1. Georg Von Bekesy Georg von Bekesy. Georg von Bekesy (1899 1972) American physicistand physiologist who received the 1961 Nobel Prize for Physiology http://www.nobel-winners.com/Medicine/georg_von_bekesy.html

Georg von Bekesy Georg von Bekesy American physicist and physiologist who received the 1961 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the physical means by which sound is analyzed and communicated in the cochlea, a portion of the inner ear. As director of the Hungarian Telephone System Research Laboratory (1923-46), Bekesy worked on problems of long-distance communication and became interested in the mechanics of human hearing. At the telephone laboratory, the University of Budapest (1939-46), the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (1946-47), and Harvard University (1947-66) he conducted intensive research that led to the construction of two cochlea models and highly sensitive instruments that made it possible to understand the hearing process, differentiate between certain forms of deafness, and select proper treatment more accurately. Since the mid-19th century, it had been known that the vibratory tissue most important for hearing is the basilar membrane, stretching the length of the snail-shaped cochlea and dividing it into two interior canals. Bekesy found that sound travels along the basilar membrane in a series of waves, and he demonstrated that these waves peak at different places on the membrane: low frequencies toward the end of the cochlea and high frequencies near its entrance, or base. He discovered that the location of the nerve receptors and the number of receptors involved are the most important factors in determining pitch and loudness.

2. Bekesy Georg von Békésy was born in Budapest in 1899 from Alexander, adiplomat, and his wife Paula. Georg von Békésy died in 1972. http://www.vimm.it/cochlea/cochleapages/overview/bekesy/bekesy.htm

was born in Budapest in 1899 from Alexander, a diplomat, and his wife Paula. He received his early education in Munich, Constantinople, Budapest and Zurich. He studied chemistry at the University of Berne (Swiss) and received his Ph.D in Physics from the University of Budapest in 1923. He worked in the research laboratory of the Hungarian Post Office until 1946, where he was mainly concerned with problems of long distance transmission. The eclectic and efficient environment of this laboratory allowed him to spend considerable time in the autopsy rooms of hospitals, to study travelling waves Experiment in Hearing , Mc GrGraw-Hill Inc., 1960.

3. Georg Von Bekesy Georg von Bekesy. Sweden 1984. Warning mysql_fetch_array() suppliedargument is not a valid MySQL result resource in /home/.babar http://www.stamps.journalclub.org/mdstamps.php?personid=191

4. Georg Von Bekesy See Also georg von Békésy's Art Collection. Photo scanned from The georg von Békésy Collection. georg von Békésy ( 1899 1972) georg von Békésy was born in Budapest, Hungary on June 3, 1899. http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bekesy/von_bekesy.html

See Also: Photo scanned from see figure . He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1961 for his discovery and subsequent research arising from it. mechanical model of the inner ear paintings, statues and artifacts Acoustic Research Laboratory at the Technical University of Budapest

5. Bekesy, Georg Von Search Biographies Bio search tips bekesy, georg von Pronunciation Key. bekesy, georg von , 18991972, American biophysicist, b http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0806816

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... D-Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Bekesy, Georg von [g A u E Pronunciation Key Bekesy, Georg von The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Beke, Charles Tilstone Bel Related content from HighBeam Research on: Georg von Bekesy Beyond the hearing aids. (mathematicians reduce the ear to basic equations to find out how we hear) (Forbes) Listing of U.S. Nobel Prize winners (AP Worldstream) (Agence France Presse Spanish) (Agence France Presse Spanish) THE EYE THE EAR And the Brain. Search HighBeam Research for: About Contact Link to Infoplease Privacy Related sites:

6. Georg Von Békésy - Biography georg von Békésy Biography. georg von Békésy was born in Budapest, Hungary, on June 3 1899, the son of Alexander von Békésy, a diplomat, and his wife, Paula. http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1961/bekesy-bio.html

University of Berne . After a short military service he received his Ph.D. in Physics in 1923 from the University of Budapest. Later on he entered the services of the Hungarian Post Office in Budapest where he stayed until 1946. He worked one year at the Central Laboratory of Siemens and Halske A.G. in Berlin, at that time one of the centers in the development of telecommunication. During vacations he spent his free time in different workshops learning how to use a file for many hours without hurting the hands. His work in the research laboratory of the Hungarian Post Offce was concerned mainly with problems of long-distance telephone transmission. The friendly and efficient atmosphere of this laboratory made it possible for him to spend considerable time in the study of the ear as a main component of the transmission system. Soon he became a nuisance to the autopsy rooms of the hospitals and the mechanical workshops of the Post Office. There they did not like to find their drill press full of human-bone dust in the morning. But the wonderful laboratory spirit helped to overcome all difficulties, except those produced by the destructions of World War II. During the years 1939-1946 he was also Professor of Experimental Physics at the University of Budapest. He left Hungary in 1946 for Sweden, where he was a guest of the

7. Georg Von Bekesy Links www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bekesy/von_bekesy. html. bekesy, georg von at http//www.slider.com/enc/6000/bekesy_ georg_von.htm http://elvers.stjoe.udayton.edu/history/people/Bekesy.html

