61. The Science Bookstore - Chronology 1038 AD, alhazen, THe idea of the camera obscura described first by the ArabianScholar Hassan ibn Hassan (or Ibn AlHaitham, generally known by his LAtinized http://www.thesciencebookstore.com/chron.asp?searchstring=Alhazen

62. The Hutchinson Dictionary Of Scientific Biography : Alhazen (c.965-1038) @ HighB The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography alhazen (c.9651038)@ HighBeam Research. Read The alhazen (c.965-1038). The Hutchinson http://static.highbeam.com/t/thehutchinsondictionaryofscientificbiography/januar

eLibrary Web Tour Become a Member ... Customer Support Question / Keyword(s): Advanced Search Current Article: Alhazen (c.965-1038) Start T The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography January 01, 1998 ... Alhazen (c.965-1038) Alhazen (c.965-1038) The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography; January 01, 1998; The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography January 01, 1998 alhazen, abu ali, arabic name, johann kepler, years, al-hassan ibn, remained unsurpassed, work remained, ali al-hassan, greatest scientist, optics, ibn al-haytham, middle ages, arabian scientist, basra The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography Alhazen (c.965-1038) was an Arabian scientist who made significant advances in the theory and practice of optics. He was probably the greatest scientist of the Middle Ages and his work remained unsurpassed for nearly 600 years until the time of Johann Kepler. His Arabic name was Abu Ali al-Hassan ibn al-Haytham. Alhazen was born in Basra (Al Basra, now in Iraq) in about 965. He made many contributions to optics, one of which was to contest the Greek view of Hero and Ptolemy (who flourished in the second century AD) that vision involves rays that emerge from the eye and are reflected by objects viewed. Alhazen postulated that light rays originate in a flame or in the Sun, strike objects,...

63. Alhazen | 965-1039 | Ibn Al-Haytham, Arab Mathematician And Physicist alhazen 9651039 Ibn al-Haytham, Arab mathematician and physicist.Problema alhazeni (1685-1695); Slusius de Probl alhazeni (1685-1695). http://www.nahste.ac.uk/pers/a/GB_0237_NAHSTE_P2171/

the project the collections biographies multimedia the project the collections biographies multimedia ... Slusius de Probl: Alhazeni

64. Leben Und Verdienst Ibn Al-Haithams Translate this page Verständnis im Mittelalter. Ibn al-Haitham, im Mittelalter auch alhazengenannt, teilte sein optisches Meisterwerk in sieben Bücher http://www.optiker.at/archiv/museum/alhazen/alhazen.htm

Leben und Verdienst Ibn al-Haithams in Zusammenhang mit der Entwicklungsgeschichte des Lesesteins und der Brille Erfindung der Brille Archimedes , Apollonius, Ptolemaeus, Euklid, Porphyrius und Diophantus. Lesestein Lesestein Frescos von Tommaso di Modena aus dem Jahre 1439. Optiker Online webmaster@optiker.at Literatur: [1.] Die Sehhilfe im Wandel der Jahrhunderte, Emil Heinz Schmitz, 1961 [3.] Naturwissenschaft und Technik: Schall, Bild, Optik, Zweiburgen, 1991 [4.] Die Brille, Frank Rossi, 1989 Die Visby-Linsen , Olaf Schmidt, Karl-Heinz Wilms und Bernd Lingelbach, DOZ 11/98 [7.] Die Optik und die optischen Instrumente, Karl Gentil, 1927 [8.] Geschichte der Optik, Edmund Hoppe, 1926 [9.] Handbuch zur Geschichte der Optik, E.-H. Schmitz, Die Brille, J.P. Wayenborgh, 1995

65. Allmath.com - Math Site For Kids! Home Of Flashcards, Math Click Here alhazen. alhazen , Arabic Abu alHassan ibn al Haytham(c.9651039). Mathematician and physicist, born in Basra, Iraq. http://www.allmath.com/biosearch.php?QMeth=ID&ID=698

66. Fravahr.org alhazen father of optical physiology. Ibn Haythan known in the on vision.Optics in the western world before alhazen. From the Vth http://www.fravahr.org/Science/hazen/Alhazen.php

67. Alhazen Encyclopedia : Maps - Weather - Travel - History - Economy - Government www.informationgenius.com/encyclopedia/a/al/alhazen.html TruePhysics Physics in a New Way.alhazen Abu Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham Arab physicist and pioneer of optics.Born 965 AD Basra, Iraq Died 1040 AD Cairo, Eygpt . alhazen. http://egypt.asinah.net/en/wikipedia/a/al/alhazen.html

