61. UNCCD Information Network Project Objective is to provide information services on the subject of desertification. Background on the phenomenon, key international documents, and directory of organizations conducting work in this area. http://ag.arizona.edu/cgi-bin/cstccd.cgi

UN Convention to Combat Desertification Information Network Project Find out more about: desertification the UNCCD this project The UN Convention to Combat Desertification defines desertification as: "land degradation in arid, semiarid and subhumid tropics caused by a combination of climatic factors and human activities." Thus, work on desertification-related issues includes a wide range of both sustainable development topics such as local economic development, gender issues, poverty eradication, relief delivery and food security, and scientific topics such as climate change research natural resources management ecology, zoology and botany of arid lands This web site houses the UNCCD Information Network Project Database . The goal of Phase I of this project is to gather, assemble into a database, and provide basic information on institutions, organizations and networks that are currently working on desertification-related issues. This project is being conducted by an international consortium under the auspices of the U.N. Environment Programme. This database can be freely searched by anyone who is interested in learning about desertification-related activities currently being carried out in arid, semiarid, or subhumid tropical regions of the world.

62. Desertification A desertification WebQuest. Who has seen my cows? Who has seen my goats? This scenario is likely to happen if desertification continues. http://education.nmsu.edu/webquest/wq/deserti/Desertification.html

A Desertification WebQuest Who has seen my cows? Who has seen my goats? These leafless trees And this dry land Must be why they left. Youssou N'Dour Introduction Task Resources Topics ... Conclusion Introduction Imagine yourself living in a world where soil is dry, water is scarce, agriculture is difficult, and therefore food is limited. This scenario is likely to happen if desertification continues. Desertification is land degradation that seriously destroys the world's valuable store of productive areas. Find out in detail what desertification is and how we can prevent its negative results on our planet. Back to top The Task Working in small groups of three to five students, you will focus on the causes and the consequences of desertification, as well as the solutions. You will use the WWW to conduct your research. Additionally, you will investigate books, videos, and additional resources about desertification based on research topics explained in "The Research Topics" section. Each group will research one aspect of desertification. Then you will make a presentation at the end of your investigation based on what you have learned about the specific aspect of desertification. Try to be as creative as possible when planning your presentation. Back to top Additional Resources Acorn Naturalists California Deserts ARIDLANDS Newsletter Deserts Desert Environment ... Making Deserts Bloom?

63. ThinkQuest : Library : The Environment: A Global Challenge desertification is the expansion of desert lands into previously nondesert areas. desertification at Work. Photo Credit Olafur Arnalds. http://library.thinkquest.org/26026/Science/desertification.html

Index Earth Science The Environment: A Global Challenge "The Environment: A Global Challenge" is a comprehensive site providing information on many aspects of the environment. There are 400 articles in twelve content sections [ Current Events, Economics, Environmental Problems, Health Concerns, History, Organizations, Science, Statistics and World Outlook]. Articles are interlinked and multimedia and links to outside information often accompany the text. Integrated into each content section and spread out through various other sections are many interactive features, such as simulations, interviews, streaming multimedia, a scientific experimentation center, and systems for adding links and new content enable visitors to experience what they are learning about. Educators can easily and instantly involve their entire class in the site by creating accounts in our Classroom Connection database. Visit Site 1999 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Awards Platinum Languages English Students Michael Kantonsschule Pfdffikon/Nuolen, Pfaeffikon, Switzerland

64. Observatoire Sahara Et Sahel, Sahel And Sahara Observatory Details about mission, objectives and structure of OSS, an organization striving to build up an African arena for cooperation and exchange to combat desertification and poverty. Available in English and Freanch. http://www.unesco.org/oss/

65. Desertification desertification Backgrounder. desertification practices. Many of the problems associated with deforestation are linked to desertification. http://www.lehigh.edu/~kaf3/books/reporting/desert.html

Desertification Backgrounder Desertification is a process whereby the productivity of drought- prone land decreases because of a variety of factors including deforestation, overcultivation, drought, overgrazing (poor rangeland management), poor irrigation (waterlogging and salinization), soil erosion, chemical action and other practices. Many of the problems associated with deforestation are linked to desertification. Some analysts believe desertification is only a phase in a natural climatic process that does not receive attention because it is occurs slowly and over the long term. Others believe that "Drought triggers a crisis, but does not cause it. Overcultivation and overgrazing weaken the land, allowing no margin when drought arrives. Thus high human pressure will continue during the drought, leading ultimately to even greater and more visible damage to the land than the deaths of large numbers of animals." (Grainger) The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) estimates that the world will lose one-third of its arable lands through desertification by the end of the century. About 1 million hectares in Asia are subject to desertification. Most of the 82 to 92 per cent of this Asian soil resource affected by drought, mineral stress, shallow depth, excess water and permafrost is in south and southeast Asia. The countries suffering most from desertification are Bangladesh, China and India.

