1. Thomas Kuhn Thomas Samuel Kuhn was born on July 18, 1922, in In 1956, Kuhn accepted a post at the University of In 1983 he was named Laurence S. Rockefeller Professor of http://www.emory.edu/EDUCATION/mfp/Kuhnsnap.html

Thomas Kuhn Thomas Samuel Kuhn was born on July 18, 1922, in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. He received a Ph. D. in physics from Harvard University in 1949 and remained there as an assistant professor of general education and history of science. In 1956, Kuhn accepted a post at the University of CaliforniaBerkeley, where in 1961 he became a full professor of history of science. In 1964, he was named M. Taylor Pyne Professor of Philosophy and History of Science at Princeton University. In 1979 he returned to Boston, this time to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as professor of philosophy and history of science. In 1983 he was named Laurence S. Rockefeller Professor of Philosophy at MIT. Of the five books and countless articles he published, Kuhn's most renown work is The Structure of Scientific Revolutions , which he wrote while a graduate student in theoretical physics at Harvard. Initially published as a monograph in the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, it was published in book form by the University of Chicago Press in 1962. It has sold some one million copies in 16 languages and is required reading in courses dealing with education, history, psychology, research, and, of course, history and philosophy of science. Structure has also generated a good deal of controversy, and many of Kuhn's ideas have been powerfully challenged (see Weinberg link below).

2. Thomas S. Kuhn Thomas S. Kuhn. Professor Emeritus Thomas S. Kuhn, the internationally known historian of science and philosopher, died Monday, June http://the-tech.mit.edu/V116/N28/kuhn.28n.html

Thomas S. Kuhn Professor Emeritus Thomas S. Kuhn, the internationally known historian of science and philosopher, died Monday, June 17, at his home in Cambridge. He had been ill for the last two years with cancer of the bronchial tubes and throat. He was 73. Kuhn was the author of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), a seminal work on the nature of scientific change and was widely celebrated as a central figure in contemporary thought about how the scientific process evolves. The New York Times credited Kuhn's book with popularizing the word "paradigm"because it appeared so frequently. Vice President Al Gore, in his June 7 commencement address, used Kuhn's theories to frame his argument about the relationship beween science and technology. "Well-established theories collapse under the weight of new facts and observations which cannot be explained, and then accumulate to the point where the once useful theory is clearly obsolete," he said. As new facts continue to accumulate, a new, more accurate paradigm must replace the old one. More than one million copies of Kuhn's 1962 book have been printed. It has been translated into more than a dozen languages and is still a basic text in the study of the history of science and technology.

3. Thomas Samuel Kuhn - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Selected works. Thomas S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1962 ISBN 0226458083. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Samuel_Kuhn

4. KUHN: Thomas S. Kuhn Books http://kolmogorov.com/Kuhn.html

5. WIEM: Kuhn Thomas kuhn thomas s. (19221996), amerykanski filozof i historyk nauki. kuhn thomas s. (1922-1996), amerykanski filozof i historyk nauki. http://wiem.onet.pl/wiem/00e0d8.html

WIEM 2004 - zobacz now± edycjê encyklopedii! Kup abonament i encyklopediê na CD-ROM, sprawd¼ ofertê cenow±! Oferta specjalna abonamentów dla szkó³ i instytucji! Uwaga! Przedstawione poni¿ej has³o pochodzi z archiwalnej edycji WIEM 2001! Prace redakcyjne nad edycj± 2001 zosta³y zakoñczone. Zapraszamy do korzystania z nowej, codziennie aktualizowanej i wzbogacanej w nowe tre¶ci edycji WIEM 2004 Filozofia, Stany Zjednoczone Kuhn Thomas Kuhn Thomas S. (1922-1996), amerykañski filozof i historyk nauki. Profesor uniwersytetów w Berkeley i Princeton oraz Massachusetts Institute of Technology w Cambridge. Stworzy³ koncepcjê, wg której ka¿da dyscyplina wiedzy uprawiana jest wg mo¿liwo¶ci i ograniczeñ wynikaj±cych z  paradygmatu , okre¶laj±cego standard naukowo¶ci i ogólne teoretyczne zasady uprawiania nauki. Dany paradygmat ma zawsze charakter historyczny i po pewnym czasie jest zastêpowany przez inny, przy czym zmiana taka nastêpuje w drodze rewolucji, czyli radykalnej zmiany ca³ego systemu norm. Poprzedza j± d³u¿szy lub krótszy kryzys autorytetów, w trakcie którego uczeni trac± zaufanie do obowi±zuj±cej wizji ¶wiata i nauki. Podstawowe dzie³o Kuhna: Struktura rewolucji naukowych (1962, wydanie polskie 1968). W Polsce ukaza³ siê te¿ wybór jego artyku³ów

