Geometry.Net - the online learning center
Home  - Nobel - Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich
e99.com Bookstore
  
Images 
Newsgroups
Page 1     1-20 of 95    1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20
A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z  

         Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich:     more books (48)
  1. We Never Make Mistakes: Two Short Novels by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 2003-12
  2. The Russian Question at the End of the Twentieth Century: Toward the End of the Twentieth Century by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, Yermolai Solzhenitsyn, 1995-09
  3. From Under the Rubble (University Press of America) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, Mkihail Agursky, et all 1989-11
  4. A World Split Apart: Commencement Address Delivered at Harvard University, June 8, 1978 (English and Russian Edition) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1988-01
  5. The Mortal Danger by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1986-06
  6. Oktiabr shestnadtsatogo (Krasnoe koleso / Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn) (Russian Edition) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1984
  7. Mart semnadtsatogo (Krasnoe koleso / Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn) (Russian Edition) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1986
  8. November 1916 (The Red Wheel II) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1999-01
  9. November 1916 (The Red Wheel) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 2000-04-27
  10. Solzhenitsyn: A Pictorial Autobiography by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1974-12
  11. Alexander Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (Monarch notes) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1985-10
  12. Alexander Solzhenitsyn Speaks to the West by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1978-11
  13. Oak and the Calf: A Memoir by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1987-04
  14. Nobel Lecture (Bilingual Edition) by Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, 1972-12

1. Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn Search for books at 20th-century-history-books.com.20th-century-history-books.com.
http://20th-century-history-books.com/search_Aleksandr_Isaevich_Solzhenitsyn/sea

Home
Search High Volume Orders Links ... Yitzhak Rabin Additional Subjects The Anglo-Irish War, 1916-1921 Robert Sheckley 1910s History Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? ... On Hallowed Ground: The Last Battle for Pork Chop Hill Featured Books The Gulag Archipelago 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation
It is a marvel to flip through this book again, though the abridged version is nothing compared to the original 3-volume trilogy. Though it is very difficult to get into - in the original v1 there is a long abstract section on gulags as a sewage system in turbid prose - once the reader gets swept into thos narrative of suffering there is no other reading experience like it. Solzhenitsyn spent his youth as a gulag prisoner for having criticized Stalin on a postcard. V1 covers his arrest and in...
Written by Thomas P. Whitney H. T. Willetts Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Published by Westview Press (May 1997)
ISBN 0813332893
Price $25.00
The First Circle

The book's title refers to the first circle of Hell in Dante's Inferno. This is the least oppressive level of Hell. The prison camp described in this book offers plenty of food to the prisoners, no backbreaking physical labor, and a warm bed. Most of Stalin's prison camps are located in Siberia where the prisoners freeze and starve. What accounts for Stalin's leniency? The prisoners are scientists working on top secret projects like a telephone for Stalin's use that can't be tapped, and a sys...

2. Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn - Encyclopedia Article About Aleksandr Isaevich
encyclopedia article about Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn. Aleksandr IsaevichSolzhenitsyn in Free online English dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia.
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia
Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn ) (born December 11 December 11 is the 345th day (346th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 20 days remaining.
Events
  • 1205 - John Grey, Bishop of Norwich, elected Archbishop of Canterbury
  • 1792 - King Louis XVI of France goes on trial for treason
  • 1816 - Indiana becomes the 19th U.S. state.
  • 1816 - Citizens of Geneva, Switzerland repel attack by Savoy

Click the link for more information. Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s - Years: 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 -
Events
  • Finnish Civil War between the Reds and the Whites, January - April.
  • Habsburg Empire ceases to exist
  • Grand Duchy of Baden ceases to exist

Click the link for more information. ) is a Russian The Russian Federation Russia
Click the link for more information. novelist A novel is a long work of fiction written in prose. It is longer and more complex than a short story or novella, and it is not bound by the restrictions of plays and poetry.
Early novels
Significant early novels in various languages and genres include:
  • Xenophon

3. Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich
The summary for this Japanese page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set.
http://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/Writer/S/solzhenitsyn-aleksandr.html
Full list Modern Russian Writers - Main Page
Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich
Август четырнадцатого. Часть I. Париж, 1971 (Роман–газета 23/24 (1991), 1–3 (1992)). Всероссийскому Патриарху Пимену — великопостное письмо. Writers and Scholarcs International, 1972. Расколотый мир. Речь на ассамблее выпускников Гарвардского университета 8 июня 1978. Зарубежье (Мюнхен) cентябрь–ноябрь (1978). Собрание сочинений. В 20 т. Париж; Вермонт : YMCA-Press, 1978–1991. Как нам обустроить Россию: Посильные соображения. М., 1990. (Б–чка "Комсомольской правды". No. 11).