Hotel Reservations AmeriHost Aparthotel Barcelo ... [ SHOPPING ] egypt.asinah.net Encyclopedia Switch Language Encyclopedia worldwide This article could be outdated : Visit our new Table of Contents Main Page Edit this page Alhazen Alhazen (Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Alhasan) ) was an Arabian mathematician He was born at Basra and died at Cairo . He is to be distinguished from another Alhazen who translated Ptolemy 's Almagest in the 10th century. Having boasted that he could construct a machine for regulating the inundations of the Nile , he was summoned to Egypt by the caliph Hakim; but, aware of the impracticability of his scheme, and fearing the caliph's anger, he feigned madness until Hakim's death in 1021. Alhazen was nevertheless a diligent and successful student, being the first great discoverer in optics after the time of Ptolemy . According to Giovanni Battista della Porta, he first explained the apparent increase of heavenly bodies near the horizon, although Bacon gives the credit of this discovery to Ptolemy. He taught, previous to the Polish physicist Witelo, that vision does not result from the emission of rays from the eye, and wrote also on the refraction of light, especially on atmospheric refraction, showing, e.g. the cause of morning and evening twilight. He solved the problem of finding the point in a convex mirror at which a ray coming from one given point shall be reflected to another given point. His treatise on optics was translated into Latin by Witelo (1270), and afterwards published by F. Risner in 1572, with the title

68. Editorial Perception 1996, volume 25 Guest editorial. The deeper lesson of alhazen Iwill take alhazen and Wallach to represent these two time frames. (1). http://www.perceptionweb.com/perc1096/editorial.html

Perception 1996, volume 25 Guest editorial The deeper lesson of Alhazen This special historical issue of Perception concerns the neglect of vision work in other times and other places. The contents fall into two groups: the writings of Ptolemy and Alhazen in Egypt many centuries ago, and the more recent writings of nineteenth and early twentieth century German scholars. I will take Alhazen and Wallach to represent these two time frames. As regards the former, we are indebted to Ian Howard for his provocative reminder of the groundbreaking work of Alhazen. In Alhazen we find an astonishing range of insights that we have been in the habit of crediting to far more recent Westerners. Some six hundred years before Galileo he was conducting experiments, even psychophysical experiments. His work provided the basis for Kepler's correct explanation of the formation of retinal images as the first stage of vision, surely a cornerstone of the entire modern discipline of visual perception. It was the apparent discrepancy between the properties of retinal images and the properties of the visual world that demanded explanation, animating the field of visual perception then and now. How could so important a figure have been so badly neglected? If Alhazen is obscure in our field, the same cannot be said of Hans Wallach, who is known for many elegant experiments. In his study of the kinetic depth effect Wallach established a new depth cue-motion-in such a characteristically convincing way that his claim has never even been challenged. First, he showed that the display appeared to have depth only when in motion, while any stationary view appeared flat. Second, because the stimulus was in fact a flat silhouette, most depth cues were ruled out as causal factors even though they were not excluded from the laboratory conditions.

69. Perception: ECVP 2001 Abstracts Perception ECVP 2001 abstracts ECVP 2001 abstract. alhazen. Almost 1000 yearsago alhazen presented the first truly modern theory of perception. http://www.perceptionweb.com/ecvp01/0049.html

Perception : ECVP 2001 abstracts ECVP 2001 abstract Alhazen. The roots of unconscious inference P Cavanagh (Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; e-mail: patrick@wjh.harvard.edu

70. Alhazen Article on alhazen from WorldHistory.com, licensed from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.Return to World History (home) Main Article Index alhazen. http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/A/Alhazen.htm

World History (home) Encyclopedia Index Localities Companies Surnames ... This Week in History Alhazen Alhazen (Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haitham) ) was an Arabian mathematician; he is sometimes called al-Basri, after his birthplace. He was born at Basra and died at Cairo . He is to be distinguished from another Alhazen who translated Ptolemy 's Almagest in the 10th century. Having boasted that he could construct a machine for regulating the inundations of the Nile , he was summoned to Egypt by the caliph Hakim; but, aware of the impracticability of his scheme, and fearing the caliph's anger, he feigned madness until Hakim's death in 1021. Ibn al-Haitham was nevertheless a diligent and successful student, being the first great discoverer in optics after the time of Ptolemy . According to Giovanni Battista della Porta, he first explained the apparent increase of heavenly bodies near the horizon, although Bacon gives the credit of this discovery to Ptolemy. He taught, previous to the Polish physicist Witelo, that vision does not result from the emission of rays from the eye, and wrote also on the refraction of light, especially on atmospheric refraction, showing, e.g. the cause of morning and evening twilight. He solved the problem of finding the point in a convex mirror at which a ray coming from one given point shall be reflected to another given point. His treatise on optics was translated into Latin by Witelo (1270), and afterwards published by F. Risner in 1572, with the title

