81. IEEE MAGNETICS SOCIETY DISTINGUISHED LECTURER FOR 1997 A Short Excursion into magnetic levitation. by Abstract. Several methods for stable levitation of objects using magnetic fields will be described and explained. http://yara.ecn.purdue.edu/~smag/distlect/shtrikman.html

IEEE MAGNETICS SOCIETY DISTINGUISHED LECTURER FOR 1997-98 A Short Excursion into Magnetic Levitation by Shmuel Shtrikman Abstract. Several methods for stable levitation of objects using magnetic fields will be described and explained. The talk is planned to be mostly tutorial in nature, and will interweave demonstrations by video. An overhead projector, a blackboard, and a VCR with remote control and video viewing capabilities are required. Biography. Shmuel Shtrikman is the Samuel Sebba Professor of Applied Physics at the Weizmann Institute of Sciene in Rehovot, Israel. He received his B.Sc. and D.Sc. degrees in electrical engineering from the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology in Haifa. In 1954 he joined the Department of Electronics at the Weizmann Institute of Science. He has also been a visiting and adjunct professor at the University of California at San Diego where he is associated with the Center for Magnetic Recording Research since 1983. He has also held numerous visitng positions and has been awarded many prizes. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the American Physical Society and a Member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. He was a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Magnetics Society in 1983 and is a member of the Editorial Board of the IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. He is also a member of the Magnetics Society of Japan. Prof. S. Shtrikman

82. Alexa Web Search - Subjects > Science > Physics > Electromagnetism > Magnetic Le magnetic levitation Subjects Science Physics Electromagnetism magnetic levitation. Browse, Best Selling Products in magnetic levitation. http://www.alexa.com/browse/categories?catid=196267

83. A 3 DOF Hanging Type Magnetic Levitation System A 3 DOF Hanging Type magnetic levitation System with Permanent Magnet Motion Control Using Piezoelectric Actuator. 3 DOF Hanging Type magnetic levitation System. http://www.intellect.pe.u-tokyo.ac.jp/research/hang_maglev/hang_maglev_e.html

A 3 DOF Hanging Type Magnetic Levitation System with Permanent Magnet Motion Control Using Piezoelectric Actuator Keywords: Magnetic Levitation, Piezoelectric Actuator, Permanent Magnet Abstract A type of magnetic levitation system with permanent magnet motion control has been already proposed. The feature is to control attractive force of permanent magnet using actuator. Based on this principle, a 1 DOF hanging type magnetic levitation system has been developed. The levitated object hangs from the upper ferromagnetic ceiling. This system had problem that the levitated object swings. Next step is development of a 3 DOF magnetic levitation system. A 3 DOF magnetic levitation system that can control the DOFs of the rotation about horizontal axes is developed. This paper describes the success of a 3 DOF magnetic levitation system using permanent magnets and piezoelectric actuators. INTRODUCTION The need for a very clean environment is increasing in such areas as semiconductor processing and biotechnological experiments. During conveyance and handling of an object, dust and particles are generated from contact points. The conveyance vehicles used in these areas must eliminate contamination. Thus mechanical contacts are the prime origins of dust and particle generation. A non-contact conveyance mechanism is good solution for clean environment applications. Most of magnetic levitation system is a type of system which controls attractive force of electromagnet by varying electric current. Also, a type of magnetic levitation system which controls attractive force of permanent magnet by varying air gap length has been already proposed

84. Diamagnetic Levitation For example, SRI s hybrid levitation system has been utilized to provide a cleanroom transport system for a major manufacturer of magnetic media storage http://www.esd.sri.com/automation/diamagnetic/hybrid.html

