21. Eclipsing Binary Stars ECLIPSING binary stars. This web page has moved to another site but this page will remain active for a while longer without updates. What are binary stars? http://www.isc.tamu.edu/~astro/binstar.html

E CLIPSING B INARY S TARS This web page has moved to another site but this page will remain active for a while longer without updates. Your web browser will move to the new site in 10 seconds. Online Articles Photometry of 68 Herculis Watching Beta Lyrae Evolve A Simple Model for Computing Light Curves Beta Lyrae Observations Software Binary Stars Free astronomical software for Macintosh computers, complete with manuals, teaching binary star concepts, for classroom or personal use. Eclipsing Binary Stars 1.0a2 Dan's Windows program that computes light curves using a spherical star model and shows a simple animation. (258K) Binary v3.0 Dan's DOS program that simulates eclipsing binary stars and displays light curves. More Programs World Wide Information Tools for Variable Stars JAVA Simulations of Binary Stars The Astronomer Online - Variables Variable Star Email Explosions ... IAPPP What are Binary Stars? Most stars are found in groups of stars that are gravitationally bound with each other. The majority of these stars are found in binary systems which are systems of two stars in orbit around a common center of mass. One can classify binary stars based on their appearance from earth. Stars that are far enough apart to be distinguished from each other are known as

22. Binary Stars -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Astronomy binary stars. binary stars. binary stars are stars which are gravitationally bound to each other and which the center of mass. binary stars may be detected by brightness variations http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~eww6n/astro/BinaryStars.html

Stars Binary Stars Binary Stars Binary stars are stars which are gravitationally bound to each other and which orbit the center of mass. Binary stars may be detected by brightness variations when their orbital plane is along the line of sight so that one eclipses the other ( eclipsing binary ), spectral changes as one star occults the other ( spectroscopic binary ), high angular resolution interferometric measurements, or visually if sufficiently separated ( visual binary Cataclysmic Variable Eclipsing Binary Spectroscopic Binary ... Visual Binary

23. Eclipsing Binary Stars (Article) ECLIPSING binary stars. A Simple Model for Computing Light Curves. INTRODUCTION. Eclipsing binary stars are just one several types of variable stars. http://www.isc.tamu.edu/~astro/ebstar/ebstar.html

This web page has moved to another site but this page will remain active for a while longer without updates. Your web browser will move to the new site in 10 seconds. ECLIPSING BINARY STARS A Simple Model for Computing Light Curves Dan Bruton astro@tamu.edu Last updated on December 19, 1995 INTRODUCTION Eclipsing binary stars are just one several types of variable stars. These stars appear as a single point of light to an observer, but based on its brightness variation and spectroscopic observations we can say for certain that the single point of light is actually two stars in close orbit around one another. The variations in light intensity from eclipsing binary stars is caused by one star passing in front of the other relative to an observer. If we assume that the stars are spherical and that they have circular orbits, then we can easily approximate how the light varies as a function of time for eclipsing binary stars. These calculations can be performed in a relatively short computer program. THE ORBIT AND STAR PARAMETERS A brightness versus time plot for a variable star is know as light curve . For close binary systems, time is usually expressed as

24. Binary Star Simulation ORBITING binary stars. http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~dmw/ast102/Java/binary.htm

O RBITING B INARY S TARS Description Instructions Example to try Astronomy 101/103 Cornell University Terry Herter You need a JAVA enabled browser to view this simulation. This simulation is a bit unstable and may bring down the machine you are running. DESCRIPTION: Allows you to set the masses, orbital separation, orbital eccentricity, the inclination angle to our line of sight, and the angle of the nodes of an orbiting star pair. You see the privileged (from above the orbit) and the earth view of the system (which depends on the inclination angle). The observed velocities of the two stars, and the Doppler shifted spectral lines (as seen against the combined continuum from the two stars) are also shown in the upper right box. The spectral lines associated with each star are indicated and the unshifted line positions are also marked. The movement of the spectral lines against the continuum has been greatly exaggerated for display purposes, and the difference in brightness of the two stars has been ignored. We have the following definitions: Mass 1 or Mass 2 The mass of each of the two stars.

25. IAU Commission 42 Organization based in Hungary that studies binary stars. http://www.konkoly.hu:80/IAUC42/

INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION COMMISSION 42. CLOSE BINARY STARS (ETOILES BINARIES SERREES) Together with Commission 27: Variable Stars , Commission 42 is part of Division V: Variable Stars of the International Astronomical Union The Web page of Commission 42 is valid for the term 2003 to 2006 and maintained by Andras Holl and Attila Sragli at Konkoly Observatory , Hungary. Last change made on Tuesday April 20 13:38:48 MEST 2004.