71. Encyclopedia: Alhazen Updated Apr 16, 2004. Encyclopedia alhazen. He is to be distinguished fromanother alhazen who translated Ptolemy s Almagest in the 10th century. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Alhazen

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #18 Sick of crowds? Try Greenland where there's 38 sq km per person Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: May 14, 2004 Encyclopedia : Alhazen Alhazen (Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haitham) ) was an Arabian mathematician; he is sometimes called al-Basri, after his birthplace. He was born at Basra and died at Cairo . He is to be distinguished from another Alhazen who translated Ptolemy 's Almagest in the 10th century.

72. Pages Changed In The Past 7 Days alhazen s Billiard Problemalhazen s Billiard Problem. Dörrie, H. ``alhazen s Billiard Problem. §41 in100 Great Problems of Elementary Mathematics Their History and Solutions. http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/cgi-bin/ice2-for.pl?KEYWORDS=alhazen

73. Alhazen's Problem info prev up next, book cdrom email home. alhazen s Problem. Seealhazen s Billiard Problem. © 19969 Eric W. Weisstein 1999-05-25. http://icl.pku.edu.cn/yujs/MathWorld/math/a/a140.htm

Alhazen's Problem See Alhazen's Billiard Problem Eric W. Weisstein

74. Physics Physics alhazen. alhazen (c. 965 AD c. 1039; Iraq). alhazen is regardedas being one of the greatest Islamic scientists during the http://www.upei.ca/~xliu/multi-culture/alha.htm

Physics Alhazen Alhazen (c. 965 A.D. - c. 1039; Iraq) Alhazen is regarded as being one of the greatest Islamic scientists during the medieval period and has been credited as being the first person to give an accurate description of how humans see. Although he was born in Iraq, Alhazen moved to Egypt between 996 and 1021and remained there until his death in 1039. Alhazen's greatest contribution to the field of physics was his work entitled, Optics, in which Alhazen took Euclid's and Ptolemy's doctrines on visual rays and replaced them with his own belief that vision was the result of light coming from an object and moving into the eye. Alhazen thought that rays reached the surface of the eye perpendicularly and the combined effects from the perpendicular rays formed the image of the object.This hypothesis was based on Alhazen's theory that all objects reflected light in every direction. All of the observations and experiments used in his work related to the camera obscura, perception, visual illusions, reflection and refraction and were heavily based upon mathematics. In regard to his work on refraction, Alhazen wrote in his book that refraction explained twilight. Alhazen stated that twilight was due to the refraction of the sun's rays in the earth's atmosphere. During his work on Optics, which was translated into Latin in 1270, Alhazen developed a problem which involved curved mirrors and reflected light. Alhazen was able to solve this problem, which bears his name, for spherical mirrors through the method of intersecting a circle and hyperbola.

75. Alhazen And The Telescope Title alhazen and the Telescope Authors Marshall, OS Journal AstronomicalSociety of the Pacific Leaflets, Vol. 6, p.4 Publication http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1950ASPL....6....4M

NASA ADS Astronomy/Planetary Abstract Service Find Similar Abstracts (with default settings below Full Printable Article Scanned Article Translate Abstract Title: Alhazen and the Telescope Authors: Marshall, O. S. Journal: Astronomical Society of the Pacific Leaflets, Vol. 6, p.4 Publication Date: Origin: ADS Bibliographic Code: Abstract Not Available Printing Options Send high resolution image to Level 2 Postscript Printer Send low resolution image to Level 2 Postscript Printer Send low resolution image to Level 1 Postscript Printer Get high resolution PDF image Get low resolution PDF Send 300 dpi image to PCL Printer Send 150 dpi image to PCL Printer More Article Retrieval Options HELP for Article Retrieval Bibtex entry for this abstract Custom formatted entry for this abstract (see Preferences) Find Similar Abstracts: Use: Authors Title Return: Query Results Return items starting with number Query Form Database: Astronomy/Planetary Instrumentation Physics/Geophysics ArXiv Preprints NASA ADS Homepage ADS Sitemap Query Form Preferences ... FAQ

