41. New Page 2 Aird, received 1 tidal letter. airy, george Biddell (18011892), astronomerroyal, was born at Alnwick in Northumberland. At ten http://home.bt-webworld.com/tides/ebab.htm

Acland to Brown T Abram, John, teacher of navigation, wrote 1 tidal letter. Acland, Arthur Hugh, wrote 2 tidal letters. Aird, received 1 tidal letter. Airy, George Biddell (1801-1892), astronomer royal, was born at Alnwick in Northumberland. At ten years of age he took first place in Byatt Walker's school at Colchester. He met at his house James Ransome and studied optics, chemistry, and mechanics in his library. From 1814 to 1819 Airy attended the grammar school at Colchester. He was sent to Cambridge, and entered as sizar of Trinity College, and in 1823 graduated as senior wrangler and first Smith's prizeman. He received in 1831 the Copley medal from the Royal Society. He was admitted to membership of the Astronomical and Geological Societies respectively in 1828 and 1829, and was awarded in 1833 the gold medal of the former body for his detection of the ‘long inequality’ of Venus and the earth, communicated to the Royal Society on 24 Nov. 1831. The Lalande prize followed in 1834, and on 9 Jan. 1835 he was elected a correspondent of the French Academy of Sciences. He made acquaintance in Paris, with Laplace, Arago, Pouillet, and Bouvard. On 7 Dec. 1826 he was elected Lucasian professor of mathematics at Cambridge; but the emoluments of the office, 99l. per annum, with 100l. as ipso facto member of the board of longitude, very slightly exceeded those of his relinquished tutorship. His income was now augmented to 500l. a year, and thus provided for, he succeeded in inducing Richarda Smith to marry him. At the observatory he introduced an improved system of meridian observations, afterwards continued at Greenwich and partially adopted abroad, and set the example of thoroughly reducing before publishing them. In February 1835 Sir Robert Peel offered Airy a civil-list pension of 300l. a year, which, by his request, was settled on his wife; and on 18 June 1835 he accepted the post of astronomer royal, for which Lord Melbourne designated him in succession to John Pond.

42. 19th Century Astronomy : National Maritime Museum You are here NMM Home / What s on / Online exhibitions features / george airy sObservatory, george airy, in the Report to the Board of Visitors, 1847. http://www.nmm.ac.uk/site/navId/00500100400d

Low graphics version Site map About us Contact us Search NMM Home Planning a visit What's on News ... Shop You are here: NMM Home What's on / George Airy's Observatory Go back one level Alan Villiers (1903-82) Eclipses at Greenwich George Airy's Observatory ... Tycho's star maps 19th Century Astronomy The 12¾-inch Merz - illustration from The Midnight Sky by Edwin Dunkin (1891) Where 18th century astronomy could be characterised by precise measurement of position and the classification of heavenly bodies, the 19th century saw astronomy applying developments in maths, physics, chemistry and geology to understand the make up of these bodies and the origins of the Universe. Astronomers were now interested in finding out exactly what a star, comet, or planet consisted of and how each was formed. Spectroscopy developed in physics and chemistry was applied to find the chemical components making up the stars while theories in geology were used to understand the formation of bodies in the solar system. See also: Astronomy © NMM London In this series Airy's Transit Circle Sir George Biddell Airy The Victorian observatory 19th century astronomy Asteroids Neptune Spectroscopy Expeditions Useful tools PDF version Find similar Email this document Print this page Home of the Prime Meridian of the World Longitude 0° 0' 0", Latitude 51° 28' 38"

43. Sir George Biddell Airy, KCB (1801-1892) : National Maritime Museum You are here NMM Home / What s on / Online exhibitions features /george airy s Observatory, Sir george Biddell airy, KCB (18011892). http://www.nmm.ac.uk/site/request/setTemplate:singlecontent/contentTypeA/conWebD