26. Binary Stars binary stars Planet s revolve around stars because of gravity. binary stars obey Kepler s Laws of Planetary Motion, of which there are three. http://zebu.uoregon.edu/~js/ast222/lectures/lec05.html

Binary Stars Planet's revolve around stars because of gravity. However, gravity is not restricted to between large and small bodies, stars can revolve around stars as well. In fact, 85% of the stars in the Milky Way galaxy are not single stars, like the Sun, but multiple star systems, binaries or triplets. If two stars orbit each other at large separations, they evolve independently and are called a wide pair . If the two stars are close enough to transfer matter by tidal forces, then they are called a close or contact pair Binary stars obey Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion, of which there are three. 1st law (law of elliptic orbits): Each star or planet moves in an elliptical orbit with the center of mass at one focus. Ellipses that are highly flattened are called highly eccentric. Ellipses that are close to a circle have low eccentricity. 2nd law (law of equal areas): a line between one star and the other (called the radius vector) sweeps out equal areas in equal times This law means that objects travel fastest at the low point of their orbits, and travel slowest at the high point of their orbits. 3rd law (law of harmonics): The square of a star or planet's orbital period is proportional to its mean distance from the center of mass cubed It is this last law that allows us to determine the mass of the binary star system (note only the sum of the two masses).

27. Binary Star - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia a real double star the union of two stars that are formed together in one system by the laws of attraction. At present, binary stars are classified into http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_star

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Page history ... Printable version Not logged in Log in Help Other languages: Deutsch Italiano Nederlands Binary star From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A binary star system consists of two stars both orbiting around a gravitational point between them. The term "binary star" was apparently first coined by Sir William Herschel in to designate "a real double star - the union of two stars that are formed together in one system by the laws of attraction." At present, binary stars are classified into four types according to their observable properties: visual binaries spectroscopic binaries eclipsing binaries and astrometric binaries . Any star can belong to several of these classes, e.g., several spectroscopic binaries are also eclipsing binaries. Another three-category classification is based on the distance of the stars: detached binaries semidetached binaries and contact binaries During the past 200 years a large amount of research has been carried out on binary stars leading to some general conclusions. It is believed that at least a quarter of all stars are at least binary systems, with as many as 10% of these systems containing more than two stars (ternary etc.) There is a direct correlation between the period of revolution of a binary star and the eccentricity of its orbit , with systems of short period having smaller eccentricity. Binary stars may be found with any conceivable separation, from pairs orbiting so closely that they are practically in contact with each other, to pairs so distantly separated that their connection is indicated only by their common

28. The Village Voice: Music: Binary Stars By Carol Cooper Sensually syncopative Brazilian and American alter egos do their part for global warming binary stars by Carol Cooper April 26th, 2004 830 PM http://www.villagevoice.com/issues/0417/cooper.php

VOICE In Focus Torture Scandal Election 2004 Gay Marriage George W. Bush ... Civil Liberties article search home features citystate letters ... advertising VOICE Giveaways MTV Trip for two to the 2004 MTV Movie Awards show in L.A. Music Pair of tickets to see Dick Dale at B.B. King's Film Screenings The Chronicles of Riddick Performance Tickets to see Cirque du Soleil's Alegria Nightlife Win a Night on the Town prize package click links to win! Sponsored Links Free Cellular Phone Payday Loans $$Cash Advance Bad Credit Loans ... Discount Hotels music recent reviews Select a Review ... John Abercrombie Aerosmith Laurie Anderson Devendra Banhart Bill Charlap Trio Branford Marsalis David Byrne Cee-Lo Charles Lloyd/Billy Higgins Chromatics Nikki Cleary Cocorosie John Conlee Jamie Cullum The Cure Dead Prez Deathprod Fefe Dobson The Double Dykehouse Bob Dylan Electrelane Fennesz Franz Ferdinand Freddy Fresh Ghostface Killah Gift Of Gab Philip Glass Gretchen Wilson JC Chasez Jet Elvin Jones Kenny Chesney Ben Kweller Little Richard Living Things Local H Lindsay Lohan Loretta Lynn Magnetic Fields Mahjongg Meredith Monk Metal Boys Featuring China Mission Of Burma Montgomery Gentry Morrissey Mr. Airplane Man