76. Alhazen - Encyclopedia Article About Alhazen. Free Access, No Registration Neede Datenbankbrowser perplexus zur Anzeige und Modifikation Translate this page Jahr Autor alhazen. Synomym Beschreibung In abbildenden optischen Systemenkann die Lichtquelle durch Reflexion, Brechung oder Beugung erfolgen. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Alhazen

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Alhazen Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Alhazen (Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Al-Haitham) Centuries: 9th century - 10th century - 11th century Decades: 910s 920s 930s 940s 950s - Years: 960 961 962 963 964 - Events October 1 - John XIII becomes Pope Births Sweyn I of Denmark Deaths February 22 - Odo of Paris, Duke of Burgundy Click the link for more information. Centuries: 10th century - 11th century - 12th century Decades: 980s 990s 1000s 1010s 1020s - Years: 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 - Events Births Deaths Aethelnoth, Archbishop of Canterbury Alhazen, Arabian mathematician August 15 - Saint Stephen I, first king of Hungary Click the link for more information. ) was an Arabian mathematician A mathematician is a person whose area of study and research is mathematics. Roles Mathematicians not only study, but also research, and this must be given prominent mention here, because a misconception that everything in mathematics is already known is widespread among persons not learned in that field. In fact, the publication of new discoveries in mathematics continues at an immense rate in hundreds of scientific journals, many of them devoted to mathematics and many devoted to subjects to which mathematics is applied (such as theoretical computer science, physics or quantum mechanics). Click the link for more information.

77. MSN Encarta - Alhazen Translate this page alhazen. alhazen (965-c.1040), científico y filósofo árabe que hizo grandesaportaciones en los campos de la óptica, astronomía y matemáticas. http://es.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761579452/Alhazen.html

Principal Mi MSN Hotmail Buscar ... Suscribirse a MSN Encarta Premium Buscar en Encarta Art­culo de suscripci³n MSN Encarta Premium: Consigue este art­culo junto con 41.000 art­culos m¡s, un atlas din¡mico, diccionarios y mucho m¡s por s³lo 29,95 euros/a±o. M¡s informaci³n. Este art­culo s³lo est¡ disponible para los suscriptores de MSN Encarta Premium. ¿Ya eres suscriptor? Inicia una sesi³n arriba. Alhazen Alhazen (965-c.1040), cient­fico y fil³sofo ¡rabe que hizo grandes aportaciones en los campos de la ³ptica, astronom­a y matem¡ticas. Su nombre ¡rabe... ¿Quieres m¡s de Encarta? Suscr­bete hoy y tendr¡s acceso a: M¡s de 41.000 art­culos Diccionario biling¼e Atlas din¡mico M¡s informaci³n sobre Alhazen de Otras funciones de Encarta Buscar en Encarta Alhazen Principal Mi MSN ... Dinero ©2004 Microsoft Corporation. Reservados todos los derechos. Condiciones de uso Declaraci³n de privacidad aprobada por TRUSTe

78. Encyclopedia4U - Alhazen - Encyclopedia Article alhazen. alhazen (Abu Ali alHasan Ibn Alhasan), (965-1038) was an Arabianmathematician. It uses material from the Wikipedia article alhazen . http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/a/alhazen.html

ENCYCLOPEDIA U com Lists of articles by category ... Encyclopedia Home Page SEARCH : Alhazen Alhazen (Abu Ali al-Hasan Ibn Alhasan) ) was an Arabian mathematician He was born at Basra and died at Cairo . He is to be distinguished from another Alhazen who translated Ptolemy 's Almagest in the 10th century. Having boasted that he could construct a machine for regulating the inundations of the Nile , he was summoned to Egypt by the caliph Hakim; but, aware of the impracticability of his scheme, and fearing the caliph's anger, he feigned madness until Hakim's death in 1021. Alhazen was nevertheless a diligent and successful student, being the first great discoverer in optics after the time of Ptolemy . According to Giovanni Battista della Porta, he first explained the apparent increase of heavenly bodies near the horizon, although Bacon gives the credit of this discovery to Ptolemy. He taught, previous to the Polish physicist Witelo, that vision does not result from the emission of rays from the eye, and wrote also on the refraction of light, especially on atmospheric refraction, showing, e.g. the cause of morning and evening twilight. He solved the problem of finding the point in a convex mirror at which a ray coming from one given point shall be reflected to another given point. His treatise on optics was translated into Latin by Witelo (1270), and afterwards published by F. Risner in 1572, with the title

