1. Untitled Document This introductory probability book, published by the American Mathematical Society, is available from AMS bookshop. It has, since publication, also been freely available here in pdf format. In Feller's Introduction to probability theory and Its Applications, volume 1, 3d http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chance/teaching_aids/books_articles/probability_book/b

This introductory probability book, published by the American Mathematical Society, is available from AMS bookshop . It has, since publication, also been freely available here in pdf format. We are pleased that this has made our book more widely available. Thanks to the efforts of our colleague Peter Doyle , we are pleased to announce that our book has now been made freely redistributable under the terms of the GNU General Public License Free Software Foundation here more details about what can and cannot be done under this license. Of course we hope that the GNU version will become better than the present published version. The current GNU version is, available here , in pdf format. A bundle of source files can be found here and an index for the material related to the GNU book can be found here. For those using the published version of our book in class, we will continue to provide the pdf version mentioned above that will agree, accept for minor corrections, with the published version. We hope that having our book under the GNU contract will enrich our book and encourage others to make use of material from our book in their own writing. We will keep a list of contributions to the GNU version of the book website and will welcome additional contributions.

2. Probability Web Home Page of The probability Web http://www.mathcs.carleton.edu/probweb/probweb.html

3. Virtual Laboratories In Probability And Statistics Interactive, webbased resources for students and teachers of probability and statistics. http://www.math.uah.edu/stat/

var baseURL = "./"; Virtual Laboratories in Probability and Statistics Expository Material Foundations Probability Spaces Distributions Expected Value ... Interacting Particle Systems Ancillary Materials Applets Data Sets Biographical Sketches Distribution Tables ... Experiments Welcome! The goal of this project is to provide free, high quality, interactive, web-based resources for students and teachers of probability and statistics. Basically, our project consists of an integrated set of components that includes expository text, applets, data sets, biographical sketches, an object library, and other elements. Please read the introduction for more information about the content, structure, mathematical prerequisites. and organization of the project. Please bookmark this site ; we hope you will visit frequently. Please also let us hear from you. Use the feedback form to send suggestions, bug reports, or other comments. Thank you! Technologies and Browser Requirements This site uses a number of advanced technologies, including the Mathematics Markup Language (MathML), for portable and notationally correct mathematical expressions, and the Java 2 Runtime Environment for the applets. To use this site, you will need one of the following browser configurations (the first one is best):

4. Lesson On Introduction To Probability Lesson on Introduction to probability. Problem fourth. This problem askedus to find the probability that the spinner will land on blue. http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/vol6/intro_probability.html

Terms and Conditions for using our lessons. click here Lesson on Introduction to Probability Problem: A spinner has 4 equal sectors colored yellow, blue, green, and red. What are the chances of landing on blue after spinning the spinner? Solution: The chances of landing on blue are 1 in 4, or one fourth. This problem asked us to find the probability that the spinner will land on blue. Let's look at some definitions and examples from the problem above. Definition Example An experiment is a situation involving chance or probability that leads to results called outcomes. The experiment is spinning the spinner. An outcome is the result of a single trial of an experiment. The possible outcomes are landing on yellow, blue, green, or red. An event is one or more outcomes of an experiment. The event being measured is landing on blue. Probability is the measure of how likely an event is. The probability of landing on blue is one fourth. In order to measure probabilities, mathematicians have devised the following formula for finding the probability of an event. Probability Of An Event P(A) = THE NUMBER OF WAYS EVENT A CAN OCCUR THE TOTAL NUMBER OF POSSIBLE OUTCOMES The probability of event A is the number of ways event A can occur divided by the total number of possible outcomes.

5. Home Page The Applied probability Trust is a nonprofit foundation for study and research in the mathematical sciences. It publishes research journals, a student magazine and occasional special volumes. http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/companies/apt/

A P P L I E D P R O B A B I L I T Y T R U S T The Applied Probability Trust is a non-profit-making foundation for study and research in the mathematical sciences. The Trust was founded in 1964, with the assistance of the London Mathematical Society , in order to publish the Journal of Applied Probability. The Trust now publishes a number of periodicals; these are the international journals Journal of Applied Probability Advances in Applied Probability both edited by Professor C. C. Heyde, The Mathematical Scientist edited by J. Gani, and the student mathematical magazine Mathematical Spectrum which is edited by Dr D. Sharpe. The APT also publishes occasional special volumes on topics in applied probability, the latest being Stochastic Methods and Their Applications (J. Appl. Prob. Spec. Vol. ), a Festschrift for Chris Heyde. The APT has four Trustees: Dr D.J. Daley (Australian National University), Professor J. Gani FAA (Australian National University), Professor C.C. Heyde FAA (Australian National University and Columbia University) and Sir John Kingman FRS (Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge, representing the London Mathematical Society).

