61. How Has The Laser Developed Since It's Invention? 1951 charles H. townes came up with idea for maser; 1954 First masercreated by James P. Gordon, Herbert J. Zeiger, and charles H. townes; http://www.eng.iastate.edu/explorer/topics/laser/lsrhist.htm

Q. How has the Laser developed since it's invention? A. The laser time-line 1916: Albert Einstein proposed theory of light emmision and spontanious emission 1951: Charles H. Townes came up with idea for maser 1954: First maser created by James P. Gordon, Herbert J. Zeiger, and Charles H. Townes 1958: Proposal for laser written by Charles H. Townes and A.L. Shalow published 1960 May 16: First Ruby Rod Laser created by Theodore H. Maiman December 12 4:20 pm: First Helium-neon laser was created by Ali Javan, William r. Bennett, Jr., and Donald R. Herriott. 1962: First semiconducter laser created 1963: First CO laser created by C.K.N. Patel 1965: First dye laser created by Peter Sorokin First chemical laser created by J.V.V. Kasper and George C. Pimentel Micorwave laser discovered in the orion nebula Disorvery of cosmic background radiation using microwave laser 1970: First eximer laser created by Basov, V.A. Danielychev, Yu. M. Popov, and D.D.Khodkevich. 1973: Discovery of laser action in quasars 1975: First free-electron laser created by John M. J. Madely

62. Tsinghua News --- Tsinghua University charles H. townes Biography. Fromhttp//www.belllabs.com/history/laser/invention/townes-bio.html. ASpecial Presentation by Professor charles H. townes. http://news.cic.tsinghua.edu.cn/eng_news.php?id=211

63. Engology.com, Engineer Charles Townes, Engineer Inventor, Professional Engineeri 34, no. 10 (October 1966), pp. 903913. Schawlow, Arthur L., and CharlesH. townes, US Patent No. 2,929,222 (22 March 1960). Schawlow http://www.engology.com/eng5townes.htm

Prof. Charles Townes Engineer, Scientist, and Co-Inventor of the Laser. Nobel Peace Prize Winner The Patent Dispute Regarding the Invention of the Laser by Todd Fronek A barcode scanner is one everyday use of laser technology. The laser has become a major techno logical factor in today's fast paced world. CD-ROM, laser printers and even eye surgery all involve using a laser. In 1960, Theodore Maiman produced the first working laser [Bromberg, 1988]. The discovery marked the zenith of many years of research, and also the beginning of numerous technological breakthroughs. Because many parties in addition to Maiman contributed substantial research to the invention of the laser, a dispute arose over who should receive the patent for the invention of the laser. LASER is an acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation." A laser produces a thin beam of light that is monochromatic and coherent, meaning that the beam is one color and each wave of lighttravels in step. The laser process begins when energy enters and begins to strike the atoms in a system. The stimulated atoms give off energy in the form of light. This emitted light reflects back and forth between the ends of a cylinder, one end being a fully reflecting mirror and one end being a partially reflecting mirror. The light continues to excite more and more atoms, and finally the atoms contain enough energy to burst through the partially reflecting mirror in a beam of light. This beam of light has a variety of applications. For instance, it is able, in some cases, to drill tiny holes in diamonds within minutes (conventional methods take days to produce the same holes).

64. Charles H. Townes - Wikipedia Translate this page charles H. townes. Die Texte stammen aus der Wikipedia - Dies ist nichtdie Wikipedia. charles Hard townes (* 28. Juli 1915 in Greenville http://www.torfkopp.de/keyword/Charles_H._Townes.php

