1. Jeremy's Labyrinth Jeremy's Labyrinth A Bentham Hypertext. These web pages were begun in honor of the 250th anniversary and reformer, and political radical Jeremy Bentham (born 15 February, 1748). We http://www.la.utexas.edu/research/poltheory/bentham

Jeremy's Labyrinth: A Bentham Hypertext These web pages were begun in honor of the 250th anniversary of the birth of the philosopher, legal theorist and reformer, and political radical Jeremy Bentham (born 15 February, 1748). We present here an hyper-text made up out of portions of Bentham's work, together with lectures, commentary, notes, essays, on Bentham. At present, what is here is the Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation The Rationale of Reward The Rationale of Punishment , and other texts, and some lectures about Bentham-that are linked into the IPML-by Stephen Darwall. The title of this section of the Classical Utilitarianism Web Site comes from this passage by Bentham in a manuscript in the University College, London, collection: I saw crimes of the most pernicious nature passing unheeded by the law: acts of no importance put in point of punishment upon a level with the most baneful crimes: punishments inflicted without measure and without choice: satisfaction denied for the most crying injuries: the doors of justice barred against a great majority of the people by the pressure of wanton impositions and unnecessary expense: false conclusions ensured in questions of fact by hasty and inconsistent rules of evidence: the business of hours spun out into years: impunity extended to acknowledged guilt and compensation snatched out of the hands of injured innocence: the measure of decision in many cases unformed: in others locked up and made the object of a monopoly: the various rights and duties of the various classes of mankind jumbled together into one immense and unsorted heap: men ruined for not knowing what they are neither enabled nor permitted ever to learn: and the whole fabric of jurisprudence a

2. UCL, Bentham Project: About Bentham Jeremy Bentham. The philosopher and jurist Jeremy Bentham (17481832) was born in Spitalfields, London, on 15 February 1748. Jeremy Bentham and UCL. http://www.ucl.ac.uk/Bentham-Project/info/jb.htm

Jeremy Bentham The philosopher and jurist Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) was born in Spitalfields, London, on 15 February 1748. He proved to be something of a child prodigy: while still a toddler he was discovered sitting at his father's desk reading a multi-volume history of England, and he began to study Latin at the age of three. At twelve, he was sent to Queen's College Oxford, his father, a prosperous attorney, having decided that Jeremy would follow him into the law, and feeling quite sure that his brilliant son would one day be Lord Chancellor of England. Bentham, however, soon became disillusioned with the law, especially after hearing the lectures of the leading authority of the day, Sir William Blackstone (1723-80). Instead of practising the law, he decided to write about it, and he spent his life criticising the existing law and suggesting ways for its improvement. His father's death in 1792 left him financially independent, and for nearly forty years he lived quietly in Westminster, producing between ten and twenty sheets of manuscript a day, even when he was in his eighties. Above left: Bentham in about 1790, aged about forty, and (right) in 1823, aged seventy five.

3. Economics 3LL3 - Bentham Jeremy Bentham. February 15, 1748 June 6, 1832. Published Works. Defence of Usury. Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. A Fragment on Government " Bentham" by John Stuart Mill http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/bentham

Jeremy Bentham Published Works Defence of Usury Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation A Fragment on Government ... Leslie Stephen, The English Utilitarians, Volume 1: Bentham References: Atkinson, Charles Milner, 1905, Jeremy Bentham: his life and work Gli Italiani e Bentham : dalla "felicità pubblica" all'economia del benessere Bahmueller, Charles F., 1981, The National Charity Company : Jeremy Bentham's silent revolution Baumgardt, David, 1952, Bentham and the ethics of today : with Bentham manuscripts hitherto unpublished Burns, J. H., 1962, Jeremy Bentham and University College Campos Boralevi, Lea, 1980, Jeremy Bentham, padre del femminismo Campos Boralevi, Lea, 1984, Bentham and the oppressed Carrier, Richard, 1992, A Christie, Ian R., 1993, The Benthams in Russia, 1780-1791 Crimmins, James E., 1990, Secular utilitarianism : social science and the critique of religion in the thought of Jeremy Bentham D'Alessandro, Lucio, 1981, Utilitarismo morale e scienza della legislazione : Studio su Jeremy Bentham Davidson, William Leslie, 1915

