1. Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion. Gertrude B. Elion (January 23, 1918 February 21, 1999),was the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1988. http://www.fact-index.com/g/ge/gertrude_b__elion.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion January 23 February 21 ), was the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in External links Autobiography at the Nobel e-Museum A biography by Mary Ellen Avery This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it. This article is from Wikipedia . All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License

2. Gertrude B. Elion - Encyclopedia Article About Gertrude B. Elion. Free Access, N encyclopedia article about Gertrude B. Elion. Gertrude B. Elion in Free onlineEnglish dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. Gertrude B. Elion. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Gertrude B. Elion

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Gertrude B. Elion Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Gertrude B. Elion January 23 January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 342 days remaining, 343 in leap years. Events 1556 - The deadliest earthquake in history kills 830,000 people in Shanxi Province, China. 1570 - The assassination of regent James Stewart, Earl of Moray throws Scotland into civil war. 1571 - The Royal Exchange opens in London. 1579 - The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in the Netherlands. Click the link for more information. Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s - Years: 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 - Events Finnish Civil War between the Reds and the Whites, January - April. Habsburg Empire ceases to exist Grand Duchy of Baden ceases to exist Click the link for more information. February 21 February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 313 days remaining, 314 in leap years. Events 1431 - The trial of Joan of Arc begins.

3. Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion. Gertrude B. Elion (Leden 23, 1918 Únor 21, 1999), byl príjemceNobelova cena ve fyziologii nebo medicíne v 1988. Externí spojení. http://wikipedia.infostar.cz/g/ge/gertrude_b__elion.html

švodn­ str¡nka Tato str¡nka v origin¡le Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion 23. ledna 21. ºnora ), byl př­jemce Nobelova cena ve fyziologii nebo medic­na v VnějÅ¡­ spojen­ Autobiografie u Nobel e-muzeum Biografie Mari­ Ellen Avery Tento čl¡nek je Å¡paček. Vy můžete pomoci Wikipedia t­m, že oprav­ to. Toto je strojov½ překlad čl¡nku z encyklopedie Wikipedia . Cel½ text je dostupn½ za podm­nek GNU FDL licence

4. Klikk - Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion. Av Arve Kjelberg, 14.04.00. Nobelpris Gertrude B. Elion varden første amerikanskfødte kvinne som fikk nobelprisen i medisin, i 1988. http://klikk.ls.no/print_article.cfm?id=878&cat=49

5. Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion. Gertrude B. Elion (January 23, 1918 February 21, 1999),was the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1988. http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/gertrude_b__elion

Match: sort by: relevance date Free Services Subscribe by email RSS newsfeeds PDA-friendly format loc="/images/" A A A Find Jobs In: Healthcare Engineering Accounting College Contract / Freelance Customer Service Diversity Engineering Executive Healthcare Hospitality Human Resources Information Tech International Manufacturing Nonprofit Retail All Jobs by Job Type All Jobs by Industry Relocating? Visit: Moving Resources Moving Companies Mortgage Information Mortgage Calculator Real Estate Lookup Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Outdoor Living Encyclopedia Main Page See live article Gertrude B. Elion Gertrude B. Elion January 23 February 21 ), was the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in External links Autobiography at the Nobel e-Museum A biography by Mary Ellen Avery This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Note: The original source of this article can be found on the main Wikipedia Web site. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License , which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license. About This Site Editorial Staff Contribute News Advertise With Us Science Daily editor@sciencedaily.com

6. Gertrude B. Elion (Infoplease.com) http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0775615.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... D-Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Biography Noteworthy People Deaths ... A - F Gertrude B. Elion Age: pioneer in drug research who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988. She developed drugs for many conditions, including leukemia, malaria, and AIDS. Died: Chapel Hill, N.C., February 21, 1999 John Ehrlichman A - F Carl Elliott Related content from HighBeam Research on: Gertrude B. Elion Two Americans, Briton share medical Nobel. (Gertrude B. Elion, George H. Hitchings, James W. Black) (Science News) Gertrude B. Elion, Nobel Prize Winner and Glaxo Wellcome Scientist Emeritus, 1918-1999. (PR Newswire) ASSOCIATION IS A CATALYST FOR CHANGE (USA Today) Ohio State U. remembers Nobel Laureate (University Wire) Ohio State U. conference showcases research of female scientists (University Wire) NOBEL PRIZES IN PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE (United Press International) WITI taps five women for 'Hall'.(Hall of Fame awards) (Industry Trend or Event)

7. Gertrude B. Elion, January 23, 1918—February 21, 1999 | By Mary Ellen Avery | B BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS, National Academy of Sciences. gertrude B. elion January23, 1918 — February 21, 1999 By Mary Ellen Avery. 1999. gertrude B. elion. http://www.nap.edu/html/biomems/gelion.html

BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS National Academy of Sciences Gertrude B. Elion By Mary Ellen Avery I N THE SPRING OF 1933 Gertrude Elion graduated from high school and that summer she had to select a major subject before she could begin her freshman year at Hunter College. This posed a quandary for the future Nobel Prize recipient, as well as holder of 45 patents, 23 honorary degrees, and a long list of other honors: She had liked all her school subjects, making it difficult to select just one. "I loved to learn everything, everything in sight and I was never satisfied that I knew everything there was to know in each of my courses." Fatefully, that summer her grandfather, whom she loved dearly, died of cancer. "I watched him go over a period of months in a very painful way, and it suddenly occurred to me that what I really needed to do was to become a scientist, and particularly a chemist, so that I would go out there and make a cure for cancer." (All quotations in this memoir are from the author's taped 1997 interview with G. B. Elion). Become a scientist she did, and along the way she synthesized and co-developed two of the first successful drugs for the treatment of leukemia (thioguanine and mercaptopurine), as well as azathioprine (Imuran), an agent to prevent the rejection of kidney transplants and to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Trudy (as she was called by her many friends) also played a major role in the development of allopurinol for the treatment of gout and of acyclovir, the first selective antiviral agent that was effective against herpes virus infections.

8. Super Scientists - Gertrude B. Elion Energy Quest is the California Energy Commission's energy and environmental education site for students, parents and teachers. gertrude B. elion ( 19181999 More information about gertrude B . http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/scientists/elion.html

Gertrude B. Elion Like Rosalyn Yalow , Elion was admitted to Hunter College in New York at an early age. Elion began her classes at the women's college at the age of 15. Four years later, she graduated summa cum laude with a degree in chemistry. She went on to earn a masters degree in chemistry at New York University before going to work for George Hitchings. Elion eventually became a partner with Hitchings doing biochemical research. Their work resulted in the development of a variety of drugs, including the AIDS drug, AZT, a drug to treat acute leukemia and another that made kidney transplants possible between unrelated donors. The world's first medication that could kill a virus, which Elion and Hitchings developed together, is often used to treat herpes. Elion's work earned 45 patents. She shared the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1988 with George Hitchings and James Black. More information about Gertrude B. Elion Bio of Gertrude B. Elion National Institute of Health, Women in Science and Health Network (Wish-net) Gertrude B. Elion, Scientist Hero

9. ThinkQuest : Library : Women In Science gertrude B. elion Perlman. gertrude B. elion lost her closest companion, her grandfather, at the age of fifteen. The loss of her grandfather made her become determined to cancer research. http://library.thinkquest.org/20117/perlman.html

Index Women in Science Students can use this informative web site to study the many womenpast and presentwho are involved in science. Read their biographies and online interviews.Take an electronic field trip to an observatory, a cytogenetic lab, or an earthquake center. Maybe someday someone you know will be listed here. Could it be you? Visit Site 1998 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Languages English Students Nicole Craigmont High School, Memphis, TN, United States Kyle R. Craigmont High School, Memphis, TN, United States Arne Mariengymnasium Jever, Jever, Germany Coaches Lisa Craigmont High School, Memphis, TN, United States Dr. Falko Mariengymnasium Jever, Jever, Germany Martin Mariengymnasium Jever, 26441 Jever, Germany Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site. Privacy Policy

10. Academy Of Achievement: Gertrude B. Elion Profile gertrude B. elion. Nobel Prize in Medicine. Inducted into the Academy in 1989 " I had no specific bent toward science until my grandfather died of stomach cancer. I decided that nobody should suffer http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/eli0pro-1

Gertrude B. Elion Nobel Prize in Medicine Inducted into the Academy in 1989 "I had no specific bent toward science until my grandfather died of stomach cancer. I decided that nobody should suffer that much." Young Gertrude Elion's ambition to find new medicines led her to the study of chemistry, but when she graduated from college, she found it almost impossible to find a job in the field. Most employers at that time would not hire a woman to perform scientific work. Gertrude Elion refused to be deterred. She worked wherever she could, often for little or no money, until at last she found a stable position at Burroughs Wellcome, where she was allowed to fulfill her potential as a scientist. In time, her discoveries were to win her the Nobel Prize for medicine, although she was not a medical doctor and had never received a doctorate in her own field. Drugs she developed or discovered have been successful in treating leukemia and have enabled kidney patients to receive transplants from unrelated donors. She led the team that developed accyclovir, the first successful anti-viral medication. Thousands of people around the world owe their lives to Gertrude Elion's patient determination. Technical Questions Editorial Questions This page last revised on May 01, 1997 16:35 PDT