Low graphics version Site map About us Contact us Search NMM Home Planning a visit What's on News ... Shop You are here: NMM Home What's on / George Airy's Observatory Go back one level Alan Villiers (1903-82) Eclipses at Greenwich George Airy's Observatory ... Tycho's star maps Sir George Biddell Airy, KCB (1801-1892) After graduating from Trinity College, Cambridge in 1823 Airy worked as an assistant tutor in mathematics. In 1826 he became Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, his interest in astronomy developed in this period as is reflect in his book, Mathematical Tracts on Physical Astronomy published the same year. He was elected Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Cambridge Observatory in 1828. In 1835 he became Astronomer Royal. George Biddell Airy in 1852, the year after the Airy Transit Circle came into use. Airy also worked as a scientific advisor to the Government, supervised a catalogue of geographical boundaries advised on the laying of transatlantic telegraph cable and on the construction of the chimes for Big Ben. See also: Astronomy © NMM London In this series Airy's Transit Circle Sir George Biddell Airy The Victorian observatory 19th century astronomy Useful tools PDF version Find similar Email this document Print this page Home of the Prime Meridian of the World Longitude 0° 0' 0", Latitude 51° 28' 38"

44. Airy, George Biddell (1801 - 1892) airy, george Biddell (1801 1892) george Biddel airy was born inAlnwick, Northumberland on the 27 July 1801. He was Professor http://www.plicht.de/chris/files/a/airygeorgebiddell.htm

Airy, George Biddell (1801 - 1892) For observations of the solar eclipses of 1842, 1851 and 1860 he traveled to the continent. A list of some of his published papers is found in Pogg. His book 'Popular physical Astronomy' was translated to German by Littrow. G. B. Airy died in London on the 4 January 1892. A Moon and a martian crater is named to honor Airy. Reference(s): Pogg. Dictionary of Scientific Biography , Vol. 1 (1970), p. 84-87 Oxford Dictionary of Astronomy , ed. Ian Ridpath, OUP, Oxford (1997), p. 8 The Cambridge Atlas of Astronomy Not available or not referenced: Back to List A Back to Home Page

45. Greenwich Past: Biddell Airy Sir george Biddell airy KCB, MA, LL.D., DCL, FRS, FRAS. References (8 books/articles);The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive george Biddell airy; http://greenwich2000.co.uk/heritage/vip/astronomers/airy.htm

Need a new shirt? Thomas Pink Thomas Pink Looking for old friends? Search census records USA, UK, Europe, Canada Ancestry.com wwp GreenwichMeanTime.US GreenwichMeanTime.UK ... Search Phoning USA, Caribbean, Canada? Find the local time. Click here Click here to get your valentines roses, gifts, treats and surprises! Greenwich 2000 GMT ... Portals-UK.com Sir George Biddell Airy K.C.B., M.A., LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S., F.R.A.S. Seventh Astronomer Royal Born: 27 July 1801 at Alnwick, Northumberland, England Died: 2 Jan 1892 at Greenwich, England Buried: Playford Church, Suffolk, England Astronomer Royal: 1835 - 1881 Key events: 1819 - Sizar of Trinity College, Cambridge, England 1823 - Senior wrangler (the top First Class student) and first Smith's prizeman 1824 - Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, England 1826 - Appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, England 1826 - Published Mathematical Tracts on Physical Astronomy - Become a standard work 1828 - Member of Astronomical Society 1829 - Member of Geological Society 1835 - Appointed as seventh Astronomer Royal 1836 - Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) 1838 - Equipped Royal Observatory. Created magnetic and meteorological department at Greenwich

46. Sir George Biddell Airy --  Encyclopædia Britannica airy, Sir george Biddell Encyclopædia Britannica Article. , airy, Sir georgeBiddell English scientist who was astronomer royal from 1835 to 1881. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=5279

47. Sir George Biddell Airy --  Encyclopædia Britannica airy, Sir george Biddell Encyclopædia Britannica Article. Sir george Biddellairy born July 27, 1801, Alnwick, Northumberland, Eng. died Jan. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=5279&tocid=0&query=airy&ct=

