101. Grade Six Science - Ecosystems Science 6. ecosystems. Unit overview. Life Complex patterns of dependence exist. Changes in one ecosystem influence other ecosystems. Ultimately http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/midlsci/gr6ucmsc.html

Science 6 Ecosystems Unit overview Life on earth derives from a complex interdependence among biotic and abiotic components. This is the concept of the ecosystem. The whole earth can be seen as one ecosystem, or ecosphere. Alternatively, it can be viewed as a series of linked subsystems. Species and the spaces they inhabit are equally important. We can not separate and priorize the components because in fact, the components have no meaning apart from the whole. Components such as land, water, and air are not resources as much as they are the source of life. Often, the view that something is worth saving if it has economic or aesthetic value to humans is expressed. An example is "Rainforests should be saved because we haven't explored them completely yet, and there may be many valuable drugs or interesting creatures yet to be discovered." Rainforests should be preserved because they are a part of the system in which life has developed, and we anticipate that removing part of the system will have a negative effect on the whole system. Humans are an important component of the ecosphere but do we have a legitimate claim to primacy in the system? In addition to developing an understanding of what the ecosystem is, students must become directly involved in helping to restore and protect it. Whether it be by cleaning up litter around the school, developing a recycling project, or writing to politicians about environmental issues, action to help improve the environment is essential or nothing, in effect, has been learned. What will drive this action is a love of the land. Love of the land is best developed out on the land. If students can be given opportunities to develop such a love during this unit, the understanding and action will follow.

102. ASLO: Limnology And Oceanography Peerreviewed journal publishing original articles about all aspects of limnology and oceanography, with a theme of understanding aquatic ecosystems. Published by The American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO). Includes some articles. http://aslo.org/lo/

Home Information Instructions Featured Articles ... ASLO Limnology and Oceanography Limnology and Oceanography (ISSN 0024-3590) publishes original articles about all aspects of limnology and oceanography. The journal's unifying theme is the understanding of aquatic ecosystems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which they can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic ecosystem examined. Laboratory and modeling studies must demonstrate relevance to natural environments; typically this means that they are bolstered by substantial "real world" data. Few purely theoretical papers are accepted for review; authors are strongly advised to include such materials in more complete papers that use the new theory to elucidate important features of aquatic ecosystems. Papers that focus on new measurement equipment and techniques, or on evaluations and comparisons of existing methods should be directed to the companion journal Limnology and Oceanography: Methods Six regular issues of Limnology and Oceanography are published each year by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO). In addition

103. Environmental Awareness: Ecosystems And The Environment Home Contact Us. This site developed by Deborah CavanaughGrant, Director, Illinois Sustainable Agriculture Network George Czapar http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/ecosystems/

Home Contact Us This site developed by: Deborah Cavanaugh-Grant, Director, Illinois Sustainable Agriculture Network George Czapar, Educator, Integrated Pest Management, University of Illinois Extension Duane Friend, Educator, Natural Resources Management, University of Illinois Extension David Robson, Educator, Horticulture, University of Illinois Extension David Shiley, Educator, Natural Resources Management, University of Illinois Extension

104. Cape Lookout Environmental Education Center Located on Cape Lookout National Seashore, CLEEC provides educational programs focused on barrier island ecology and geology, and marine and estuarine ecosystems for individuals, schools, teachers and groups. http://cleec.org

Cape Lookout Environmental Education Center Where the seashore is your classroom! History of CLEEC Summer Camps Programs for Adults Links ... Help Support CLEEC Click on photo Our instructors help you discover this ribbon of sand in a whole new way. Our programs focus on ecology and geology. Let us introduce you to the specialized habitats and inhabitants of barrier islands. T he C ape L ookout E nvironmental E ducation C enter seeks to provide children and adults with age-appropriate, research-based programming about barrier islands, the marine ecosystems surrounding them and their connections to our past, present and future. CLEEC lies within the boundaries of Cape Lookout National Seashore, a chain of magnificent, pristine barrier islands located off the coast of North Carolina near Beaufort. Sanctioned by the National Park Service, CLEEC is the only Environmental Education Center in North Carolina to offer camp participants the adventure of an extended stay on an undeveloped barrier island. Cape Lookout Environmental Education Center P.O. Box 19286

