1. MIT Chemistry: Mario J. Molina Mario J. Molina Intitute Professor Professor of Chemistry Professorof Earth, Atmosphere, and Planetary Scineces. Room 541814 (617 http://web.mit.edu/chemistry/www/faculty/molina.html

Faculty and Research Mario J. Molina Intitute Professor Professor of Chemistry Professor of Earth, Atmosphere, and Planetary Scineces Room 54-1814 Fax: (617) 258-6525 mmolina@mit.edu Molina Research Group B.S. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 1965 Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley 1972 Our research group is concerned with the chemistry of the atmosphere and with the various ways in which human society can affect it. Our goal is to understand at a fundamental level the key atmospheric chemical processes that have important consequences, so that we can make reliable predictions of future changes. Our research involves laboratory studies of atmospheric chemical processes. We are also exploring science-policy issues related to urban and regional air pollution and to global change. Gas Phase Chemical Kinetics and Photochemistry We employ flow-tube techniques to measure elementary reaction rate constants and photochemical parameters. We monitor directly the concentrations of reactants and products, including transients, using chemical ionization mass spectrometry, laser-induced or vacuum-UV resonance fluorescence, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, etc. The reactions under study involve species such as ClO, OH, HO , SO , etc.

2. Mario J. Molina Homepage Professor Mario Molina has been involved in developing our understanding of the chemistry of the severe air pollution problems. Professor Molina was born in Mexico City, Mexico http://www-eaps.mit.edu/molina

Professor Mario Molina has been involved in developing our understanding of the chemistry of the stratospheric ozone layer and its susceptibility to human-made perturbations. In 1974 he was a co-author, with F. S. Rowland, of the publication in the British magazine Nature , of their research on the threat to the ozone layer from chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases that were being used as propellants in spray cans, as refrigerants, as solvents, etc. More recently, he has also been involved with the chemistry of air pollution of the lower atmosphere. He is also pursuing interdisciplinary work on tropospheric pollution issues, working with colleagues from many other disciplines on the problem of rapidly growing cities with severe air pollution problems. Last update, 12/31/00 Questions, comments? Luisa Molina

3. World Economic Forum Knowledge Navigator - Molina Mario molina mario. Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Sloan School of Management http://www.weforum.org/site/knowledgenavigator.nsf/Content/Molina Mario

FAQs Sitemap Contact Us Search Molina Mario Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Sloan School of Management at MIT has been one of the world's leading academic sources of innovation in management theory and practice. With students from more than 60 countries, it develops leaders who drive successful innovation and who advance the global economy. Personal Profile: 1965, Graduate, Universidad Nacional Aut³noma de M©xico; 1972, PhD in Physical Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley. 1975-82, Assistant and Associate Professor, University of California, Irvine; 1982-89, Senior Research Scientist, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech; since 1989, Professor and Institute Professor, MIT. Member: National Academy of Sciences, USA; Institute of Medicine, USA. Expertise: Atmospheric Chemistry and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion. 1983, Tyler Ecology and Energy Prize. 1995, Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 1999, UNEP Sasakawa Prize. Printer friendly version Send to a friend Related sessions: Dealing with the Environment: More Decisive Policies Emission Impossible?

4. World Economic Forum Knowledge Navigator - Molina Mario More results from www.weforum.org MSN Encarta Molina, Mario J. Sign in above. Molina, Mario J. Molina, Mario J. (1943- ), Mexican-Americanchemist and Nobel Prize winner. Find more about Molina, Mario J. from, http://www.weforum.org/site/knowledgenavigator.nsf/Content/Molina Mario?open

5. WIEM: Molina Mario molina mario (1943), chemik amerykanski pochodzenia meksykanskiego. Profesor Chemia,Stany Zjednoczone, Meksyk molina mario (1943-). Molina http://wiem.onet.pl/wiem/01166c.html

