1. Confucius The sources for confucius' life are later and do not carefully separate fiction and fact Many of the legends surrounding confucius at the end of the 2nd century BCE were http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/confucius

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z This document uses XHTML-1/Unicode to format the display. Older browsers and/or operating systems may not display the formatting correctly. last substantive content change JUL Confucius Confucius (551-479 BCE), according to Chinese tradition, was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. His teachings, preserved in the Analects , form the foundation of much of subsequent Chinese speculation on the education and comportment of the ideal man, how such an individual should live his live and interact with others, and the forms of society and government in which he should participate. Fung Yu-lan, one of the great 20 th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius' influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West. 1. Confucius' Life 2. Confucius' Social Philosophy 3. Confucius' Political Philosophy 4. Confucius and Education ... Related Entries 1. Confucius' Life The sources for Confucius' life are later and do not carefully separate fiction and fact. Thus it is wise to regard much of what is known of him as legendary. Many of the legends surrounding Confucius at the end of the 2

2. Ethics Of Confucius, Mencius And Xun-zi By Sanderson Beck Chapter from a book by Sanderson Beck. Discusses the life story and teachings of each of these classical Chinese thinkers. http://www.san.beck.org/EC14-Confucian.html

BECK index Confucius, Mencius and Xun-zi This chapter is part of the book ANCIENT WISDOM AND FOLLY, which has now been published. For information on ordering click here. Confucius Teachings of Confucius Followers of Confucius ... Later Confucian Works As education and literacy spread in China and scholars became influential as ministers of rulers, philosophers also began to flourish. In the late sixth century BC two of the greatest philosophers of all time emerged in China - Lao-zi, the founder of Daoism, and Confucius, whose philosophy and religion came to dominate China for more than two millennia. Confucius Confucius is the Latinized form of Kong Fu-zi, which means Kong the master. Confucius was born in the small state of Lu in 551 BC and died in 479 BC. This was a time of turmoil, political intrigue, and numerous small wars in the last part of the Spring and Autumn era. Assassinations, bribery, adultery, and other crimes were common even though punishments were severe. In Lu three families contended for the hereditary rulership, while numerous educated aristocrats sought positions in the government, and many suffered poverty. Confucius was brought up as a gentleman, who took up music, archery, and fishing, although he said he fished without a net and would not shoot at a bird at rest. He was so absorbed in music that once he did not know the taste of meat for three months. He also learned to do practical jobs of humble people such as keeper of the stores and head of the pastures. However, most of the time Confucius was not able to find an official position though he was willing to do anything that did not involve wrong-doing. Perhaps it was his ethical concerns that prevented him from being useful to the rulers of his time. Instead he occupied his time in what he loved the most - the pursuit of learning.

3. Confucius Publishing Home Page Translation of selected verses of the Analects of confucius in English,Spanish, Portuguese, French, Japanese and Modern Chinese. http://www.confucius.org/

Home MAIN MENU Viewing Languages 18-language CD-ROM About This Translation

4. Kong Fu Zi - Confucius To many people, confucius is no more than the setup to a oneline joke. Fewhave heard or read any of his teachings. A biography of confucius. http://www.cifnet.com/~geenius/kongfuzi/

To learn and from time to time to apply what one has learned isn't that a pleasure? Analects 1:1 [Home] The Modern Confucius [Biography] [Teachings] [Books] ... [Mailbag] Photo by Victor Hugo Miranda Jr. To many people, Confucius is no more than the setup to a one-line joke. Few have heard or read any of his teachings. Yet the truth and importance of his words resonate today when they are heard, because Confucius' teachings developed in reaction to the times in which he lived and our times are very much like his. According to writings of the era, the days in which Confucius lived were, compared to the past, a time of moral chaos, in which common values were widely rejected or simply disregarded. Crime was on the rise, with robbery and theft increasing in the countryside and murder a serious problem in the cities and at court; there was a general lack of interest in trying to reintegrate criminals into society. The gulf between rich and poor was broad and growing, with the rich living extravagantly in enormous mansions while an abundance of food somehow failed to reach the hungry who needed it. Government was routinely corrupt and distrusted by the people, who didn't fail to observe the lack of productivity among the rich and powerful: as the chronicler Shu Xiang noted, "The ministers never go out to work in the field." The economy was changing as well. The productive class mostly farmers was shrinking, while the mercantile sector was growing. The marketplaces were flooded with goods described as being costly and of "no real utility." Part of the growing middle class was a sector of scholars, who had great difficulty finding employment.