105. Biodiversity And Mutualism In Ecosystems The following technical dissertation deals with the interactions between different organisms in ecosystems from the smallest area to the entire planet. http://www.angelfire.com/sk/monkeypuzzle/mbiooverviewmain.html

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Mutualistic biodiversity networks KEYWORDS: biodiversity, ecosystem function, mutualism, species loss, redundancy, keystone, rivet hypothesis, biosphere, Gaia Theory, permaculture; sustainability [Frames] [No Frames] The following technical dissertation deals with the interactions between different organisms in ecosystems - from the smallest area to the entire planet. It is found that long-term stability in ecosystems comes only with high biodiversity, and when the diverse species set up mutually beneficial links between each other. All of these "co-operative" links establish a network between species that does not end at the small-scale ecosystem. The network effectively encompasses all organisms over the globe, such that each has some small influence on the rest. Nothing is redundant. Though some organisms and species could be lost without an immediately noticeable effect (e.g. through deforestation), the effect will nonetheless be present and could become more important if environmental conditions (e.g. global temperature) change. The dissertation also discusses the potential benefits of modelling man-made systems upon the co-operative networks found in Nature. For example, when an agricultural system is changed from monoculture (where a large area of land is used for only one type of crop) to permaculture, its stability, efficiency and sustainability would greatly improve.

106. Main Focuses on the privatization of important conservation lands by Toronto Conservation Authority in the Rouge Park. http://www.blackhole.on.ca/main.htm

107. Gradual Change Can Push Ecosystems Into Collapse - 10/12/2001 - ENN.com Scientists report that after decades of continuous change due to human activity, many of the world's natural ecosystems appear susceptible to sudden catastrophic change. http://www.enn.com/news/enn-stories/2001/10/10122001/s_45241.asp

Site Index: Home News ENN Earthnews Affiliates News In-Depth Topics Interact Online Quizzes Postcards Marketplace Business Center Store Advanced Search Advertise Join ENN e-mail Subscription Take our Survey Affiliate Tech Center Post Press Release Help About ENN Site Map Gradual change can push ecosystems into collapse Friday, October 12, 2001 By Environmental News Network This photo from space shows the shrinking Aral Sea in Central Asia with expanding islands. After decades of continuous change imposed by human activity, many of the world's natural ecosystems appear susceptible to sudden catastrophic change, an international consortium of scientists reported. Coral reefs and tropical forests are vulnerable, as are northern lakes and forests, the team has found. Marten Scheffer, an ecologist at the University of Wageningen in the Netherlands, said, "Models have predicted this, but only in recent years has enough evidence accumulated to tell us that resilience of many important ecosystems has become undermined to the point that even the slightest disturbance can make them collapse." Scheffer is the lead author of the study published Oct. 11 in the scientific journal

108. Urban Ecosystems Urban ecosystems. Cities of the future will embrace the ecology of the landscape, rather than set themselves apart. by John T. Lyle. http://www.context.org/ICLIB/IC35/Lyle.htm

Urban Ecosystems Cities of the future will embrace the ecology of the landscape, rather than set themselves apart by John T. Lyle One of the articles in Designing A Sustainable Future (IC#35) Spring 1993, Page 43 To order this issue ... John T. Lyle is professor of landscape architecture at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, and acting director of the Center for Regenerative Studies. This article includes excerpts from his book Regenerative Design for Sustainable Development , to be published this year by John Wiley and Sons, Inc., and portions of an address delivered to the International Symposium on Cities in Coexistence with the Earth, sponsored by the Council on Urban Ecosystems, Osaka, Japan, September 14, 1990. For thousands of years, cities have existed apart from nature. Why should we begin now to think of cities in terms usually reserved for the natural environment? The fact is, in the world that we've created for ourselves, cities occupy pivotal positions, for better or worse, in the patterns of global ecology. This becomes clear when we put aside our standard images of cities and consider their ecological functions. Cities of the industrial era have consciously excluded natural processes, substituting mechanical devices made possible by intensive use of fossil fuels. Rather than using the solar energy continuously falling on their streets and buildings, they dissipate it as excess heat. At the same time, they import immense quantities of concentrated energy in various forms, most of it derived from petroleum coaxed from the ground in distant landscapes.

