1. Acid Rain acid rainA Contemporary World Problem. acid rain is one of the most dangerous and widespread forms of pollution. Sometimes called "the unseen plague " acid rain can go undetected in an area for years. area for years. Technically, acid rain is rain that has a larger amount of acid in it http://www.geocities.com/narilily/acidrain.html

Acid RainA Contemporary World Problem Acid rain is one of the most dangerous and widespread forms of pollution. Sometimes called "the unseen plague," acid rain can go undetected in an area for years. Technically, acid rain is rain that has a larger amount of acid in it than what is normal. The acidity of rain in parts of Europe and North America has dramatically increased over the past few decades. It is now common in many places for rain to be ten to seventy times more acid than unpolluted rain. Many living and non-living systems become harmed and damaged as a result of acid rain. This website gives an informational, in-depth look at acid rainit's causes and effects; and solutions to the acid rain problem. Causes of Acid Rain Acid rain is caused by smoke and gases that are given off by factories and cars that run on fossil fuels. When these fuels are burned to produce energy, the sulfur that is present in the fuel combines with oxygen and becomes sulfur dioxide; some of the nitrogen in the air becomes nitrogen oxide. These pollutants go into the atmosphere, and become acid. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are produced especially when coal is burnt for fuel. Burning coal produces electricity, and the more electricity that people use, the more coal is burnt. Of course, nowadays people probably couldn't live without electricity, so coal will continue to be burnt; but electricity and energy are constantly being

2. EPA's Clean Air Market Programs - Acid Rain acid rain. En Español. What is acid rain and What Causes It? acid rain is a broad term used to describe several ways that acids fall out of the atmosphere. http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/acidrain/

Clean Air Markets - Environmental Issues Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Clean Air Markets Environmental Issues Acid Rain ... Students and Teachers Acid Rain Acid rain is a serious environmental problem that affects large parts of the US and Canada. This section of the Web site provides information about acid rain's causes and effects, how we measure acid rain, and what is being done to solve the problem. What is acid rain and what causes it? How do we measure acid rain? What are acid rain's effects? How do we reduce acid rain? ... Lesson plans for K-12 from the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission Note: If you're looking for the Student Sourcebook, you've found it! We've combined it with other materials, updated and expanded the information, and reformatted it to cover a broader range of topics.. This page links to all of the information in the original Sourcebook; in many cases, it uses the same text as the Sourcebook. What is Acid Rain and What Causes It?

3. The Green Lane: Acid Rain What s New About Us, Topics, Publications, Weather, Home. acid rain and what s being done what s new kids corner resources . http://www.ec.gc.ca/acidrain/

acid rain and... what's being done what's new kids' corner ... Canada Site The Green Lane TM , Environment Canada's World Wide Web site Important Notices

4. What Is Acid Rain? [USGS] What is acid rain? The term "acid rain" is commonly used to mean the deposition of acidic components in rain, snow, fog, dew, or dry particles. The more accurate term is "acid precipitation." http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/acidrain/2.html

What is acid rain? The term "acid rain" is commonly used to mean the deposition of acidic components in rain, snow, fog, dew, or dry particles. The more accurate term is "acid precipitation." Distilled water, which contains no carbon dioxide, has a neutral pH of 7. Liquids with a pH less than 7 are acid, and those with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline (or basic). "Clean" or unpolluted rain has a slightly acidic pH of 5.6, because carbon dioxide and water in the air react together to form carbonic acid, a weak acid. Around Washington, D.C., however, the average rain pH is between 4.2 and 4.4. The extra acidity in rain comes from the reaction of air pollutants, primarily sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, with water in the air to form strong acids (like sulfuric and nitric acid). The main sources of these pollutants are vehicles and industrial and power-generating plants. In Washington, the main local sources are cars, trucks, and buses. Wet and dry bucket collector, used to collect samples for measuring rainfall acidity. Acidity in rain is measured by collecting samples of rain and measuring its pH. To find the distribution of rain acidity, weather conditions are monitored and rain samples are collected at sites all over the country. The areas of greatest acidity (lowest pH values) are located in the Northeastern United States. This pattern of high acidity is caused by the large number of cities, the dense population, and the concentration of power and industrial plants in the Northeast. In addition, the prevailing wind direction brings storms and pollution to the Northeast from the Midwest, and dust from the soil and rocks in the Northeastern United States is less likely to neutralize acidity in the rain.

