21. Reasons For Dissenting From The Philosophy Of M. Comte By Herbert Spencer herbert spencer's refutation of the Postivism of Auguste Comte we present without discussing for the moment, M. spencer divides, etc." Now this is one of those collocations http://www.marxists.org/reference/subject/philosophy/works/en/spencer.htm

Herbert Spencer (1864) Reasons for Dissenting from the Philosophy of M. Comte Source : from Reasons for Dissenting from the Philosophy of M. Comte (c. 1862-96). About 15 pages from the first chapter, concentrating more on his criticism of Comte, rather than his own views. positive philosophy and what the English scientists, especially since Newton, mean by natural philosophy ;" (see Avertissement ) and further on he indicates the "great movement impressed on the human mind, two centuries ago, by the combined action of the precepts of Bacon, the conceptions of Descartes, and the discoveries of Galileo, as the moment when the spirit of positive philosophy began to be expressed in the world." That is to say, the general mode of thought and way of interpreting phenomena, which M. Comte calls "Positive Philosophy," he recognises as having been growing for two centuries; as having reached, when he wrote, a marked development; and as being the heritage of all men of science. minus his re-organisation, are certainly not his disciples. How then stands the case with M. Comte? There are some few who receive his doctrines with but little reservation; and these are his disciples truly so called. There are others who regard with approval certain of his leading doctrines, but not the rest: these we may distinguish as partial adherents. There are others who reject all his distinctive doctrines; and these must be classed as his antagonists. The members of this class stand substantially in the same position as they would have done had he not written. Declining his re-organisation of scientific doctrine, they possess this scientific doctrine in its pre-existing state, as the common heritage .bequeathed by the past to the present; and their adhesion to this scientific doctrine in no sense implicates them with M. Comte. In this class stand the great body of men of science. And in this class I stand myself.

22. Spencer, Herbert An extensive look at his works and some biographical information. http://www.bolender.com/Dr. Ron/SOC4044 Sociological Theory/Class Sessions/Socio

www.bolender.com Sociological Theorists Page Dr. Ron's Home Page Herbert Spencer Read each of the following items. Herbert Spencer The Person George Eliot once remarked of Herbert Spencer, whom she knew well, that "the life of this philosopher, like that of the great Kant, offers little material for the narrator." She was right. There is nothing in his life that compares to the rich texture of experience, of tragedy, of trials and tribulations that one encounters in Comte's career or in Marx's. Spencer was born on April 27, 1820, in Derby, in the bleak and dismal English Midlands, the heart of British industry. He was the oldest of nine children and the only one to survive. His father, George Spencer, and his whole family were staunch nonconformist Dissenters, highly individualistic in their outlook. George Spencer, a rather eccentric man who combined Quaker sympathies with Benthamite radicalism and rabid anti-clericalism, taught school in Derby. Aggressively independent, he would not take his hat off to anyone and would never address his correspondents as "Esquire" or "Reverend" but always as "Mr." Keenly interested in science and politics, he was for a time honorary secretary of the local Philosophical Society and one of the mainstays of local Dissent. Spencer's mother Harriet is described as a patient and gentle woman whose marriage to his irascible and irritable father seems not to have been happy. Being sickly and weak as a child, Herbert Spencer did not attend a regular school. His father educated him at home. At the age of thirteen, he moved to the home of a clerical uncle near Bath, from whom he received his further education. This clergyman, who was also an advanced social reformer, a Chartist sympathizer, and an advocate of temperance, taught young Herbert the principles of Philosophical Radicalism as well as the rigid code of dissenting Protestantism. When the Reverend Spencer was asked one day at a gathering why the young Spencer wasn't dancing, he replied, "No Spencer ever dances."

23. THE DEVELOPMENT OF HERBERT SPENCER'S CONCEPT OF EVOLUTION A paper by Robert M. Young exploring spencer's legitimacy as a follower of Darwin. http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/N-Q/psysc/staff/rmyoung/papers/spencer1.html