109. Abisko Scientific Research Station Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Investigations within many areas of biosciences and geosciences, emphasizing plant ecology and meteorology. Studies on the dynamics of plant populations and to identify the controlling factors at their latitudinal and altitudinal limits. Meteorological projects deal with recent climate changes in the region, and also with local variations of the microclimate in subalpine and alpine ecosystems. http://www.kiruna.se/forskning/ans/

ABISKO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH STATION THE ROYAL SWEDISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Phone: +46(0)980-40021, Fax: +46(0)980-40171, E-mail: ans@ans.kiruna.se Abisko Scientific Research Station SE-981 07 Abisko, Sweden

110. RangeBiome Natural resource and environmental links, tools, news, and views for improving the ecological conditions of public rangeland ecosystems in the USA. http://www.rangebiome.org/

RangeBiome RangeNet Range Watch Search ... Most Overgrazed RangeBiome A Public Rangeland Almanac This page was last updated on February 04, 2004 A Public Rangeland Almanac is an assemblage of natural resource and environmental links, tools, news, and views for improving the ecological conditions of public rangeland ecosystems. RangeNet 2004 Conference Theme to be announced Albuquerque, New Mexico November 12-14, 2004 Polls The American West's Most Overgrazed Public Lands - 2003 Ending Public Land Abuse Permanently Ending Public Lands Ranching About RangeBiome The key words are PUBLIC and RANGELANDS The objectives are ENVIRONMENTAL The center of the world is Post, Oregon - at least as far as RangeBiome is concerned. The story is that a post was placed to mark the geographic center of Oregon, and that is how the little community of Post, Oregon got its name. Over time the content has branched out in many directions, but A Public Rangeland Almanac is a "made in Oregon" product. Who am I? My name is Larry Walker and I was formerly a range conservationist with the Bureau of Land Management. I retired with just under 31 years of federal service on February 1, 1997. For the last 19+ years of that service, my duty station was BLM's Oregon/Washington State Office in Portland, Oregon. Before that, I worked in BLM's Prineville Oregon District after having worked in BLM's Medford Oregon District.

111. SwetsWise: Login Internet Geography GeoTopics - ecosystems ecosystems exist on a variety of scales. An example of a small scale ecosystem (micro) is a pond. The World has many different ecosystems. http://www.swetswise.com/link/access_db?issn=1083-8155

112. Potholes And Vernal Pools As Potential Indicator Systems A technical article about climate change and ephemeral pool ecosystems, with photographs. http://geochange.er.usgs.gov/sw/impacts/biology/vernal/

113. Coastal Program--U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service describes the coastal program and its efforts to conserve fish, wildlife and their habitats to support healthy coastal ecosystems. http://www.fws.gov/cep/cepcode.html

Coastal Program Partnering for Coastal Conservation Contact us Service internet policies What's New: Notice of Availability of Federal Assistance for FY 2004 The Coastal Program is developing a Strategic Plan. Over the next year the Service will be working on the development of a strategic plan for the Coastal Program. We are planning informational meetings with stakeholders as part of this process. For more information... Coastal conservation news: Restore America's Estuaries will hold its 2nd National Conference on Coastal and Estuarine Restoration in Seattle, September 12-15, 2004. For more information check out their site at http://www.estuaries.org/2ndnational conference.php The "What's An Estuary...Now You Know " campaign's goal is to make "estuary" a household word. The Coastal Program focuses the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's efforts in bays, estuaries and watersheds around the U.S. coastline. The purpose of the Coastal Program is to conserve fish and wildlife and their habitats to support healthy coastal ecosystems. The Service provides funding through the program to 16 high-priority coastal ecosystems.

114. Clean Water, Australia And Brazil, Sailors Bay, Environment Cleanwater is a website aimed to increase environmental awareness, provide information to community on how they can prevent pollution at their local waterways and to help people to get involved in ecosystems restoration projects. http://www.cleanwater.net.au

HOME FACTS CASE STUDIES EXCHANGE ... CONTACT The seeds have been planted for an ongoing exchange of ideas and experiences. Streets to Creeks- Sailors Bay is an exciting community program for residents of Castlecrag, Northbridge and Willoughby to help prevent pollution and protect local bushland, creeks and Sailors Bay. Willoughby City Council commenced this program in January 2003 with assistance from the NSW Government's Stormwater Trust... The Cleanwater initiative is about raising awareness of the impacts that human activity has on our waterways. We are generating support from business and the community to encourage pollution prevention as well protecting and restoring our catchment areas. Visit your local Council's web site to find out what they are doing to help save our waterways. cleanwater.net.au is an initiative of Willoughby Council on behalf of Councils and organisations working towards making the environment a cleaner, healthier place. Your local Council is actively pursuing a cleaner environment. Contact them to find out what they are doing and how you can get involved or send us your e-mail in the space above and we will keep you updated.