29. IAU Symposium 200 : The Formation Of Binary Stars : Potsdam April 10-15 2000 The Formation of binary stars. 200 The Formation of binary stars was held from April 10 to 15, 2000 in Potsdam (Germany), organized by the AIP. http://www.aip.de/IAU200/

IAU Symposium 200 The Formation of Binary Stars Potsdam, Germany April 10-15 2000 The IAU Symposium no. 200 "The Formation of Binary Stars" was held from April 10 to 15, 2000 in Potsdam (Germany), organized by the AIP First announcement Final scientific programme The conference poster ... The list of posters Important dates: Deadline for registration, abstracts, and application for financial support: Wed, Dec 15th, 1999 Submission of poster papers: Sun, Feb 20th, 2000 Symposium takes place: Mon, Apr 10th - Sat, Apr 15th, 2000 Deadline for submission of papers: Wed, Jun 14th, 2000 Deadline for hotel registrations with guaranteed room rates: Thu, 10th Feb, 2000 Scientific organising committee: Chairpersons: H. Zinnecker, co-chair R. Mathieu, co-chair Members: P. Artymowicz A. Boss J. Bouvier C. Clarke A. Dutrey A. Ghez P. Kroupa C. Leinert S. Miyama B. Reipurth M. Simon A. Tokovinin A. Whitworth Local contact information Hans Zinnecker, SOC co-chair Mark McCaughrean, LOC member Christiane Rein, secretary Phone: +49 (0)331 7499 347 Phone: +49 (0)331 7499 525 Phone +49 (0)331 7499 382 Fax: +49 (0)331 7499 267 E-mail: hzinnecker@aip.de

30. ASTR 103: Stellar - Binary Star Evolution scenario; Stage 1 Close binary stars of different masses; Rotating in addition to orbital motion; Stars start main sequence evolution about same time. More massive http://www.physics.gmu.edu/classinfo/astr103/CourseNotes/Html/Lec06/Lec06_pt4_st

ASTR 103 - Astronomy Stellar - Binary Star Evolution Latest Modification: December 6, 1999 Roche Surface for Binaries Roche surface - revolution of binary and mutual gravitational attraction results in teardrop-shaped surface surrounding binary Gravity binds matter inside Roche surface to one or both stars Size of Roche surface depends on masses and separation Lagrangian points - five points exist inside and outside Roche surface where intensity of gravitational attraction by both stars is balanced L1 = stable point, through which matter can flow between stars Mass Transfer in Binary Systems Stars in binaries can transfer mass to other star Matter transferred through inner Lagrangian point (L1) Mass expelled by stellar winds Evolution causes star to expand and filled its Roche lobe Evolution leads to rapid transfer of mass Mass transfer can alter course of stellar evolution For star loosing mass And for star gaining mass Evolution of Close Binary One possible scenario Stage 1 Close binary Stars of different masses Rotating in addition to orbital motion Stars start main sequence evolution about same time More massive star reaches hydrogen exhaustion first Stage 2 More massive star reaches hydrogen exhaustion Starts core contraction and envelope expansion Evolves toward red giant phase More massive star fills Roche lobe Transfers some mass to less massive star through inner Lagrangian point Stage 3 More massive star transfers much of its mass to less massive star Originally more massive star finishes mass transfer

31. BINARY STARS English Version. Introduction. Observational Parameters. Chronometric Micrometer. Angular micrometer. Measurements New ! article about elemental statistics. http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Runway/8879/englishindex.html

English Version Introduction Observational Parameters Chronometric Micrometer Angular micrometer Measurements New ! article about elemental statistics Bibliography and Links Photographs Software Download Software EFEBIN ( Bajar EFEBIN ) New !!! New version 2003 !!!, Now available EFEBIN v.2003 in english version !!!. Please, write your criticisms and suggestions to this web site, or solicit EFEBIN free , to the following address: aerusso@yahoo.com Mr. Alejandro Eduardo Russo) and I will be glad to respond Thanks for visit this page ! BACK ( Volver )

32. BINARY STARS The binary stars”, by Robert G. Aitken (1964). “Some Bright Visual binary stars”, by Jean Meeus, Sky and Telescope, January and February 1971. http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Runway/8879/englishbibliography.html