5. Confucius MAIN MENU Translation of selected verses of the Analects of confucius in Arabic, Chinese(Traditional), Chinese (Simplified), Dutch, English, French, German, Greek http://www.confucius.org/main01.htm

Home MAIN MENU Viewing Languages 18-language CD-ROM About This Translation This site contains the Lun Yu (499 sayings of Confucius) in 21 languages and a varying amount of other Confucius related contents for each language. You may access them through the Language Sub-menus column on the left below, or by clicking the English descriptions in the Contents column on the right directly: Arabic Chinese (Traditional) Chinese (Simplified) Dutch ... Thai Language Sub-Menus Contents (updated 05 Aug 2003) Chinese (Traditional) The Record of Rites, Book IX, "The Commonwealth State" Biography of Confucius A Selected Verse of The Lun Yu Full Text of The Lun Yu (499 sayings) Picture Archive Mencius , Book VI Kao Tzu Part II. 15 About Confucius Publishing Co. Ltd Message from Mr. William Cheung, President of Confucius Publishing Co. Ltd. Speech made on Anniversary of Confucius' Birthday (1996) Historical Development of Confucianism Speech made on Teacher's Day (1998) Newsclipping about Mr. William Cheung Chinese (Simplified) The Record of Rites, Book IX, "The Commonwealth State" Biography of Confucius A Selected Verse of The Lun Yu Full Text of The Lun Yu (499 sayings) Picture Archive Mencius , Book VI Kao Tzu, Part II. 15

6. Looking For Confucius A list of key characters in the Analects according to seven translations. A special interest in the Original Analects by Bruce and Taeko Brooks. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Bridge/8744

LOOKING FOR CONFUCIUS The Original Analects Key characters Criticism of the Daoists The Way of Ren ... Links Confucius' world was made of elegant court ceremonies, with dance and music. He believed that if a set of rules of courtesy (called "ritual" LI ) were respected in society, relationships would become harmonious. But it also involved an inner awareness of the needs of others ("humanity" REN . Confucius stated the golden rule 400 years before the Bible: "What you do not wish for yourself, do not impose on others." (Analects 12:2). And he had a sense of humor too: "The Governor of She asked about Confucius. Zilu did not reply. The Master said: 'Why did you not say: He is the sort of man who, in his enthusiasm, forgets to eat, in his joy forgets to worry, and who ignores the approach of old age?" (7:19).

7. Analects - Sayings Of Confucius [Kong Zi] [Kung Tze] The full text of Analects online in 16 different languages. http://www.chinapage.com/kungtze1.html

If this screen does not advance by itself, click on either site below. www.chinapage.org www.chinapage.com Your browser does not support scripting.

8. Confucius Says, Users Submit Quotations And Sayings For Publication Familyfriendly, user-submitted quotations and sayings. http://confucius-says.com

SUBMIT This site is dedicated to good natured family safe humor. Everyone is invited to submit humorous quotations and/or sayings Each submission is accepted or denied at the Editors’ discretion, Please have fun ! A Book version including contributors will be published annually. Please send quotations and sayings. To put the world in order, we must first put the nation in order; to put the nation in order, we must put the family in order; to put the family in order, we must cultivate our personal life; and to cultivate our personal life, we must first set our hearts right. Confucius Kong Fu Zi - Confucius Let us so live that when we come to die even the undertaker will be sorry. Contributed by A. Steiner Connecticut USA Attributed to MARK TWAIN A lifetime is more than sufficiently long for people to get what there is of it wrong. Contributed by John Mark San Diego CA USA I don't want to be a passenger in my own life Contributed by Anonymous Attributed to .DIANE ACKERMAN Do not take life too seriously; you will never get out of it alive

9. Confucious Confucious. One of the most famous people in ancient China was a wise philosopher named confucius (circa 551479 BC). He sometimes went by the names Kong Zi though he was born - Kong Qiu - styled Zhong Ni. the end of a fable). confucius is famous for his philosophy because http://www.crystalinks.com/confucius.html

10. Confucius, K Ung-fu-tzu confucius K ungfu-tzu or Kongfuzi. Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 2000,2003 Kelley L. Ross, Ph.D. All Rights Reserved. confucius, Note 1. http://www.friesian.com/confuci.htm