Nicht angemeldet Anmelden Hilfe Charles H. Townes Die Texte stammen aus der Wikipedia - Dies ist nicht die Wikipedia Charles Hard Townes 28. Juli in Greenville/ South Carolina ), amerikanischer Physiker Townes erhielt zusammen mit Nicolay G. Basov und Aleksandr M. Prokhorov den Physik Nobelpreis "für grundlegende Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet der Quantenelektronik, die zur Konstruktion von Oszillatoren und Verstärkern auf der Basis des Maser-Laser-Prinzips führten" Links auf diese Seite Verlinkte Seiten Hauptseite Über Wikipedia ... Letzte Änderungen Diese Seite wurde bisher 18 mal abgerufen. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt geändert um 22:41, 17. Dez 2003. Der Artikel steht unter der GNU Freien Dokumentationslizenz , siehe auch Lizenzbestimmungen Hauptseite Zufälliger Artikel Diskussion Spezialseiten Impressum

65. Nobel Prize In Physics 1964 charles H. townes 1/2 of prize USA born 1915 CA University of California at Berkeley,Berkeley, California, USA AA - Columbia University, New York, New York http://www.slac.stanford.edu/library/nobel/nobel1964.html

Home About Contact "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle" Charles H. Townes 1/2 of prize USA born 1915 CA - University of California at Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA AA - Columbia University , New York, New York, USA WA - Columbia University Bell Labs , Naperville, Illinois, USA Additional Information "for basic researches in the field of experimental physics, which led to the discovery of the maser and the laser" Nikolai Gennadievich Basov 1/4 of prize USSR (Russia) born 1922, died 2001 CA - P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences , Moscow, Russia AA - P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences WA - P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences Additional Information Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov 1/4 of prize USSR (Russia) born 1916 (Atherton, Australia), died 2002 CA - Moscow State University , Moscow, Russia AA - P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences

66. Baszov 1964ben nyerte el a fizikai Nobel-díjat a szovjet Alekszandr Mihajlovics Prohorovés az egyesült államokbeli charles H. townes társaságában. http://www.mezgazd-koszeg.sulinet.hu/kemia/DATA/Tudosok/data/bh2/baszov.html

67. About OSA > Awards > Charles Hard Townes Award Hard townes Award Winners. Year, Name. 2004, Erich Ippen. 2003. David Hanna. 2002.charles V. Shank. 2001. A. David Buckingham. 2000. Richard G. Brewer. 1999. charlesH. http://www.osa.org/aboutosa/awards/theawards/awardsdesc/award23.asp

My Account Membership Member Directory Member Newsletters ... Member Guide Specialty Awards Charles Hard Townes Award This award was established in 1980 to honor Charles Hard Townes, whose pioneering contributions to masers and lasers led to the development of the field of quantum electronics. It is given to an individual or a group of individuals for outstanding experimental or theoretical work, discovery or invention in the field of quantum electronics. Bell Laboratories originally endowed the award. Hewlett-Packard, The Perkin Fund, and students and colleagues of Charles Townes contributed generously in a Townes Award Endowment Campaign. Charles Hard Townes Award Winners Year Name Erich Ippen David Hanna Charles V. Shank A. David Buckingham Richard G. Brewer Charles H. Henry Marlan O. Scully Linn Mollenauer Chung L. Tang Ivan P. Kaminow Joseph H. Eberly Claude Cohen-Tannoudji Nick Holonyak, Jr. Elias Snitzer Herbert Walther Daniel J. Bradley Arthur Ashkin Herman A. Haus Yuen-Ron Shen S. E. Harris Veniamin P. Chebotaev

68. Townes, Charles Hard townes, charles Hard. Masers—townes constructed the maser (microwave amplificationby stimulated The National Inventors Hall of Fame, Next Volwiler, Ernest H. http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0767093.html

Science Inventions The National Inventors Hall of Fame Townes, Charles Hard Born: Birthplace: Greenville, South Carolina Townes constructed the maser (microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) and also suggested the laser. Both are used in communications, medicine, industry, astronomy and navigation. (1976) Tishler, Max The National Inventors Hall of Fame Volwiler, Ernest H. Print this page Cite this page AD AD AD ADS Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search to your site ... Privacy Brought to you by:

69. Metanexus Institute The First charles H. townes Lecture in Science and Religion, May 2,MIT. Kenneth R. Miller, Professor of Biology at Brown University http://www.metanexus.net/metanexus_online/show_article.asp?8793