66. Medalus.leeds.ac.uk/medalus.html August 5, 2003 China Losing War With Advancing Deserts A Chinese scientist doing grassland research in the prefecture says that if recent desertification trends continue, Xilingol will be uninhabitable in 15 years. http://medalus.leeds.ac.uk/medalus.html

67. Bright Edges Of The World Smithsonian Institution electronic exhibit about deserts and other arid and subhumid environments, emphasizing desertification and other degradation and its consequences. http://www.nasm.si.edu/ceps/drylands/

Welcome to an electronic exhibit about the world's drylands. Drylands include arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas all over the world. The aim of this exhibit is to show the importance these environments have in the lives of people everywhere, and the threats they face. Please choose a section of the exhibit below.

68. Environmental Issues Site - Information About Environmental Issues IDRC Booktique CRDI Browsing Grassroots Indicators for Grassroots Indicators for desertification Experience and Perspectives from Eastern and Southern Africa edited by Helen Hambly and Tobias Onweng Angura. http://environment.miningco.com/msubdes.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Environmental Issues Home Essentials ... Glossary zau(256,152,180,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Activism Climate Change Energy Sources Globalization ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Environmental Issues newsletter. Search Environmental Issues From Lara JillRosenblith Your Guide to Environmental Issues Greenpeace Confronts ExxonMobil: Redux On the eve of ExxonMobil's Annual General Shareholder's Meeting in Dallas, Texas, Greenpeace projected 100 foot images of floods, storms and other impacts of global warming on the building where shareholders will gather. The projected messages included such statements as "Global warming fueled by ExxonMobil.” Read about ExxonMobil's blatant efforts to undermine the Kyoto Protocol and other solutions to global warming in Denial and Deception Read about why ExxonMobil is suing Greenpeace and 36 individuals over a peaceful protest at Exxon's headquarters in Irving, Texas last May. Tuesday May 25, 2004

69. Desert.html desertification. In the anomaly case, the troposphere is cooler across most of the tropics and subtropics, including all areas where desertification occurs. http://grads.iges.org/res/proj10/proj10.html

Desertification The deserts of the world shift and change size over time, in response to both natural and anthropogenic fluctuations. Possible feedbacks between desert margin changes and the regional climate have been hypothesized (Charney et al., 1977) and are an active area of research. Our previous work on the problem of the prolonged Sahel drought has shown that, while there may be a link between the global SST and decadal precipitation regions over Africa, there is also strong evidence that the expansion of the Sahara Desert is a self-perpetuating climate change. We are continuing to refine this study as well as looking at prolonged drought in other regions and the possible climatic consequences of worldwide desert expansion. Sahel drought Long term (16 month) integrations at R40L18 resolution have been completed. The results are consistent with those from our seasonal integrations and show that the land surface changes significantly impact the annual hydrologic cycle. We also used the R15L18 model to test the effects of SST on the Sahel drought. The low resolution model showed very poor performance in the region, and was unable to simulate the observed seasonal variations in the Sahel. Inner Mongolian grassland Motivated by the Inner Mongolia Grassland-Atmosphere Surface Study (IMGRASS), an observational campaign in China, we conducted a number of numerical experiments to test the impact of desertification in Inner Mongolia on the East Asian summer monsoon. This study shows that after the land surface conditions were changed in the Inner Mongolian grassland, the rainfall in northern China was significantly reduced. To the south of the dry area, there was an area with a positive rainfall anomaly. A second dry area was located further south. This pattern is consistent with the rainfall difference between the 1980s and the 1950s in the east Asian region. This work was presented at the 1993 Fall AGU meeting, the 1994 European GEWEX conference and will be updated at the 1995 AMS Conference on Global Change.