79. Type_Document_Title_here alhazen arabo tradotta http://www.quipo.it/villaggioglobale/bassora.htm

Il primo studio sulle applicazioni della luce La luminosa luce di Bassora di GIORGIO NEBBIA Professore emerito di Merceologia - Università di Bari Il 5 novembre 1966 l'Arno straripò e invase molti quartieri di Firenze e allagò molti edifici, fra cui la Biblioteca Nazionale che è proprio in riva al fiume. Tutto il mondo assistette sbalordito, attraverso la televisione, all'estrazione, da parte dei volontari, di centinaia di migliaia di libri preziosissimi, alcuni rarissimi o unici, dalla massa di fango, nafta e fogna che li aveva impregnati e ricoperti. Nelle pagine del libro che tornava alla luce dal buio del fango, erano contenute le conoscenze che stanno alla base di tutte le applicazioni moderne della luce; scusate il gioco di parole. Non avreste i vetri delle finestre o delle automobili, così come sono, non illuminereste le stanze di casa con i più raffinati accorgimenti della bioarchitettura, non riuscireste a pettinarvi (voi gentili lettrici) o a farvi la barba (voi lettori) davanti allo specchio, le automobili e le gallerie non avrebbero i catarifrangenti se, mille anni fa, questo Alhazen non avesse dedicato la vita a studiare proprio il comportamento della luce quando attraversa l'atmosfera, l'acqua, i vetri, quando viene riflessa dagli specchi. Alhazen era nato a Bassora nel 965, aveva proseguito gli studi a Baghdad (sì, proprio quella Bassora e quella Baghdad che abbiamo sentito citare tante volte, quando venivano bombardate durante la guerra Iran-Iraq del 1981-'89 e durante la guerra del Golfo del 1991), poi era vissuto al Cairo, poi in Spagna, poi ancora al Cairo, dove morì nel 1039.

80. El HAITHAMI (ALHAZEN) .. El HAITHAMI (alhazen) 965 1040. Nga DR. Ebu Ali Hasan Ibn El Haitham, i njohurne perendim me emrin alhazen, konsiderohet si babai i optikes moderne. http://www.geocities.com/alcislam/dijetare/el_haithami.html

El HAITHAMI (ALHAZEN) Nga DR. A. Zahur (Zahoor) Ebu Ali Hasan Ibn El Haitham, i njohur në perëndim me emrin Alhazen, konsiderohet si babai i optikës moderne. El - Haithan ishte një nga shkencëtarët më të shquar të kohës dhe kontributet e tij në optikë dhe në metodat shkencore janë të pakrahasueshme. Ka lindur më 965 në Basra (Iraku i sotëm) ku dhe i mori mësimet e para. Ai studioi gjthashtu edhe në Bagdad si dhe udhëtoi në Egjypt dhe Spanjë. Pjesën më të madhe të jetës së tij e kaloi në Spanjë ku dhe bëri hulumtime në optikë, matematikë, fizikë, mjekësi si dhe në zhvillimin e metodave shkencore. El-Haithami bëri eksperimente në përhapjen e dritës si dhe ngjyrat, iluzionet optike dhe refleksionin. Ekzaminoi thyerjen e rrezeve të dritës përmes mjetit transparent (ajrit dhe ujit) dhe zbuloi kështu ligjet e thyerjes së dritës. Gjithashtu ai bëri eksperimentet e para në shpërndarjen e dritës në ngjyrat e saj përbërëse. Në detajimin e eksperimentit të tij me segmentet sferike (enë qelqi të mbushtura me ujë), iu afrua shumë zbulimit të teorisë së lenteve zmadhuese e cila u zbulua 3 shekuj më pas në Itali. Ligji i sinusit do të merrte edhe tre shekuj të tjerë për t`u propozuar nga Snell dhe Dekart. Libri i tij "Kitab el-Manazir" i cili është përkthyer në Latinisht në epokën e mesjetës ka të bëjë me ngjyrat e muzgut. Gjerësisht trajton teoritë e fenomeneve të ndryshme fizike si : ylberi, hijet, eklipset, dhe spekulon rreth natyrës fizike të dritës. Roxher Bakon (shekulli 13), Polo Vitelio si dhe studjuesit e tjerë perëndimor të kohës së mesjetës që u morën me studimin e optikës, kryesisht u bazuan në "Opticae Thesaurous" të El-Haithamit. Vepra e tij gjithashtu influencoi Leonardo Da Vinçin dhe Johan Kepler.

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