1. WIEM: Kamerlingh-Onnes Heike Zapraszamy do korzystania z nowej, codziennie aktualizowanej i wzbogacanej w nowetresci edycji WIEM 2004. Fizyka, Holandia kamerlinghonnes heike (1853-1926). http://wiem.onet.pl/wiem/0029ef.html

WIEM 2004 - zobacz now± edycjê encyklopedii! Kup abonament i encyklopediê na CD-ROM, sprawd¼ ofertê cenow±! Oferta specjalna abonamentów dla szkó³ i instytucji! Uwaga! Przedstawione poni¿ej has³o pochodzi z archiwalnej edycji WIEM 2001! Prace redakcyjne nad edycj± 2001 zosta³y zakoñczone. Zapraszamy do korzystania z nowej, codziennie aktualizowanej i wzbogacanej w nowe tre¶ci edycji WIEM 2004 Fizyka, Holandia Kamerlingh-Onnes Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes Heike (1853-1926), wybitny fizyk holenderski, profesor uniwersytetu w Lejdzie, odkrywca zjawiska nadprzewodnictwa (1911), skropli³ hel (1908), sformu³owa³ równanie stanu dla cieczy lub pary rzeczywistej (uogólnienie równania van der Waalsa). Za badanie w³asno¶ci cia³ w niskich temperaturach i skroplenie helu zosta³ uhonorowany Nagrod± Nobla w 1913. WIEM zosta³a opracowana na podstawie Popularnej Encyklopedii Powszechnej Wydawnictwa Fogra zobacz wszystkie serwisy do góry

2. Kamerlingh-Onnes Heike Kamerlingh Onnes b. September 21, 1853, Groningen, The Netherlandsd. February 21, 1926, Leiden, ZuidHolland, The Netherlands. http://www.geocities.com/neveyaakov/electro_science/kamerlingh-onnes.html

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes b. September 21, 1853, Groningen, The Netherlands d. February 21, 1926, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was Dutch winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1913 for his work on low-temperature physics and his production of liquid helium. He discovered superconductivity, the almost total lack of electrical resistance in certain materials when cooled to a temperature near absolute zero. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was born on September 21, 1853, at Groningen, The Netherlands. His father, Harm Kamerlingh Onnes, was the owner of a brickworks near Groningen; his mother was Anna Gerdina Coers of Arnhem, the daughter of an architect. After spending the allotted time at the " Hoogere Burgerschool " in his native town (secondary school without classical languages), the director of which was the later Professor of Chemistry at Leyden J.M. van Bemmelen, he received supplementary teaching in Greek and Latin. In 1870 he entered the University of Groningen, obtained his " candidaats " degree (approx. B.Sc.) the following year, and then went to Heidelberg University as a student of the German physicists

3. SmartPedia.com - Free Online Encyclopedia - Encyclopedia Books. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. (Redirected from Heike KamerlinghOnnes) Heike KamerlinghOnnes (September 21, 1853 - February 21, 1926) was a Dutch physicist. http://www.smartpedia.com/smart/browse/Heike_Kamerlingh-Onnes

Search: Math and Natural Sciences Applied Arts Social Sciences Culture ... Interdisciplinary Categories Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Categories Nobel Prize in Physics winners (Redirected from Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes Heike Kamerlingh Onnes September 21 February 21 ) was a Dutch physicist He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for (in the words of the committee) "his investigations on the properties ofmatter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium". In Onnes was the first physicist who made this liquefaction of helium possible. For this purpose he founded a cryogenics lab, in . Here he managed, using the Joule-Thomson effect , to lower the temperature to less than onedegree above the absolute minimum (0,9°K). By then this was by far the coldest place on earth Among his other achievements is the discovery (in ) of superconductivity of pure metals ( mercury tin and lead ) atvery low temperatures. He was born in Groningen Netherlands and studied under studied under RobertBunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff at the University of Heidelberg . From 1882 to 1923 he served asprofessor of experimental physics at the University of Leiden He died in Leiden The instruments Onnes devised for his experiments can still be seen at the Boerhave museum in Leiden.

4. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes - Information Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Information. Museum - Dutch National Museum ofthe History of Science and Medicine; About Heike Kamerlingh Onnes. http://www.book-spot.co.uk/index.php/Heike_Kamerlingh-Onnes

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes - Information Home Mathematical and natural sciences Applied arts and sciences Social sciences and philosophy ... Interdisciplinary categories adsonar_pid=2712;adsonar_ps=1199;adsonar_zw=120;adsonar_zh=600;adsonar_jv='ads.adsonar.com'; Heike Kamerlingh Onnes September 21 February 21 ) was a Dutch physicist He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for (in the words of the committee) "his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium". In Onnes was the first physicist who made this liquefaction of helium possible. For this purpose he founded a cryogenics lab, in . Here he managed, using the Joule-Thompson effect , to lower the temperature to less than one degree above the absolute minimum (0,9°K). By then this was by far the coldest place on earth Among his other achievements is the discovery (in ) of superconductivity of pure metals ( mercury tin and lead ) at very low temperatures. He was born in Groningen Netherlands and studied under studied under Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff at the University of Heidelberg . From 1882 to 1923 he served as professor of experimental physics at the University of Leiden He died in Leiden The instruments Onnes devised for his experiments can still be seen at the Boerhave museum in Leiden.

5. Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes Winner Of The 1913 Nobel Prize In Physics heike kamerlinghonnes, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. heike kamerlingh-onnes. 1913 Nobel Laureate in Physics Portrait of Jenny Kamerlingh Onnes. heike Kamerlingh Onnes Biography( submitted by Chinnappan Baskar) heike Kamerlingh http://www.almaz.com/nobel/physics/1913a.html

H EIKE K AMERLINGH -O NNES 1913 Nobel Laureate in Physics for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia to the production of liquid helium. Background Residence: the Netherlands Affiliation: Leyden University Featured Internet Links Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Books on superconductivity Portrait of Jenny Kamerlingh Onnes Heike Kamerlingh Onnes – Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Photo and Some Information (submitted by Paul Heike Onnes Short Bio (submitted by Nob Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (Physics, Biographies) (submitted by Davis) Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (submitted by Jackson) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

6. Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike kamerlinghonnes, heike (1853-1926). heike Kamerlingh Onnes was bornon September 21, 1853, at Groningen, The Netherlands. His father http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/k/KamerlinghOnne

Kamerlingh-Onnes, Heike Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was born on September 21, 1853, at Groningen, The Netherlands. His father, Harm Kamerlingh Onnes, was the owner of a brickworks near Groningen; his mother was Anna Gerdina Coers of Arnhem, the daughter of an architect. After spending the allotted time at the "Hoogere Burgerschool" in his native town (secondary school without classical languages), the director of which was the later Professor of Chemistry at Leyden J.M. van Bemmelen, he received supplementary teaching in Greek and Latin. In 1870 he entered the University of Groningen, obtained his "candidaats" degree (approx. B.Sc.) the following year, and then went to Heidelberg as a student of Bunsen and Kirchhoff from October 1871 until April 1873. Thereafter he returned to Groningen, where he passed his "doctoraal" examination (approx. M.Sc.) in 1878 and obtained the doctor's degree in 1879 with a remarkable thesis Nieuwe bewijzen voor de aswenteling der aarde (New proofs of the rotation of the earth). Meanwhile in 1878 he had become assistant at the Polytechnicum at Delft, working under Bosscha, in whose place he also lectured in 1881 and 1882, the year in which he was appointed Professor of Experimental Physics and Meteorology at Leyden University, in succession to P.L. Rijke.