70. Earthprint.com - Environmental Books And Publications From UNEP And Key Internat desertification (21 titles) 1. desertification Control Bulletin No. 36 desertification Control Bulletin No. 2. desertification Control Bulletin No. http://www.earthprint.com/cgi-bin/ncommerce3/CategoryDisplay?cgrfnbr=21117&cgmen

71. Earthprint.com - Environmental Books And Publications From UNEP And Key Internat desertification Control Bulletin No. 36 UNEP Year of Price USD 20.00. Continue shopping in desertification Return to home page, http://www.earthprint.com/cgi-bin/ncommerce3/ProductDisplay?prrfnbr=25812&prmenb

72. Eldis Desertification Guide EPA desertification in the Mediterranean Region Dialogue countries (ie Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Mauritania, Morocco, and Tunisia) to exchange information about the issue of desertification in the http://nt1.ids.ac.uk/eldis/deser/deser.htm

Major sources Desertification online Desertification in print This guide offers a more structured overview of the subject than is possible through the search option. Major sources (which include descriptions of organisations, databases and discussion lists) are arranged into useful groups. To save you time, we have also prepared searches using a set of appropriate search terms to find full-text documents available online (including sections of WWW sites) and bibliographical references to printed publications (books, journal articles, working papers, etc) held in the British Library for Development Studies. A brief overview of issues in the sector , prepared by IDS students Eldis Home Page Search Eldis Other subject guides on Eldis Bibliographical search ... Feedback

73. African Deforestation And Desertification AFRICAN DEFORESTATION AND desertification. Linda Zeiler. Evaluation. group participation; individual or group maps. ACTIVITY 5 desertification Simulation. Overview. http://fga.freac.fsu.edu/academy/afdefor.htm

Part of the Geographic Education and Technology Program's collection of lesson plans AFRICAN DEFORESTATION AND DESERTIFICATION Linda Zeiler Table of Contents: Activity 1 - The Sahel: A Growing Problem Activity 2 - Where Are Africa's Endangered Lands? Activity 3 - Desert Community Model Activity 4 - Creating a Map of a Desert Model ... Activity 10 - Students as Teachers of Geography This unit will employ the geographic perspective to identify, analyze and predict solutions for the geographic issues of deforestation and desertification in Africa. Grade: Time: 2-3 weeks CONNECTION TO CHALLENGES AND CHOICES This unit provides a systematic observation and analysis of deforestation and desertification using geographic themes, concepts, and generalizations. STUDENT PERFORMANCE STANDARDS The learner will: Explain how geographic factors affect a nation's cultural, economic, and political features. Recognize basic human universal needs (food, clothing, shelter and a sense of belonging) though these needs may be met in different ways. Explain how people of the world are linked by transportation, technology, and communication and how they help fulfill each other's needs and are dependent on each other.

74. GTZ - Combating Desertification Home, desertification stands for land degradation in the world s drylands. About 20% of the world s population occupying almost one http://www.gtz.de/desert/english/

Home Introduction Convention Issues GTZ-CCD project ... Land Management Themes gtz home Home Desertification stands for land degradation in the world's drylands. About 20% of the world's population occupying almost one third of the earth's surface are affected by desertification. In the afflicted regions, desertification destroys the natural basis of life and leads to malnutrition, poverty, migration and increasing land conflicts. Combating desertification therefore includes a wide range of measures and contributes to combat poverty, to structural reforms and to sustainable development. On behalf of: GTZ Homepage Contact Search Links

75. Network For Research To Combat Desertification Translate this page http://www.desertnet.de/

76. UN Convention To Combat Desertification The United Nations Convention to Combat desertification A New Response to an AgeOld Problem. The Environmental Problem - desertification and Its Causes. http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/sustdev/desert.htm

Backgrounder The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification: A New Response to an Age-Old Problem The Environmental Problem - Desertification and Its Causes One quarter of the earth's land is threatened by desertification, according to estimates by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The livelihoods of over 1 billion people in more than 100 countries are also jeopardized by desertification, as farming and grazing land becomes less productive. Desertification does not mean that deserts are steadily advancing or taking over neighbouring land. As defined by the UN Convention, desertification is a process of "land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities". Patches of degraded land may develop hundreds of kilometres from the nearest desert. But these patches can expand and join together, creating desert-like conditions. Desertification contributes to other environmental crises, such as the loss of biodiversity and global warming. Most of the endangered dryland regions lie near the world's five main desert areas: The Sonoran Desert of northwest Mexico and its continuation into the southwest United States;