Robert M. Young - Online Archive Home Page Index of Writings Comments ... Studies If you wish to submit a response to this paper for inclusion in the archive please write to Professor Robert M. Young Please Sign My Guestbook View My Guestbook THE DEVELOPMENT OF HERBERT SPENCER'S CONCEPT OF EVOLUTION by Robert M. Young Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation (1844) and discussed this book with T. H. Huxley, who later said of the period 1851—1858, "...the only person known to me whose knowledge and capacity compelled respect, and who was, at the same time, a through-going evolutionist, was Mr. Herbert Spencer... Many and prolonged were the battles we fought on this topic. But even my friend's rare dialectic skill and copiousness of apt illustration could not drive me from my agnostic position." l 1 FRANCIS DARWIN (Ed.), The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, 3rd ed. London, Murray, 1887, vol. II, p. 188. three-fold: the traditions on which it drew, the areas in which he applied it, and the tenacity with which he clung to belief in the inheritance of acquired characteristics. I want to point out that the origins, applications and influences of Spencer's evolutionism were not only different from those of Darwin but that they were also more significant for the development of our conception of mind and brain. Spencer's first serious intellectual endeavours were devoted to the study of phrenology, and it was from phrenology that he drew the conception of society as an organism in which interdependent, specialized structures serve diverse functions. Similarly, his concept of the adaptation of the faculties of men to their organic, psychological and social needs was based on a phrenological view of man. These ideas were used as the basis of his attempt to refute Utilitarian social and ethical theory in his first book

24. EpistemeLinks.com: Philosopher Results spencer, herbert. Source Alliance for Lifelong Learning spencer, herbert. Source LookSmart. spencer, herbert http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Spen

25. Modern History Sourcebook: Spencer: Social Darwinism, 1857 Modern History Sourcebook herbert spencer Social Darwinism, 1857. herbert spencer (1820­1903) was thinking about ideas of evolution and progress before Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species ( http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/spencer-darwin.html

Back to Modern History SourceBook Modern History Sourcebook: Herbert Spencer: Social Darwinism, 1857 The Origin of Species (1859). Nonetheless, his ideas received a major boost from Darwin's theories and the general application of ideas such as "adaptation" and "survival of the fittest" to social thought is known as "Social Darwinism". It would be possible to argue that human evolution showed the benefits of cooperation and community. Spencer, and Social Darwinists after him took another view. He believed that society was evolving toward increasing freedom for individuals ; and so held that government intervention, ought to be minimal in social and political life. Here Spencer specifically discusses race and class. From Herbert Spencer. Progress: Its Law and Cause because they tend to heighten human happiness. But rightly to understand Progress, we must inquire what is the nature of these changes, considered apart from our interests. Ceasing, for example, to regard the successive geological modifications that have taken place in the Earth, as modifications that have gradually fitted it for the habitation of Man, and as therefore a geological progress, we must seek to determine the character common to these modifications-the law to which they all conform. And similarly in every other case. Leaving out of sight concomitants and beneficial consequences, let us ask what Progress is in itself. Now, we propose in the first place to show, that this law of organic progress is the law of all progress. Whether it be in the development of the Earth, in the development of Life upon its surface, the development of Society, of Government, of Manufactures, of Commerce, of Language, Literature, Science, Art, this same evolution of the simple into the complex, through a process of continuous differentiation, holds throughout. From the earliest traceable cosmical changes down to the latest results of civilization, we shall find that the transformation of the homogeneous into the heterogeneous, is that in which Progress essentially consists....

26. Herbert Spencer - The Person An extensive online biography of this Victorian thinker. In sequential pages. http://www2.pfeiffer.edu/~lridener/DSS/Spencer/SPENCPER.HTML

Herbert Spencer The Person George Eliot once remarked of Herbert Spencer, whom she knew well, that "the life of this philosopher, like that of the great Kant, offers little material for the narrator." She was right. There is nothing in his life that compares to the rich texture of experience, of tragedy, of trials and tribulations that one encounters in Comte's career or in Marx's. Spencer was born on April 27, 1820, in Derby, in the bleak and dismal English Midlands, the heart of British industry. He was the oldest of nine children and the only one to survive. His father, George Spencer, and his whole family were staunch nonconformist Dissenters, highly individualistic in their outlook. George Spencer, a rather eccentric man who combined Quaker sympathies with Benthamite radicalism and rabid anti-clericalism, taught school in Derby. Aggressively independent, he would not take his hat off to anyone and would never address his correspondents as "Esquire" or "Reverend" but always as "Mr." Keenly interested in science and politics, he was for a time honorary secretary of the local Philosophical Society and one of the mainstays of local Dissent. Spencer's mother Harriet is described as a patient and gentle woman whose marriage to his irascible and irritable father seems not to have been happy. Being sickly and weak as a child, Herbert Spencer did not attend a regular school. His father educated him at home. At the age of thirteen, he moved to the home of a clerical uncle near Bath, from whom he received his further education. This clergyman, who was also an advanced social reformer, a Chartist sympathizer, and an advocate of temperance, taught young Herbert the principles of Philosophical Radicalism as well as the rigid code of dissenting Protestantism. When the Reverend Spencer was asked one day at a gathering why the young Spencer wasn't dancing, he replied, "No Spencer ever dances."