48. National Academy Of Sciences - Deceased Member airy, george B. Date of Birth July 27, 1801. Electedto NAS 1865. Date of Death January 4, 1892. http://www4.nationalacademies.org/nas/nasdece.nsf/(urllinks)/NAS-58MVSM?opendocu

49. Airy, Sir George Biddell Sir george Biddell airy. (b. July 27, 1801, Alnwick, Northumberland,Eng.d. Jan. 2, 1892, Greenwich, London), versatile English http://octopus.phy.bg.ac.yu/web_projects/giants/airy.html

Sir George Biddell Airy (b. July 27, 1801, Alnwick, Northumberland, Eng.d. Jan. 2, 1892, Greenwich, London), versatile English scientist and seventh Astronomer Royal (1835-81). He reorganized the Royal Greenwich Observatory, installing new apparatus and rescuing thousands of observations from oblivion, but his hesitation in acting on the calculations of English astronomer John C. Adams in 1845 somewhat delayed the discovery of Neptune. Airy improved the theory of the orbital motions of Venus and of the Moon, and in 1871 he used a water-filled telescope to test the effect of the Earth's motion on the aberration of light. In 1838 he devised a compass-correction system for the Royal Navy. Airy in 1827 was the first to attempt to correct astigmatism in the human eye (his own) by use of a cylindrical eyeglass lens. He contributed also, in optics, to the study of interference fringes and to the mathematical theory of rainbows. The Airy disk, the central spot of light in the diffraction pattern of a point light source, is named for him. In 1854 he measured gravity by swinging the same pendulum at the top and bottom of a deep mine and thus computed the density of the Earth. He was among the first to propose the theory that root structures of lower density must exist under mountains to maintain isostatic equilibrium. Airy

50. Airy, Sir George Biddell airy, Sir george Biddell. airy, Sir george Biddell, 1801–92, English astronomer. Relatedcontent from HighBeam Research on Sir george Biddell airy. http://www.infoplease.com/ce5/CE000979.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... D-Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Airy, Sir George Biddell Airy, Sir George Biddell, , English astronomer. The son of a poor farmer, he distinguished himself as Senior Wrangler at Cambridge, where he was elected fellow of Trinity College (1824) and appointed professor (1826). As Astronomer Royal and director of the Royal Greenwich Observatory from 1835 to 1881, he organized the efficient and accurate observation of stellar positions. Airy wrote many governmental reports on astronomical and other subjects, published works on celestial mechanics, and made discoveries in theoretical and practical optics, including the cylindrical lens for correcting astigmatism, an eye defect he himself possessed. See his autobiography (1896). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, air transportation Aishah Related content from HighBeam Research on: Sir George Biddell Airy Plaque for a man of all time.(News)

51. Project Gutenberg - Author Index: A Old Saint Paul s A Tale of the Plague and the Fire; Windsor Castle. airy,george Biddell. Autobiography of Sir george Biddell airy. Akenside, Mark. http://www.gutenberg.org/browse/IA_A

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52. Molecular Expressions: Science, Optics And You - Timeline - Sir George Biddell A Sir george airy was a distinguished nineteenth century English Astronomer Royal whocarried out optical research and first drew attention to the visual defect http://www.microscopy.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/airy.html

Visit the Molecular Expressions Website Galleria Photo Gallery ... Home Sir George Biddell Airy Sir George Airy was a distinguished nineteenth century English Astronomer Royal who carried out optical research and first drew attention to the visual defect of astigmatism. After graduating from Trinity College, Cambridge in 1823, Airy worked as a mathematics tutor, but was later better-known for his skills in Latin and ancient Greek, poetry, history, theology, architecture, engineering, geology, and his then-controversial beliefs in separating education from religion. By 1826, Airy's interest in astronomy increased dramatically when he was a Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University. He published a treatise entitled Mathematical Tracts on Physical Astronomy and by 1828, became Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Cambridge Observatory. Under Airy, the Observatory blossomed from simply providing data to the Royal Navy to a major research institution with the addition of the Altazimuth telescope in 1847 and the Airy Transit Circle. Departments in magnetism and meteorology were subsequently added and regular observations of sunspots and spectroscopy were conducted on a routine basis. From studying eclipses to measuring gravity, Airy's extra-observatory activities were varied, and included his supervision of the first transatlantic telegraph cable placement and the construction of Big Ben's chimes. It took four offers by the Queen, before he agreed to become Sir George in July 1872. Known for his sarcasm and caustic personality, Airy had an ongoing battle with Charles Babbage in which he prevailed professionally and financially to the detriment of science. Airy's infamy ranges from ignoring John Adams' discovery of Neptune to dismissing Michael Faraday's field theory.