Georg von Bekesy Image Source: http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bekesy/von_bekesy.html Some Georg von Bekesy Links You may need to search for the person using your browser's find function Georg von Bekesy at http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bekesy/von_bekesy.html Bekesy, Georg von at http://www.slider.com/enc/6000/Bekesy_Georg_von.htm http://www.vimm.it/cochlea/cochleapages/overview/bekesy/bekesy.htm at http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1961/bekesy-bio.html at http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1961/bekesy-lecture.html Introduction to cochlear implants at http://www.utdallas.edu/~loizou/cimplants/tutorial/tutorial.htm Search the Web for Georg von Bekesy Google Yahoo Alta Vista Excite ... On-Line Books Page OhioLINK Holdings on Georg von Bekesy These links are available only if you are at an OhioLINK institution Search OhioLINK Central Catalog for books about Georg von Bekesy Search OhioLINK Central Catalog for books by Georg von Bekesy Search Britannica Online Site Links People by birthdate People by name Categories Welcome page

8. Georg Von Bekesy Winner Of The 1961 Nobel Prize In Medicine georg von bekesy, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, at the NobelPrize Internet Archive. georg von bekesy Brief Info (submitted by Jenni). http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1961a.html

G EORG V ON B ÉKÉSY 1961 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea. Background Place of Birth: Budapest, Hungary Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Featured Internet Links Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors (submitted by HipCat Georg Von Bekesy Brief Info (submitted by Jenni) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

9. Georg Von Bekesy Winner Of The 1961 Nobel Prize In Medicine georg von bekesy, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. georg von BÉKÉSY. 1961 Nobel Laureate in Medicine http://www.almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1961a.html

G EORG V ON B ÉKÉSY 1961 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea. Background Place of Birth: Budapest, Hungary Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Featured Internet Links Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors (submitted by HipCat Georg Von Bekesy Brief Info (submitted by Jenni) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

10. Georg Von Bekesy Inner Ear Model Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1961, georg von Békésy (in Nobel Lectures Physiologyor Medicine 1942 1962, Elsevier, 1964, pp. 722-746). Return to Text. http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bekesy/mech_mod.html

Photo reproduced from: Nobel Lectures Physiology or Medicine 1942-1962, Elsevier 1964, p. 744. Return to Text ...After some modification, the final version of the model consists of a plastic tube filled with water, and a membrane 30 cm in length; when it is stimulated with a vibration it shows travelling waves of the same type as those seen in the normal human ear. The usable frequency range is two octaves. I think the happiest period of my research was when I started to repeat all the great experiments that have been done on the ear in the past but now on the model ear with nerve supply. All the small details could be duplicated on the skin. Nothing has been more rewarding than to concentrate on the little discrepancies that I love to investigate and see them slowly disappear. This always give me the feeling of being on the right track, a new track. The simple fact that on the model the whole arm vibrates (as can be seen under stroboscopic illumination), but only a very small section is recognized as vibrating, proves that nervous inhibition must play an important role. Further investigation has shown that every local stimulus applied on the skin produces strong inhibition around the place of stimulation. This seems to be true, not only for the skin, but also for the ear and the retina. Involuntarily, this had led me to begin an investigation of the analogies between the ear and the skin and the eye. Maybe the time is not too far off when these three sense organs ear, skin, and eye so sharply separated in the textbooks of physiology, will have some chapters in common. This would lead toward a simplification of our descriptions of the sense organs.

11. Bekesy, Georg Von. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 2001. bekesy, georg von. (g ´ôrk f nb k´ sh ) (KEY) , 1899–1972, Americanbiophysicist, b. Budapest, Hungary, grad. Univ. of Budapest (Ph.D. 1923). http://www.bartleby.com/65/be/Bekesy-G.html

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13. Scientists: Life Sciences Search for more scientists and other notable figures. Altman, Sidney;Baer, Karl Ernst von; Bartram, William; bekesy, georg von; Berg, Paul; http://www.infoplease.com/spot/scibio4.html

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14. Bekesy, Georg Von bekesy, georg von gA'ôrk fun bek'ishE Pronunciation Key. bekesy, georg von , 18991972, American biophysicist, b. Budapest, Hungary, grad. Univ. of Budapest (Ph.D. http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0806816.html

Encyclopedia Bekesy, Georg von [g A u E Pronunciation Key Bekesy, Georg von The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Beke, Charles Tilstone Bel Print this page Cite this page AD AD AD ADS Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search to your site ... Privacy Brought to you by:

15. Search Results For Georg Von Bekesy - Encyclopædia Britannica Search results include encyclopedia articles from Encyclopedia Britannica Britannica Concise Encyclopedia, definitions from MerriamWebster's Dictionary Thesaurus, videos, web sites, Your http://www.britannica.com/search?query=Georg von Bekesy&ct=&fuzzy=N