11. .:Confucius's Home:. Pr©sentation de Karl du Qu©bec photos dr´les, programmes, blagues, jeux, trucs et liens. http://www.geocities.com/z_faith_z/

Click Here Click Here

12. Confucius Confucian etexts with every character linked to English definition and etymology. http://zhongwen.com/rujia.htm

Confucian Classics Welcome. This site contains Confucian texts with each character hyperlinked to its definition and etymology. No Chinese software is necessary - characters are displayed as images. Links to English translations are included. The Analects Doctrine of the Mean The Great Learning Classic of Filial Piety For suggestions about improving this site please contact me at riharbau @ indiana.edu. If you like the site please consider adding a link to it.

13. Confucius Biographie et philosophie de confucius. http://perso.wanadoo.fr/revue.shakti/confuc.htm

Confucius Confucius est né en Chine, il y a environ 2500 ans. Confucius, en chinois Kongfuzi (551 à 479 avant J-C), philosophe chinois, fondateur du confucianisme, a été l’un des plus influents penseurs de l’histoire chinoise. L’enseignement de Confucius est basé sur la morale et contient beaucoup de règles de vie pratique. Il a énoncé le premier la loi de bienveillance et de compassion: " Ne faites pas à autrui ce que vous ne voulez pas qu'on vous fasse" Il a vécu à peu près à la même époque que Lao Tseu et Bouddha. Ils sont à l'origine des trois religions actuelles de la Chine. La jeunesse Confucius est né dans l’Etat de Lu dans une famille noble du clan Kong. Son père, gouverneur de la province de Lu, meurt trois ans après sa naissance, laissant la famille sans ressources. Confucius reçoit toutefois une éducation de haut niveau, notamment les traditions culturelles de la dynastie Chou. Il se marie à vingt-quatre ans et a un fils et deux filles. Il exerce momentanément des tâches domestiques pour le chef de la province. Sa carrière d'instructeur Sa mère meurt en 527 avant J-C. Au terme d’une période de deuil, il voyage et dispense son enseignement au petit groupe de disciples qui l’entoure alors. Il est rapidement réputé comme un homme de grande érudition et de caractère, profondément respectueux des idéaux de la tradition.

14. The Internet Classics Archive | Works By Confucius List of works by confucius, part of the Internet Classics Archive CDROMs. Help. Works by confucius. The Analects http://classics.mit.edu/Browse/browse-Confucius.html

Home Search Buy Books and CD-ROMs ... Help Works by Confucius The Analects Written ca. 500 B.C.E Read discussion : 7 comments The Doctrine of the Mean Written ca. 500 B.C.E Read discussion : No comments The Great Learning Written ca. 500 B.C.E Read discussion : 5 comments

15. About.com Confucius Articles and links about confucius and his works. http://chineseculture.about.com/culture/chineseculture/msubconfucius.htm

16. Images Of The Temple Of Culture The Cult of confucius. Images of the Temple of Culture. Thomas A. Wilson. Historyand Asian Studies. Hamilton College. Bibliography on confucius and Confucianism. http://www.hamilton.edu/academics/Asian/TempleCulture.html

The Cult of Confucius Images of the Temple of Culture Thomas A. Wilson History and Asian Studies Hamilton College Version of this web page with Chinese characters Confucianism " is a tradition that traces its beginnings to an educated elite called shi of late antiquity that advised royal and regional feudal authorities during the Zhou dynasty (1134-250 B.C.) on governing, which emphasized the importance of virtuous rule through benevolence and proper conduct called ritual ( li ). The most prominent figure of this educated elite was a man named Kong Qiu (551 to 479 B.C.), usually referred to as Master Kong (Kong-fu zi or Kongzi). In the West, Kongzi is called Confucius, a name given him by Jesuit missionaries in the sixteenth century. Kongzi was born in the Watch Tower (Queli) district of Qufu, then the capital of the state of Lu of the Zhou kingdom. Kongzi was the son of Shuliang He, who, according to some sources, was a descendant of a prestigious lessor branch of a ducal lineage of the neighboring state of Song. Kongzi was raised by his mother, Yan Zhengzai after his father died before he was three. Confucian canon " became a critical part of the establishment of Confucianism as orthodoxy in the Song (960-1279), with the emergence of the civil service examination system as the most important means of appointment to positions in the bureaucracy.