53. George Biddell Airy :: Online Encyclopedia :: Information Genius george Biddell airy. Online Encyclopedia george airy was educated first at elementaryschools in Hereford, and afterwards at Colchester Grammar School. http://www.informationgenius.com/encyclopedia/g/ge/george_biddell_airy.html

Quantum Physics Pampered Chef Paintball Guns Cell Phone Reviews ... Science Articles George Biddell Airy Online Encyclopedia Sir George Biddell Airy July 27 January 2 ) was British Astronomer Royal from to He was born at Alnwick, one of a long line of Airys who traced their descent back to a family of the same name residing at Kentmere, in Westmorland , in the 14th century . The branch to which he belonged, having suffered in the English Civil War , moved to Lincolnshire and became farmers. George Airy was educated first at elementary schools in Hereford , and afterwards at Colchester Grammar School. In he entered Trinity College, Cambridge , as a sizar , meaning that he paid a reduced fee but essentially worked as a servant to make good the fee reduction. Here he had a brilliant career, and seems to have been almost immediately recognized as the leading man of his year. In he was elected scholar of Trinity, and in the following year he graduated as senior wrangler and obtained first Smith's prize. On October 1 he was elected fellow of Trinity, and in December was appointed Lucasian professor of mathematics in succession to Thomas Turton. This chair he held for little more than a year, being elected in February

54. Imago Mundi - George Airy http://www.cosmovisions.com/Airy.htm

Dictionnaire biographique Les gens Airy J. Glaisher Catalogue Bessel A B C ... Z

55. Sir George Biddell Airy Sir george Biddell airy Sir george Biddell airy (18011892) was an accomplishedastronomer who spent only two years as Lucasian professor. http://coldrain.net/lucas/airy.html

56. George Biddell Airy - InformationBlast george Biddell airy. Enlarge george Biddell airy. george airy was educated first atelementary schools in Hereford, and afterwards at Colchester Grammar School. http://www.informationblast.com/George_Biddell_Airy.html

George Biddell Airy George Biddell Airy Sir George Biddell Airy July 27 January 2 ) was British Astronomer Royal from to He was born at Alnwick , one of a long line of Airys who traced their descent back to a family of the same name residing at Kentmere, in Westmorland , in the 14th century . The branch to which he belonged, having suffered in the English Civil War , moved to Lincolnshire and became farmers. George Airy was educated first at elementary schools in Hereford , and afterwards at Colchester Grammar School. In he entered Trinity College, Cambridge , as a sizar , meaning that he paid a reduced fee but essentially worked as a servant to make good the fee reduction. Here he had a brilliant career, and seems to have been almost immediately recognized as the leading man of his year. In he was elected scholar of Trinity, and in the following year he graduated as senior wrangler and obtained first Smith's prize. On October 1 he was elected fellow of Trinity, and in December was appointed Lucasian professor of mathematics in succession to Thomas Turton. This chair he held for little more than a year, being elected in February

57. Sir George Biddell Airy Sir george Biddell airy 18011892 Joel McCorkel. Sir george Biddell airy was an astronomerwho contributed to the field of optics during the nineteenth century. http://www.u.arizona.edu/~mccorkel/airy.html