7. Kamerlingh-Onnes, Heike (1853-1926) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific kamerlinghonnes, heike (1853-1926), Portions Trough Measurement to Knowledgethe Selected Papers of heike kamerlingh-onnes, 1853-1926. Dordrecht http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Kamerlingh-Onnes.html

Branch of Science Physicists Nationality Dutch ... Barran Kamerlingh-Onnes, Heike (1853-1926) Portions of this entry contributed by Michel Barran Dutch physicist was graduated from the University of Groningen, receiving his Ph.D. in 1879 after having studied with Bunsen and Kirchhoff at Heidelberg (1871-1873). In his doctoral thesis, he gave both theoretical and experimental proofs that Foucault's well-known pendulum experiment should be considered as a special case of a large group of phenomena which can be used to prove the rotation of the Earth. Kamerlingh-Onnes taught at Polytechnic School at Delft (Netherlands) in 1880-1882, during which time he was in close contact with van der Waals, professor of physics in Amsterdam. Kamerlingh-Onnes became a professor of experimental physics at Leiden (1882-1924). Kamerlingh-Onnes's main research goal was to gather experimental evidence for the atomic theory of matter and to give experimental support to van der Waals's corpuscular theory of gazes at low temperatures. He established the Cryogenic Laboratory at Leyden University (1894) which, using the Joule-Thomson effect he produced liquid helium for the first time in 1908. Later, his pupils W. H. Keesom and W. J. de Haas conducted experiments in the same laboratory, which led them still closer to

8. Incomplete Entries From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biography Houtermans, Friedrich Georg (19031966) (. Physics Today, p. 29, July 1992.).kamerlingh-onnes, heike (1853-1926) (Onnes, H. K. Comm. Phys. Lab. Univ. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/info-entries.html

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9. Biografia De Kamerlingh-Onnes, Heike Translate this page kamerlingh-onnes, heike. (Groninga, Países Bajos, 1853-Leiden, id., 1926)Físico holandés, descubridor del fenómeno de la superconductividad. http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/k/kamerlingh.htm

Inicio Buscador Utilidades Recomendar sitio Enlaces Kamerlingh-Onnes, Heike Inicio Buscador Recomendar sitio

10. Escolar.com - Biografia De Kamerlingh-Onnes, Heike Translate this page kamerlingh-onnes, heike. (Groninga, Países Bajos, 1853-Leiden, id., 1926)Físico holandés, descubridor del fenómeno de la superconductividad. http://www.escolar.com/biografias/k/kamerlingh.htm

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11. Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes Winner Of The 1913 Nobel Prize In Physics heike kamerlinghonnes. Portrait of Jenny Kamerlingh Onnes; heikeKamerlingh Onnes – Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar); http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/1913a.html

H EIKE K AMERLINGH -O NNES 1913 Nobel Laureate in Physics for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia to the production of liquid helium. Background Residence: the Netherlands Affiliation: Leyden University Featured Internet Links Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Books on superconductivity Portrait of Jenny Kamerlingh Onnes Heike Kamerlingh Onnes – Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Photo and Some Information (submitted by Paul Heike Onnes Short Bio (submitted by Nob Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (Physics, Biographies) (submitted by Davis) Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (submitted by Jackson) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

12. Index Of Nobel Laureates In Physics Translate this page Hulse, Russell A. 1993. Jensen, J. Hans D. 1963. Josephson, Brian D. 1973. kamerlingh-onnes,heike, 1913. Kapitsa, Pyotr Leonidovich, 1978. Kastler, Alfred, 1966. http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/alpha.html

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSICS Name Year Awarded Abrikosov, Alexei A. Alferov, Zhores I. Alfven, Hannes Alvarez, Luis W. ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

13. Lexikon - Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Definition Erklärung Bedeutung Translate this page heike Kamerlingh Onnes. Definition, Bedeutung, Erklärung im Lexikon. Artikelauf Englisch heike Kamerlingh Onnes. heike Kamerlingh Onnes (* 21. http://www.net-lexikon.de/Heike-Kamerlingh-Onnes.html

14. Portraits De Personnages Celebres : KAM Translate this page kamerlingh-onnes (heike) Photo 1/2/3/4 Photo de groupe 1 (avec William LawrenceBRAGG, Léon BRILLOUIN, Louis de BROGLIE, Marie CURIE, Albert EINSTEIN, James http://www.onlipix.com/personnages/kam.htm