70. Professor Charles Townes Convergence of Scientific and Religious Thought A Special Presentation byProfessor charles H. townes Thursday, Oct 14, 1999, 7 pm, Rudder 601. http://www.iolbv.com/murphy/cfn/townes.htm

Convergence of Scientific and Religious Thought A Special Presentation by Professor Charles H. Townes Thursday, Oct 14, 1999, 7 pm, Rudder 601 Laser physics and quantum electronics are only part of Professor Townes' scientific endeavors. Recently he led a research team which demonstrated the existence of a large black hole at the center of our galaxy. In addition to his revolutionary contributions to science and technology, Professor Townes has served in administrative capacities throughout the government and as Provost of MIT. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of Southeastern Seminary. Professor Charles Townes is one of the most brilliant scholars of the 20th Century and has earned a distinguished reputation for being hard working, honest, and forthright. Professor Townes is a committed Christian and a deep thinker who will share with us his thoughts on ways in which scientific and religious thinking are converging at the threshold of the 21st Century. His presentation will begin at 7 pm on Thursday, October 14, 1999 in Rudder 601. Links: Reasons to Believe Leadership University Tell Me More: How to Know God, Etc.

71. SOFIA People And Events Image Gallery 8 Dr. charles H. townes Dr. charles H. townes, Nobel prizewinning physicist at theUniversity of California at Berkeley and experienced KAO observer, gave one http://sofia.arc.nasa.gov/Gallery/people/PP19970008.html

Dr. Charles H. Townes Dr. Charles H. Townes, Nobel prize-winning physicist at the University of California at Berkeley and experienced KAO observer, gave one of the keynote speeches at the dedication ceremony. Image #: Date: Credit: NASA Keywords: dedication charles towne EndKeywords: of 8

72. Display Tag Charles Townes LBNL Image Library charles H. towneswas awarded the MichelsonMorley Award of Case Western Reserve University...... charles townes Image File 97401944 Title charles townes http://imglib.lbl.gov/ImgLib/COLLECTIONS/BERKELEY-LAB/PEOPLE/NOBEL-LAUREATES/ind

LBNL Image Library Collection BERKELEY-LAB/PEOPLE/NOBEL-LAUREATES Charles Townes Image File Title Charles Townes Description Charles H. Townes was awarded the Michelson-Morley Award of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, on October 15, 1970. The award, consisting of a silver plaque and $5000, is presented to a scientist or engineer chosen for "his significant contribution to the knowledge and welfare of mankind." People Charles Townes Date Citation Caption Magnet, Vol. 14, Nos. 10-11, October-November 1970, p. 2 TEID Doc ID XBD9704-01944.TIF Fetch hi-resolution file(10.4M)

73. Brief History Of Laser 1951. charles H townes, The inventor of the MASER (Microwave Amplification of StimulatedEmission of Radiation) at Columbia University First device based on http://www.lasers.org.uk/laser_welding/briefhistory.htm

A Brief History of Lasers: The principle of the laser was first known in 1917, when physicist Albert Einstein described the theory of stimulated emission. However, it was not until the late 1940s that engineers began to utilize this principle for practical purposes. At the onset of the 1950's several different engineers were working towards the harnessing of energy using the principal of stimulated emission. At the University of Columbia was Charles Townes, at the University of Maryland was Joseph Weber and at the Lebedev Laboratories in Moscow were Alexander Prokhorov and Nikolai G Basov. At this stage the engineers were working towards the creation of what was termed a MASER (Microwave Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation), a device that amplified microwaves as opposed to light and soon found use in microwave communication systems. Townes and the other engineers believed it to be possible create an optical maser, a device for creating powerful beams of light using higher frequency energy to stimulate what was to become termed the lasing medium. Despite the pioneering work of Townes and Prokhorov it was left to Theodore Maiman in 1960 it invent the first Laser using a lasing medium of ruby that was stimulated using high energy flashes of intense light (see example) Both Townes and Prokhorov were later awarded the Nobel Science Prize in 1964 for their endeavours.