6. Mathematics Archives - Topics In Mathematics - Probability Topics in Mathematics. probability. AMS's Materials Organized by Mathematical Subject Classification. ADD. KEYWORDS Electronic Journals, Preprints, Web Sites, Databases. Applets for the Cybergnostics project. ADD. to the Binomial, Marden's regression, conditional probability, Confidence interval, Correlation demo, Power, F The Birthday Problem A short lesson in probability. Brownian Motion http://archives.math.utk.edu/topics/probability.html

Topics in Mathematics Probability AMS's Materials Organized by Mathematical Subject Classification ADD. KEYWORDS: Electronic Journals, Preprints, Web Sites, Databases Applets for the Cybergnostics project ADD. KEYWORDS: Chi-square Demonstration, Exponential Demonstration, Binomial Demonstration, Normal Approximation to the Binomial, Marden's regression, conditional probability, Confidence interval, Correlation demo, Power, F Demonstration The Birthday Problem: A short lesson in probability Brownian Motion Buffon's Needle - An Analysis and Simulation Center for Applied Probability (CAP) - Columbia University ADD. KEYWORDS: Newgroups, Workshops Center For Applied Probability at Georgia Tech ADD. KEYWORDS: People, Workshops, Meetings, Newsgroup The Central Limit Theorem Chance Database ADD. KEYWORDS: Course Materials, Newsletter, Discussion Group, Data Sets, Chance News, Student Projects DAU Stat Refresher ADD. KEYWORDS: Tutorial, Tests, Probability, Random Variables, Expectations, Distributions, Data Analysis, Linear Regression, Multiple Regression, Moving Averages, Exponential Smoothing, Clustering Algorithms Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics ADD. KEYWORDS:

7. Probability Abstract Service The probability Abstract Service is an archive of research articleabstracts which publishes a bimonthly newsletter. PAS is based http://www.math.washington.edu/~prob/

The Probability Abstract Service is an archive of research article abstracts which publishes a bi-monthly newsletter. PAS is based at the Department of Mathematics of the University of Washington. The service is free to authors and readers. PAS was founded in 1991 by Rich Bass, Chris Burdzy and Mike Sharpe. The current managers are Chris Burdzy and Larry Susanka Home Page Mirror: France Latest Abstracts ... prob@math.washington.edu

8. 60: Probability Theory And Stochastic Processes Part of Dave Rusin's excellent Mathematical Atlas. http://www.math.niu.edu/~rusin/known-math/index/60-XX.html

Search Subject Index MathMap Tour ... Help! ABOUT: Introduction History Related areas Subfields POINTERS: Texts Software Web links Selected topics here 60: Probability theory and stochastic processes Introduction Probability theory is simply enumerative combinatorial analysis when applied to finite sets; thus the techniques and results resemble those of discrete mathematics. The theory comes into its own when considering infinite sets of possible outcomes. This requires much measure theory (and a careful interpretation of results!) More analysis enters with the study of distribution functions, and limit theorems implying central tendencies. Applications to repeated transitions or transitions over time lead to Markov processes and stochastic processes. Probability concepts are applied across mathematics when considering random structures, and in particular lead to good algorithms in some settings even in pure mathematics. History A list of references on the history of probability and statistics is available. Applications and related fields Some material in probability (especially foundational questions) is really measure theory . The topic of randomly generating points on a sphere is included here but there is another page with general discussions of spheres . Probability questions given a finite sample space are usually "just" a lot of counting, and so are included with

9. Probability Tutorials This site offers online tutorials in probability, and measure theory. by Dr NoelVaillant. probability.net;http//www.netcomuk.co.uk/~vaillant/proba;. http://www.probability.net/

probability.net;http://www.netcomuk.co.uk/~vaillant/proba; probability.net;http://www.netcomuk.co.uk/~vaillant/proba;