English Version BIBLIOGRAPHY AND LINKS: books magazine web link Books: * "The Binary Stars”, by Robert G. Aitken (1964). * "The Double Star Observer's Handbook”, by Ronald C. Tanguay (1998). * “Observing Binary and Double Stars”, by Bob Argyle, Webb Society, 2002. * "Observación de estrellas dobles por aficionados”, by José Luis Comellas, Agrupación Astronómica Albireo ( July 1983 ). ( in spanish ) * “Astronomical Formulae for calculators”, by Jean Meeus ( 1985 ). * "Astronomical Algorithms", second edition, by Jean Meeus ( 2000 ). * "Medidas Micrométricas de Estrelas Duplas em 1959-1960”, by Freitas Mourau ( 1960 ). ( in portuguese ) * “Index Catalogue of Visual Double Stars, 1961.0”, by Hamilton M. Jeffers and Willem H. Van den Bos, with Frances M. Greeby ( I.D.S. ). Mount Hamilton, California. Publications of Lick Observatory ( 1963 ). * “The Astronomical Almanac, 2001”, by U.S.N.O. . * “Astronomie Générale” ( 1952-1953, Paris, pag. 42 ), by Danjon A. ( in french ) * “Fourth Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binary Stars”, by Charles E. Worley and Wulff D. Heintz, U.S.N.O. (1983).

33. Binary Star Orbit Calculator BINARY STAR ORBIT CALCULATOR. Spreadsheet by Brian Workman. Sixth Catalog of Orbits of Visual binary stars data uploaded by Tom Polakis. http://www.psiaz.com/polakis/binaries.html

34. Binary Stars Simple explanation of binary stars in the framework of the history of the Universe. Physical Environment binary stars. http://www.historyoftheuniverse.com/binaries.html

Basic Information Further Information Other Hotu Pages Questions, Answers, Comments Physical Environment ... Later This site tells the story of the history of the universe. Click Earlier and Later to follow the story. Note: Many facts have been simplified to make them easier to understand. More than half of all stars have one or more close companion stars, to which it is tied by gravity . When there are only two stars in orbit around each other they are called a binary star. When there are three or more they are called a multiple star. The closer the stars are together the faster they move. The time it takes for them to go round each other varies from days to years. Some binaries are so close that gravity pulls gas from one to the other, forming an accretion disc around the smaller star in a binary system. This releases X-ray s. A nova may also be formed by binary stars. Like this web site? Get the pocket book version with comprehensive index for only $8! Earlier 12 Billion Years ago Later ... Physical Environment Basic Information Further Information Other Hotu Pages Questions, Answers, Comments

35. Binary Star True binary stars are distinct from optical doubles—pairs of stars that lie nearly along the same line of sight from the earth but are not physically http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/sci/A0807587.html

Encyclopedia binary star binary star or binary system, mass-luminosity relation . Although most binary stars have distance between them, the components of W Ursae Majoris binaries are actually in contact with each other, their mutual gravity distorting their shapes into teardrops. There are binary systems in which one member is a pulsar : PSR 1913+16, for example, has an orbital period of 7 hr 45 min; in this case the other star is also a neutron star . The orbit period decreases as the system loses energy in the form of gravitational waves; used as a clock to measure the effect of the curvature of space-time on the binary's orbit, such a system confirms Einstein's theory of general relativity. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Print this page Cite this page AD AD AD ADS Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search to your site ... Privacy Brought to you by:

36. ASU - Noble Science And Engineering Library - BINARY STARS stars, Related Terms binary stars, Cataclysmic variable stars, Eclipsing binaries, Xray binaries, Specific names of double stars (eg, Cygnus X-3, SS433). http://www.asu.edu/lib/noble/space/binary.htm

Science Reference Room BINARY STARS (NASA photo) TABLE OF CONTENTS FINDING INFORMATION IN NOBLE LIBRARY INTERNET RESOURCES FINDING INFORMATION IN NOBLE LIBRARY Subject Categories Broad and Specific Terms Double stars Related Terms : Binary stars, Cataclysmic variable stars, Eclipsing binaries, X-ray binaries, Specific names of double stars (e.g., Cygnus X-3, SS433) Indexes and Abstracts for Journal Articles : The best index is Inspec . Also Science Citation Index Expanded is a good source. For full text online use EBSCOHost INTERNET RESOURCES CONTENTS BINARY LIBRARY ECLIPSING BINARY STARS HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE IMAGES ROSSI X-RAY TIMING EXPLORER ... BINARY LIBRARY This CHARA (Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy) web site provides a bibliography on binary stars for sources form 1993 through 1996. Abstracts are included, and most are English language sources, though a few are in French. Other resources and links are provided as well. Neither the library nor the CHARA web pages can be accessed directly. Therefore, when you have entered this site click on CHARA, and then the Double Star Library. ECLIPSING BINARY STARS Online articles of the Photometry of 68 Herculis Watching Beta Lyrae Evolve A Simple Model for Computing Light Curves , and Beta Lyrae Observations are included at this web site. There are also software that can be downloaded for light curve computation and simple animation, world wide links on variable stars and binaries, a double star library, and more.