Slavic Research Center
, Hokkaido University

4. The Gulag Archipelago: 1918 1956 Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Title The Gulag Archipelago 1918 1956 solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich AleksandrIsaevich Solzhenitsyn Subject Biography Autobiography Literary Category
http://www.wisex.co.uk/Aleksandr-Isaevich-Solzhe-The-Gulag-Archipelago-19-993-55
The Gulag Archipelago: 1918 1956 Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Author or Artist : Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Title: The Gulag Archipelago: 1918 1956
Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich
Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Subject: Biography Autobiography Literary
Category: History General
Format: Paperback
James W. Huston-Secret Justice...

Ellen Ogden-From the Cook's Garden: Recipes for Cooks Who Like to Garden, Gardeners Who Like to Cook, and Everyone Who Wishes They Had a Garden...

Access San Diego (Access San Diego)...

Bartholomew Gill-Death in Dublin...
...
Douglas Reeman-Strike from the Sea...

5. Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn: New & Used Books: Find The Lowest Price
The Gulag Archipelago 1918-1956 - Compare Prices, The Gulag Archipelago- 1918-1956By solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich Unknown Binding / HarperCollins
http://www.fetchbook.co.uk/search_Aleksandr_Isaevich_Solzhenitsyn/searchBy_Autho

About
Bookmark Recommend Us Enhance Your Site ... Help Keyword Title Author ISBN
Searched in books for Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn More than titles matched your search. Search took seconds. The Gulag Archipelago 1918-1956
By Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Paperback / Perennial / February 2002 / 0060007761
Books Similar to The Gulag Archipelago 1918-1956
Compare Prices
Book Reviews
The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation, I-VII
By Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Hardcover / Harpercollins / 9995363046
Books Similar to The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: A... Compare Prices Book Reviews The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation, V-VII By Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn Hardcover / Harpercollins / 9995368633 Books Similar to The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: A...

6. Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn: New & Used Books: Find The Lowest Price
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Compare Prices, One Day in the Lifeof Ivan Denisovich By solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich Unbound / Signet Book
http://www.fetchbook.co.uk/search_Aleksandr_Isaevich_Solzhenitsyn/startFrom_2.ht

About
Bookmark Recommend Us Enhance Your Site ... Help Keyword Title Author ISBN
Searched in books for Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn More than titles matched your search. Search took seconds. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
By Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich
Unbound / Signet Book / February 1963 / 0451519647
Books Similar to One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
Compare Prices
Book Reviews
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
By Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich
Unbound / Signet Book / August 1998 / 0451521765
Books Similar to One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Compare Prices Book Reviews Solzhenitsyn By David Burg Unbound / Stein and Day / January 1972 / 0812813758 Books Similar to Solzhenitsyn Compare Prices Book Reviews Solzhenitsyn: A Pictorial Autobiography By Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich Unbound / Farrar Straus Giroux / December 1974 / 0374266506 Books Similar to Solzhenitsyn: A Pictorial Autobiogr...

7. Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Author Alexander Solzhenitsyn, AleksandrIsaevich Solzhenitsyn, Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Alexander Tvardovsky.
http://www.book.nu/author/Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
BOOK.NU Search Title Author
Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
Author:
Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Alexander Tvardovsky List Price: $5.95 / Amazon.com Price: $5.95 Three Plays : Victory Celebrations, Prisoners, The Love-Girl and the Innocent
Author:
Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn List Price: $28.00 / Amazon.com Price: $28.00 Warning to the West
Author:
Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn List Price: $15.00 / Amazon.com Price: $15.00 The Gulag Archipelago: 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation, V-VII
Author:
Harry Willetts, Thomas P. Whitney, Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn List Price: $25.00 / Amazon.com Price: $17.00 The First Circle
Author:
Thomas P. Whitney, Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn List Price: $16.05 / Amazon.com Price: $11.24 The Oak and the Calf
Author:
Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, Harry Willetts List Price: $17.95 / Amazon.com Price: $17.95 November 1916: The Red Wheel/Knot II
Author:
H. T. Willetts, Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn, T. Solzheni

8. One Day In The Life Of Ivan Denisovich Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Title One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich AleksandrIsaevich Solzhenitsyn Subject Fiction Category Fiction General Format
http://www.woodworks2000.co.uk/Aleksandr-Isaevich-Solzhe-One-Day-in-the-Life-of-
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Author or Artist : Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Title: One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isaevich
Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
Subject: Fiction
Category: Fiction General
Format: Paperback
Alan Warner-Morvern Callar...

Steven Rose-The Making of Memory: From Molecules to Mind...

Graham Greene-The Quiet American...

Henning Mankell-The White Lioness...
...
Jonathan Swift-Gulliver's Travels (Oxford World's Classics)...