6. Kuhn Thomas Samuel From FOLDOC Recommended Reading Thomas S. Kuhn, BlackBody Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity, 1894-1912 (Chicago, 1987); World Changes Thomas Kuhn and the Nature of http://www.swif.uniba.it/lei/foldop/foldoc.cgi?Kuhn Thomas Samuel

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Search by ISBN, Title, Author, Keyword, or Advanced Thomas S Kuhn Textbooks Next Textbooks by Thomas S Kuhn The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Paperback - Show all editions Thomas S. Kuhn , November, 1996 University of Chicago Press (Trd) List Price: $13.00 Customer Rating: 4.04/5 ISBN: 0226458083 Reconstructing Scientific Revolutions: Thomas S. Kuhn's Philosophy of Science Paperback - Show all editions Paul Hoyningen-Huene Alexander J. Levine Thomas S. Kuhn , May, 1993 University of Chicago Press List Price: $26.00 Customer Rating: 5/5 ISBN: 0226355519 The Road Since Structure: Philosophical Essays, 1970-1993, With an Autobiographical Interview Hardcover - Show all editions Thomas S. Kuhn Jim Conant John Haugeland ... James Conant , November, 2000 University of Chicago Press (Trd) List Price: $25.00 Customer Rating: 3.5/5 ISBN: 0226457982 The Copernican Revolution: Planetary Astronomy in the Development of Western Thought Paperback - Show all editions Thomas S. Kuhn , January, 1992 Harvard Univ Pr List Price: $13.45 Customer Rating: 4.75/5 ISBN: 0674171039 Black-Body Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity, 1894-1912

8. Thomas Samuel Kuhn - Encyclopedia Article About Thomas Samuel Kuhn. Free Access, Selected works. Thomas S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1962 ISBN 0226458083. preview not available. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Thomas Samuel Kuhn

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Thomas Samuel Kuhn Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Thomas Samuel Kuhn July 18 July 18 is the 199th day (200th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 166 days remaining. Events 64 - Great fire of Rome: A fire begins to burn in the merchant area of Rome and soon burns completely out of control while Emperor Nero reportedly plays his lyre and sings while watching the blaze from a safe distance. 1830 - Uruguay adopts its first constitution. Click the link for more information. Millennia: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s - Years: 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 - Events January 7 - Dáil Éireann ratifies the Anglo-Irish Treaty by 64-57 votes. January 10 - Arthur Griffith is elected President of Dáil Éireann Click the link for more information. June 17 June 17 is the 168th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (169th in leap years), with 197 days remaining. Events 1497 - Battle of Deptford Bridge 1579 - Sir Francis Drake claims California for England 1775 - American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Bunker Hill is fought 1776 - American invasion of Quebec ends 1856 - The United States Republican Party holds its first political convention, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (they will eventually nominate John C. Fremont as their first Presidential candidate)

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14. Kuhn's Structure Of Scientific Revolutions - Outline The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. by thomas S. kuhn. Outline and Study Guide prepared by Professor Frank Pajares Emory University. http://www.emory.edu/EDUCATION/mfp/Kuhn.html