74. Charles Townes, Nobel Prize-Winning Physicist Joins SETI Institute Board The SETI Institute is pleased to announce the appointment of Dr. charles H. Townesto the Institute’s Board of Trustees, effective June 5. Winner of the 1964 http://www.seti.org/about_us/info_for_media/announcements/townes_joins_board.htm

Statement of Purpose Institute History Leadership, Management, Staff Endowed Chairs ... Contact Us Printer Friendly Version Nobel Prize-Winning Physicist Joins SETI Institute Board June 12, 2003 The SETI Institute is pleased to announce the appointment of Dr. Charles H. Townes to the Institute’s Board of Trustees , effective June 5. Winner of the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics for his invention of the laser, Townes' addition will expand the exceptional scientific expertise that distinguishes the SETI Institute Board. Says SETI Institute CEO, Thomas Pierson, “Charles Townes is well known for his technological innovations, his ability to see the potential of new scientific ideas, and his effective leadership in the numerous advisory roles in which he has served. We couldn’t hope for a better fit for our governance body.” Townes is currently Professor Emeritus and professor in the graduate school of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. While much of his recent research has been directed towards understanding the galactic center and other objects in the Milky Way, Townes has retained a long-standing interest in SETI, and his pioneering theoretical work in the field led to the development of today’s optical SETI projects. In 1997, Professor Townes participated in a SETI Institute

75. Townes Receives 2002 Drake Award CA — The SETI Institute has awarded the 2002 Frank Drake Award for Innovation inSETI and Life in the Universe Research to charles H. townes, Nobel Laureate http://www.seti.org/about_us/info_for_media/press_releases/townes_drake_award.ht

Statement of Purpose Institute History Leadership, Management, Staff Endowed Chairs ... Contact Us Printer Friendly Version Press Releases December 10, 2002 Contact Information Images Charles Townes Receives SETI Institute's 2002 Drake Award The prize consists of a cash stipend and a special award, and will be presented at a ceremony in the spring of 2003. Townes is the second recipient of the Drake Award, which was launched in 2001 with a presentation ceremony honoring its namesake, Dr. Frank Drake. Townes is the first honoree selected from a pool of candidates whose submissions were solicited by the Institute. The recipient of numerous awards and 25 honorary doctorate degrees throughout his career, Townes' principal scientific work is in microwave spectroscopy, nuclear and molecular structure, quantum electronics, radio astronomy and infrared astronomy. He holds both the original patent for the maser, and (with Arthur Schawlow) the original laser patent. In 1964, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in quantum electronics, which led to the construction of maser and laser oscillators and amplifiers. Acknowledging that radio technology matured more quickly than optical, Townes consistently maintained that other technologically advanced civilizations could exploit the optical and infrared spectrum for communications just as readily as the microwave spectrum. In two later papers, one published in 1982 and another in 1993, Townes compared the relative strengths and liabilities of optical and radio SETI, concluding that both research methods should be conducted.

76. NEFF's Conservation Easements Camilla Lockwood, Temple, NH, 88.9, 1998. charles H. townes Frances H. townes,Mont Vernon, NH, 66, 1999. charles H. townes Frances H. townes, New Boston, NH,40, 2000. http://www.newenglandforestry.org/forestry/easements.asp

var LowBgColor='#B69C83';var BorderColor='#B69C83';var HiBgColor='#996633'; Donate On-Line Home Forestry : NEFF's Conservation Easements NEFF holds easements on 92 different properties totaling 786,112.79 acres. The following table lists our easements. Click the column header to sort the rows. Alton NH Alton NH Alton NH Salisbury CT Alexander Rine Fitzwilliam NH Allen M. Glick Barnard VT Sugar Hill NH Andrew Bates Webster MA Tolland MA Barbara Campbell Hancock NH Barbara Campbell Hancock NH Bayard Henry Sanbornton NH Bayard Henry Sanbornton NH Benjamin Foster Harvard MA Barnstead NH Farmington NH Strafford NH Sharon NH Camilla Lockwood Sharon NH Camilla Lockwood Temple NH Camilla Lockwood Temple NH Mont Vernon NH New Boston NH New Boston NH Center Harbor NH Berkley MA Taunton MA Moxie Gore ME Elizabeth Moore New Ipswich NH Ellen Reilly New Boston NH Ellen Reilly New Boston NH Meredith NH George Bentley Norfolk MA Ossipee NH Gordon Brown West Swanzey NH Gran-Val Farm LLC Granville MA Groton Conservation Trust Groton MA Halsey Davis West Windsor VT Hermann Field Shirley MA Hermann Field Shirley MA Hermann Field Shirley MA Hull Forestlands Limited Partnership Union CT Meredith NH Janet P. Lovejoy