115. The Impact Of Fire On Ecosystems The Impact of Fire on ecosystems. Jerry Cohen. Humans and Fire. Many ecological climates. The Effects of Fire on ecosystems. Historically http://www.micro.utexas.edu/courses/mcmurry/spring98/10/jerry.html

The Impact of Fire on Ecosystems Jerry Cohen Humans and Fire Many ecological regions of the world are dependent on fire to sustain the natural balance of life. Fire is an important natural phenomenon that encourages the regrowth and diversity of vegetation in the many forests, deserts, and grasslands that cover the Earth’s continents. Much of the plant and tree life in these regions depend on fire to create a domain conducive for growth or, in fact, use fire as a mechanism for germination. Humans populate and make use of many of the world’s regions that depend so heavily on fire to sustain a natural equilibrium. In order to live successfully in accord with nature and get the most out of its resources without depleting them, humans must develop a successful policy of fire management. Proper management involves an accurate knowledge of the several classifications of fire, along with the topography of a region. Fire can be extremely fierce and swift, thus making weather and climate conditions the most important factors in assessing a fire. Before humans inhabited the regions susceptible to fire, weather conditions, e.g. lightning and volcanoes, were the only source for ignition. When humans settled in these regions they used fire in numerous ways to enhance their living conditions. Native Americans, for example, used fire as a tool to clear land and facilitate hunting. On peninsulas, fire could be used to trap animals, or in open regions it could be used to burn cover. The widespread grasslands of California's Yosemite Valley are believed to be a result of 4,000 years of Native American burning. Upon the arrival of the European settlers to the Americas, fire became more of a detriment because populations increased and permanent cities were established. Similarly, regions rich in natural resources served as important economical interests in preventing the destruction land by fires.

116. National Audubon Society National Audubon Society mission is to conserve and restore natural ecosystems, focusing on birds and other wildlife for the benefit of humanity and the earth's biological diversity. Founded in 1905, the National Audubon Society is named for John James Audubon (17851851), famed ornithologist, explorer, and wildlife artist. Many resources and campaigns including forest desktop activist guide. http://www.audubon.org/

var wtl_loc = document.URL.indexOf('https:')==0?'https://a248.e.akamai.net/v/248/2120/1d/download.akamai.com/crs/lgsitewise.js':'http://crs.akamai.com/crs/lgsitewise.js'; document.write(""); var wtl_TagVer = 6; var wtl_FWD = 0; var wtl_url = document.URL; var wtl_title = document.title; var wtl_TagID = 129642; var wtl_SID = "129642"; var wtl_Offset = "-500"; WTL_TAG = new Image; WTL_TAG.ID = "WTL_TAG"; var ORDER= ""; var SERVER= ""; var INVOICE= ""; var CARTVIEW= ""; var CARTADD= ""; var CARTREMOVE= ""; var CHECKOUT= ""; var CARTBUY= ""; var ADCAMPAIGN= ""; wtl_Tag6(wtl_TagID,wtl_SID,wtl_url,wtl_title,"MainContentGroup,SubContentGroup"); wtl_Tag6(wtl_TagID,wtl_SID,wtl_url,wtl_title); About Audubon Take Action Contact Us Home ... Audubon Magazine Featured WatchList Bird Prairie Warbler Visit Audubon Marketplace NEW: Shade-grown Coffee Start your new year with an Audubon Adventure! Maryland Dept. of Natural Resources Fisheries Service Third Snakehead Sighting In Two Weeks in DC Metro Area Audubon calls for passage of the NAISA as Potomac River is invaded by non-native species.