Search: ESD Home Automation Diamagnetic Levitation The efforts of SRI to develop diamagnetic hybrid levitation have resulted in several patents and inventions. For example, SRI's hybrid levitation system has been utilized to provide a clean-room transport system for a major manufacturer of magnetic media storage systems. This application has been used to passively levitate more than 16 kg (22 lb) of payload, setting a world record. Hybrid Levitation Applications that exploit diamagnetic properties for practical levitation require the integration of permanent magnets in a hybrid system. Strong permanent magnets provide the lift capacity to balance the forces of gravity. Diamagnetic material used with selectively positioned permanent magnets provides the stability to keep the levitation balanced within reasonable limits. SRI recently patented a hybrid levitation system based on permanent magnets for lift and on diamagnetism for the necessary control stability. In SRI's system, many powerful neodymium-iron-boron bias magnets are mounted on a rigid support structure above a movable transport conveyance. The rigid support structure is stationary. Lift magnets are mounted to the movable transport conveyance (see Figure 1). The bias and lift magnets provide the attractive force necessary to counteract the force of gravity. Fixed magnet arrays are mounted to the same support structure as the bias magnets and straddle the diamagnetic bearing plates that are mounted to the transport conveyance. The diamagnetic bearing plates provide a fraction of the lift through their repulsive force relative to the fixed magnet array. The plates also provide sufficient repulsive force to counteract the attractive force of the bias and lift magnets. Stop rollers prevent accidental interference between the bearing plates and the fixed magnet array. The clearances between bearing plates and magnet array are small, on the order of 1 mm.

85. Floating Magnets Demonstration For Magnetic Levitation 120mm (~4.5 ) tall. By placing the magnets north to north and south to south, the magnets will float or levitate. It is an effective http://www.indigo.com/magnets/gphmgnts/floating-magnets.html

Floating Magnets Demonstration The floating magnet assembly consists of 5 ferrite disks 23mm (~1") diameter and a wooden base and upright which is 120mm (~4.5") tall. By placing the magnets north to north and south to south, the magnets will "float" or levitate. It is an effective demonstration of attraction and repulsion and is suitable for school age children. P/N Description US /ea  Cdn /ea   Qty  Shop  Floatstand w/5 disk magnets Magnet Accessories All Magnets View Home T: F: Toll-Free: 9-5 EST Indigo® Instruments.

86. Valles Lab Magnetic Levitation And Quasi 2d Electrons 75, 132 (1995). magnetic Field Manipulation of Biological Systems. “Low Gravity on Earth by magnetic levitation of Biological Material (J. M. Valles, Jr. http://www.physics.brown.edu/Users/Faculty/valles/homepagevalleslab.html

Quasi-2D e Systems and Levitation Valles Lab Brown University Physics Quasi-2D Metals, Superconductors, and Insulators Magnetic Levitation for Low Gravity Simulation see movies Magnetic Field Manipulation of Cell Division ... Current Group Recent Publications Quasi-2D Metals, Superconductors, and Insulators Deviations from mean-field behavior in disordered nanoscale superconductor-normal-metal-superconductor arrays " (Taejoon Kouh and J. M. Valles, Jr.) Phys. Rev. B 6, 140506(R) (2003). Fluctuation Effects in High Sheet Resistance Superconducting Films ," (J. M. Valles, Jr., J. A. Chervenak, S. –Y. Hsu, and T. J. Kouh) Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 171, 104 (2001). Absence of Vortex Solid Phase in Strongly Disordered Superconducting Bi Films ” (J. A. Chervenak and J. M. Valles, Jr.) Phys. Rev. B 61, R9245 (2000). Critical Amplitude Fluctuations in Low Superfluid Density Two Dimensional Superconductors ” (J. A. Chervenak and J. M. Valles, Jr.) Phys. Rev. B 59, 11209 (1999).

87. Magnetic Levitation Technologies For Industry And Transportation Jerry Lamb. . . magnetic levitation Technologies for Industry and Transportation. . . magnetically levitated over a fixed guideway. The system provides. http://www.tian.greens.org/TASCLevX.html