Sir George Biddell Airy 1801-1892 Joel McCorkel The University of Arizona Abstract Sir George Biddell Airy was an astronomer who contributed to the field of optics during the nineteenth century. He did so by discovering a cure for a defective eye condition known as astigmatism and deriving the equation used to predict diffraction disks, now known as Airy Disks. Sir George Biddell Airy (1801 – 1892) was a British astronomer who made significant contributions to the field of optics throughout the nineteenth century. Among these contributions were the discovery of an eye defect known as astigmatism and the invention of cylindrical lenses to help correct the problem, the invention of a water telescope which laid the groundwork for Einstein’s Theory of Relativity and dispelled the theory of aether substance in air through which light was thought to travel, and the discovery of the equation used to predict diffraction disks, which determine the limits of optical resolution [1]. Airy was introduced to the sciences as a child while being educated by his uncle, Arthur Biddell [2]. In 1823, Airy graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge, where he had served as a sizar (a student who works as a servant in order to obtain reduced fees) and subsequently became employed as a mathematics tutor [3]. In 1826, he became a Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, and published Mathematical Tracts on Physical Astronomy . In 1828, Airy became a Professor of Astronomy and was made Director of the Cambridge Observatory. The Observatory had previously been used primarily to provide data to the Royal Navy; however, under Airy’s direction, the Observatory became a research-oriented institution. The Altazimuth telescope, used to calculate the moon’s altitude [4], was added to the Observatory in 1847, and the Airy Transit Circle, which provided the Observatory with its 4

58. Matlab Code - Sir George Biddell Airy Matlab Code for airy Disks Joel McCorkel. The University of Arizona.clear,clc NA=.015625; lambda=650e9; M=100; nuCoef=2.*pi.*NA./(M http://www.u.arizona.edu/~mccorkel/Mcode.html

Matlab Code for Airy Disks Joel McCorkel The University of Arizona

59. August 11, 1835 - George B Airy Begins 46-year Reign As England's Astronomer Roy August 11, 1835 in history george B airy begins46year reign as England s Astronomer Royal. http://www.brainyhistory.com/events/1835/august_11_1835_50290.html

BrainyAtlas BrainyDictionary BrainyEncyclopedia BrainyGeography BrainyHistory BrainyQuote BrainyZip History Home August 11, 1835 In History Event: George B Airy begins 46-year reign as England's Astronomer Royal Related Year: Related Events: August 11, 1835 Related Countries: United Kingdom Learning is pleasurable but doing is the height of enjoyment. - Novalis History Home BrainyCentral About Us Inquire Privacy Terms

60. Warring States Texts | George B Airy Warring States Gallery george B airy 18011892 One such was george Bairy, 1801-1892, Astronomer Royal of England during 1835-1881. http://www.umass.edu/wsp/wst/apparatus/gallery/airy.html

Warring States Gallery George B Airy Human beings are mostly fallible. It is rare that one can be depended on to be always right, or always wrong. Examples of the former have yet to appear, but one can sometimes encounter a specimen of the latter. One such was George B Airy, 1801-1892, Astronomer Royal of England during 1835-1881. As a dependably wrong person, Airy has at least three strings to his bow: 1. Airy's taunt about drinking water, during a dinner at the estate of Lord Rosse, induced the sensitive William Rowan Hamilton (1805-1865), then two years on the wagon, to resume his former alcoholic ways. As a young man, and without having applied for the position, Hamilton had been chosen over Airy and others for a professorship at Trinity College (Dublin). Thus was the latter half of an important career darkened. The achievements of its first half nevertheless put Hamilton in the front rank of mathematicians in that century. 2. Airy's delay in searching for Neptune in 1858, where the calculations of John Couch Adams (1819-1892) had located it, compelled Adams to cede, and only later to share, the honor of its prediction with Urbain-Jean-Joseph Leverrier (1811-1877). This prediction ranks with those of Maxwell (radio waves) and Einstein (bending of light in a gravitational field) as one of the spectacular successes of mathematical methods in physics. Adams was offered the post of Astronomer Royal in succession to Airy in 1891, but declined.

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