16. Georg Von Bekesy And The Place Theory Of Pitch Perception p54. The molder of the modern theory of basilarmembrane resonance is georg von bekesy. In 1928 bekesy was a communications engineer http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound/bekesy.html

von Bekesy and the Place Theory "The molder of the modern theory of basilar-membrane "resonance" is Georg von Bekesy. In 1928 Bekesy was a communications engineer in Budapest, studying the mechanical and electrical adaptation of telephone equipment to the demands of the human hearing mechanism. One day, in the course of a casual conversation, an acquantance asked him whether a major improvement would soon be forthcoming in the quality of telephone systems. The idle remark strarted a chain of thought that eventually posed to Bekesy a more fundamental question: "How much better is the quality of the human ear than that of any telephone system?" His search for the answer has added volumes to our present-day knowledge of hearing." "Bekesy studied the inner ear by building mechanical models of the cochlea- e.g., a metal tube filled with water. Along the length of the tube ran a narrow slot covered by a stretched membrane, which served as the basilar membrane of the model. When the fluid was set in motion, he observed, it caused a bulge which swept like an undulating wave along the membrane. By adjusting the tension of the membrane along the slot he was able to confine the biggest part of the bulge to a particular region on the membrane. The undulation traveled down the length of the membane, but its amplitude - the bigness of the bulge- varied with position: the bulge was slight everywhere except in one area where it was large." "He also detected the same wave movement in the cochlea itself. Using first animal ears and then the ears of human cadavers, he carefully cut out the cochlea and bored a tiny opening in the bone. Working under a microscope with "microtools" of his own invention (one pair of scissors had blades only a few thousandths of an inch long), he laid open part of the basilar membrane. The cochlear fluid was drained and replaced with a salt solution containing a suspension of powdered aluminum and coal. By scattering flashes of intense light off the powder suspension, Bekesy was able to follow events within the interior of the cochles. Under the microscope he saw a bulging undulation sweep over the basilar membrane when a sound was introduced into the cochlea. It was the same traveling wave he had seen coursing along the artificial membrane of his model."

17. Medicine-Worldwide: Békésy, Georg Von Translate this page Kapitelübersicht georg von Békésy. georg von Békésy. georg von Békésy wurdeals Sohn des Diplomaten Alexander von Békésy und seiner Frau Paula geboren. http://www.m-ww.de/persoenlichkeiten/bekesy.html

Sie befinden sich hier: startseite persoenlichkeiten Medizingeschichte H istorisches zur Harnschau M eilensteine der Medizingeschichte ... Über uns Biographie Kapitelübersicht: Augenarzt, Internist, Psychiater, Psychologe * 3. Juni 1899 in Budapest Er beschäftigte sich insbesondere mit Problemen der Reizmechanismen im Ohr und schuf eine Hörtheorie, die im Gegensatz zur Helmholz´schen Resonanzhypothese steht. Mit ausgeklügelten Experimenten und Modellen erklärte er den Hörvorgang des menschlichen Ohres. Seine Modelle der menschlichen Schnecke stellen einen grundlegenden Beitrag zur Sinnesphysiologie und Ohrenheilkunde dar. Dabei beschrieb er unter anderem die Reizverteilung in der Schnecke des Innenohres (Cochlea, "Gehörgangsschnecke"), die zum Erkennen der verschiedenen Tonhöhen und Lautstärken durch das Gehirn beiträgt; die von ihm daraus abgeleitete "Wirbeltheorie" trägt seinen Namen. 1961 erhielt von Békésy den Nobelpreis für Medizin und Physiologie "für seine Entdeckung im physikalischen Mechanismus der Erregungen in der Schnecke des Ohres". Georg von Békésy veröffentlichte die grundlegenden Werke "Experiments in hearing" (1960) und "Sensory inhibition" (1967).

18. Medicine-Worldwide: Békésy, Georg Von Translate this page Biographie. georg von Békésy. georg von Békésy. georg von Békésy wurde alsSohn des Diplomaten Alexander von Békésy und seiner Frau Paula geboren. http://www.m-ww.de/persoenlichkeiten/bekesy.html?PRINTABLE=1&

19. Biografia De Bekesy, Georg Von Translate this page bekesy, georg von. (Budapest, 1899-Honolulú, 1972) Físico estadounidensede origen húngaro. Estudió ingeniería en su país y http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/b/bekesy.htm

Inicio Buscador Utilidades Recomendar sitio Enlaces Bekesy, Georg von (Budapest, 1899-Honolulú, 1972) Físico estadounidense de origen húngaro. Estudió ingeniería en su país y posteriormente se trasladó a EE UU (1947), donde realizó investigaciones sobre la fisiología del oído, en especial sobre los mecanismos neurológicos de la percepción auditiva. Recibió el premio Nobel de medicina y fisiología en 1961. Inicio Buscador Recomendar sitio

20. Índice Alfabético - B Translate this page Leon Bismark, llamado Bix Beira, María Teresa de Braganza, princesa de Béjart,Maurice Jean Berger, llamado Maurice bekesy, georg von Bekker, Balthasar Bel http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/b/index0011.htm

Inicio Buscador Utilidades Recomendar sitio Enlaces B Beckmann, Max Beckx, Jean Pierre Becquerel, Antoine-Henri Beda El Venerable, San ... Bellman, Carl Michael Inicio Buscador Recomendar sitio

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