4. Jeremy Bentham Jeremy Bentham, Education on the Internet Jeremy Bentham, the son of a lawyer, was born in London in 1748. A brilliant scholar, Bentham http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRbentham.htm

Jeremy Bentham To receive your free copy every week enter your email address below. FREE Education Newsletters - choose below... Education on the Internet Teaching History Online Email: Let keep Ahead .com bring you the world by email Spartacus USA History British History Second World War ... Email Jeremy Bentham , the son of a lawyer, was born in London in 1748. A brilliant scholar, Bentham entered Queen's College, Oxford r, Bentham produced a ser ies of books on philosophy, economics and politics. Bentham's family had been Tories and for the first period of his life he shared their conservative political views. This changed after Bentham read the work of Joseph Priestley . One statement in particular from The First Principles of Government and the Nature of Political, Civil and Religious Liberty (1768) had a major impact on Bentham: "The good and happiness of the members, that is the majority of the members of the state, is the great standard by which every thing relating to that state must finally be determined."

5. Jeremy Bentham Jeremy Bentham, 17481832. Born into a wealthy Tory family, Jeremy Bentham was educated at Westminster school and Queen s College, Oxford. http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/bentham.htm

Jeremy Bentham, 1748-1832. British gentleman, political activist, legal scholar, social philosopher , linguist, Jeremy Bentham is best known as the founder of British "utilitarianism " or "philosophical radicalism". Born into a wealthy Tory family, Jeremy Bentham was educated at Westminster school and Queen's College, Oxford. He trained as a lawyer and was called to the bar in 1769. His independent wealth permitted him to set himself up as a writer in London. According to his contemporary William Hazlitt, "Bentham has lived for the last forty years in a house in Westminster...like an anchorite in a cell, reducing law to a system, and the mind of man to a machine." In 1768 that Bentham came across a political tract by Joseph Priestley in which the the phrase "the greatest happiness for the greatest number" was invoked. Intrigued, Bentham followed this up by reading Hume , Helvetius and Beccaria and slowly began forming his utilitarian ideas. Bentham's first book (1776) was an attack on Blackstone's immensely popular Commentaries on the Laws of England . For Bentham, Blackstone's obsession with the "rule of law" made a fetish out of ancient laws that were long outdated and prevented the passing of new legislation more appropriate for changing circumstances. Bentham claimed that all laws, ancient and modern, should be evaluated according to the single ethical principle of "utility". A law is good or bad depending upon whether or not it increased general happiness of the population.

6. BENTHAM JEREMY http://www.paginecattoliche.it/BENTHAMJEREMY.htm

Pagine cattoliche BENTHAM JEREMY Filosofo e giurista, n. a Londra il 15 febbraio 1748, m. ivi il 6 giugno 1832. Fu d'ingegno assai precoce, tanto da poter leggere a tre anni, parte della History of England di P. De Rapin, e iniziare l'anno seguente l'apprendimento del latino, Studiò a Westminster, quindi all'università di Oxford dove conseguì il grado di baccelliere (1763) e di «maestro in arti» (1766). Indirizzato dal padre all'avvocatura, cui non intendeva dedicarsi, la esercitò per breve tempo, e si volse quindi agli studi filosofici, formandosi particolarmente alle dottrine di Locke, Hume, Beccaria, Montesquieu, Helvétius. Pubblicò, anonimo, nel 1776, il suo primo lavoro, A Fragment of Government , in cui attaccava violentemente la costituzione inglese e indicava nel principio utilitaristico il fondamento delle dottrine etico-giuridiche. Compì, nel 1785, passando per l'Italia e per Costantinopoli, un viaggio in Russia - per visitare il fratello, ingegnere navale di Caterina II - e colà scrisse la Defence of usury (1787). Tornato in Inghilterra pubblicò la sua opera principale cui attendeva da molti anni:

7. MSN Encarta - Résultats De La Recherche - Bentham Jeremy bentham jeremy . Page 1 sur 1. *, Réservé ht. Plus de résultats avec MSN pour bentham jeremy . http://fr.encarta.msn.com/Bentham_Jeremy.html

Accueil MSN Mon MSN Hotmail Rechercher ... S'abonner   Encarta Premium Rechercher Encarta R©sultats de la recherche pour "Bentham Jeremy" Page sur 1 R©serv© aux abonn©s MSN Encarta Premium. Bentham, Jeremy Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832), philosophe, ©conomiste et juriste britannique, qui fonda la doctrine de l'utilitarisme. N©   Londres, le 15 f©vrier... Jeremy Bentham Encyclop©die EncartaImage € la fin du xviii e  si¨cle, le philosophe Jeremy Bentham propose dans son Panoptique un nouveau type de prisons, dans lesquelles les cellules... h©donisme Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article h©donisme ©thique Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article ©thique droit naturel Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article droit naturel lib©ralisme (politique, ©conomie) Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article lib©ralisme (politique, ©conomie) enfermement, histoire de l' Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article enfermement, histoire de l' radicalisme Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article radicalisme pacifisme Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article pacifisme utilitarisme Encyclop©die EncartaArticle Trouv© dans l'article utilitarisme R©serv© aux abonn©s MSN Encarta Premium.

8. Bentham Jeremy From FOLDOC bentham jeremy. history of philosophy, biography english philosopher and political radical (17481832). In A Fragment on Government http://www.swif.uniba.it/lei/foldop/foldoc.cgi?Bentham Jeremy

9. Jeremy Bentham Jeremy Bentham A Legacy of Names for the gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and queer communities. Bentham, Jeremy (17481832). PHILOSOPHER. http://www.queertheory.com/histories/b/bentham_jeremy.htm

Histories Index Francis Bacon Jon Robin Baitz Josephine Baker ... Michael Bennett Jeremy Bentham Gladys Bentley A. Scott Berg Ruth Bernhard Sandra Bernhard ... Find A Subject Jeremy Bentham Online Resources Texts: Jeremy Bentham Texts: Queer Histories Texts: Authors Index ... Suggest a Name Names Index: A B C D ... Scholars Index A Fragment on Government by Jeremy Bentham Originally prepared as a part of Bentham's Collected Works, this volume now makes one of the central texts in the development of utilitarian tradition available in its own authoritative 1977 edition. Other available works by and about Jeremy Bentham: Utilitarianism and Other Essays (Penguin Classics) The Principles of Morals and Legislation (Great Books in Philosophy) Political Tactics (Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham) An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation ... Bentham and Bureaucracy by Leonard J. Hume Bentham and the Oppressed (Publications of the European University Institute, Series C- Political and Social Science. Vol 1)

10. WIEM: Bentham Jeremy bentham jeremy (17481832), angielski prawnik, ekonomista i filozof, prekursor pozytywizmu prawniczego. Wyksztalcony na uniwersytecie http://wiem.onet.pl/wiem/00ce4d.html