11. Academy Of Achievement: Gertrude B. Elion Interview gertrude B. elion Nobel Prize in Medicine INTERVIEW March 6, 1991 SanFrancisco, California. Reading about your career, I was struck http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/eli0int-1

Gertrude B. Elion Nobel Prize in Medicine INTERVIEW March 6, 1991 San Francisco, California Reading about your career, I was struck by a sense that you had a clear vision of what you wanted to do at a fairly young age. When did you first know? I didn't really know until I was 15 years old. I liked everything in school. I enjoyed learning things, but... ...I had no specific bent towards science until my grandfather, who died that summer of stomach cancer. video audio And I had been trying to decide what I was going to study in college I was just about to enter college and decided that I really have finally an aim in life. I was going to do something about cancer. Well, that meant I had to take a science, and so it was either chemistry or biology, and I decided on chemistry. So it was really very clear in my mind from then on what I wanted to do. How I was going to get there I wasn't so sure of. Were you very close to that grandfather? I was very close to (my grandfather) because he came over from Europe when I was about three years old, and lived very close to us, and used to take me to the park and tell me stories. And when my brother was born, about two years later, he spent more time with me while my mother was busy with the baby, and so we got to be very close. And also, I watched him die, essentially, in the hospital. And that made a terrific impression on me. I decided that nobody should suffer that much.

12. Science & Technology At Scientific American.com: Gertrude B. Elion -- Glaxo Well Science and Technology at Scientific American.com gertrude B. elion Science and Technology from Scientific American daily science news and technology news, science trivia, science experts, http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=000B5E8B-C6B4-1CE1-8583809EC5880000

13. Gertrude Belle Elion - A Lifeline gertrude Belle elion. A Lifeline. Throughout this page, click on highlighted footnote numbers for links to sites with more information.) In many profound ways, the story of the history of science is http://www.chemheritage.org/EducationalServices/pharm/chemo/readings/lifeline.ht

Gertrude Belle Elion A Lifeline (Throughout this page, click on highlighted footnote numbers for links to sites with more information.) In many profound ways, the story of the history of science is the story of people's lives. The development of chemotherapeutic agents owes much to Gertude Belle Elion. Elion's parents were immigrants to America, and she did not have the access to the traditional educational career leading to the doctoral degree that most highly successful scientists follow. Despite this, Elion had an extraordinary career in the chemical sciences and their applications to human health. Menu Early 1900s Moreover, she began her scientific career in the 1940s, the World War II era. This was a time when women at the cutting-edge of scientific research were quite rare, and this makes Elion's successes all the more remarkable. Her career spanned the decades from the 1940s through the 1980s, and throughout this time Elion witnessed significant strides women took to be included in the scientific enterprise. Her research accomplishments include six different drugs used to combat nine serious medical conditions including leukemia, organ transplants, viral herpes and AIDS. Early 1900s Elion's parents emigrated to United States, her father from Lithuania and her mother from the region of Russia that eventually became Poland. Her father worked his way through dental school at New York University. Her mother was a seamstress.

14. Gertrude B. Elion - Autobiography gertrude B. elion – Autobiography. I was of scientists. From LesPrix Nobel 1988. gertrude B. elion died on February 21, 1999. http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1988/elion-autobio.html

I was born in New York City on a cold January night when the water pipes in our apartment froze and burst. Fortunately, my mother was in the hospital rather than at home at the time. My father emigrated from Lithuania to the United States at the age of 12. He received his higher education in New York City and graduated in 1914 from the New York University School of Dentistry. My mother came at the age of 14 from a part of Russia which, after the war, became Poland; she was only 19 when she was married to my father. My first seven years were spent in a large apartment in Manhattan where my father had his dental office, with our living quarters adjoining it. My brother was born about six years after I was, and shortly thereafter we moved to the Bronx, which was then considered a suburb of New York City. There were still many open lots where children could play and large parks, including the Bronx Zoo, to which I was very much devoted. My brother and I had a happy childhood. We went to a public school within walking distance of our house. Our classrooms were generally quite crowded, but we received a good basic education. I was a child with an insatiable thirst for knowledge and remember enjoying all of my courses almost equally. When it came time at the end of my high school career to choose a major in which to specialize I was in a quandary. One of the deciding factors may have been that my grandfather, whom I loved dearly, died of cancer when I was 15. I was highly motivated to do something that might eventually lead to a cure for this terrible disease. When I entered Hunter College in 1933, I decided to major in science and, in particular, chemistry.