27. Herbert Spencer [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] spencer, herbert. The Factors of Organic Evolution. London Williams and Norgate, 1887. spencer, herbert. The Principles of Ethics. 2 vols. http://www.iep.utm.edu/s/spencer.htm

Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) British philosopher and sociologist, Herbert Spencer was a major figure in the intellectual life of the Victorian era. He was one of the principal proponents of evolutionary theory in the mid nineteenth century, and his reputation at the time rivaled that of Charles Darwin. Spencer was initially best known for developing and applying evolutionary theory to philosophy, psychology and the study of society what he called his "synthetic philosophy" (see his A System of Synthetic Philosophy , 1862-93). Today, however, he is usually remembered in philosophical circles for his political thought, primarily for his defense of natural rights and for criticisms of utilitarian positivism, and his views have been invoked by 'libertarian' thinkers such as Robert Nozick. Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to that part of this article) Life Method Human Nature Religion ... Bibliography Life Spencer was born in Derby, England on 27 April 1820, the eldest of nine children, but the only one to survive infancy. He was the product of an undisciplined, largely informal education. His father, George, was a school teacher, but an unconventional man, and Spencer's family were Methodist 'Dissenters,' with Quaker sympathies. From an early age, Herbert was strongly influenced by the individualism and the anti-establishment and anti-clerical views of his father, and the Benthamite radical views of his uncle Thomas. Indeed, Spencer's early years showed a good deal of resistance to authority and independence.

28. Charles Horton Cooley: Reflections Upon The Sociology Of Herbert Spencer Classic 1920 article by Charles Horton Cooley. Sympathetically reviews spencer's influence. http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~lward/cooley/Cooley_1920.html

Reflections upon the Sociology of Herbert Spencer Citation: Charles Horton Cooley. "Reflections upon the sociology of Herbert Spencer", American Journal of Sociology 26 Reflections Upon The Sociology of Herbert Spencer I imagine that nearly all of us who took up sociology between 1870, say, and 1890 did so at the instigation of Spencer. While he did not invent the word (though most of us had never heard it before), much less the idea, he gave new life to both, and seemed to show us an open road into those countries which as yet we had only vaguely yearned to explore. His book, The Study of Sociology, perhaps the most readable of all his works, had a large sale and probably did more to arouse interest in the subject than any other publication before or since. Whatever we may have occasion to charge against him, let us set down at once a large credit for effective propagation. It is. certain that nearly all of us fell away from him sooner or later and more or less completely. My own defection, I believe, was one of the earliest and most complete; and since the recoil has gone farther with me than with most others, it is not unlikely that I now fail to do him justice. However, my views, such as (130) they are, have at least had ample time to mature, and I offer them for what they may be worth.

29. The Man Versus The State By Herbert Spencer 1884 Preface The The Man versus the State by herbert spencer 1884 Preface The Westminster Review for April 1860, contained an article entitled Parliamentary Reform the http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/spencer/manvssta

30. The Development Of Herbert Spencer's Concept Of Evolution A paper delivered to the Eleventh International Congress of the History of Science, Warsaw, August 1965 and published in Actes du Xle Congres International d'Histoire des Sciences Warsaw Ossolineum, 1967, vol. 2, pp. 27378. http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/spencer.html

Home - Robert M. Young What's New Search Feedback ... The Writings of Professor Robert M. Young 'The Development of Herbert Spencer's Concept of Evolution' This short conference paper takes a theme from my doctoral research and complements the argument of the dissertation with respect to the fundamental role of Herbert Spencer's ideas in psychology, neuroscience and related disciplines, which was even greater than his under-rated role in the history of evolutionary thinking in general. It was delivered to the Eleventh International Congress of the History of Science, Warsaw, August 1965 and published in Actes du Xle Congres International d'Histoire des Sciences Warsaw: Ossolineum, 1967, vol. 2, pp. 273-78. Download View Online The Human Nature Review Ian Pitchford and Robert M. Young - Last updated: 06 August, 1998 06:44 AM US - Search: All Products Books Popular Music Classical Music Keywords: UK - Search: All Products Books Popular Music Classical Music Keywords: Human Nature Books and Reviews The Human Nature Daily Review Search