10. Open Problems In Linear Analysis And Probability Problems taken from workshop lectures given at Texas A M University. http://www.math.tamu.edu/research/workshops/linanalysis/problems.html

Open Problems in Linear Analysis and Probability The problems here were either submitted specifically for the purpose of inclusion in this page, or were taken from talks given during the Workshop in Linear Analysis and Probability. Click here to view the postscript version of the file. (Submitted by G. Pisier) Let $1 (Submitted by G. Pisier) Describe the Schur multipliers which are bounded on $S_p$ for $0 < p If you have any open problems you would like to publicize, please contact cherylr@math.tamu.edu and I will add them to the list.

11. Percent And Probability Using percent, interest, discounts and basic probability. Broughtto you by Math League Multimedia. Percent and probability. http://www.mathleague.com/help/percent/percent.htm

Percent and Probability Percent What is a percent? Percent as a fraction Percent as a decimal Estimating percents ... Percent discount Chances and probability What is an event? Possible outcomes of an event Probability Math Contests School League Competitions Contest Problem Books Challenging, fun math practice Educational Software Comprehensive Learning Tools Visit the Math League What is a Percent? A percent is a ratio of a number to 100. A percent can be expressed using the percent symbol %. Example: 10 percent or 10% are both the same, and stand for the ratio 10:100. Percent as a fraction A percent is equivalent to a fraction with denominator 100. Example: 5% of something = 5/100 of that thing. Example: 2 1/2% is equal to what fraction? Answer: Example: 52% most nearly equals which one of 1/2, 1/4, 2, 8, or 1/5? Answer: 52% = 52/100. This is very close to 50/100, or 1/2. Example: 13/25 is what %? Alternatively, we could say: Let 13/25 be n %, and let us find n . Then 13/25 = n n , so 25 n n n n Example: 8/200 is what %?

12. Probability probability This math site contains interactive lessons and a solution page dealing with probability. Students are introduced to probability; certain and impossible events; sample spaces; http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/toc_vol6.sht

13. Probability Tutorials probability Tutorials Created by Noel Vaillant, PhD from Imperial College, London, these 20 probability tutorials quot;are meant to be a complete online course on measure theory, lebesgue http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.probability.net/&y=024A5882D229A

14. The Probability/Statistics Object Library The probability/Statistics Object Library. The probability/Statistics Object Libraryis a resource for teachers and students of probability and statistics. http://www.math.uah.edu/psol/

var baseURL = "../"; Virtual Laboratories Probability/Statistics Object Library Packages Devices Distributions Experiments Introduction The object library contains applets and the components of the applets for use by teachers and students of probability and statistics. These objects (both executable files and source code) can be downloaded, modified if desired, and reused. Applets The applets in this project are small, self-contained programs that run in web pages. They are intended to illustrate probabilistic and statistical concepts and techniques in an interactive, dynamic way. A teacher or student can download an applet, drop it in a web page, and then add other elements of her own choice (such as expository text, data sets, and graphics). The applets in the library contain essentially no mathematical theory and thus can be used by students at various levels. The applets are intended to be small "micro worlds" where students can run virtual versions of random experiments and play virtual versions of statistical games. No knowledge of programming in general or Java in particular is required to use the applets as is. The applets are the top level objects in the library, and are in the

15. Chance Welcome Page This data base contains materials designed help teach a Chance course or a more standard introductory probability or statistics course. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chance/

Chance Home Chance News Chance Course Video and Audio Teaching Aids ... Related Links Search this site: A GNU book. Introduction to Probability by Charles Grinstead and Laurie Snell The Chance Project Mathematics Dept. Dartmouth College Hanover, NH 03755 Welcome to Chance! This site contains materials to help teach a Chance course. Chance is a quantitative literacy course developed cooperatively by the Chance Team: J. Laurie Snell and Peter Doyle of Dartmouth College, Joan Garfield of the University of Minnesota, Tom Moore of Grinnell College, Bill Peterson of Middlebury College, and Ngambal Shah of Spelman College. We were assisted by grants from NECUSE and the National Science Foundation's Undergraduate Curriculum Development Program. The goal of Chance is to make students more informed, critical readers of current news stories that use probability and statistics. Chance News . Chance News was a newsletter that reviewed articles in the news that teachers of probability and statistics might want to use in their classes. Chance News Archives provides all issue of Chance News 1992 to 2003.This newsletter has been replaced bt the more modest