WIEM 2004 - zobacz now± edycjê encyklopedii! Kup abonament i encyklopediê na CD-ROM, sprawd¼ ofertê cenow±! Oferta specjalna abonamentów dla szkó³ i instytucji! Uwaga! Przedstawione poni¿ej has³o pochodzi z archiwalnej edycji WIEM 2001! Prace redakcyjne nad edycj± 2001 zosta³y zakoñczone. Zapraszamy do korzystania z nowej, codziennie aktualizowanej i wzbogacanej w nowe tre¶ci edycji WIEM 2004 Filozofia, Prawo, Wielka Brytania Bentham Jeremy Bentham Jeremy (1748-1832), angielski prawnik, ekonomista i filozof, prekursor pozytywizmu prawniczego . Wykszta³cony na uniwersytecie w Oksfordzie, dzia³a³ jako uczony nie zwi±zany z ¿adnym uniwersytetem. D±¿y³ do wprowadzenia reformy prawa karnego i wiêziennictwa, jeden z g³ównych przedstawicieli liberalizmu , w ekonomii - rzecznik zasady wolnej konkurencji. W filozofii stworzy³ kierunek zwany utylitaryzmem , nawi±zuj±cy do angielskiego empiryzmu (da³ pocz±tek tzw. empiryzmowi logicznemu). Uwa¿a³, ¿e rozumne d±¿enie do osobistego szczê¶cia prowadzi do wiêkszej pomy¶lno¶ci ogó³u. Sformu³owa³ system etyki utylitarystycznej (wywodz±cej siê z  hedonizmu ), zgodnie z któr± postêpowanie cz³owieka jest moralne, gdy d±¿y on do "najwiêkszego szczê¶cia najwiêkszej liczby ludzi" (zasada ta sta³a siê has³em utylitaryzmu). Przyczyni³ siê do zreformowania systemu polit.-prawnego w Anglii i in. pañstwach. G³ówna praca:

11. Jeremy Bentham - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Jeremy Bentham. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Enlarge Jeremy Bentham. Jeremy Bentham (February The life of Jeremy Bentham. Born in Spitalfields http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Page history ... Printable version Not logged in Log in Help Other languages: Jeremy Bentham From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jeremy Bentham Jeremy Bentham February 15 June 6 ), the founder of utilitarianism , was an English gentleman jurist philosopher ... eccentric and legal and social reformer. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 The life of Jeremy Bentham 2 Utilitarianism 3 Quotes 4 External links The life of Jeremy Bentham Born in Spitalfields, London into a wealthy Tory family, Bentham was recognised as a child prodigy when discovered as a toddler sitting at his father's desk reading a multi-volume history of England. He studied Latin from the age of three. He went to Westminster School , and in his father sent him to Queen's College, Oxford , where he took his Bachelor's degree in and his Master's degree in . Bentham trained as a lawyer and was called to the bar in . A prosperous attorney, his father had decided that Bentham would follow him into the law, and felt quite sure that his brilliant son would one day be Lord Chancellor of England. Soon, however, Bentham became disillusioned with the law, especially after hearing the lectures of the leading authority of the day, Sir

12. JEREMY BENTHAM JEREMY BENTHAM. Kim Swanson. INTRODUCTION Jeremy Bentham was a theorist from the Classical School of thought, which developed in the 18 th century. http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/bentham.htm

JEREMY BENTHAM Kim Swanson Graduate Student Criminology Florida State University INTRODUCTION: Jeremy Bentham was a theorist from the Classical School of thought, which developed in the 18 th century. Several aspects of Bentham's life will be examined. Life in England in the 18 th century greatly influenced his thinking. Next, peers of Bentham criticized and praised his writings and influence. Finally current theories and thought will be contrasted to see how Bentham's ideas of "utility" and punishment are used today. He also left behind a more tangible memory. Determined to be perpetually present at the University College London he willed that his body be preserved in a cabinet, dressed in his own clothes and topped with a wax head of his likeness. Whether this was because he had a bizarre sense of humor or a supreme case of self-importance no one seems to know. What is known is Jeremy Bentham was both respected and scorned in his time yet his ideas can be found throughout criminal justice thought and practice still today. ENGLAND IN THE 18 TH CENTURY The 18 th century was a time of advances and changes. Machine filled textile mills replaced hand spinning and weaving done in the home. The people were not much different than ours in this century. Babies were born and elders died. People wondered how to feed the poor, how much government should interfere in its citizens lives, how crime can be controlled, what to do about widespread addiction and how people of different religious persuasions could get along.