31. Find A Grave - Herbert Hadley Biography for this former Missouri Governor who was initiated at Phi Psi's University of Missouri chapter. http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=6732953&pt=Herbert

32. Spencer, Herbert. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001. spencer, herbert. 1820–1903, English philosopher, b. Derby. He projected a vast http://www.bartleby.com/65/sp/SpencerH.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia See also: Spencer Quotations PREVIOUS NEXT CONTENTS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Spencer, Herbert

33. 54942. Spencer, Herbert. The Columbia World Of Quotations. 1996 animal. ATTRIBUTION herbert spencer (1820–1903), British philosopher. Education, ch. 2 (1861). The Columbia World of Quotations. http://www.bartleby.com/66/42/54942.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Quotations The Columbia World of Quotations PREVIOUS ... AUTHOR INDEX The Columbia World of Quotations. NUMBER: QUOTATION: People are beginning to see that the first requisite to success in life is to be a good animal.

34. Herbert Spencer And Inevitable Progress 50k spencer is so grandiose that it is hard to summarize his ideas, yet he was one of the most influential thinkers in nineteenthcentury Britain, and his ideas were an inspiration around the world. His version of evolution was utterly generalised in all the ways Darwin tried to be circumspect. The organic analogies which spencer developed are the foundation-stones for the widespread idea of functionalism across the biomedical and human sciences, extending to architecture, systems theory, cybernetics and information theory. The essay was reprinted in a collection from the journal G. Marsden, ed., Victorian Values. Longman, 1990. http://www.human-nature.com/rmyoung/papers/paper84.html

Home - Robert M. Young What's New Search Feedback ... The Writings of Professor Robert M. Young Herbert Spencer and Inevitable Progress Spencer is so grandiose that it is hard to summarize his ideas, yet he was one of the most influential thinkers in nineteenth-century Britain, and his ideas were an inspiration around the world. His version of evolution was utterly generalised in all the ways Darwin tried to be circumspect. The organic analogies which Spencer developed are the foundation-stones for the widespread idea of functionalism across the biomedical and human sciences, extending to architecture, systems theory, cybernetics and information theory. I have written in detail about his ideas in many books and essays. An invitation from the editor of History Today led to this attempt briefly to circumscribe Spencer's work and impact. The essay was reprinted in a collection from the journal: G. Marsden, ed., Victorian Values . Longman, 1990. Download View Online The Human Nature Review Ian Pitchford and Robert M. Young

35. Academic Directories DETAILS/DISCOUNTS. spencer, herbert. Home Philosophy Philosophers spencer, herbert. The leading academic http://www.allianceforlifelonglearning.org/er/tree.jsp?c=40580

36. Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) A capsule view of spencer's life and legacy, with links. http://victorianweb.org/philosophy/spencer.html

Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) Alvin Wee, University Scholars Programme , National University of Singapore A Victorian biologist and philosopher, Herbert Spencer was born April 27th, 1820, at the height of British industrialism . He was educated at home in mathematics, natural science, history and English, among some other languages. Spencer was sickly in his youth, all eight of his other siblings dying at a young age. His constitution remained weak throughout his life, and he would later suffer from nervous breakdowns which he never recovered from, and he wandered about London never in a complete state of good health. He suffered from chronic insomnia, could only work a few hours a day, and used fairly substantial amounts of opium. He experienced a strange sensation in his head which he called "the mischief", and was known for eccentricities like the wearing of ear-plugs to avoid over-excitement, especially when he could not hold his ground in an argument. He obtained a job as a civil engineer on the railways at sixteen and wrote during his spare time. This vocation of his took up ten years of his life, and imbued him with a healthy optimism for life and society. Spencer became the sub-editor of The Economist in 1848, an important financial weekly at the time for the upper-middle class. He interacted with famous people like Thomas Huxley and John Tyndall, among many other leading intellectuals of Victorian Britain. Spencer published numerous articles in the radical press of his time, like

37. BIOGRAFÍAS: Spencer, Herbert Translate this page Biografías. spencer, herbert. Ilustración pendiente. ilósofo, psicólogo y sociólogo británico (1820-1903), nacido en Derby, fundador http://www.iespana.es/natureduca/biog_spencer.htm