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by Thomas S. Kuhn Outline and Study Guide prepared by Professor Frank Pajares Emory University Chapter I - Introduction: A Role for History. Kuhn begins by formulating some assumptions that lay the foundation for subsequent discussion and by briefly outlining the key contentions of the book. A scientific community cannot practice its trade without some set of received beliefs (p. 4). These beliefs form the foundation of the "educational initiation that prepares and licenses the student for professional practice" (5). The nature of the "rigorous and rigid" preparation helps ensure that the received beliefs exert a "deep hold" on the student's mind. Normal science To this end, "normal science often suppresses fundamental novelties because they are necessarily subversive of its basic commitments" (5). Research is "a strenuous and devoted attempt to force nature into the conceptual boxes supplied by professional education" (5). A shift in professional commitments to shared assumptions takes place when an anomaly "subverts the existing tradition of scientific practice" (6). These shifts are what Kuhn describes as

15. Thomas Kuhn's Irrationalism By James Franklin thomas kuhn's irrationalism , discusses the role of kuhn's philosophy in the humanities http://www.newcriterion.com/archive/18/jun00/kuhn.htm

Thomas Kuhn's irrationalism by James Franklin F author Anatomy of Criticism Ulysses The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Structure New Political Dictionary want If what we are discussing were a point of law or of the humanities, in which neither true nor false exists, one might trust in subtlety of mind and readiness of tongue and in the greater experience of the writers, and expect him who excelled in those things to make his reasoning more plausible, and one might judge it to be the best. But in natural sciences whose conclusions are true and necessary and have nothing to do with human will, one must take care not to place oneself in the defense of error; for here a thousand Demostheneses and a thousand Aristotles would be left in the lurch by every mediocre wit who happened to hit upon the truth for himself. End of History all A Golden Bough theomachy , a mode of explanation which worked so brilliantly for Marx and Freud, and, long before, for Homer. What was previously thought to be a continuous and uninteresting succession of random events is discovered to be a conflict of a finite number of hidden gods (classes, complexes, paradigms, as the case may be), who manipulate the flux of appearances to their own advantage, but whose machinations may be uncovered by the elect to whom the key has been revealed. A In his new book Thomas Kuhn: A Philosophical History for Our Times DNA The Copernican Revolution I The Cultural Cold War which described the CIA Acid Dreams

16. Thomas Kuhn thomas kuhn. Tim Healy, Santa Clara University. The first edition of thomas kuhn's "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" appeared just over 30 years ago, in 1962. http://www.ee.scu.edu/eefac/healy/kuhn.html

THOMAS KUHN Tim Healy Santa Clara University The first edition of Thomas Kuhn's "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" appeared just over 30 years ago, in 1962. His vision has revolutionized the way we think about science, and has given us as well a new way to look at change in all of life. I find Kuhn's image of a paradigm to be very useful in my understanding of myself, and of the changes that take place in all of life, scientific, social, religious, everything. Some people may not like to carry over the analogy into non-scientific aspects of our life, and that is fine. If the concept is not useful, then of course you should not use it. I speak only for myself when I say that it has helped me understand many things. Whether in the sciences, or in other aspects of our lives, paradigm shifts seem to have some common characteristics. 1, Paradigm shifts are a necessary part of life. Things do change, and we have to adjust to that change. 2. Paradigm shifts can be bad. Society needs quite a bit of stability, so that it can depend on its view of the world. Constant shifts in major elements of our paradigm would make our lives very difficult. 3. Paradigm shifts often come from the young. Older people have more to conserve. They have more of investment, financial and psychological, in their paradigm. Winston Churchill said that any man who is not a liberal at 20 has no heart, and any man who is not a conservative at 40 has no mind.