In a message dated 10/14/02 08:29:13 PM, Adgrossman@livecapital.com writes: Jerry began by explaining that Magna Force was founded in 1993 to "develop from prototype to production disruptive, bold and visionary permanent magnet technologies for licensing." It is a private Washington State Corporation that holds 18 U.S. Patents and more than 200 worldwide patents. The companies newest project is LevX technology, which is "the development of apparatuses, systems and methods for levitating and moving objects." He then shared a couple of his companies big success stories, magnetic couplings for mechanical power distribution. Lamb explained that companies that have installed them have saved a lot of energy. Then he talked a bit about what the LevX system is. It consists of rails very much like the ones under trains now, except that the surface is tiled with permanent magnets an inch or two thick with all of the poles pointing the same direction. The cars that glide on the rails have permanent magnets arranged over the tracks so that the poles are oriented to repel the track's magnets. Because the magnets are so strong, an inch or so of air gap is as close as the track and cars come. Since the vehicle is riding on air, there is no friction loss, making very energy efficient transportation possible. Lamb then showed us pictures of Washington State Republican Legislators riding his prototype train. He listed for us some of the many possible applications for the technology, things such as people movers, materials handling for assembly lines, military launching catapults, or even heavy freight shipping. He shared some mouth watering price points, things like building rail lines for only $2 million per mile. He then completed the excitement building by showing us a half hour video of news clippings the LevX system had gotten, including footage of Washington State Governor Locke standing in front of a Corvette floating on a LevX track saying that LevX has great potential.

88. OE Reports 165 - September 1997 OE Reports 165 September 1997. magnetic levitation haptic interfaces. Figure 1. The magnetic levitation haptic device is composed of a flotor and two stators. http://www.spie.org/app/Publications/magazines/oerarchive/september/sep97/magnet

September 1997 Magnetic levitation haptic interfaces Telemanipulators reveal small and distant worlds 32 years ago Mars photos an electro-optical first Light Constructions: New artificial neuron pushes neural networks toward cognition ... Education Industry Focus InterOpto serves Japan's OE market Photonics Center brings academia and industry together Product Briefs Business Briefs ... Sandia robotics director cited for leadership International Technical Working Groups Computational Intelligence in Cloud Classification Retinal display projects imagery directly into human eye Shape from motion: visualization and design of assembly processes Working Groups ; High Speed Photography, BACUS hosts 17th Annual Symposium OE Reports 165 - September 1997 Magnetic levitation haptic interfaces An interview with Peter Berkelman and Ralph Hollis, Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University. Please define haptic. Berkelman: Haptic means interacting through a sense of touch that combines tactile and kinesthetic sensations. Haptic interaction is a relatively new research field. Several research groups are developing various kinds of devices, including linkage devices, tension cable devices, or exoskeletons that all try to give the user the sensation or experience of physically interacting with some kind of virtual or remote environment. The other wording is magnetic levitation. How does that work? You have a stator and flotor?

89. PhysicsWeb - Gold Floats In Magnetized Oxygen 2003 Nature 422 579). magnetic levitation occurs when the force on a diamagnetic object is strong enough to balance the weight of the object itself. http://physicsweb.org/article/news/7/4/9

Advanced site search news January February March April May June July August September October November December Show summaries quick search Search the news archive. Previous News for April 2003 Next Gold floats in magnetized oxygen 9 April 2003 Physicists have magnetically levitated various solid objects - including gold, platinum and diamond - in cold oxygen gas for the first time. Laurence Eaves and colleagues at Nottingham University were also able to move the floating objects by adjusting the strength of the applied magnetic field. They believe that the effect could find applications in mineral separation technology (A T Catherall et al. Nature Magnetic levitation occurs when the force on a diamagnetic object is strong enough to balance the weight of the object itself. If the object is immersed in a paramagnetic fluid, such as gaseous oxygen, the levitation can be enhanced by the effect of buoyancy caused by the "magneto-Archimedes" effect. The levitation force per unit volume of the object depends on the vertical magnetic field gradient in the vessel. Figure 1 The fact that the density of a gas at fixed pressure is inversely proportional to temperature (Charles' law), as is the paramagnetic susceptibility (Curie's law) means that near the boiling point of liquid oxygen, 90 K, the magnetic buoyancy of oxygen gas is ten times stronger than at room temperature.