WIEM 2004 - zobacz now± edycjê encyklopedii! Kup abonament i encyklopediê na CD-ROM, sprawd¼ ofertê cenow±! Oferta specjalna abonamentów dla szkó³ i instytucji! Uwaga! Przedstawione poni¿ej has³o pochodzi z archiwalnej edycji WIEM 2001! Prace redakcyjne nad edycj± 2001 zosta³y zakoñczone. Zapraszamy do korzystania z nowej, codziennie aktualizowanej i wzbogacanej w nowe tre¶ci edycji WIEM 2004 Chemia, Stany Zjednoczone, Meksyk Molina Mario Molina Mario (1943-), chemik amerykañski pochodzenia meksykañskiego. Profesor Massachusetts Institute of Technology , cz³onek Amerykañskiej AN. Wraz z  F.S. Rowlandem wykaza³ w 1974, ¿e ozon mo¿e byæ rozk³adany przez zanieczyszczenia wprowadzane do atmosfery ziemskiej (g³ównie gazy zwane freonami Powstawanie dziury ozonowej Z uwagi na wa¿no¶æ warstwy ozonowej dla ¿ycia na Ziemi prace te - ³±cznie z badaniami nad powstawaniem i reakcjami ozonu atmosferycznego, które prowadzi³ P. Crutzen, chemik holenderski - uhonorowano w 1995 Nagrod± Nobla w dziedzinie chemii. WIEM zosta³a opracowana na podstawie Popularnej Encyklopedii Powszechnej Wydawnictwa Fogra zobacz wszystkie serwisy do góry

6. Tufts E-News -- Mario Molina Mario Molina Nobel PrizeWinning Scientist, Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology. Mario Molina, Institute Professor at the Massachusetts http://enews.tufts.edu/stories/032603Molina.htm

PRINT THIS ARTICLE SUBMIT YOUR COMMENTS Mario Molina: Nobel Prize-Winning Scientist, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Mario Molina, Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology In 1995, he shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry In 1995, 20 years after their seminal article appeared in Nature magazine, the production of CFCs was banned in developed countries by the Montreal Protocol, an international agreement convened by the United Nations Environment Programme. Dr. Molina has continued teaching and research. When scientists discovered a huge hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica in 1984, some skeptics still questioned whether CFCs were causing the damage. He showed how chlorine-activation reactions were taking place in the presence of ice under polar stratospheric conditions and eating away the ozone layer. In recent years, he has directed a joint project between MIT and local government in Mexico City to improve the dangerous air quality situation in his hometown. Biography and photo courtesy The Heinz Awards Keynote Speaker Margaret Marshall Chief Justice, Mass Supreme Judicial Court

7. BreakThrough/Mario Molina Mario Molina. Mario Molina was born and raised in Mexico City, oneof the most polluted cities in the world. Not surprisingly, today http://www.pbs.org/breakthrough/resource/molinabio.htm

Mario Molina Mario Molina was born and raised in Mexico City, one of the most polluted cities in the world. Not surprisingly, today he is one of the world's most knowledgeable experts on pollution and on the effects of chemical pollution on the environment. Mario began his scientific career as a chemical engineering major in his native Mexico. Although he loved chemistry, he began to realize that there is a negative side to this field of science: Chemicals can be dangerous. He also discovered that research, rather than engineering, was his career goal. While working on his doctorate at the University of California at Berkeley, Mario began studying, along with his advisor Sherwood Roland, a particular type of chemical - chlorofluorocarbons - then widely used in consumer products. Mario wanted to know what happened to these chemicals when they entered the environment, because although they posed no danger to humans in their original form, these chemicals might change in the atmosphere. As Mario investigated chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, he realized that they were accumulating in the upper levels of the atmosphere. At high altitudes, the CFC molecules were breaking apart and the resulting chlorine atoms were destroying an important part of the atmosphere called ozone. Mario and Roland published their study about the ozone layer in the early 1970s, but no one seemed to react. After several years, the destruction of the ozone layer became big news. Mario became a spokesperson, calling for limits and controls on the production and use of CFCs. In 1984, scientists discovered a huge hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. Still, some people did not believe that CFCs were the cause of the problem. However, Mario went back to his lab and proved how and why the chemical reaction was happening. After years of work, his research had been successful. In 1995, Molina was awarded the most prestigious award of all - the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