9. Books.reviewindex [UK]: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
9.62. The Gulag Archipelago 1918-1956 (solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich).Oak and the Calf (solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich). From
http://books.reviewindex.co.uk/reviews_uk/aleksandr-solzhenitsyn_1.html

Home
UK Book Reviews > Search Results For aleksandr solzhenitsyn
  • UK Book Reviews
  • UK DVD Reviews
  • UK Electronics Reviews
  • UK Kitchen Reviews ...
  • Search The Web Featured UK Links:
    OnTheWeb.co.uk: aleksandr-solzhenitsyn
    More Links >>
    Search For In
    Books Dvd Electronics Kitchen Music Software Toys VideoGames Video Book Search Results: aleksandr solzhenitsyn (Page 1)
  • 10. Solzhenitsyn A.I.
    solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich. Born on 11.12.1918. Linguistics. Academicianof the Division of Literature and Language since 29.05.1997.
    http://www.icp.ac.ru/RAS_1724-1999/CD_PAH/ENG/33/3315.HTM
    SOLZHENITSYN
    Aleksandr Isaevich
    Born on 11.12.1918.
    Linguistics.
    Academician of the Division of Literature and Language since 29.05.1997. Awards:
    Nobel Prize - in literature (1970); M.V.Lomonosov Gold Medal - for an outstanding contribution into the development of Russian literature, Russian language and Russian history (1998). Member of the Division of Literature and Language

    11. The Gulag Archipelago 1918-1956 By Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn
    One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Alexander solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevichSolzhenitsyn Yevgeny Yevtushenko Alexander Tvardovsky (August, 1998) Our
    http://www.bookhills.com/The_Gulag_Archipelago_1918-1956_0060007761.htm
    All Products Apparel Books Magazines Popular Music Classical Music Video DVD Baby Electronics Software Outdoor Living Wireless Phones
    Prisons
    The Gulag Archipelago: 1918-1956
    Browse Books
    Bestsellers in Prisons
    Flyboys: A True Story of Courage
    by James Bradley
    List Price:
    Our Price:
    You Save:
    Monster (rpkg)
    by Walter Dean Myers
    Our Price: Life in Prison
    by Stanley "Tookie" Williams
    Barbara Cottman Becnel
    Our Price: The Long Walk: The True Story of a Trek to Freedom
    by Slavomir Rawicz List Price: Our Price: You Save: by Michel Foucault List Price: Our Price: You Save: Gulag : A History by ANNE APPLEBAUM List Price: Our Price: You Save: Gates of Injustice: The Crisis in America's Prisons by Alan Elsner List Price: Our Price: You Save: We Die Alone: A WWII Epic of Escape and Endurance by David Howarth Stephen E. Ambrose List Price: Our Price: You Save: Letter and Papers from Prison by Dietrich Bonhoeffer List Price: Our Price: You Save: Life on the Outside : The Prison Odyssey of Elaine Bartlett by Jennifer Gonnerman List Price: Our Price: You Save:
    The Gulag Archipelago: 1918-1956
    by Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn

    12. Columbus Metropolitan Library: If You Like...
    If you like Search term solzhenitsyn aleksandr isaevich1918 Search by Author Search Results 1 matches.
    http://www.columbuslibrary.org/greatreads/searchresults.cfm?searchtype=JA&search

    13. Literature 1970
    for the ethical force with which he has pursued the indispensable traditionsof Russian literature . aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn. USSR. b. 1918.
    http://www.nobel.se/literature/laureates/1970/
    The Nobel Prize in Literature 1970
    "for the ethical force with which he has pursued the indispensable traditions of Russian literature" Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn USSR b. 1918 The Nobel Prize in Literature 1970
    Presentation Speech
    Alexander Solzhenitsyn
    Autobiography
    ...
    Other Resources
    The 1970 Prize in:
    Physics

    Chemistry

    Physiology or Medicine

    Literature
    ...
    Economic Sciences
    Find a Laureate: SITE FEEDBACK CONTACT TELL A FRIEND
    Last modified June 25, 2003 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

    14. Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn Winner Of The 1970 Nobel Prize In Literature
    aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Literature,at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn.
    http://almaz.com/nobel/literature/1970a.html
    A LEKSANDR I SAEVICH S OLZHENITSYN
    1970 Nobel Laureate in Literature
      for the ethical force with which he has pursued the indispensable traditions of Russian literature.
    Background
      Born: 1918
      Residence: USSR
    Book Store Featured Internet Links Nobel News Links Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors

    15. Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn Winner Of The 1970 Nobel Prize In Literature
    aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Literature, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn. 1970 Nobel Laureate in Literature Biography. aleksandr solzhenitsyn( submitted by Katharena Eiermann)
    http://www.almaz.com/nobel/Solzhenitsyn.html
    A LEKSANDR I SAEVICH S OLZHENITSYN
    1970 Nobel Laureate in Literature
      for the ethical force with which he has pursued the indispensable traditions of Russian literature.
    Background
      Born: 1918
      Residence: USSR
    Book Store Featured Internet Links Nobel News Links Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive
    Literature
    Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