90. Patents About MAGLEV - California MAGLEV Alliance Superconductive magnetic levitation transportation system. levitationmagnetic-force generating apparatus for magnetic levitation transport vehicle. http://www.calmaglev.org/default.php?page=11&subnav=2

91. Magnetic Levitation Gets A Boost Cambridge, Mass. November 6 1991 Tech Talk Search MIT News Comments MIT. magnetic levitation Gets a Boost. TWO PROJECTS http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/tt/1991/nov06/25466.html

Published by the MIT News Office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. November 6 Tech Talk Search MIT News ... MIT Magnetic Levitation Gets a Boost November 6 Tech Talk Search MIT News ... MIT

92. Magnetic Levitation To Be CTS Seminar Topic Friday May 9 1990 Tech Talk Search MIT News Comments MIT. magnetic levitation To Be CTS Seminar Topic Friday. magnetic levitation http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/tt/1990/may09/23132.html

Published by the MIT News Office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass. May 9 Tech Talk Search MIT News ... MIT Magnetic Levitation To Be CTS Seminar Topic Friday May 9 Tech Talk Search MIT News ... MIT

93. Levitation And Agglomeration Of Magnetic Grains In A Complex (dusty) Plasma With New J. Phys. 5 (2003) 24 PII S13672630(03)58570-6. levitation and agglomeration of magnetic grains in a complex (dusty) plasma with magnetic field. http://www.iop.org/EJ/article/1367-2630/5/1/324/nj3124.html

@import url(http://ej.iop.org/style/nu/NJP4.css); Journals sitemap: IOP home page IOP online services EJs HOME JOURNAL HOME   - Editorial information   - Scope   - Editorial board   - Submit an article   - Request sample copy   - Article charge   - Associate members   - Focus issues EJS EXTRA   - IOP Select   - IOP Physics Reviews   - BEC Matters! SEARCH   - Content finder   - Default searches AUTHORS   - Submit an article   - Status enquiry   - Get LaTeX class file   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board REFEREES   - Submit referee report   - Become a referee   - Update personal details   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board LIBRARIANS   - Register your institution   - Pricing and ordering   - Library branding   - How to link to IOP journals   - Librarian help USER OPTIONS   - Create account   - Lost password Login Create account Alerts Contact us ... Content finder New J. Phys. PII: S1367-2630(03)58570-6 Levitation and agglomeration of magnetic grains in a complex (dusty) plasma with magnetic field D Samsonov , S Zhdanov , G Morfill and V Steinberg Department of Physics of Complex Systems, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel

94. Chapter 1: Magnetism Adjusting the magnets for levitation. Hold At one point while turning the rod, the magnet will start to levitate between the disks. The http://www.scitoys.com/scitoys/scitoys/magnets/suspension.html

Experimenting with magnetorheological fluids. Suspending a magnet in mid-air. Levitating pyrolytic graphite. A Gauss Rifle: A Magnetic Linear Accelerator. ... Building a Curie-effect heat engine. Going further: Superconductors. A magnet in mid-air. Floating in mid-air between two metal plates, a tiny magnet bobs and spins in the wind from the viewer's breath. No batteries are used, no electromagnets, no supercooled superconducting materials, just some easy to obtain materials from local stores. Shopping list 12 ceramic ring magnets (Radio Shack) tiny neodymium-iron-boron magnet (Radio Shack) [The tiny rare-earth magnets shown in these photos are much stronger than the Radio Shack magnets, and can be found in our catalog . If using the Radio Shack magnets, you may need a stronger top magnet, and a taller support column.] 8 inches of 1/4 inch threaded brass rod 4 brass hex nuts to fit the 1/4 inch rod 2 brass or nylon washers to fit the brass rod wooden base (5 inch square, 3/4 inch high) 6 to 8 inch wooden support, 2 inches square

95. Usenet Physics FAQ Superconductivity Technology Center at Los AlamosMAGNETIC levitation TRAINS Magnetically levitated (MAGLEV) trains are considered as a future application of HTS development. To http://hepweb.rl.ac.uk/ppuk/PhysFAQ/levitation.html