KAM A B C D ... Z KAMEHAMEHA I Sculpture KAMEL PACHA Photo de groupe (avec Pierre LOTI KAMENEV (Lev Borissovitch ROZENFELD, dit)(1883-1936) Photo Photo de groupe (en 1919, avec LENINE et TROTSKI (1922, avec LENINE )/3 (en 1919, avec LENINE et TROTSKI )/4 (en 1920, avec LENINE et TROTSKI Dessin KAMENEVA (Emma) Photo de groupe (avec son petit-fils Genna) KAMENEVA (Vera) Fotografia Photo de groupe Emma KAMERLINGH-ONNES (Heike) Photo Photo de groupe (avec William Lawrence BRAGG Louis de BROGLIE Marie CURIE Albert EINSTEIN ... Walther NERNST et Heinrich RUBENS KAMIL (Amin) Photo KAMINSKI (Isabel) Photo KAMIONSKY (Oscar)(1869-1917) Photo KAMMU (Empereur du Japon) Dessin Onlipix.com

15. SmartPedia.com - Free Online Encyclopedia - Encyclopedia Books. Translate this page Heiji Rebellion, Heikant, heike kamerlingh-onnes. heike Kamerlingh Onnes, heikeMakatsch, heike monogatari. Heikkala Lake, Minnesota, Heikki Häiväoja, Heilbronn. http://www.smartpedia.com/smart/browse/Special:Allpages&from=Heegner_number

Search: Math and Natural Sciences Applied Arts Social Sciences Culture ... Interdisciplinary Categories All pages Heegner number Heeia, Hawaii Heel Heel-and-Toe ... Caption This This document is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL), which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license. GFDL SOURCE

16. Ä«¸á¸µ ¿Â³×½º(Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes; 1853-1926) The summary for this Korean page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://phys.kyungwon.ac.kr/science/science_tip/physicists/onnes.htm