    16. Alibris: Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
    Used, new outof-print books by author aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn. browseBOOKS, Browse for author aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn matched 76 titles.
    http://www.alibris.com/search/books/author/Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich
    You'll find it at Alibris: Over 40 million used, new and hard-to-find books! CART ACCOUNT WISHLIST HELP ... SEARCH search in
    Books Music: All CD Vinyl Movies: All DVD VHS
    by title / ISBN
    by author / artist
    by subject / genre
    my email address
    unsubscribe here

    your shopping cart

    order status

    wish list
    ... help browse BOOKS
    Browse for author " Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn " matched 76 titles. Sometimes it pays off to expand your search to view all available copies of books matching your search terms. Page of 4 sort results by Top Selling Title Author Used Price New Price Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956 more books like this by Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich Drawing on his own incarceration and exile, as well as on evidence from more than 200 fellow prisoners and Soviet archives, Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn reveals the entire apparatus of Soviet repression the state within the state that ruled all-powerfully. Through truly Shakespearean portraits of its victims men, women, and children we... buy used: from buy new: from One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich more books like this by Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich

    17. Books By Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn At Walmart.com - Every Day
    Find books written by aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn. Select from 1000's of books at Walmart.com, we have a great selection of highquality merchandise, friendly service and, of course, Every Day
    http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://na.link.decdna.net/n/3532/4200/www.walma

    18. Alibris: Solzhenitsyn
    1. Cover may not depict edition offered for sale, Gulag Archipelago, 19181956more books like this by solzhenitsyn, aleksandr isaevich Drawing on his own
    http://www.alibris.com/search/books/author/Solzhenitsyn
    You'll find it at Alibris: Over 40 million used, new and hard-to-find books! CART ACCOUNT WISHLIST HELP ... SEARCH search in
    Books Music: All CD Vinyl Movies: All DVD VHS
    by title / ISBN
    by author / artist
    by subject / genre
    my email address
    unsubscribe here

    your shopping cart

    order status

    wish list
    ... help browse BOOKS
    Browse for author " Solzhenitsyn " matched 96 titles. Sometimes it pays off to expand your search to view all available copies of books matching your search terms. Page of 4 sort results by Top Selling Title Author Used Price New Price Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956 more books like this by Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich Drawing on his own incarceration and exile, as well as on evidence from more than 200 fellow prisoners and Soviet archives, Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn reveals the entire apparatus of Soviet repression the state within the state that ruled all-powerfully. Through truly Shakespearean portraits of its victims men, women, and children we... buy used: from buy new: from One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich more books like this by Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich

    19. Skellarlist Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn
    aleksandr I. solzhenitsyn August 1914 The Red Wheel A Narrative in Discrete Periods of Time Vol 1 H.T. Willetts (Translator), aleksandr I. solzhenitsyn / Paperback / Published 1992. August 1914/Red Wheel, Knot 1 H.T. Invisible Allies aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn, et al / Hardcover / Published 1995 in 24 hours aleksandr isaevich solzhenitsyn, Yermolai solzhenitsyn / Hardcover / Published 1995
    http://www.scenewash.org/contraband/solzhenitsyn.html
    Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn:

    20. August 1914; Author: Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich; Author: Translator Willet
    August 1914. Author solzhenitsyn, aleksandr isaevich; Author Translator Willetts, Harry T. hastens the Bolshevik Revolution. aleksandr solzhenitsyn depicts a turning point in
    http://www.netstoreusa.com/lxbooks/037/0374519994.shtml
    August 1914
    English Books

    German Books

    Spanish Books

    Sheet Music
    ... NEW RELEASES
    August 1914
    Author: Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr Isaevich; Author: Translator Willetts, Harry T.
    Series#:1; Red Wheel (Paperback); Paperback
    854 pages
    Published: May 2000
    ISBN: 0374519994 August 1914 transports us to the battlefield at Tannenberg in the early months of World War I. Each command of the generals brings the hapless Russian army closer to humiliating defeat by the Germans, a critical loss that hastens the Bolshevik Revolution. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn depicts a turning point in Russian history with brilliant clarity. He offers unforgettable portraits of Nicholas II and Lenin, and shows us the individual characters army colonels and peasant soldiers, politicians and bourgeois wives whose quotidian actions are gathered into the inexorable movement of history.Expanded by Solzhenitsyn to almost twice the length of the original edition, this novel reconstructs the assassination of tsarist Prime Minister Pyotr Stolupin and the outbreak of the First World War. PRODUCT CODE: 0374519994 USA/Canada: US$ 25.00

    A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z  

    Page 1     1-20 of 95    1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20

    free hit counter