17. Philosophy Of Science & Information Technology: @Brint.com (tm) thomas S. kuhn in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Joel Barker, thomas kuhn, and Paradigms. The Limits of Science The Museum of Contemporary Ideas thomas kuhn. The Natural View of Scientific Progress and the Failure of the Causal http://www.brint.com/kuhn.htm

About BRINT News About BRINT Contact Us Advertise Instant Intelligence for Business, Information, Technology, and Knowledge Management Channels General Business Business Technology E-Business Knowledge Management Community Join the Network! Community Forums Community Events Executive Jobs Use Brint.com 'Power Search' to Save Your Search Time by More Than 90% SEARCH HELP A Tribute to Thomas Kuhn Related Subject Portals Aristotle Francis Bacon Auguste Comte Confucius ... Wittgenstein This page was initiated on the evening of June 21st, 1996, after knowing about Thomas Kuhn's demise from separate sources "[Individuals who break through by inventing a new paradigm are] almost always...either very young or very new to the field whose paradigm they change....These are the men who, being little committed by prior practice to the traditional rules of normal science, are particularly likely to see that those rules no longer define a playable game and to conceive another set that can replace them." Thomas S. Kuhn in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions On Science, Scientific Method And Evolution Of Scientific Thought: A Philosophy Of Science Perspective Of Quasi-Experimentation (Malhotra)

18. Thomas S. Kuhn En la Universidad de Chile. http://rehue.csociales.uchile.cl/rehuehome/facultad/publicaciones/Talon/talon4/t

UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES MARZO, 1997 Thomas S. Kuhn L Thomas Samuel Kuhn Criticism and the Growtb of Knowledge, Facultad Oscar Aguilera F.

19. Thomas Kuhn, 1922-1996 thomas kuhn, 73; Devised Science Paradigm Obituary By Lawrence Van Gelder thomas S. kuhn, whose theory of sclentific revolution became a profoundly http://www.sal.wisc.edu/~sobolpg/kuhn.htm