117. Ecosystems ecosystems include all the interacting parts of the environment in an area. In other words, ecology is the study of ecosystems. aquatic biomass pyramid. http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/becosys.htm

Biology Week 25 Day 1 - 2 Day 3 - 4 Lab Reading Assignment This Week's Process Standards: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 4.2, 4.6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 Content Standards: 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2 Instructional Technology Standards: 2.1, 4.1, 4.2 Ecosystem Abiotic Light Climate Greenhouse effect Milankovitch Cycles Obliquity Eccentricity Precession Surface water Ground water Biotic Heat Temperature Calorimeter Thermometer Atmospheric pressure Isobars Wind Convection current Coriolis effect Humidity Relative humidity Dew point Clouds Cumulus Stratus Precipitation Weather Ecology Ecosystems: include all the interacting parts of the environment in an area. What is the greatest change humans have made to the Earth's environment? (20 min) Ecosystem components: (bio lab 275) Abiotic - nonliving components: (15 min) Light - the Sun provides all the energy for an ecosystem. Climate - defined by the long-term combination of temperature and moisture in an area. Man's impact on climate: CO and the Greenhouse Effect Ozone depletion Global climate change: The Milankovitch Cycles obliquity - changes in Earth's tilt between 21.2 and 24.5 degrees

118. Grizzly Bear Ecosystems Project Home Page - Sierra Club The Sierra Club Grizzly Bear ecosystems Project is working to protect and restore wild grizzly populations and their habitat in the lower 48 United States and http://www.sierraclub.org/grizzly/

Select an Issue Clean Water Global Population Human Rights Protect National Forests Responsible Trade Stop Sprawl Stop Global Warming Wildlands Campaign More Issues Select a Place Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Canada Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Fact Sheets Reports Talking Trash Grizzly Guardians ... Contact Us Talking Trash Garbage, pet food, bird feeders, and grills can attract grizzly bears out of the wild and into neighborhoods. As a result, bears are often habituated or "hooked on" these unnatural foods and become labeled as "problem" bears. Find out how the Sierra Club is working to protect bears and people by bear-proofing communities located near Yellowstone National Park. Grizzly Times Newsletter NEW! We're going electronic!!

119. United States Trace Gas Network The TRAGNET network is meant to accomplish the following two goals 1. Document contemporary fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O between regionally important ecosystems and the atmosphere and 2. Determine the factors controlling these fluxes and improve our ability to predict future fluxes in response to ecosystem and climate change. http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/tragnet/

United States Trace Gas Network Welcome to the TRAGNET Home Page The atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) are increasing substantially. These increases are expected to result in global warming and changes in precipitation patterns, and may directly affect terrestrial ecosystems. Our understanding of the contemporary fluxes of these gases between the land and atmosphere is incomplete. There are large regions of the earth for which we have very little information on trace gas fluxes. Furthermore, for no region do we fully understand how global change, including land-use change, will affect gas fluxes. The United States Trace Gas Network(TRAGNET) is meant to accomplish the following two goals: Document contemporary fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O between regionally important ecosystems and the atmosphere Determine the factors controlling these fluxes and improve our ability to predict future fluxes in response to ecosystem and climate change Part of this research is supported by the National Science Foundation.

120. Lesson Plans - Elementary Ecosystems Elementary ecosystems. Overview This lesson teaches students the basics of species interdependency within an ecosystem or habitat. http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/08/gk2/ecosystem.html

Check out: X8: The Eco-Cycle Standard #8: The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface Creative Climates ... Preserving Biodiversity Elementary Ecosystems Alligators and Crocodiles Designing a Native Plants Garden Fish Aren't Afraid of the Dark! Little Red Riding Hood Meets—A Golden Retriever? The Antarctic Food Chain The Incredible Prairie Picture Show Who Am I? Complete Index Elementary Ecosystems Overview: This lesson teaches students the basics of species interdependency within an ecosystem or habitat . Students will perform a simple simulation to see how one species can affect many others, and gain a basic understanding of the importance of biodiversity . For older students, you may want to define and use the word "ecosystem" in the lesson. Connections to the Curriculum: Geography, biology, current events, zoology Connections to the National Geography Standards: Standard 8: "The characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on Earth's surface" Time: Two to three hours Materials Required: Computer with Internet access Photographs of endangered animals (either online or in print) Photographs of human activities that might affect animals' habitats (either online or in print) Drawing materials Objectives: Students will describe the things animals need to survive and the ways in which animals depend on other animals and plants;

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