1. SOCRATES: Philosophy's Martyr Excerpts from a new book for the general reader. Also includes a hypertext guide to web resources. http://www.btinternet.com/~socratic/

SOCRATES: Philosophy's martyr BY ANTHONY GOTTLIEB EXCERPTS BUY IT SOCRATES ON THE WEB "Outstanding" THE TIMES How was Socrates different from other martyrs? - What sort of man was he? - What is Socratic irony? - Was he put on trial for political reasons? - What was his attitude to religion? - Why were the Athenians sick of him? - Is Plato's Socrates the real Socrates? - How did his views differ from Plato's? - How come we know anything at all about him? - What was his theory about virtue? - How far can it be defended? - Why did he say that a good man cannot be harmed? - Was he just naive? - Why does he count as a philosopher? - Why were many of his followers so strange? - What is his legacy? These are some of the questions addressed in the book THE AUTHOR Anthony Gottlieb is Executive Editor of The Economist and a former departmental fellow in philosophy at Birkbeck College, London University. He studied philosophy at Cambridge University, did graduate work at University College London, and was a visiting fellow at Harvard University's School of Public Health. Socrates is based on a chapter from the first volume of his forthcoming two-volume history of western philosophy The Dream of Reason . The first volume, covering Thales to the Renaissance, has been published by Penguin in

2. SocratesIntro Europos SÄ jungos socrates programos koordinavimo paramos fondas. http://www.socrates.lt/

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3. Socrates: Philosophical Life socrates Philosophical Life. socrates. But every answer he offers is subjected to the full force of socrates s critical thinking, until nothing certain remains. http://www.philosophypages.com/hy/2d.htm

Philosophy Pages F A Q Dictionary ... Locke Socrates: Philosophical Life Socrates Socrates Life and Teachings Defining Piety Methods / Aims Civil Obedience ... Internet Sources The most interesting and influential thinker in the fifth century was Socrates , whose dedication to careful reasoning transformed the entire enterprise. Since he sought genuine knowledge rather than mere victory over an opponent, Socrates employed the same logical tricks developed by the Sophists to a new purpose, the pursuit of truth. Thus, his willingness to call everything into question and his determination to accept nothing less than an adequate account of the nature of things make him the first clear exponent of critical philosophy. Although he was well known during his own time for his conversational skills and public teaching, Socrates wrote nothing, so we are dependent upon his students (especially Xenophon and Plato ) for any detailed knowledge of his methods and results. The trouble is that Plato was himself a philosopher who often injected his own theories into the dialogues he presented to the world as discussions between Socrates and other famous figures of the day. Nevertheless, it is usually assumed that at least the early dialogues of Plato provide a (fairly) accurate representation of Socrates himself. Euthyphro : What is Piety?

4. Socrates A brief discussion of the life and works of socrates, with links to electronic texts and additional information. socrates (469399 BCE). http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/socr.htm

Philosophy Pages F A Q Dictionary ... Locke Socrates 469-399 B.C.E. Life and Teachings Defining Piety Methods / Aims ... Internet Sources In his use of critical reasoning, by his unwavering commitment to truth, and through the vivid example of his own life, fifth-century Athenian Socrates set the standard for all subsequent Western philosophy. Since he left no literary legacy of his own, we are dependent upon contemporary writers like Aristophanes and Xenophon for our information about his life and work. As a pupil of Archelaus during his youth, Socrates showed a great deal of interest in the scientific theories of Anaxagoras , but he later abandoned inquiries into the physical world for a dedicated investigation of the development of moral character. Having served with some distinction as a soldier at Delium and Amphipolis during the Peloponnesian War, Socrates dabbled in the political turmoil that consumed Athens after the War, then retired from active life to work as a stonemason and to raise his children with his wife, Xanthippe. After inheriting a modest fortune from his father, the sculptor Sophroniscus, Socrates used his marginal financial independence as an opportunity to give full-time attention to inventing the practice of philosophical dialogue. For the rest of his life, Socrates devoted himself to free-wheeling discussion with the aristocratic young citizens of Athens, insistently questioning their unwarranted confidence in the truth of popular opinions, even though he often offered them no clear alternative teaching. Unlike the professional