37. Sixth Orbit Catalog Sixth Catalog of Orbits of Visual binary stars. William I. Hartkopf Brian D. Mason US Naval Observatory, Washington, DC. (last update 24 March 2004). http://ad.usno.navy.mil/wds/orb6.html

Sixth Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binary Stars U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, DC (last update: 24 March 2004) Fifth Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binary Stars . That catalog, containing orbits published through 1 January 2001, is one of four USNO double star catalogs recently written to CD-ROM. Copies of this CD-ROM are available upon request . Although still available on the web as well, the Fifth Catalog has been supplanted by the Sixth Catalog , so will no longer be updated. The Sixth Catalog presently includes 1,811 orbits of 1,733 systems (from a "master file" currently containing 5,178 orbits). All orbits have been graded on a 1 - 5 scale, as in earlier catalogs; the grading scheme has been modified, however, as described below. Ephemerides are included for all orbits, as are plots including all associated data in the current Washington Double Star database. Contents: Introduction Orbit grading method Description of the catalog Catalog statistics ... Calibration Candidates Your comments regarding either style or substance are welcome. Please inform the authors of any errors you run across in the catalog, as well as missing orbits, etc. We would also welcome notification (and/or copies) of any newly published elements.

38. Fourth Interferometric Catalog Fourth Catalog of Interferometric Measurements of binary stars. William I. Hartkopf, Brian D. Mason, Gary L. Wycoff US Naval Observatory http://ad.usno.navy.mil/wds/int4.html

Double Star Library Homepage Commission 26 ... Editor Fourth Catalog of Interferometric Measurements of Binary Stars U.S. Naval Observatory, Washington, DC Harold A. McAlister Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 (last update: 31 December 2003) Notice: The Third Catalog of Interferometric Measurements of Binary Stars , containing data published through 1 January 2001, is one of four USNO double star catalogs recently written to CD-ROM. Copies of this CD-ROM are available upon request . Although still available on the web as well, the Third Catalog has been supplanted by the Fourth Catalog , so will no longer be updated. The following description is adapted from a paper by Hartkopf et al. (2001, AJ, 122, 3480.) The Fourth Catalog of Interferometric Measurements of Binary Stars includes all published measures of binary and multiple star systems obtained by high-resolution techniques (speckle interferometry, photoelectric occultation timings, etc.), as well as negative examinations for duplicity, as of 22 December 2003. A brief summary and statistical analysis of the contents of the catalog follow. Introduction The Fourth Catalog of Interferometric Measurements of Binary Stars began in 1982 as an internal database at the Georgia State University Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA), tabulating binary star observations made using the technique of speckle interferometry by that group's speckle camera. The

39. PROJECT CLEA ECLIPSING BINARY STARS Clea Home Page, ECLIPSING binary stars, Please sign our mailing list. MAC VERSION. Required Software. Click Filename to Download Or Icon http://www.gettysburg.edu/academics/physics/clea/binstlab.html

40. Chandra :: Field Guide To X-ray Astronomy :: Binary And Multiple Star Systems Binary and Multiple Star Systems. These socalled binary stars have played an important role in many areas of astronomy, especially X-ray astronomy. http://chandra.harvard.edu/xray_sources/binary_stars.html

Binary and Multiple Star Systems Chandra X-ray image of Sirius A (upper right) and Sirius B (lower left) (NASA/SAO/CXC) Stars, like people, are seldom found in isolation. More than 80% of all stars are members of multiple star systems containing two or more stars. Exactly how these systems are formed is not well understood. Some are thought to form when a collapsing cloud of gas breaks apart into two or more clouds which then become stars, or when one star captures another as a result of a grazing collision, or by a close encounter with two or more other stars. The most common multiple star systems are those with two stars. These so-called binary stars have played an important role in many areas of astronomy, especially X-ray astronomy. CXC Home Search Help Site Map ... Web Awards [News by email: Chandra Digest [Contact us: cxcpub@cfa.harvard.edu

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