8. Mario J. Molina - Encyclopedia Article About Mario J. Molina. Free Access, No Re encyclopedia article about Mario J. Molina. Mario J. Molina in Free onlineEnglish dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. Mario J. Molina. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Mario J. Molina

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Mario J. Molina Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Mario J. Molina (born March 19 March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). There are 287 days remaining. Events 1279 - Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. 1687 - The men under explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle murder him while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. 1831 - The City Bank of New York is the site of the first bank robbery in United States history ($245,000 taken). Click the link for more information. Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s - Years: 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 - Events January January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China. January 14 - Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to travel by airplane while in office (Miami, Florida to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill to discuss World War II). Click the link for more information.

9. Celebrate Hispanic Heritage! Meet Mario Molina Mario Molina made important discoveries about the danger of chemicalsto the earth s atmosphere. He won a Nobel Prize. Biography. http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/hispanic/molina.htm

Scholastic Home About Us Site Map Search ... Customer Service Mario Molina made important discoveries about the danger of chemicals to the earth's atmosphere. He won a Nobel Prize. Biography When Mario Molina was a young boy living in Mexico City, he loved science so much that he turned one of the rooms in his family´s house into a lab. He spent hours there playing with chemistry sets. Little did he dream as a boy that one day he would make discoveries that would help protect the world's atmosphere, and he would become famous. While he was fascinated by chemicals, Molina knew as a young man that chemicals can be dangerous, too. In his lab as a graduate student, he began to investigate "chlorofluorocarbons" — known as CFCs — a group of chemicals used in spray cans, air conditioners, and other items you would find in any house. He and Professor Sherwood Rowland discovered that when these gases enter the atmosphere, they break apart. The chlorine atoms from them were destroying part of the ozone layer . This layer filters out most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays, protecting life on earth.

10. Mario Jose Molina Mario Jose Molina. Mario Jose Molina (1943). Mexicanborn Americanchemist who was jointly awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize for Chemistry http://www.nobel-winners.com/Chemistry/mario_jose_molina.html

Mario Jose Molina Mario Jose Molina Mexican-born American chemist who was jointly awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, along with chemists F. Sherwood Rowland and Paul Crutzen, for research in the 1970s concerning the decomposition of the ozonosphere, which shields the Earth from dangerous solar radiation. The discoveries of Molina and Rowlandthat some industrially manufactured gases deplete the ozone layerled to an international movement in the late 20th century to limit the widespread use of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases. Molina studied chemical engineering at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (B.S., 1965) in Mexico City and received an advanced degree from the University of Freiburg (1967) in West Germany before returning to his alma mater to become an associate professor (1967-68). He resumed his education in the United States at the University of California, Berkeley (Ph.D., 1972), where he worked for a year before joining Rowland at the University of California, Irvine. The pair conducted experiments on pollutants in the atmosphere, discovering that CFC gases rise into the stratosphere, where ultraviolet radiation breaks them into their component elements of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. There, each chlorine atom is capable of destroying about 100,000 ozone molecules before becoming inactive.

11. Mario Molina - Autobiography mario J. molina – Autobiography. I was born in Mexico City on March 19, 1943;my parents were Roberto molina Pasquel and Leonor Henriquez de molina. http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1995/molina-autobio.html