13. OUP USA: The Correspondence Of Jeremy Bentham: Jeremy Bentham add to cart. The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham. Volume The Correspondence of Jeremy bentham jeremy Bentham Price $160.00. Browse http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryWorld/British/19thC/?ci=019

14. OUP USA: The Correspondence Of Jeremy Bentham: Jeremy Bentham add to cart. The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham. Volume The Correspondence of Jeremy bentham jeremy Bentham Price $135.00. Browse http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/Philosophy/History/19thC/?ci=01982

15. Jeremy Bentham [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] Entry on bentham at the Internet Encyclopaedia of Philosophy. http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/b/bentham.htm

Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to that part of this article) Life Method Human Nature Moral Philosophy ... Bibliography of Bentham's Work Life A leading theorist in Anglo-American philosophy of law and one of the 'founders' of utilitarianism, Jeremy Bentham was born in Houndsditch, London on February 15, 1748. He was the son and grandson of attorneys, and his early family life was colored by a mix of pious superstition (on his mother's side) and Enlightenment rationalism (from his father). Bentham lived during a time of major social, political and economic change. The 'Industrial Revolution' (with the massive economic and social shifts that it brought in its wake) the rise of the middle class, and revolutions in France and America all were reflected in Bentham's reflections on existing institutions. In 1760, Bentham entered Queen's College, Oxford and, upon graduation in 1764, studied law at Lincoln's Inn. Though qualified to practice law, he never did so. Instead, he devoted most of his life to writing on matters of legal reformthough, curiously, he made little effort to publish much of what he wrote. Bentham spent his time in intense study, often writing some eight to twelve hours a day. While most of his best known work deals with theoretical questions in law, Bentham was an active polemicist and was engaged for some time in developing projects that proposed various 'practical' ideas for the reform of social institutions. Although his work came to have an important influence on political philosophy, Bentham did not write any single text giving the essential principles of his views on this topic. His most important theoretical work is the

16. Bentham, Jeremy. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 bentham, jeremy. 17481832, English philosopher, jurist, political theorist, and founder of the influence of Helvétius and won bentham recognition throughout the Western world http://www.bartleby.com/65/be/BenthamJ.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Bentham, Jeremy

17. UCL: Bentham Project Home Page archives network; jeremy bentham s will from DocumentsOnline; Events; Representations of bentham; The Denis Roy bentham Collection; History http://www.ucl.ac.uk/Bentham-Project/

THE BENTHAM PROJECT Welcome to the Bentham Project Home Page Who was Jeremy Bentham? Where to find us Aims Funding ... SPECIAL OFFER of the Collected Works volumes published by Athlone Press Bibliography 1989–2003 Journal of Bentham Studies The Jonathan Masih Collection of Bentham Pamphlets Forde Abbey visit ... Bentham Texts On line Catalogue of Bentham manuscripts via the A2A database of the UK archives network Jeremy Bentham's will from DocumentsOnline Events Representations of Bentham The Denis Roy Bentham Collection ... History of Western Thought Online A selection of useful websites to help you with your studies and research International Society for Utilitarian Studies (ISUS) Utilitas Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Under Construction Please read the This site is maintained by Irena Nicoll . It was designed and originally set up by Jonathan Harris At least visitors so far. The Bentham Project 1996-2004 http://www.ucl.ac.uk/Bentham-Project Last updated 22.4.2004