The New York Times, June 19, 1996, p. B7. Thomas Kuhn, 73; Devised Science Paradigm [Obituary] By Lawrence Van Gelder Thomas S. Kuhn, whose theory of sclentific revolution became a profoundly influential landmark of 20th-century intellectual history, died on Monday at his home in Cambridge, Mass. He was 73. Robert Dilorio, associate director of the news office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said the scholar, who held the title of professor emeritus at M.I.T., had been ill with cancer in recent years. "The Structure of Scientific RevoIutions," was conceived while Protessor Kuhn was a graduate student in theoretical physics and published as a monograph in the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science before the University of Chicago Press issued it as a 180-page book in 1962. The work punctured the widely held notion that scientific change was a strictly rational process. Professor's Kuhn's treatise influenced not only scientists but also economists, historians, sociologists and philosophers, touching off considerable debate. It has sold about one million copies in 16 languages and remains required reading in many basic courses in the history and philosophy of science. Dr. Kuhn, a professor of philosophy and history of science at M.I.T. from 1979 to 1983 and the Laurence S. Rockefeller Professor of Philosophy there from 1983 until 1991, was the author or co-author of five books and scores of articles on the philosophy and history of science. But Dr. Kuhn remained best known for "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions." His thesis was that science was not a steady, cumulative acquisition of knowledge. Instead, he wrote, it is "a series of peaceful interludes punctuated by intellectually violent revolutions." And in those revolutions, he wrote, "one conceptual world view is replaced by another." Thus, Einstein's theory of relativity could challenge Newton's concepts of physics. Lavoisier's discovery of oxygen could sweep away earlier ideas about phlogiston, the imaginary element believed to cause combustion. Galileo's supposed experiments with wood and lead balls dropped from the Leaning Tower of Pisa could banish the Aristotelian theory that bodies fell at a speed proportional to their weight. And Darwin's theory of natural selection could overthrow theories of a world governed by design. Professor Kuhn argued in the book that the typical scientist was not an objective, free thinker and skeptic. Rather, he was a somewhat conservative individual who accepted what he was taught and appiied his knowledge to solving the problems that came before him. In so doing, Professor Kuhn maintained, these scientists accepted a paradigm, an archetypal solution to a problem, like Ptolemy's theory that the Sun revolves around the Earth. Generally conservative, scientists would tend to solve problems in ways that extended the scope of the paradigm. In such periods, he maintained, scientists tend to resist research that might signal the development of a new paradigm, like the work of the astronomer Aristarchus, who theorized in the third century B.C. that the planets revolve around the Sun. But, Professor Kuhn said, situations arose that the paradigm could not account for or that contradicted it. And then, he said, a revolutionary would appear, a Lavoisier or an Einstein, often a young scientist not indoctrinated in the accepted theories, and sweep the old paradigm away. These revolutions, he said, came only after long periods of tradition-bound normal science. "Frameworks must be lived with and explored before they can be broken," Professor Kuhn said. The new paradigm cannot build on the one that precedes it, he maintained. It can only supplant it. The two, he said, were "incommensurable." Some critics said Professor Kuhn was arguing that scieace was little more than mob rule. He replied, "Look, I think that's nonsense, and I'm prepared to argue that." The word paradigm appeared so frequently in Professor's Kuhn's "Structures" and with so many possible meanings prompting debate that he was credited with popularizing the word and inspiring a 1974 cartoon in The New Yorker. In. it, a woman tells a man: "Dynamite, Mr. Gerston! You're the first person I ever heard use 'paradigm' in real life." Professor Kuhn traced the origin of his thesis to a moment in 1947 when he was working toward a doctorate in physics at Harvard. James B. Conant, the chemist who was the president of the university, had asked him to teach a class in science for undergraduates majoring in the humanities. The focus was to be historical case studies. Until then, Professor Kuhn said later, "I'd never read an old document in science." As he looked through Aristotle's "Physics" and realized how astonishingly unlike Newton's were its concepts of motion and matter, he concluded that Aristotle's physics were not "bad Newton" but simply different. Professor Kuhn received a doctorate in physics, but not long afterward he switched to the history of science exploring the mechanisms that lead to scientific change. "I sweated blood and blood and blood, and finally I had a breakthrough," he said. Thomas Samuel Kuhn, the son of Samuel L. Kuhn, an industrial engineer, and the former Annette Stroock, was born on July 18, 1922, in Cincinnati. In 1943, he graduated summa cum laude from Harvard with a bachelor's degree in physics. During World War II, he served as a civilian employee at Harvard and in Europe with the Office of Scientific Research and Development. He received master's and doctoral degrees in physics from Harvard in 1946 and 1949. From 1948 to 1956, he held various posts at Harvard, rising to an assistant professorship in general education and the history of science. He then joined the faculty of the University of California at Berkeley, where he was named a professor of history of science in 1961. In 1964, he joined the faculty at Princeton, where he was the M. Taylor Pyne Professor of Philosophy and History of Science until 1979, when he joined the faculty of M.I.T. Professor Kuhn was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1954-55, the winner of the George Sarton Medal in the History of Science in 1982, and the holder of honorary degrees from many institutions, among them the University of Notre Dame, Columbia University, the University of Chicago the University of Padua and the University of Athens. He is survived by his wife, Jehane and three children, Sarah Kuhn of Framingham, Mass., Elizabeth Kuhn of Los Angeles and Nathaniel Kuhn of Arlington, Mass.

20. Thomas Kuhn: Paradigms Die Hard Essay by Imran Javaid in the December 1997 Harvard Science Review. http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~nagiel/99_hsr_webpage/hsr/winter97/kuhn.html

Thomas Kuhn: Paradigms Die Hard Thomas Kuhn's book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions , was a landmark publication. Mystery abounds in our universe. Human attempts to grapple with the intricacies of our world, to correctly interpret nature's whisperings, to discern pattern in the muddle of our sense perceptions are ultimately just thathuman attempts. If the role of scientists is to find harmony in place of cacophony and unity where we find discord, their endeavor must be necessarily less than perfect. Perhaps no modern thinker has better convinced us of this than Thomas S. Kuhn. Was Kuhn's famous 1962 essay "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions"intended for the now obscure International Encyclopedia of Unified Sciencea radical and revolutionary manifesto liberating science from the cold language of Baconian logic? Or was it merely an essay that brought to the public arena what was often debated only in history of science conferences? Indeed, the essay was later translated into sixteen languages, and over one million copies have been solda very high number for such an intellectually rigorous book. Even after Kuhn's death last summer, philosophers and scientists remain divided on Kuhn's essay and the nature of Kuhn's legacy.

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