I was born in Mexico City on March 19, 1943; my parents were Roberto Molina Pasquel and Leonor Henriquez de Molina. My father was a lawyer; he had a private practice, but he also taught at the National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) ). In his later years, after I had left Mexico, he served as Mexican Ambassador to Ethiopia, Australia and the Philippines. During my first year at Berkeley, I took courses in physics and mathematics, in addition to the required courses in physical chemistry. I then joined the research group of Professor George C. Pimentel, with the goal of studying molecular dynamics using chemical lasers, which were discovered in his group a few years earlier. It was also at that time that I met Luisa Tan, who was a fellow graduate student in Pimentel's group and who later became my wife and close scientific collaborator. George Pimentel was also a pioneer in the development of matrix isolation techniques, which is widely used in the study of the molecular structure and bonding of transient species. He was an excellent teacher and a wonderful mentor; his warmth, enthusiasm, and encouragement provided me with inspiration to pursue important scientific questions. My graduate work involved the investigation of the distribution of internal energy in the products of chemical and photochemical reactions; chemical lasers were well suited as tools for such studies. At the beginning I had little experience with the experimental techniques required for my research, such as handling vacuum lines, infrared optics, electronic instrumentation, etc. I learned much of this from my colleague and friend Francisco Tablas, who was a postdoctoral fellow at that time. Eventually I became confident enough to generate original results on my own: my earliest achievement consisted of explaining some features in the laser signals - that at first sight appeared to be noise - as "relaxation oscillations," predictable from the fundamental equations of laser emission.

12. Chemistry 1995 for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation anddecomposition of ozone . Paul J. Crutzen, mario J. molina, F. Sherwood Rowland. http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1995/

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 "for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone" Paul J. Crutzen Mario J. Molina F. Sherwood Rowland 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize the Netherlands USA USA Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA, USA University of California Irvine, CA, USA b. 1933 b. 1943 (in Mexico City, Mexico) b. 1927 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 Press Release Presentation Speech Illustrated Presentation ... Other Resources The 1995 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Economic Sciences Find a Laureate: SITE FEEDBACK CONTACT TELL A FRIEND Last modified June 23, 2003 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

13. Molina, Mario molina, mario, mario molina, 1995. Copyright Jim Bourg/Gamma Liaison. in full mario JOSÉ molina (b. March 19, 1943, Mexico City, Mex.) http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/721_70.html

Molina, Mario, Mario Molina, 1995 Nobel Prize for Chemistry , along with chemists F. Sherwood Rowland and Paul Crutzen , for research in the 1970s concerning the decomposition of the ozonosphere, which shields the Earth from dangerous solar radiation. The discoveries of Molina and Rowlandthat some industrially manufactured gases deplete the ozone layerled to an international movement in the late 20th century to limit the widespread use of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases. Molina studied chemical engineering at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (B.S., 1965) in Mexico City and received an advanced degree from the University of Freiburg (1967) in West Germany before returning to his alma mater to become an associate professor (1967-68). He resumed his education in the United States at the University of California, Berkeley (Ph.D., 1972), where he worked for a year before joining Rowland at the University of California, Irvine. The pair conducted experiments on pollutants in the atmosphere, discovering that CFC gases rise into the stratosphere, where ultraviolet radiation breaks them into their component elements of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. There, each chlorine atom is capable of destroying about 100,000 ozone molecules before becoming inactive. Molina was the principal author of the paper describing their theories, which was published in the scientific journal

14. Mario Molina Clases de guitarra, actividades del mºsico, proyectos, novedades, curr­culum, galer­a de fotos, equipamiento y enlaces. http://www.mariomolina.com

15. National Atomic Museum | Dr. Mario Molina The Enduring Stockpile Delivery Systems. Dr. mario molina. In 1995, mario molina received a Nobel prize in chemistry http://www.atomicmuseum.com/tour/sc2.cfm

Home About Us Membership Museum Store ... Delivery Systems Dr. Mario Molina In 1995, Mario Molina received a Nobel prize in chemistry for his work in atmospheric chemistry and the effect of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) on the depletion of the ozone layer. He shared the Nobel Prize with F. Sherwood Rowland and Paul Crutzen. This was the first time a Nobel Prize for research into the impact of man-made objects on the environment was awarded. The discoveries led to an international environmental treaty, which bans the production of industrial chemicals that reduce the ozone layer. Dr. Molina was named one of the top 20 Hispanics in Technology, 1998. Today, Dr. Molina is one of the world's most knowledgeable experts on pollution and the effects of chemical pollution on the environment. Mexican-born scientist Dr. Molina is currently the Lee and Geraldine Martin Professor of Environmental Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "It's very rewarding to see how one can simultaneously try to work with problems that affect society in a very direct way," he says. National Atomic Museum.