5. The Last Days Of Socrates The Last Days of socrates. This site is designed to help first year philosophy students read the Euthyphro, Apology http://socrates.clarke.edu/

The Last Days of Socrates This site is designed to help first year philosophy students read the Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, and the death scene from the Phaedo. Euthyphro Apology Crito Phaedo ... Spanish Version April 18, 2000 Kent Anderson, Ph.D. and Norm Freund, Ph.D.

6. EUROPA - Redirection Redirection page http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/socrates.html

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7. The Last Days Of Socrates socrates. Although socrates (470399 BCE) is the central figure of these dialogues, little is actually known about him. socrates mother was a midwife. http://socrates.clarke.edu/aplg0260.htm

Socrates Although Socrates (470-399 BCE) is the central figure of these dialogues, little is actually known about him. He left no writings, and what is known is derived largely from Plato and Xenophon Socrates was a stone cutter by trade, even though there is little evidence that he did much to make a living. However, he did have enough money to own a suit of armor when he was a hoplite in the Athenian military. Socrates' mother was a midwife. He was married and had three sons . Throughout his life he claimed to hear voices which he interpreted as signs from the gods. It appears that Socrates spent much of his adult life in the agora (or the marketplace) conversing about ethical issues. He had a penchant for exposing ignorance, hypocrisy, and conceit among among his fellow Athenians , particularly in regard to moral questions. In all probability, he was disliked by most of them. However, Socrates did have a loyal following. He was very influential in the lives of Plato , Euclid, Alcibiades, and many others. As such, he was associated with the undemocratic faction of Athens . Although Socrates went to great lengths to distinguish himself from the sophists , it is unlikely that his fellow Athenians made such a distinction in their minds.

8. The Socrates Argument Clinic Argue with the great philosopher in the style of the Monty Python sketch. http://www.mindspring.com/~mfpatton/sclinic.htm

T he S ocrates A rgument C linic The Socrates Argument Clinic is closely based on Monty Python's Argument Clinic In this version, however, you will have a chance to match your wits against history's most famous philosopher. Unlike some of the dialogues, a sycophantic response (or ad hominem argument) may bring on the ridicule of others. Your challenge is to complete the argument without making Socrates drink the hemlock. But if you can't contain yourself, click on the hemlock icon- Frequently Anticipated Questions Does this argument resemble the Socratic dialogues? Why was Socrates put to death? Is there anyway to actually win or even complete the argument? Why should I bother? ... Return to Patton's Argument Clinic

9. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Socrates Greek philosopher. (469399 B.C.) http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14119a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... S > Socrates A B C D ... Z Socrates Christian apologists have no difficulty in refuting the contention that he was the equal of the Christian saints . His frequent references to a "divine voice" that inspired him at critical moments in his career are, perhaps, best explained by saying that they are simply his peculiar way of speaking about the promptings of his own conscience. They do not necessarily imply a pathological condition of his mind, nor a superstitous belief in the existence of a "familiar demon". Knowledge through concepts is certain, Socrates taught, and offers a firm foundation for the structure not only of theoretical knowledge, but also of moral principles, and the science of human conduct, Socrates went so far as to maintain that all right conduct depends on clear knowledge, that not only does a definition of a virtue aid us in acquiring that virtue, but that the definition of the virtue is the virtue. A man who can define justice is just, and, in general, theoretical insight into the principles of conduct is identical with moral excellence in conduct; knowledge is virtue. Contrariwise, ignorance is vice, and no one can knowingly do wrong. These principles are, of couse only partly true. Their formulation, however, at this time was of tremendous importance, because it marks the beginning of an attempt to build up on general principles a science of human conduct. Socrates devoted little attention to questions of physics and cosmogony . Indeed, he did not conceal his contempt for these questions when comparing them with questions affecting man, his nature and his destiny. He was, however, interested in the question of the