5. Http://www.angelfire.com/ks/boredwalk A Webquest For Students To Study Acid Rain A Research Study of acid rain for students and teachers with links to sites about pollution, the environment and acid rain with History, Chemistry, Politics, Health Environment, Economics Welcome http://www.angelfire.com/ks/boredwalk

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" ACID RAIN Welcome to this research study on acid rain. You may choose to be a specialist in one of the areas listed below. You may research information in your field, compile data, analyze the data, and then meet with others in your group for their input. You will then write a report on this topic. You may write about information you discovered, and creative ideas about any aspect of this topic. TEACHER'S PAGE Click on the subject of your choice: CHEMISTRY ECONOMICS HISTORY ENVIRONMENT ... POLITICS/GOVERNMENT CHEMISTRY You have chosen to be a chemist. Your job will be be to find out the chemical make-up and properties of acid rain. Some questions you may want to answer are: What is an acid? What chemicals make rain into "acid rain", and how? Where do the chemicals come from? What do the chemicals do to the environment? click here for resources click here for Acid Rain ABCs click here for some great general information click here for information about pH ... Back to the top ECONOMICS You have chosen to be an economist. Your job will be to find out effects of acid rain on the world economy. Some questions you may want to answer are:

6. Acid Rain acid rain refers to all types of precipitationrain, snow, sleet, hail, fogthat is acidic in nature 5.6 average of rainwater. acid rain kills aquatic life, trees, crops and http://www.lehigh.edu/~kaf3/books/reporting/acid.html

Acid Rain Backgrounder Acid rain refers to all types of precipitationrain, snow, sleet, hail, fogthat is acidic in nature. Acidic means that these forms of water have a pH lower than the 5.6 average of rainwater. Acid rain kills aquatic life, trees, crops and other vegetation, damages buildings and monuments, corrodes copper and lead piping, damages such man-made things as automobiles, reduces soil fertility and can cause toxic metals to leach into underground drinking water sources. Rain is naturally acidic because carbon dioxide, found normally in the earth's atmosphere, reacts with water to form carbonic acid. While "pure" rain's acidity is pH 5.6-5.7, actual pH readings vary from place to place depending upon the type and amount of other gases present in the air, such as sulphur oxide and nitrogen oxides. The term pH refers to the free hydrogen ions (electrically charged atoms) in water and is measured on a scale from to 14. Seven is considered neutral and measurements below seven are acidic while those above it are basic or alkaline. Every point on the pH scale represents a tenfold increase over the previous number. Thus, pH 4 is 10 times more acidic than pH 5 and 100 times more so than pH 6. Similarly, pH 9 is 1O times more basic than pH 8 and 100 times more basic than pH 7. The acid in acid rain comes from two kinds of air pollutants sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These are emitted primarily from utility and smelter "smokestacks" and automobile, truck and bus exhausts, but they also come from burning wood.

7. EPA's Clean Air Markets - Acid Rain Program acid rain Program. Laws Regulations. Guidance and Fact Sheets Affected Sources and Locations; acid rain Permits; acid rain Program Policy Manual; http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/arp/

Clean Air Markets - Programs and Regulations Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Clean Air Markets Programs and Regulations Acid Rain Program ... US - Canada Acid Rain Program The overall goal of the Acid Rain Program is to achieve significant environmental and public health benefits through reductions in emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), the primary causes of acid rain . To achieve this goal at the lowest cost to society, the program employs both traditional and innovative, market-based approaches for controlling air pollution. In addition, the program encourages energy efficiency and pollution prevention. Goals Program Overview Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Reduction Program Guidance and Fact Sheets Affected Sources and Locations Acid Rain Permits Acid Rain Program Policy Manual Emissions Monitoring ... Applicability Determinations legal decisions on how the regulations apply Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Allowances Clearing The Air: The Truth About Capping and Trading Emissions Allowances Fact Sheet SO2 Allowance Data Allowance Allocations ... Program Forms Related Information Information about acid rain Emissions Data Compliance Reports Includes lists of affected sources in each year and the number of allowances banked from each year to the next Response of Surface Water Chemistry to the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 CAM Update Forms Workshops ... Contact Us