15. Elion, Gertrude Belle (Infoplease.com) http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0767132.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... D-Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Health and Science Inventions and Discoveries The National Inventors Hall of Fame Elion, Gertrude Belle Born: Birthplace: New York City Elion synthesized the leukemia-fighting drug 6-mercaptopurine. Her other developments were drugs used to block organ rejections in kidney transplant patients, for the treatment of gout and to battle herpes virus infections. (1991) Died: Edison, Thomas Alva The National Inventors Hall of Fame Engelbart, Douglas Related content from HighBeam Research on: Elion, Gertrude Belle Elion, Gertrude Belle (biography) (Her Heritage: A Biographical Encyclopedia of Famous American Women) A Pioneer of Drug Development (ScienceNOW) (book review) (School Library Journal) (book review) (Library Journal) OBITUARIES: DEATHS AND FUNERALS (The Atlanta Journal) (book review) (School Library Journal) Gertrude B. Elion, Nobel Prize Winner and Glaxo Wellcome Scientist Emeritus, 1918-1999.

16. Gertrude B. Elion Winner Of The 1988 Nobel Prize In Medicine gertrude B. elion, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. gertrude B. elion. 1988 Nobel Laureate in Medicine Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors. gertrude B. elion page by Ronald J http://www.almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1988b.html

G ERTRUDE B E LION 1988 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment. Background Born: 1918-Feb 21,1999 Place of Birth: New York City, U.S.A. Affiliation: Wellcome Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, NC Book Store Gertrude Elion : Master Chemist (Masters of Invention) by Stephanie St. Pierre (Library Binding - June 1993) Books on the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Featured Internet Links Prize co-recipient: Sir James W. Black Prize co-recipient: George H. Hitchings Official award announcement and background Biography ... PubMedline search results for this laureate Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Nobelist Enters Hall of Fame 3 Share Nobel for Medicine Honoring Drug Discoverers Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Gertrude B. Elion page by Ronald J. Riley (submitted by Ronald J. Riley SCIENCE HERO: GERTRUDE B. ELION (submitted by Davis Brown) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

17. Gertrude B. Elion - Other Resources gertrude B. elion – Other Resources. Links to other sites. The Academy ofAchievement Profile, Biography and Interview with gertrude B. elion. http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1988/elion-or.html

Links to other sites On Gertrude Elion from The Chemical Heritage Foundation Exhibit: Women of Valour - Gertrude Elion from The Jewish Women's Archive The Academy of Achievement - Profile, Biography and Interview with Gertrude B. Elion The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988 Press Release Presentation Speech ... Banquet Speech The 1988 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Economic Sciences Find a Laureate: SITE FEEDBACK CONTACT TELL A FRIEND Last modified February 20, 2004 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

18. Gertrude B Elion, Autobiography gertrude B elion, autobiography This resource provides an autobiographical sketch of gertrude B. elion, winner of the Nobel prize in in Medicine in 1988. Her work demonstrated differences in http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1988/eli

19. Gertrude B. Elion Winner Of The 1988 Nobel Prize In Medicine gertrude B. elion, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, at the NobelPrize Internet Archive. gertrude B. elion. 1988 Nobel Laureate in Medicine http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1988b.html

G ERTRUDE B E LION 1988 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment. Background Born: 1918-Feb 21,1999 Place of Birth: New York City, U.S.A. Affiliation: Wellcome Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, NC Book Store Gertrude Elion : Master Chemist (Masters of Invention) by Stephanie St. Pierre (Library Binding - June 1993) Books on the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Featured Internet Links Prize co-recipient: Sir James W. Black Prize co-recipient: George H. Hitchings Official award announcement and background Biography ... PubMedline search results for this laureate Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Nobelist Enters Hall of Fame 3 Share Nobel for Medicine Honoring Drug Discoverers Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Gertrude B. Elion page by Ronald J. Riley (submitted by Ronald J. Riley SCIENCE HERO: GERTRUDE B. ELION (submitted by Davis Brown) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

20. Awards & Research Funding - American Association For Cancer Research AACRgertrude B. elion Cancer Research Award. The AACR is pleased to announcethe availability of the gertrude B. elion Cancer Research Award. http://www.aacr.org/1604.asp

Advanced Search About us Publications Membership ... 2004 AACR Annual Meeting AACR-Gertrude B. Elion Cancer Research Award The AACR is pleased to announce the availability of the Gertrude B. Elion Cancer Research Award. The purpose of this annual award is to foster meritorious basic, translational, or clinical cancer research by a tenure-track scientist at the level of Assistant Professor. The award recognizes research excellence in cancer etiology, diagnosis, treatment, or prevention. This award honors the late Dr. Gertrude B. Elion, Scientist Emeritus at Glaxo Wellcome Co. (now GlaxoSmithKline). Her seminal research at the company revolutionized cancer therapeutics and her prolific contributions to biomedical science earned her the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1988. The AACR is extremely pleased to sponsor this award in the name of Dr. Elion, a distinguished Past President and Honorary Member of the AACR. 2004 Application Deadline Friday, October 31, 2003

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