Version Date: 17 th May 2004 Usenet Physics FAQ This is the web version of the Usenet Physics FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions). Its purpose is to provide good answers to questions that have been discussed often in sci.physics and related usenet newsgroups. The articles in this FAQ are based on those discussions and on information from good reference sources. That does not mean that they are always perfect and complete. If you have corrections, updates or additional points to make please send an email to the editor, Don Koks (his cv is here ). If you want to write up an article following a news group discussion about a subject not yet covered here then feel free to send it to the editor, but please do not use this address to ask new questions. Ask them in the appropriate newsgroup instead. If you are new to the Physics newsgroups, welcome! Please read the article An Introduction to the Physics Newsgroups . It will help you find the right newsgroup for your questions and will give you other crucial advice about appropriate netiquette for these groups. Above all you should check carefully to see if your questions are answered in this FAQ before posting. This FAQ was created by Scott Chase in 1992. The web version was created, maintained and enlarged by Michael Weiss and Philip Gibbs. Others who have written for the FAQ are credited at the top of the items they submitted while many more who have made smaller contributions have been thanked privately.

96. Diamagnetic Levitation Superconductors are perfectly diamagneticthat s part of why the demonstration of magnet levitation over a superconductor is so dramatic. http://www.otherpower.com/newmaglev.html

FF Main Products FAQ Info ... Email FUN WITH DIAMAGNETIC LEVITATION Earnshaw's theorem from 1842 states that the stable levitation of a permanent magnet is impossible without an added force for stabilization. This can be demonstrated with a stack of ring magnetsunless they have a stick through the center, they will flip over instead of levitating. However, the phenomenon of diamagnetism can provide the stabilizing force needed for levitation without any sort of stick or tether. Click on each photo for details on how to reproduce the experiment! The photos above show three variations of the diamagnetic levitation experimenta magnet levitating between Carbon-Graphite plates, a magnet levitating between Bismuth plates, and a chip of Carbon-Graphite levitating over magnets. What is Diamagnetism? Certain materials are diamagnetic, which means that when they are exposed to a magnetic field, they induce a weak magnetic field in the opposite directiontheir magnetic susceptibility is negative . Diamagnetic materials include Carbon-Graphite, water, protein, DNA, wood, Bismuth, Silver, Diamond and Gold. Bismuth and Carbon-Graphite are the strongest, around 20 times more diamagnetic than water. With an extremely powerful electromagnet, it's possible to diamagnetically levitate a living creature due to the water, protein, and DNA in it's body. See a levitating frog here!

97. Diamagnetic Levitation In our demonstration the overhead magnets are attached to a threaded shaft so used, the distance between them can be adjusted to achieve maximum levitation. http://www.fieldlines.com/other/diamag1.html

FF Main Products FAQ Info ... Email FUN WITH DIAMAGNETIC LEVITATION! Crude but functional. Wood blocks elevating the adjustable magnet apparatus, pennies separating the Bismuth plates below. Here are some pictures of various magnets that we used in our experiments: Here we have a 3/16 inch cube magnet (item on our website ) suspended between two Bismuth plates. Here is the same magnet suspended using only the lower Bismuth plate. We polished the surface of the plate so you can see the effect in the reflection. Here we have a stack of 2 of our item , which is a 2mm x 1mm. This magnet is polarized such that the poles are at the long narrow edges, which is why it levitates in the manner that it does. (Unfortunately, this magnet is not currently available on our website.) Our item works pretty well too. It is a gold plated disk, 6mm x 2mm The same magnet without the top plate of Bismuth. Levitating magnets requires very precise adjustments, especially when using only one plate. If you get the top magnets too close, the levitating magnet will take its final leap upward and usually shatter when it collides with the large magnets above. oops!