77. Townes, Charles (1915-) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biography Chiao, R. Y. Amazing Light A Volume Dedicated to charles Hard townes on His 80thBirthday. New York SpringerVerlag, 1996. Gordon, J. P.; Zeiger, H. J.; and http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Townes.html

Branch of Science Physicists Nationality American ... Physics Prize Townes, Charles (1915-) American physicist who invented the maser at Columbia University in 1953 (Gordon et al. 1954). This device, when pumped with a weak microwave beam, produced a cascade of transitions in ammonia molecules, reinforcing the beam. He called the device " maser " as an acronym for "microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation." This device was the forerunner of the laser invented by Maiman in 1960. Townes shared the 1964 Nobel prize in physics. Maiman References Chiao, R. Y. Amazing Light: A Volume Dedicated to Charles Hard Townes on His 80th Birthday. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1996. Gordon, J. P.; Zeiger, H. J.; and Townes, C. H. Phys. Rev. Townes, C. H. Making Waves. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1994. Townes, C. H. and Schawlow, A. L. Microwave Spectroscopy. New York: Dover, 1975.

78. Munzinger Personen - Charles H. Townes charles H. Townesamerikan. Physiker; Nobelpreis (Physik) 1964; Prof., Ph.D. Durch http://register.munzinger.de/personen/00/000/010/00010877.shtml

Personen Sport Chronik Pop ... Login Suche Trefferliste Kontakt CD-ROM weiter Intranet Archiv weiter Datenservice weiter Print Der Klassiker unter den Publikationsformen unserer Archive ist seit 1913 das Loseblattwerk weiter Charles H. Townes amerikan. Physiker; Nobelpreis (Physik) 1964; Prof., Ph.D. Quelle: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 27/2000 vom 26. Juni 2000 Falls Sie zuvor Art und Umfang der Munzinger-Biographien sehen wollen, können Sie über unsere Startseite auch einzelne Texte kostenfrei abrufen. Personen Das Internationale Biographische Archiv Home Seitenanfang Firmenportrait Kontakt ... Munzinger Archiv GmbH

79. MetroBEAT: Greenville, S.C.: The Beat The Genius from Greenville Nobel laureate charles H. townes returnsto Furman. In the anteroom of the Hartness Visitors Center at http://www.metrobeat.net/gbase/Expedite/Content?oid=oid:2608

80. Townes, Charles Hard (1915- ) townes, charles Hard (1915) American physicist at the Universityof California, Berkeley, who developed the maser in the 1950s http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/T/Townes.html

The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight FRONT PAGE NEWS ARCHIVE NEWSLETTER ... Z this site WWW Townes, Charles Hard (1915-) American physicist at the University of California, Berkeley , who developed the maser in the 1950s and won a Nobel Prize for this work in 1964. He was a pioneer in microwave and infrared astronomy and led the team at Berkeley which, in 1968, discovered water and ammonia molecules in interstellar space. Townes has a long-standing interest in the possibly of optical SETI and while at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the early 1960s was the first, together with R. N. Schwarz, to suggest the possibility of using lasers for interstellar communication. He is presently involved in a project, funded by the Planetary Society , to search for artificial laser pulses coming from a variety of sources, including nearby stars, globular clusters , and external galaxies. var site="s13space1234"

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