77. United Nations Division For Sustainable Development- Sustainable Development Iss desertification and Drought. Deserts are among the fragile ecosystems addressed by Agenda 21, and, specifically, combating desertification http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/sdissues/desertification/desert.htm

Home About Us Commission on Sustainable ... Search Desertification and Drought Deserts are among the "fragile ecosystems" addressed by Agenda 21, and, specifically, "combating desertification and drought" is the subject of Chapter 12 . Desertification is land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry subhumid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities. Desertification affects as much as one-sixth of the world’s population, seventy percent of all drylands, and one-quarter of the total land area of the world. It results in widespread poverty as well as in the degradation of billion hectares of rangeland and cropland. The priority in combating desertification should be on protecting lands that are not yet degraded or which are only slight degraded. The severely degraded areas, however, should not be neglected. (paras 12.1-12.3) Combating desertification and drought was discussed by the Commission at its third session and by the General Assembly at its nineteenth Special Session. In the framework of the Commission’s multi-year work programme, it will again be taken up in the context of the integrated planning and management of land resources at the CSD’s eighth session, in 2000.

78. Desertification : Webguide & Research desertification. Introduction Overview. introduction desertification threatens nearly one quarter of the land surface of the globe. http://www.worldrevolution.org/guide/desertification

world revolution home global issues in-depth Desertification introduction overview factsheets, In-depth Resource Guide articles, documents, factsheets, organizations, programs, and other informational websites introduction

79. Senate Ratifies Desertification Treaty, 22 Others (M) indicates member section. Senate ratifies desertification Treaty, 33 others. Article 37 of the Convention on desertification is such an Article. http://www.sovereignty.net/p/land/treaties.shtml

Membership Preview eco-logic on-line Become a member? Wednesday, May 26, indicates audio link (M) indicates member section Senate ratifies Desertification Treaty, 33 others eco-logic report Editor's note: This article first appeared in the November 1 issue of eco-logic . It has caused substantial controversy. Callers to Senator Thomas' office were told that he had nothing to do with the ratification. Other Senators told callers that the treaty had not been ratified. Clearly, this treaty slipped through the process without adequate review, and without the knowledge of some of the Senators who voted for it. On December 8, Senator Thomas' office called to explain that it was he who happened to be on the floor late in the afternoon of October 18, and was asked to "handle" the package procedurally. His office has inquired of the Foreign Relations Committee to find out how why the treaty was included in the package. I n the last days of the 106 th Congress, the U.S. Senate ratified 34 treaties - without debate, without a vote, and almost without notice. Most of the treaties were between the U.S. and a single other nation, having to do with treatment of criminals, stolen vehicles, and other single-issue matters. Two of the treaties, however, have much broader implications: the International Plant Protection Convention , adopted at the World Conference on Food and Agriculture in Rome in 1997, and the Convention on Desertification , adopted in Paris, in 1994.

80. 6.6 Desertification 6.6 desertification. desertification is a process where the productive potential of arid and semiarid land is reduced by the activities of humans. http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/conted/onlinecourses/geog_210/210_6_6.html

Geography 210: Introduction to Environmental Issues 6.6 Desertification Desertification is a process where the productive potential of arid and semi-arid land is reduced by the activities of humans. It is a serious and growing problem in many regions of the world including: sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, western Asia, northern Mexico and south-eastern South America, western United States, prairies of Canada, and eastern Australia. Scientists estimate that 60,000 square kilometers of new desert are now annually created worldwide. Desertification occurs when the natural vegetation cover is reduced in its cover and the topsoil becomes susceptible to erosion . The removal of the vegetation and topsoil then initiates a number of other problems including: increase surface runoff and stream discharge reduction of water infiltration and groundwater recharge development of erosional gullies and sand dunes change in the surface microclimate that enhances aridity drying up of wells and springs reduction in seed germination of native plants The effects of desertification can be reversed in many cases. Reversal begins by halting the activities that created the desertification. In many parts of the world

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