8. Acid Rain Data And Reports link to www.usgs.gov. Online data and reports on acid rain, atmospheric deposition and precipitation chemistry. acid rain - Are the problems solved? http://bqs.usgs.gov/acidrain/

On-line data and reports on acid rain, atmospheric deposition and precipitation chemistry. The USGS is the lead federal agency for the monitoring of wet atmospheric deposition (chemical constituents deposited from the atmosphere via rain, sleet and snow) in the United States. The USGS atmospheric deposition program provides: 1) participation and leadership in the National Atmospheric Deposition Program , National Trends Network ( NADP/NTN 2) scientific research and assessment to evaluate the effects of atmospheric deposition on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Retrieve data from the NADP/NTN View and download U.S. maps of atmospheric deposition The NADP/NTN The National Atmospheric Deposition Program monitors wet atmospheric deposition at 250 National Trends Network sites throughout the United States. The USGS supports 74 of the roughly 250 active NADP/NTN sites. A fundamental NADP program objective is to provide scientific investigators world-wide with a long-term, high-quality database of atmospheric deposition for research support in the areas of air quality, water quality, agricultural effects, forest productivity, materials effects, ecosystem studies, watershed studies and human health. If you cannot fully access the information linked from this page, please contact

9. Acid Rain Site - Prog Metal Band, Acid Rain Site - Prog Metal Band Symphonic progressive metal band from Madrid, Spain. Includes news, biography, photos, downloadable songs, forum, and chat. In English and Spanish. http://www.acidrainsite.com/

10. Acid Rain Founded in 1998 as the contemporary dance group of Chelyabinsk State Teacher Training University. (Russia) http://www.dance-web.org/acidrain/

kiskat@rambler.ru this site was last updated:

11. Acid Rain SEA Project Student's fun and informative site about acid rain, in North Carolina and in general. http://acidrain.8k.com

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12. Acid Rain acid rain quot;This EPA page offers information in the science of acid rain, as well as specific information for students. quot; They will learn what acid rain is, what causes it, and how it http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/acidrain/&y=0

13. The Green Lane: Acid Rain Facts, news, children's resources, and links from Environment Canada. http://www.ec.gc.ca/acidrain/index.html

acid rain and... what's being done what's new kids' corner ... Canada Site The Green Lane TM , Environment Canada's World Wide Web site Important Notices

14. USGS Acid Rain Data And Reports USGS acid rain Data and Reports This program provides scientific research and assessment to evaluate the effects of atmospheric deposition on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. A clickable map http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://btdqs.usgs.gov/acidrain/index.html&y

15. Encyclopedia Of The Atmospheric Environment Authoritative but accessible information on a wide range of atmosphererelated and environmental topics, including air quality, acid rain, global warming, ozone depletion, and weather. http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/aric/eae/enter.html

English Français : 10 to 15% online discount off 30 books at Earthscan From the See also the Encyclopedia of Sustainable Development Best viewed with Internet Explorer at 1024 x 768 resolution. aric

16. US EPA Acid Rain Program US EPA acid rain Program This World Wide Web (WWW) site, developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), contains scientific information from the acid rain Program which is working to http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/&y=0291522CB2

17. The Green Lane: Acid Rain And The Facts What causes acid rain? acid rain is rain, snow or fog that is polluted by acid in the atmosphere and damages the environment. Where is acid rain a problem? http://www.ec.gc.ca/acidrain/acidfact.html