16. Mario J. Molina mmolina@mit.edu. Prof. molina's Home Page. Tel (617) 2535081. Fax (617) 258-6525. Bldg. 54-1814 molina, mario J. mmolina@mit.edu Professor molina has been involved in developing our scientific understanding of the chemistry of the stratospheric http://www-eaps.mit.edu/faculty/molina.htm

Molina, Mario J. mmolina@mit.edu Prof. Molina's Home Page Tel: (617) 253-5081 Fax: (617) 258-6525 Bldg. 54-1814 Institute Professor, Nobel Laureate Back to EAPS Homepage

17. Mario Molina Winner Of The 1995 Nobel Prize In Chemistry mario molina, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Chemistry, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. mario molina. 1995 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry Official award announcement and background. mario molina http://www.almaz.com/nobel/chemistry/1995b.html

M ARIO M OLINA 1995 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone. Background Residence: USA Affiliation: department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA Featured Internet Links Prize Co-recipient: Paul Crutzen F. Prize Co-recipient: Sherwood Rowland Official award announcement and background Mario Molina Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry (MIT The Tech) Prof. Molina's research interests. Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Chemist Donates Nobel Winnings Part of Prize to Fund Ecology Work at MIT Student Gets Help from Nobel Laureate MIT Scientist Shares Nobel for Identifying Ozone Damage Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Molina to Speak at Berkeley Mario J. Molina, Biografia, Obra, Pensamiento, etc (submitted by webmaster Premios Nobel Hispanoamericanos (submitted by webmaster Mario J. Molina – Nobel Lecture (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar A Century of Chemical Dynamics Traced through the Nobel Prizes. 1995: Paul Crutzen, Sherwood Rowland, and Mario Molina

18. Mario Molina Winner Of The 1995 Nobel Prize In Chemistry mario molina, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Chemistry, at the Nobel PrizeInternet Archive. mario molina. 1995 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry http://almaz.com/nobel/chemistry/1995b.html

M ARIO M OLINA 1995 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone. Background Residence: USA Affiliation: department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA Featured Internet Links Prize Co-recipient: Paul Crutzen F. Prize Co-recipient: Sherwood Rowland Official award announcement and background Mario Molina Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry (MIT The Tech) Prof. Molina's research interests. Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Chemist Donates Nobel Winnings Part of Prize to Fund Ecology Work at MIT Student Gets Help from Nobel Laureate MIT Scientist Shares Nobel for Identifying Ozone Damage Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Molina to Speak at Berkeley Mario J. Molina, Biografia, Obra, Pensamiento, etc (submitted by webmaster Premios Nobel Hispanoamericanos (submitted by webmaster Mario J. Molina – Nobel Lecture (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar A Century of Chemical Dynamics Traced through the Nobel Prizes. 1995: Paul Crutzen, Sherwood Rowland, and Mario Molina

19. MIT's Mario Molina Wins Nobel Prize In Chemistry For Discovery Of Ozone Depletio MIT s mario molina Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry for Discovery ofOzone Depletion. For Immediate Release, Oct. 11, 1995, 1130 am http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/1995/40924.html

News Releases Search MIT News Office Comments ... MIT MIT's Mario Molina Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry for Discovery of Ozone Depletion Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded today (Wednesday, Oct. 11, 1995) to MIT Professor Mario Molina News Releases Search MIT News Office ... MIT

20. Molina, Mario --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia molina, mario Britannica Student Encyclopedia. MLA style molina, mario. BritannicaStudent Encyclopedia. 2004. Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service. http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article?eu=336878&query=mario pinto de andrade&ct=

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