16. Probability And Statistics Note This applet was written by Charles Stanton. The author wishes to thankCSUSB for a Promoting Innovative Instruction Award to write these applets. http://www.math.csusb.edu/faculty/stanton/m262/

These demos require a Java-enabled browser: Introduction to Probability Models Hypergeometric Distribution Poisson Distribution Normal Distribution ... Buffon's Needle Note: This applet was written by Charles Stanton. The author wishes to thank CSUSB for a Promoting Innovative Instruction Award to write these applets.

17. Electronic Journal Of Probability, Electronic Communications In Electronic Journal of probability, Electronic Communications in probability The latest volumes of the Journal of probability (EJP) and Electronic Communications in probability (ECP) are new for http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://math.washington.edu/~ejpecp/&y=02BE7

18. Lessons On Probability Introduction to probability, To define experiment, outcome, event, and probability.To understand the formula for finding the probability of an event. http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/toc_vol6.shtm

interactive click here fun Lessons CD Forums Homework ... Newsletter numbers Advertise Recommend Puzzles About Us ... Articles Our interactive lessons are in-depth learning modules that provide detailed examples, diagrams, summaries and exercises. Each volume of lessons consists of a related group of lessons, practice exercises, challenge exercises, and a solutions page. Read the Terms and Conditions for using our free demo lessons. First time users also need to read this Important Information Lesson Description Introduction to Probability To define experiment, outcome, event, and probability. To understand the formula for finding the probability of an event. To find the probabilities of simple events with equally likely and with non-equally likely outcomes. Interactive spinners and dice are included. (Note: We have truly random spinners and dice available on CD only Certain and Impossible Events To define certain and impossible events. To identify events as certain or impossible, and to compute the probabilities of these events.

19. Project Links | Home Contains modules for probability and statistics, discreet math, linear systems and advanced calculus. Developed by the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. http://links.math.rpi.edu/

Overview Background on the people involved in the project. Assumptions How we intend these modules to be used in the classroom. Hardware and software requirements. For Instructors Information for instructors using our materials. The Project Links Modules by general applied topic by general mathematics topic Hardware and Software Guidelines Recommendations for setting up your computer to maximize your time with Project Links. Developers' Connection Documentation and services for current developers and programmers, and for those with new module ideas. Jobs with Project Links Information for those RPI students with programming skills in Java, HTML, and Director. 2001 ASME Curriculum Innovation Award 2000 NEEDS Premier Award for Excellence in Engineering Education [2/24/03]: The website has been updated. The electromagtic field applets have been fixed, and a preliminary version of the module "compatibility mode" has been deployed.

20. Math In Daily Life -- Playing To Win What are the odds of hitting the jackpot? Find out when you learn how to determine probability. http://www.learner.org/exhibits/dailymath/playing.html

E ach year, millions of people travel to casinos hoping they will come away richer. Many more people visit their local supermarket each day to bet with lottery cards. People play the stock market, join in the office football pool, and meet with friends on the weekend for a game of poker. Why do we invest this money on chance? We do it because we believe we can beat the odds. We believe in the possibility of winning. Mathematical principles can tell us more than whether it is possible to win. They can tell us how often we are likely to win. The mathematical concept that deals with the chances of winning a lottery drawing or a poker game is probability. If we can determine the probability that a certain event (such as winning the lottery) will occur, we can make a better choice about whether to risk the odds. Determining probability How do we determine probability? Let's say there are 12 socks in your dresser drawer. Five are red and 7 are blue. If you were to close your eyes, reach into the drawer, and draw out 1 sock, what is the probability that it would be a red sock? Five of the 12 socks are red, so your chances of picking a red sock are 5 out of 12. You can set this up as a fraction or a percentage that expresses the probability of picking a red sock: Your chances of picking a red sock are 5 out of 12, or 5 divided by 12, which is about 42%. Not bad, as odds go.

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