his parent's sons so he would not have been expected to inherit the family estates and wealth. It is likely that his parents would have expected him to have become a priest which was the usual route for a son, other than the first, of a family in their position. Although there is no record of Roger's education before he entered Oxford University it is likely that he would have been taught Latin and arithmetic by the local priest to prepare him for university studies (where all teaching was carried out in Latin). At the age of thirteen he entered Oxford University, his father putting up the money for his board, subsistence, and tuition.

18. Medieval Sourcebook: Roger Bacon: On Experimental Science 1268 Medieval Sourcebook roger bacon On Experimental Science, 1268 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/bacon2.html

Back to Medieval Source Book ORB Main Page Links to Other Medieval Sites Medieval Sourcebook: Roger Bacon: On Experimental Science, 1268 Having laid down the main points of the wisdom of the Latins as regards language, mathematics and optics, I wish now to review the principles of wisdom from the point of view of experimental science, because without experiment it is impossible to know anything thoroughly. There are two ways of acquiring knowledge, one through reason, the other by experiment. Argument reaches a conclusion and compels us to admit it, but it neither makes us certain nor so annihilates doubt that the mind rests calm in the intuition of truth, unless it finds this certitude by way of experience. Thus many have arguments toward attainable facts, but because they have not experienced them, they overlook them and neither avoid a harmful nor follow a beneficial course. Even if a man that has never seen fire, proves by good reasoning that fire burns, and devours and destroys things, nevertheless the mind of one hearing his arguments would never be convinced, nor would he avoid fire until he puts his hand or some combustible thing into it in order to prove by experiment what the argument taught. But after the fact of combustion is experienced, the mind is satisfied and lies calm in the certainty of truth. Hence argument is not enough, but experience is. Source: From: Oliver J. Thatcher, ed.

19. Roger Bacon At Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base roger bacon at Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base. Resources include online texts, commentaries, biographies, new and used books by and about roger bacon and more. roger bacon and the Origins of Perspectiva in the Middle Ages A Critical Edition and English Translation of novitiates had not known Brother roger bacon in his days of fiery http://www.erraticimpact.com/~medieval/html/roger_bacon.htm

Medieval Index New Book Search Early Medieval High Medieval ... Anselm Roger Bacon Boethius Bonaventure Catherine of Siena Clement of Alexandria ... an Introduction by David C. Lindberg, Roger Bacon Roger Bacon ca. 1214 - ca. 1292 Texts: Roger Bacon Used Books: Roger Bacon Know of a Resource? Rodger Bacon: History of Alchemy Edmund Brehm article explores the relationship of 13th century natural philosopher Bacon to alchemy and the Hermetic sciences. Excerpt: ALCHEMY, throughout its history, has shown a dual nature. On the one hand, it has involved the use of chemical substances and so is claimed by the history of science as the precursor of modern chemistry. Yet at the same time, alchemy has, throughout its history, also been associated with the esoteric, spiritual beliefs of Hermeticism and thus is a proper subject for the historian of religious thought... Tract on the Tincture and Oil of Antimony Roger Bacon wrote this tract in 1731 on the preparation of Stibium, which supposedly heals human illness and weakness. On Experimental Science From the Medieval Sourcebook Excerpt: Having laid down the main points of the wisdom of the Latins as regards language, mathematics and optics, I wish now to review the principles of wisdom from the point of view of experimental science, because without experiment it is impossible to know anything thoroughly.

20. Roger Bacon Dates, extant works, recent bibliography. http://home.sandiego.edu/~macy/Roger Bacon.html

Author : Roger Bacon, O.F.M. Dating : Roger studied liberal arts at Paris, receiving his degree in arts from either Paris or Oxford before 1239. As regent master in Paris, he was one of the first to lecture on the forbidden books of Aristotle at Paris where he lectured until 1247. Roger became a Franciscan sometime between 1257 and 1266. He taught the arts at the Franciscan studium at Paris. In 1266-8, he wrote the Opus maius Opus minus and Opus tertium by order of Pope Clement IV. Some of Bacon's opinions were condemned by the master general, Jerome of Ascoli between 1277 and 1279. Bacon wrote the Compendium studii theologiae in 1292, the last available date for his life. Works : Roger Bacon was not a theologian, but is included in this list for criticism of contemporary methods of teaching theology in his Compendium studii theologiae edited by Hasting Rashdall, Aberdeen, 1911; reprinted 1966. For a guide to Bacon's considerable corpus, see M. G. Hackett, "Bacon, Roger," DMA Bibliography Klaus Kienzler, "Roger Bacon," BBK J. O. North, "Roger Bacon,"

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