18. Jeremy Bentham Ein Artikel im Philosophenlexikon . http://www.philosophenlexikon.de/benth-j.htm

Begriffe Abaelard - Ayer Baader - Byron Cabanis - Czezowski Ebbinghaus - Ewald ... Frauen in der Philosophie Diskussion PhilTalk Philosophieforen Andere Lexika PhilLex -Lexikon der Philosophie Lexikon der griechischen Mythologie PhiloThek Bibliothek der Klassiker Zeitschriftenlesesaal Nachschlagewerke Allgemeine Information ... Dokumentenlieferdienste Spiele Philosophisches Galgenraten PhilSearch.de Shops PhiloShop PhiloShirt Service Kontakt Impressum eMail Jeremy Bentham (1748 - 1832) Der englische Philosoph In seinem wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Essay In defense of Usury (1787) geht er von der These aus, dass jeder am besten beurteilen In Principles of Morals and Legislation Leid und Freude als Konstanten der menschlichen Natur, die bei der Bestimmung des eine entscheidende Rolle spielen. Bentham verweist auf vier Quellen von Freude und Schmerz und skizziert einen hedonistischen Dieses Prinzip verband er mit dem demokratischen Prinzip Streben Wahrscheinlichkeit Personen Im Sinne des wohlverstandenen Interesses Jevons In der Philosophie wirkte Benthams Utilitarismus insbesondere auf die Philosophie von Mill , Sidgwick und James powered by Uwe Wiedemann

19. Jeremy Bentham Links En Español V­nculos a art­culos y libros de este fil³sofo ingl©s, as­ como a estudios y rese±as de sus obras. http://www.benthamlinks.com/SP

JEREMY BENTHAM LINKS EN ESPAÑOL Los dictados de la utilidad no son ni más ni menos que los dictados de la benevolencia más extendida e iluminada (es decir, bien informada). An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation , x, § 4 ENGLISH · ESPAÑOL · ITALIANO FRANÇAIS PORTUGUÊS DEUTSCH Nota: todavía hay secciones en construcción] ESPAÑOL link nuevo recomendado Escritos de Jeremy Bentham Manual de economía política Escritos sobre Jeremy Bentham [diccionarios / enciclopedias] Jeremy Bentham . arteHistoria. Jeremy Bentham . 250 grandes economistas. Jeremy Bentham . Café rincón literario. Jeremy Bentham Diccionario soviético de filosofía Jeremy Bentham Enciclopedia Oxford de filosofía Jeremy Bentham Gran Enciclopedia Rialp Jeremy Bentham . Página de economía. [otros escritos] Jeremy Bentham . Autor desconocido. Bentham: el utilitarismo y la filosofía política moderna . Por Cícero Araujo. Nonsense upon Stilts. Sobre el futuro de los derechos humanos . Por José Joaquí Jiménez Sánchez. Santander, la educación, y la querella Benthamista

20. Jeremy Bentham [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] jeremy bentham (17481832). Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to that part of this article). The Correspondence of jeremy bentham, Ed. http://www.iep.utm.edu/b/bentham.htm

Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to that part of this article) Life Method Human Nature Moral Philosophy ... Bibliography of Bentham's Work Life A leading theorist in Anglo-American philosophy of law and one of the 'founders' of utilitarianism, Jeremy Bentham was born in Houndsditch, London on February 15, 1748. He was the son and grandson of attorneys, and his early family life was colored by a mix of pious superstition (on his mother's side) and Enlightenment rationalism (from his father). Bentham lived during a time of major social, political and economic change. The 'Industrial Revolution' (with the massive economic and social shifts that it brought in its wake) the rise of the middle class, and revolutions in France and America all were reflected in Bentham's reflections on existing institutions. In 1760, Bentham entered Queen's College, Oxford and, upon graduation in 1764, studied law at Lincoln's Inn. Though qualified to practice law, he never did so. Instead, he devoted most of his life to writing on matters of legal reformthough, curiously, he made little effort to publish much of what he wrote. Bentham spent his time in intense study, often writing some eight to twelve hours a day. While most of his best known work deals with theoretical questions in law, Bentham was an active polemicist and was engaged for some time in developing projects that proposed various 'practical' ideas for the reform of social institutions. Although his work came to have an important influence on political philosophy, Bentham did not write any single text giving the essential principles of his views on this topic. His most important theoretical work is the

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