41. Review Of Merlin Donald's Origins Of The Modern Mind And A Mind So Rare Level3 awareness is not sufficient for symbolic thought and culture,as Donald demonstrates with the examples of enculturated apes. http://www.flwyd.dhs.org/school/donaldreview.html

Review of Merlin Donald's Origins of the Modern Mind and A Mind So Rare by Trevor Stone University of Colorado, Boulder Issues and Methods in Cognitive Science Spring 2002; completed Spring 2003 Examining Grand Ideas In his 1991 book Origins of the Modern Mind: Three Stages in the Evolution of Culture and Cognition , Merlin Donald presents the evolution of human cognition as a sequence of three transitions in dominant representational systems. Humans progressed from other primates by developing gestural, linguistic, and written storage and thought structures, thereby developing what Donald calls "mimetic," "mythic," and "theoretic" cultures. His approach is interdisciplinary and somewhat speculative he combines data from anthropology, archaeology, cognitive psychology, linguistics, and neurobiology to reconstruct the stages of evolutionary human cognitive development. After a decade replete with evolutionary accounts of human cognitive capacity, Donald wrote A Mind So Rare: The Evolution of Human Consciousness , arguing for the presence of a strong consciousness as one of the most important attributes of the human mind. Noting that a full account of human consciousness stands many years in the future, Donald sets out to describe what he can of the architecture, capabilities, and evolution of human consciousness. The result is a picture of a highly plastic domain-general capacity that can coordinate action, focus attention, and regulate activity, all typically in intermediate-term time frames. After ten years, Donald still holds the views expressed in

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News Sections Business Community Computing Directory ... Travel Search Engine Omniseek Multisearch Article Archives Artcyclopedia Imagebase TIGER Website World Wide Art Resources Don't forget to come back to this page and click the check mark to vote for a site! Chimpanzee and Great Ape Language Resour . . . nthropology Department, Brown University Includes links, online texts, and ape images. At the Anthropology Department, Brown University (http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Anthropology/apelang.html) Language in child and chimp? General commentary on ape language and good links. (http://pubpages.unh.edu/~jel/apelang.html) Non-human primates and language This project is part of a theoretical course on Syntax and Grammatical Theories taught by Prof. Dirk Geeraerts at K.U.Leuven. (http://pages.hotbot.com/edu/nhp.language/) Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Not much here. Brief research descriptions, grad students, etc. (http://www.pri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/koudou-shinkei/shikou/langinte.htm) The Primatech project A cognitive model of Chantek, a signing orangutan, for an installation at Zoo Atlanta. (http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/perception/projects/primatech/)

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57. THEORY OF MIND IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES is observational and experimental evidence that apes have mental state concepts, such as in chimpanzees, but they reported positive findings for "enculturated" chimpanzees (i.e http://www.bbsonline.org/documents/a/00/00/05/46/bbs00000546-00/bbs.heyes.html

Below is the unedited preprint (not a quotable final draft) of: Heyes, C. M. (1998). Theory of mind in nonhuman primates. Behavioral and Brain Sciences The final published draft of the target article, commentaries and Author's Response are currently available only in paper. For information on becoming a commentator on this or other BBS target articles, write to: bbs@soton.ac.uk For information about subscribing or purchasing offprints of the published version, with commentaries and author's response, write to: journals_subscriptions@cup.org (North America) or journals_marketing@cup.cam.ac.uk (All other countries). THEORY OF MIND IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES C. M. Heyes Department of Psychology University College London Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom c.heyes@ucl.ac.uk Keywords apes; associative learning; concepts; convergence; deception; evolution of intelligence; folk psychology; imitation; mental state attribution; monkeys; parsimony; perspective-taking; primates; role-taking; self-recognition; social cognition; social intelligence; theory of mind. Abstract Premack & Woodruff (1978) asked "Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?". Since it was posed, nearly 20 years ago, Premack & Woodruff's question has dominated the study of both social behavior in nonhuman primates (henceforward simply "primates") and cognitive development in children, but progress in the two fields has been markedly different. Developmentalists have established empirical methods to investigate children's understanding of mentality, and, forging links with philosophy of mind and philosophy of science, they have mustered the conceptual resources for disciplined dispute about the origins (innate module, convention or testing), on-line control (simulation or inference), and epistemic status (stance, theory or direct knowledge) of human folk psychology (e.g. Goldman 1993; Gopnik 1993; Gopnik & Wellman 1994). In contrast, those working with primates have continued to struggle with the basic question of whether

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Human Quest video the "social brain" universals: language, tastes for fats/sweets..., social behavior the idea of specific human adaptations evolved brain small hunter-gatherer groups cultural evolution A means of rapid change and collective wisdom Social "tools" of the brain faces the importance of faces: Loss of faces "prosopagnosia" infant perception of faces But don't overlook the role of speech as cue for identity; what about blind individuals? social communication faces, words, and especially melodies joint attention (Tomasello) Children seem to get this idea on their own but apes don't. Some report that "enculturated" apes those raised in human environments do act more like human children in these situations. (As of 4/01) the final story remains unknown,) assumptions about other minds :"False-belief" task This is a kind of projective task, used by Piaget and expanded on by many investigators. Tests the capacity to "read" minds of others and attribute other mind-like properties consciousness, and beliefs. Children develop the idea they are persons in a social group, with ethics and morals guiding behavior

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About Us INTER-SPECIES COMMUNICATION via the Internet ... Contact Us ApeNet Co-Founders: Peter Gabriel (L) Steve Woodruff (R) The ApeNet Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) Georgia corporation. About Us ApeNet is a consortium of foundations and individuals who support interconnecting great apes with each other, as well as with humans, through enculturation and technology. ApeNet was founded by British musician Peter Gabriel and American philanthropist Steven Woodruff to provide new living and communication solutions for enculturated great apes. Mission: To link enculturated great apes with each other through the internet, establish culture-based great ape preserves, establish an internet-based Journal, and to encourage and support great ape welfare and conservation. Language-Using Great Ape Ambassadors: (right to left in top photo) Chantek (Orangutan) at the Chantek Foundation Koko (Gorilla) at the Gorilla Foundation Kanzi (Bonobo) soon to be at the Iowa Primate Learning Sanctuary Human Great Ape Mentors: Chantek Foundation Gorilla Foundation ApeNet Founders: Steve Woodruff , Philanthropist Peter Gabriel , Musician, Singer, Composer, Visionary

60. List Of Historical Apes - Encyclopedia Article About List Of Historical Apes. Fr Koko (born July 4, 1971) is the name of a captive, enculturated gorilla trained Kanzi bonobo http//www.gsu.edu/~wwwlrc/biographies/kanzi.html; Sultan - ape. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/List of historical apes

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia List of historical apes Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition This is a list of historical apes Ape is a common, yet rather imprecise, name for some animals of the order Primates. Its earliest meaning was a tailless (and therefore exceptionally human-like) non-human primate, but as zoological knowledge developed it became clear that taillessness occurred in a number of different and otherwise unrelated species. Modern scientific usage includes as apes: the family Hylobatidae (6 species of gibbons and the siamang), known as lesser apes the family Hominidae or great apes, consisting of Gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla ), Chimpanzees (common chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes and Bonobos, Pan paniscus ), humans ( Homo sapiens ), and Orangutans ( Pongo pygmaeus Click the link for more information. Bonobos For the computer programming term (the component model used in the GNOME Desktop environment), see Bonobo (computing). Bonobo Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae Genus: Pan Species: paniscus Species Pan paniscus Schwarz, 1929

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