17. The Way Of Confucius Article on the Confucian sites of Qufu, with pictures. http://www.smithsonianmag.si.edu/smithsonian/issues01/nov01/confucious.html

document.write(''); Travel China Guide Confucius More Jeffrey Aaronson Images The Way of Confucius In a remote corner of eastern China, travelers tread the path of the ancient sage To Chinese of ages past, there was no place in all of the Middle Kingdom more revered than Qufu (pronounced Chu-fu), permeated as it was said to be by the spirit of China's greatest philosopher. Confucious, born in 551 B.C. , attracted increasing numbers of disciples to Qufu, a settlement on the Shandong plain in eastern China. A year after his death, in 479 B.C. , the sage's simple cottage in that small town was converted into a temple in his honor. The temple complex continued to grow until, by modern times, it encompassed 49 acres in the heart of Qufu. Today, that preserve of architectural treasures, in addition to the ancient Kong family mansion (home to the philosopher's descendants until the Communist takeover during the 1940s), constitutes one of the most important tourist sites in all of China. Though rarely visited by foreigners, Qufu draws throngs of Chinese to its splendors. A lively street scene, punctuated by the presence of food vendors, trinket sellers and cafés blaring karaoke music, gives way to the serenity of the temple precinct. Here, Chinese visitors crowd before a restored statue of the sage, many of them burning incense as a sign of respect, a sight unimaginable just a few years ago. And just north of the temple lies another vestige of a China lost in time. In an extraordinary walled forest known as the Kong Lin is the grave of Confucious: the Kongs have been buried in this place since the fifth century

18. Confucius Quotes. Confucius Quotations confucius Quotes. Famous and infamous quotes from confucius. confuciusQuotations. Quotes confucius Quotes confucius Quotations. http://www.military-quotes.com/confucius.htm

Military Quotes Over 1700 Military related Quotations Military Mottos 661 Military Mottos Around the World Military Humor Military Jokes, Funny Quotes, Cartoons, and Military related Humor Military Forum, Chat, Online Games Active Duty, Veteran, Retired or Civilian? You're all Welcome! Military Shop Military Gear/Clothes Military Surplus Rus. Military Surplus Knives and Bayonets ... Marine Ranks Featured Sites Mil S tory.com Stories Lead The Way ... Add your own site here Internet Related Affordable Web Hosting (Making your own website? Find some advice here) Domain Names for sale (A good domain name is everything for a website) * updated Military Quotes Quotes Menu Confucius Quotes Confucius Quotes Confucius Quotations K'ung Ch'iu or K'ung Fu-tzu (Master K'ung) Chinese Sage, Philosopher and Reformer Lived: ca. 551–479 BC (click here to find out more about Confucius, from Infoplease.com) Recommended from the History Channel: Confucius: Words of Wisdom I can't guarantee that these quotations are correct or true

19. Confucius And The Scholars - 99.04 Click here to go to part two.). O many educated Westerners, confuciusis the very emblem of Chinese civilization and religious belief. http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/99apr/9904confucius.htm

Return to this issue's Table of Contents. A P R I L 1 9 9 9 East Asian technocrats and modernists in Beijing, among others, are eagerly embracing an updated Confucianism even as scholars in the West ask some eyebrow-raising questions. Did the Chinese sage really exist? If so, did he have much to do with the religious and ethical system that bears his name? Could Confucianism have been invented by Jesuit missionaries? by Charlotte Allen The online version of this article appears in two parts. Click here to go to part two. O many educated Westerners, Confucius is the very emblem of Chinese civilization and religious belief. If the dates that historians have assigned to him 551-479 B.C. are correct, he was a contemporary of the Greek poet Pindar, the tragedian Aeschylus, and the philosopher Heraclitus. According to tradition, Confucius was easily their equal. In addition to having written or edited parts of a diverse body of literature that includes the I Ching Book of Changes ) and the Book of Poems, classics to this day, he was a scholar, a minister of state, and an accomplished horseman and archer. Confucius is said to have taught his disciples the cultivation of personal virtue (

20. Confucius, K'ung-fu-tzu (Kongfuzi) confucius, K'ungfu-tzu (Kongfuzi) This is an online text giving a basic overview of the work of confucius (551-479 BC), the eminent Chinese philosopher. It has been written by Kelley L. Ross of http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.friesian.com/confuci.htm&y=02725

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