Biografías Spencer, Herbert Ilustración pendiente ilósofo, psicólogo y sociólogo británico (1820-1903), nacido en Derby, fundador de la filosofía evolucionista en Gran Bretaña y uno de los más ilustres positivistas de su país. Ingeniero de ferrocarriles y de formación autodidacta, se interesó tanto por la ciencia como por las letras. En el año 1848 asumió la dirección de la revista The Economist , órgano del liberalismo radical de la época. Desde el punto de vista sociológico cabe considerarle como primer autor que utilizó de forma sistemática los conceptos de estructura y función . Por otra parte, concibió la sociología como un instrumento dinámico al servicio de la reforma social. Dedicó su vida a elaborar su sistema de filosofía evolucionista, en la que considera la evolución natural como clave de toda la realidad, a partir de cuya ley mecánico-materialista cabe explicar cualquier nivel progresivo: la materia, lo biológico, lo psíquico, lo social, etc. En sus lecturas conoció la teoría de la evolución expuesta a finales del siglo XVIII por el naturalista francés Jean Lamarck. Su teoría, hoy desacreditada, sostenía que los rasgos adquiridos de un organismo eran hereditarios. Las teorías de Lamarck sobre la evolución influyeron profundamente en la obra de Spencer.

38. Herbert Spencer An article giving an overview of spencer's life and influence, and reviewing the significance of each of his principal works. http://www.thoemmes.com/encyclopedia/spencer.htm

Herbert Spencer Herbert Spencer was born in Derby on 27 April 1820, the son of a Unitarian schoolmaster, and died in Brighton on 8 December 1903. What little formal education he received was provided by his uncle, the Revd Thomas Spencer, vicar of Hinton Charterhouse near Bath in Somerset. As both an adolescent and a young man, Spencer found it difficult to settle to any intellectual or professional discipline. He worked as a civil engineer during the railway boom of the late 1830s, while also devoting much of his time to writing for provincial journals that were nonconformist in their religion and radical in their politics. In 1848 he became a sub-editor on James Wilson’s weekly The Economist , an appointment which afforded him an entry to the radical circles of the capital, including Thomas Hodgskin, George Henry Lewes and Marian Evans (George Eliot), whom much later in his life he denied ever having considered marrying. Lewes introduced him to the work of John Stuart Mill, especially A System of Logic (1843), and otherwise acted as a goad to Spencer’s philosophical reflections. Following the moderate success of his early works

39. Biografie Herbert Spencer Translate this page Biografie herbert spencer. *Derby, England 27. April 1820 †Brighton, England 8. Dezember 1903 englischer Philosoph und Soziologe http://www.kfunigraz.ac.at/sozwww/agsoe/lexikon/klassiker/spencer/44bio.htm

Biografie Herbert Spencer *Derby, England 27. April 1820 englischer Philosoph und Soziologe Vater: William George Spencer, Lehrer Mutter: Harriet Spencer, geborene Holmes, Hausfrau Geschwister: Ehe: keine Kinder: keine Religion: Biografie Chartismus und nonkonformistischem Protestantismus durch seinen Onkel. Lebte wieder in Derby. Nach Beendigung seiner Ausbildung einige Monate Assistant Schoolmaster in Detby. Zunächst Eisenbahningenieur (technischer Zeichner) bei der London and Birmingham Railway, seit 1838 Handwerker bei der Birmingham and Gloucester Railway. Daneben wenig erfolgreiche Erfindungen auf dem Gebiet des Bergbaus und 1839-1842 Mitarbeiter der Zeitschrift "Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal" (London). Nach der Fertigstellung der Eisenbahnlinie 1841 Entlassung. Lebte wieder in Derby. Beginn der Karriere als Wissenschaftler, Schriftsteller und als Journalist bei der radikalen Zeitung "The Nonconformist" (London) 1842-1843 und bei der wissenschaftlichen Zeitschrift "Zoist. A journal of cerebral physiology and mesmerism, and their application to human welfare" (London) 1844. 1844 Subeditor des Organs der "Complete Suffrage Movement" "Pilot" (Birmingham). Lebte in London.

40. Academic Directories What s a course like? Keep Me Informed! Send me AllLearn s monthly newsletter. DETAILS/DISCOUNTS. spencer, herbert, http://www.alllearn.org/er/tree.jsp?c=40580

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