10. Greek Philosophy: Socrates Ancient Greece The Peloponnesian Wars    History. The growing power of Athens had frightened other Greek states for years before the Peloponnesian War broke out in 431. by Alcibiades, a pupil of http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GREECE/SOCRATES.HTM

Ancient Greece The Peloponnesian Wars History . The growing power of Athens had frightened other Greek states for years before the Peloponnesian War broke out in 431. During the war, Pericles died in the plague of Athens (429); fortunes of war varied until a truce was made in 421, but this was never very stable and in 415 Athens was persuaded by Alcibiades , a pupil of the Athenian teacher, Socrates, to send a huge force to Sicily in an attempt to take over some of the cities there. This expedition was destroyed in 413. Nevertheless Athens continued the war. In 411 an oligarchy ("rule by a few") was instituted in Athens in an attempt to secure financial support from Persia, but this did not work out and the democracy was soon restored. In 405 the last Athenian fleet was destroyed in the battle of Aegospotami by a Spartan commander, and the city was besieged and forced to surrender in 404. Sparta set up an oligarchy of Athenian nobles (among them Critias, a former associate of Socrates and a relative of Plato), which because of its brutality became known as the Thirty Tyrants. By 403 democracy was once again restored. Socrates was brought to trial and executed in 399. Ancient Greece Plato Socrates (469-399), despite his foundational place in the history of ideas, actually wrote nothing. Most of our knowledge of him comes from the works of

11. Pagina Agentiei Nationale Socrates Bd. Schitu Magureanu nr.1, et.2, Sector 5, Bucuresti,70626 Tel(021)3113505, 3121187, Fax(021)3113500. http://www.socrates.ro/

Agentia Nationala Socrates Informatii utile pentru beneficiari Prezentarea Agentiei Actiuni Socrates Personalul Agentiei ... Conferinte de diseminare Socrates National Agency About Us Romanian Universities participating in Erasmus Local Educational Authorities (inspectorates) Romanian Education System ... General call for proposals 2004 Bd. Schitu Magureanu nr.1, et.2, Sector 5, Bucuresti,70626 Tel:(021)3113505, 3121187, Fax:(021)3113500 var uid="0HRA", no = "0", v="4.0";

12. UK Socrates-Erasmus Council Offers funding to students and staff at European higher education institutions for exchanges to other EU countries. http://www.erasmus.ac.uk/

Home Page Info for Institutions Info for Students Publications ... The Europa Server UK Socrates-Erasmus Council Welcome to UK Socrates-Erasmus Erasmus Student Prize 2004 [What is Erasmus?] [Beth yw Erasmus?]-Welsh The Socrates Erasmus Programme is administered in the UK by: UK Socrates-Erasmus Council, The University, CANTERBURY, Kent. CT2 7PD Tel: Fax: Email: [info@erasmus.ac.uk To navigate these pages, please use the navigation bar at the top of each screen. We would welcome any comments about our site or the Socrates-Erasmus Programme. Please follow this link and fill in the [Feedback/Evaluation Form] To contact UK SOCRATES-ERASMUS please E-mail: info@erasmus.ac.uk Last Modified on 18th May 2004 var site="sm9erasmus"

13. Socrates Sculpture Park History and information on current exhibit, community and education programs. Located in Long Island City, New York. http://www.socratessculpturepark.org/

Contact us at info@socratessculpturepark.org

14. Socrates, Philosophy, Science, Gambling, Lottery, Software The fundamental formula of gambling, computational psychology and philosophy. Free text editing and lottery software. http://www.saliu.com/