Ä«¸á¸µ ¿Â³×½º(Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes; 1853-1926) ¿Â³×½º´Â 1870³â ±×·Î´×°Õ ´ëÇп¡ µé¾î°¬°í, ´ÙÀ½ÇØ¿¡ À§Æ®·¹ÈåÆ® ´ëÇÐÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ Áõ±â ¹Ðµµ¿¡ °üÇÑ Æò·ÐÀ» Á¦âÇß°í °Å±â¼­ ±Ý¸Þ´ÞÀ» ¼ö»óÇß´Ù. ÇÏÀ̵¨º£¸£Å©¿¡¼­ ¿Â³×½º´Â ºÐÁ¨(Robert Wilhelm Bunsen; 1811-1899) ¹Ø¿¡¼­ °øºÎÇß°í Å°¸£È÷È£ÇÁ(Gustav Robert Kirchhoff; 1824-1887)ÀÇ °³ÀÎ ¿¬±¸½Ç¿¡¼­ ¿¬±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çã¶ôµÈ µÎ Çлý ÁßÀÇ ÇÑ »ç¶÷À̾ú´Ù. ¿Â³×½º´Â ¹Ú»çÇÐÀ§ ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×·Î´×°ÕÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Ô´Ù. ¿Â³×½º´Â 1882³â ³×µ¨¶õµå ¶óÀ̵§´ëÇÐ(Leyden University)ÀÇ ½ÇÇè ¹°¸® ÀÇÀåÀ¸·Î ¼±âµÈ µÚ, ¶óÀ̵§´ëÇÐÀÌ Àú¿Â¹°¸® ½ÇÇèÀÇ Áß½ÉÁö°¡ µÇµµ·Ï ¸¹Àº ³ë·ÂÀ» Çß´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÏÀº ¸¹Àº ±â¼ú·Â°ú °æ¿µ ´É·ÂÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×´Â °¡´ÉÇÑ Ö°íÀÇ À¯¸®°ø°ú ±â¼úÀÚµéÀ» µ¥·Á ¿Ô´Ù. ¿Â³×½ºÀÇ ½ÇÇè½Ç¿¡¼­ ÀÏÇÏ´Â °Í ÀÚ¼°¡ ¸í¿¹·Î¿î ÀÏÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. Á¶±³µé¿¡°Ô´Â ¼ö´çÀÌ ÁöºÒµÆÁö¸¸ ½ÇÇè½Ç À¯Áö¸¦ À§Çؼ­ ¼ö´çÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ '±âºÎ'Çϵµ·Ï ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿Â³×½º´Â À¯·´ ÀüÁö¿ªÀÇ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀ» ¶óÀ̵§À¸·Î Ê´ëÇÏ¿© ¿¬±¸ ÈÞ°¡¸¦ º¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹æ¹ýÀº ´Ù¸¥ ½ÇÇè½Ç¿¡¼­ ¾î¶² ±â¼¸¦ ¾×È­ÇÒ ¶§ ºñ¹Ð·Î ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú´Â ¸Å¿ì ´ëÁ¶ÀûÀÎ ¸ð½ÀÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ðµç °úÁ¤µéÀº °á±¹ ±×ÀÇ ¿¬±¸³ª ½ÇÇè½ÇÀÇ À§»ó¿¡ ÀÌÀÍÀ» °¡Á®¿Ô´Ù. ½ÇÇèÀåÄ¡°¡ ÁغñµÇ°í ÀÓ°è¿Âµµ(critical temperature, He´Â )¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ·á±îÁö È®º¸ÇÏ°Ô µÇÀÚ, ¿Â³×½º¿Í ±×ÀÇ µ¿·áÀΠȦ½ºÆ®¿Í µµ½º¸¸Àº Çï·ýÀ» ¾×È­ÇÏ´Â µ¥ Âø¼öÇß´Ù. ±× ´ç½ ¶óÀ̵§¿¡¼­ ¿¬±¸ ÁßÀÎ °ÍµéÀº '¶óÀ̵§ ´ëÇÐÀÇ ¹°¸® ¿¬±¸½Ç ¼Ò½ÄÁö(the Communications from the Physical Laboratory of the University of Leiden)'¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ÀâÁöÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀº IBM, Á¦·Ï½º¿Í °°Àº ±â¾÷ ¿¬±¸¼ÒÀÇ ±â¼ú º¸°í¼­¿Í °úÇÐ Àü¹® ÀâÁöÀÇ Áß°£ Á¤µµÀÌ´Ù. °Å±â¿¡´Â Àåºñ°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ¸¸µé¾îÁ³À¸¸ç ½ÇÇèÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ¼öÇàµÇ¾ú´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ±â·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ¾×¼Çï·ýÀÌ ¸Ç³À½ ¸¸µé¾îÁ³À» ¶§ÀÇ »óȲÀÌ ¼Õ¿¡ ÀâÈúµíÀÌ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ±â·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×³¯Àº ¹Ù·Î 1908³â 7¿ù 10ÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù.

17. Encyclopedia: Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Encyclopedia heike Kamerlingh Onnes. heike Kamerlingh Onnes (September 21, 1853 February 21, 1926) was a Dutch physicist. About heike Kamerlingh Onnes http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Heike-Kamerlingh-Onnes

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #44 Belgium is the only country in the world where women dominate the ministry Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: May 28, 2004 Encyclopedia : Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Sponsored links: Heike Kamerlingh Onnes September 21 February 21 ) was a Dutch physicist. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for (in the words of the committee) "his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium". In Onnes was the first physicist who made this liquefaction of helium possible.