What causes acid rain? Acid rain is rain, snow or fog that is polluted by acid in the atmosphere and damages the environment. Two common air pollutants acidify rain: sulphur dioxide (SO ) and nitrogen oxide (NO X ). When these substances are released into the atmosphere, they can be carried over long distances by prevailing winds before returning to earth as acidic rain, snow, fog or dust. When the environment cannot neutralize the acid being deposited, damage occurs. What does acid mean? An acid is a substance with a sour taste that is characterized chemically by the ability to react with a base to form a salt. Acids turn blue litmus paper (also called pH paper) red. Strong acids can burn your skin. What is pH? A pH scale is used to measure the amount of acid in a liquid-like water. Because acids release hydrogen ions, the acid content of a solution is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions and is expressed as "pH." This scale is used to measure the acidity of rain samples. 0 = maximum acidity 7 = neutral point in the middle of the scale 14 = maximum alkalinity (the opposite of acidity) The smaller the number on the pH scale, the more

18. USGS--Water Resources Of The United States Home page for water resources information from the U.S. Geological Survey. Topics include ground water, surface water, water use, water quality, acid rain, toxic substances hydrology. http://water.usgs.gov/

Water Resources of the United States Search the USGS Site: WaterWatch Floods Drought Daily Streamflow ... Site Map W ater is essential for life. USGS operates in every State ; the Water Resources mission is to provide water information that benefits the Nation's citizens: publications data maps , and applications software Water Information By State: Select A State... ALABAMA ALASKA ARIZONA ARKANSAS CALIFORNIA COLORADO CONNECTICUT DELAWARE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA FLORIDA GEORGIA HAWAII IDAHO ILLINOIS INDIANA IOWA KANSAS KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MAINE MARYLAND MASSACHUSETTS MICHIGAN MINNESOTA MISSISSIPPI MISSOURI MONTANA NEBRASKA NEVADA NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY NEW MEXICO NEW YORK NORTH CAROLINA NORTH DAKOTA OHIO OKLAHOMA OREGON PENNSYLVANIA PUERTO RICO RHODE ISLAND SOUTH CAROLINA SOUTH DAKOTA TENNESSEE TEXAS UTAH VERMONT VIRGINIA VIRGIN ISLANDS WASHINGTON WEST VIRGINIA WISCONSIN WYOMING Science In Your Watershed NWISWeb Water Data Access to water-resources data collected at approximately 1.5 million sites throughout the Nation.

19. Acid Lake See how acid rain impacts the environment. http://www.ecokids.ca/pub/eco_info/topics/frogs/acid_rain/index.cfm

Topics Game: Acid Lake Size: 204 kb To download Flash click here. Wildlife Environmental Issues Energy All About Frogs ... UV Effect Printable PDFs Frog Monitoring Activity EcoKids Club Have Your Say Eco-Calendar ... Site Map

20. Primer On Acid Rain USGS USGS Tracks acid rain. By John Gordon, Mark Nilles and LeRoy Schroder Fact Sheet FS183-95. WHAT IS acid rain? Rain and snow http://bqs.usgs.gov/precip/reports/arfs.htm

USGS Tracks Acid Rain By John Gordon, Mark Nilles and LeRoy Schroder [Fact Sheet FS-183-95] WHAT IS ACID RAIN? Rain and snow are naturally slightly acidic due to chemical reactions with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The term "acid rain" is used to describe rain or snow that has a pH lower than what is natural for a given area. pH is a measurement of how acidic or basic a material is and ranges from to 14. Precipitation with a pH value less than 5 is considered acid rain. Graph depicting pH values for common substances. HOW DOES ACID RAIN FORM? Enormous quantities of manmade and natural material are added to the air every day. Overview of how acid rain forms. Because of global winds and mixing in the atmosphere, every country's air pollution contributes to some degree to the earth's problem of acid rain. In 1993, the United States released approximately 90 billion pounds of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the air. Rain and snow that falls in the Eastern U.S. typically has a much lower pH than precipitation in other parts of the country. The pH of rain and snow in the Eastern U.S. is much lower than in less populated areas. Graph comparing pH readings for the Eastern U.S. with parts of the world with fewer coal burning powerplants and automobiles.

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