Site Map The content of this site is inspired by Socrates , the wisest of the mortals and gods ever. I worship no gods here, nor do I worship humans. I only draw your attention to Socrates' dialectical method: Everything is a unity of two opposites. At the very beginning of the end there is the very end of the beginning: Infinite and Nothingness . Expansion created by the Big-Bang followed by Implosion created by the Big-Crunch and so on for ever and never. If A is legitimate, non-A must have legitimacy as well. For there is no logical foundation for the expression only A is legitimate ; or, only Opposite-A is legitimate . I synthesize these statements in the Fundamental Formula of Philosophy (FF0): Creation = Destruction There are no principles (forces, in terms of physics) above or more general than Creation and Destruction. The creation of creation is still creation; the destruction of destruction is still destruction. At the next lower level, there is the unity of the opposites Energy and Matter. Matter represents relatively static states of Energy. We may write the next lower level Fundamental Formula (FF1) as: E*D = M*L (Energy Times Darkness = Matter Times Light) I try to illustrate all this briefly via the science of gambling and snippets of computational psychology, philosophy.

15. Please Bookmark This New Campus URL For Access To Your Courses And More! Distance learning courses for potential online teachers desiring to enhance their professional development utilizing web based training in the education field. http://socrates.aionline.edu/

You are being redirected to the new campus Web address for Socrates Distance Learning Technologies Group. Please bookmark this new address!

16. :: Socrates Digital Video :: Ontwikkelt complexe beeldverwerkingsapplicaties voor computer imaging en verkoopt hardware en software voor professionele desktop video. http://www.socrates.nl

17. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Socrates socrates. A historian 39). The general character of the work of socrates can be judged from his attitude on doctrinal questions. Living http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14118b.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... S > Socrates A B C D ... Z Socrates A historian of the Early Church, b. at Constantinople towards the end of the fourth century. Nothing is known of his parentage and his early years with the exception of a few details found in his own works. He tells us himself (Hist. eccl., V, xxiv) that he studied under the grammarians Helladius and Ammonius, and from the title of scholasticus which is given to him it has been concluded that he belonged to the legal profession. The greater part of his life was spent in Constantinople, for which reason, as he admits, the affairs of that city occupy such a large part in his works. From the manner in which he speaks of other cities and from his references as an eyewitness to events which happened outside Constantinople, he is credited with having visited other countries in the East. Though a layman he was excellently qualified to recount the history of ecclesiastical affairs. Love of history, especially the history of his own time, and a warm admiration for impelled him to undertake the task in which he was sustained by the urgent solicitation of a certain Theodorus to whom his work is dedicated. His purpose was to continue the work of

18. The Last Days Of Socrates Online texts of the Apology, Crito, Euthrypho, and Phaedo. Includes Jowett notes, as well as drawings to aid the reader new to Greek philosophy. Also includes a glossary of terms and names. http://socrates.clarke.edu/index.htm

The Last Days of Socrates This site is designed to help first year philosophy students read the Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, and the death scene from the Phaedo. Euthyphro Apology Crito Phaedo ... Spanish Version April 18, 2000 Kent Anderson, Ph.D. and Norm Freund, Ph.D.

19. Inventory Of Internet Resources In Phonetics Links to internet resources in phonetics and speech communication. http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/resource/cal-top.htm

SOCRATES Thematic Network in Phonetics and Speech Communication Computer Aided Learning and Use of Internet Working Group Inventory of Internet Resources The inventory is currently maintained under the following general headings: Computer Aided Learning in General Computer Aided Learning Information Computer Aided Learning Tools Education in Phonetics and Speech Communication Educational Materials Course and Curriculum Information Acoustic, Phonetic and Linguistic Data Speech, Signal and Language Processing Tools ... Working Group Home Page

20. Redirection 10/05/2004 Participation of Turkey in the socrates, Leonard da Vinci and Youth programme The Memorandum of Understanding establishing Turkey s participation in http://europa.eu.int/en/comm/dg22/socrates.html

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