18. 20th Century Year By YEar 1913 Physics kamerlinghonnes, heike, the Netherlands, Leyden University b. 1853, d.1926 for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures http://www.multied.com/20th/1913.html

Major Event/ Sports Prizes Major Events of 1913 Balkan War Resume Suffragetts in England Gandhi Arrested in Natal Suffragetts March on Washington ... First Home Electric Refrigerator Sports Highlights US Open Winner: Francis Ouimet Score: 304 Course: CC of Buffalo Location: Buffalo World Series Champions: Philadelphia A's vs. NY Giants Series: 4-1 Nobel Prizes Chemistry WERNER, ALFRED, Switzerland, Zurich University, b. 1866 (in Mulhouse, Alsace, then Germany), d. 1919: "in recognition of his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules by which he has thrown new light on earlier investigations and opened up new fields of research especially in inorganic chemistry" Literature TAGORE, RABINDRANATH, India, b. 1861, d. 1941: "because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with comsummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West" Peace Physiology or Medicine RICHET, CHARLES ROBERT, France, Sorbonne University, Paris, b. 1850, d. 1935: "in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis" Physics KAMERLINGH-ONNES, HEIKE, the Netherlands, Leyden University b. 1853, d. 1926: "for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia to the production of liquid helium"

19. Nobel Prize Winners In Physics lighthouses and buoys . Physics 1913. kamerlinghonnes, heike, the Netherlands,Leyden University * 1853, + 1926 for his investigations http://www.slcc.edu/schools/hum_sci/physics/whatis/nobel.html

Nobel Prize Winners in Physics Physics 1901 R~NTGEN, WILHELM CONRAD, Germany, Munich University,* 1845, + 1923: "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him". Physics 1902 The prize was awarded jointly to: LORENTZ, HENDRIK ANTOON, the Netherlands, Leyden University, * 1853, + 1928; and ZEEMAN, PIETER, the Netherlands, Amsterdam University, * 1865, + 1943: "in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena". Physics 1903 The prize was divided, one half being awarded to: BECQUEREL, ANTOINE HENRI, France, äcole Polytechnique, Paris, * 1852, + 1908: "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity"; the other half jointly to: CURIE, PIERRE, France, äcole municipale de physique et de chimie industrielles, (Municipal School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry), Paris, * 1859, + 1906; and his wife CURIE, MARIE, n»e SKLODOWSKA, France, * 1867 (in Warsaw, Poland), + 1934: "in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel".

20. Heike Kamerlingh heike kamerlinghonnes. (21. zárí 1853 – 21. února 1926). Nobelovu Holandskýfyzik heike kamerlingh-onnes se narodil roku 1853. Studoval http://www.mujweb.cz/www/nobelfyzika/1913.htm

Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes (21. záøí 1853 – 21. února 1926) Nobelovu cenu získal v roce 1913 za výzkum vlastností látek pøi nizkých teplotách a objev výroby kapalného helia. Holandský fyzik Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes se narodil roku 1853. Studoval nejprve na univerzitì v Groningen a pozdìji na univerzitì v Heidelbergu u G. R. Kirchhoffa a R. W. Bunsena. Po obhajobì doktorské práce v roce 1879 se roku 1882 stal profesorem experimentální fyziky na univerzitì v Leidenu. Roku 1894 zde založil kryogenní laboratoø a stal se jejím øeditelem. Celý svùj život se vìnoval práci v oblasti fyziky nízkých teplot. Pøi svých pokusech jako první dosáhl teploty velmi blízké absolutní nule tj. –273,16 C, v roce 1908 se mu pomocí zkapalnìného helia podaøilo dosáhnout teploty –268,9 C. Bìhem pokusù pøi nízkých teplotách objevil H. Kamerlingh-Onnes u vodièù zcela nový, neoèekávaný jev. V roce 1911 zpozoroval – nejprve u rtuti a pak i u dalších kovù, že jejich elektrický odpor pøi urèité teplotì (tzv. bod obratu, který je pro daný kov charakteristický) velmi rychle klesá témìø k nulové hodnotì. Nastává supravodivý stav, pøi kterém elektrický proud prochází bez poklesu napìtí, bez elektromotorické síly, s nezmìnìnou intenzitou. Tento supravodivý stav lze odstranit magnetickým polem bez zmìny teploty, pøièemž znovu zaène platit Ohmùv zákon. Velký význam mìlo také jeho studium mìrného tepla pøi velmi nízkých teplotách. Práce H. Kamerlingh-Onnese znamenaly obrovský pøínos pro rozvoj moderní teorie o vlastnostech látek.

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