98. Permenant Magnet Levitation. Permenant Magnet levitation. In spite of what Earnshaw said, I have always believed in the possibility of permenant magnet levitation. http://home.earthlink.net/~lenyr/levmag.htm

Permenant Magnet Levitation. A permenant magnet being levitated. No superconductors, no electrically powered feedback stabilization or spinning tops. It just sits there floating day after day by the interaction of two permenant magnets. In spite of what Earnshaw said, I have always believed in the possibility of permenant magnet levitation. I found out about this at a very excellent web site called Scitoys.com. I highly recommend looking at it. I just had to try building one of these myself. It worked just like they said. The small magnet can be made to wobble around or spin by blowing on it. It is stable and always returns to its center position. It is always annoying to me when someone flashes a bunch of mathematical mumbojumbo in our faces and says something is impossible. Many times the impossibility may be true in the true sense of the mathematical definition, but mathematical definitions often fall way short when evaluating our real and practical world. Someone named Earnshaw, using mathematical mumbojumbo, said that a permenant magnet can not be levitated without using some energy input for stabilization. In the practical sense, one would be a fool to take the Earnshaw therom seriously. The picture shows that permenant magnet levitation can easily be done at home. The trick is a property of bismuth called diamagnetism. Diamagnetism is a property of a substance to be repelled instead of attracted by a magnet. It also has the peculiar property of not trying to rotate the magnet away from it during the repulsion. A diamagnetic material will be repelled from a magnet no matter what pole it is near. Diamagnetism probably does not fall within the definition of the Earnshaw therom but who cares.

99. Magnet Levitation Set - Science Gifts - Edmund Scientifics , Price, Qty, 3081462, Magnet levitation Set, $24.95,...... Magnet levitation Set Click here to email a friend about this item ». Item , http://scientificsonline.com/product.asp_Q_pn_E_3081462

100% SECURED SHOPPING Your Cart Contains items Subtotal Shipping Total Shop by Manufacturer Choose a Brand Brunton Celestron Binoculars Celestron Scopes Fischertechnik Garmin Magellan Night Owl OWI Smithsonian I am looking for Choose a Subject That Little Extra Something Gifts for Children Under 12 Gifts for Adults Toys and Games Gifts Under $25 Gifts Ranging from $25 to $75 Gifts Over $75 Enter Email Address Enter Keywords or Item Number Tips on Searching Clearance Gift Ideas Best Sellers ... Solar Energy Can't find what you're looking For? Try Science Kit for more options. Magnet Levitation Set More Magnetism Kits >> More >> Construct your very own "levitating train", as well as conduct different experiments to test magnets and their properties. Instruction book features projects of increasing difficulty to demonstrate magnetic principles. Kit includes 10 disc magnets. 1 neodymium magnet. 10 latch magnets,1 small compass,1-4" dowel, iron filings, two 24" magnetic strips, 5 wood blocks, 6 plastic angles, and two high force magnetic strips. Item # Description Price Qty Magnet Levitation Set People Who Bought This Product Also Bought...

100. Chapter 1: Magnetism density of pyrolytic graphite is lower than bismuth, (the specific gravity is 2.1), it is light enough to be levitated above a sufficiently powerful magnet. http://www.scitoys.com/scitoys/scitoys/magnets/pyrolytic_graphite.html

Experimenting with magnetorheological fluids. Suspending a magnet in mid-air. Levitating pyrolytic graphite. A Gauss Rifle: A Magnetic Linear Accelerator. ... A 10 minute railgun. Going further: Superconductors. Levitating pyrolytic graphite Click on image for larger view There are some materials that are more diamagnetic than bismuth. These include superconductors (which at this time require cryogenic temperatures to work), and similar materials that exhibit "giant diamagnetism" (also at very low temperatures). But there is one material that is more diamagnetic than bismuth at room temperature, at least in one direction. That material is called pyrolytic graphite Pyrolytic graphite is a synthetic material, made by a process called chemical vapor deposition To make pyrolytic graphite, methane gas at low pressure (about 1 Torr) is heated to 2000 degrees Celsius. Very slowly, (one thousandth of an inch per hour) a layer of graphite grows. The graphite made this way is very highly ordered, and the layers of carbon atoms form like a crystal of hexagonal sheets. These sheets lie on top of one another like sheets of mica. You can separate the layers with a sharp knife to make thinner sheets. Click on image for larger view Pyrolytic graphite is more diamagnetic than bismuth, but only in the direction perpendicular to the sheets of carbon. In other directions, it is still diamagnetic, but not as good as bismuth.

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