41. Great Russian Women Mathematicians Home. Great russian Women. More Great russian women mathematicians. Petersburg branch of the Steklov Mathematical Institute of the russian Academy of Science. http://great.russian-women.net/russian-women_math.shtml

Home Great Russian Women More Great Russian women Mathematicians Sof'ja Aleksandrovna Janovskaja January 21, 1896 - October 24, 1966 Professor of Mathematics at Moscow State University. Received the prized Order of Lenin in 1951. In 1959 she became the first chairperson of the newly created department of mathematical logic at Moscow State University. Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya March 7, 1922 - Received her Ph.D. at the Leningrad State University in 1949 and her Doctorate in the Mathematics-Physical Sciences in 1953 at Moscow State University. Worked in the general areas of linear, quasilinear, and nonlinear partial (and some ordinary) differential equations of elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic types, with some theoretical applications to Navier-Stokes flow. Professor of Mathematics at the Physics Department at St. Petersburg University and Head of the Laboratory of Mathematical Physics at the St. Petersburg branch of the Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science. Elizaveta Fedorovna Litvinova Studied mathematics on her own in Russia. In 1872 went to Zurich to study at the Polytechnic Institute, receiving her baccalaureate in 1876, and her doctoral degree in 1878 from Bern University (despite a Russian decree in 1873 that all Russian women studying in Zurich had to return to Russia by the end of 1873.) Returned to Russia but was prevented from obtaining a teaching position. Finally accepted a post as a teacher in the lower classes of a women's academy. Published over 70 articles on the philosophy and practice of teaching mathematics. Respected as one of the foremost pedagogues in Russia.

42. Boston.com / News / Boston Globe / Health / Science / Century-old Math Problem M BERKELEY, Calif. A reclusive russian mathematician appears to have answered a question that has stumped mathematicians for more than a century. http://www.boston.com/news/globe/health_science/articles/2003/12/30/century_old_

Today's Globe Politics Opinion Education ... Health / Science Century-old math problem may have been solved By Jascha Hoffman, Globe Correspondent, 12/30/2003 BERKELEY, Calif. A reclusive Russian mathematician appears to have answered a question that has stumped mathematicians for more than a century. ADVERTISEMENT After a decade of isolation in St. Petersburg, over the last year Grigory Perelman posted a few papers to an online archive. Although he has no known plans to publish them, his work has sent shock waves through what is usually a quiet field. At two conferences held during the last two weeks in California, a range of specialists scrutinized Perelman's work, trying to grasp all the details and look for potential flaws. If Perelman really has proved the so-called Poincare Conjecture, as many believe he has, he will become known as one of the great mathematicians of the 21st century and will be first in line for a $1 million prize offered by the Clay Mathematics Institute in Cambridge. Colleagues say Perelman, who did not attend the California conferences and did not respond to a request for comment, couldn't care less about the money, and doesn't want the attention. Known for his single-minded devotion to research, he seldom appears in public; he answers e-mails from mathematicians, but no one else.

43. Frankfurt Book Fair - ESTANDS http//www.wkap.nl UNIVERSITETSKAYA SERIYA (highlevel mathematical text-books).The authors of this series are famous russian and foreign mathematicians. http://e.frankfurt-book-fair.com/30000_estands_online_default.asp?folder=scibook

44. Women In Mathematics - Top 10 Early Female Mathematicians 8) Sofia Kovalevskaya. (18501891) - russian - mathematician - She escaped her parents opposition to her advanced study by a marriage of convenience, moving http://womenshistory.about.com/cs/sciencemath1/tp/aatpmathwomen.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History Women's History Air, Space, Science, Math ... Today in Women's History zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); About Women: Biographies African American Air, Space, Science, Math Art, Music. Writing. Media ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Women's History newsletter. Search Women's History Email to a friend Print this page Stay Current Subscribe to the About Women's History newsletter. Suggested Reading Women in Mathematics Related Guide Picks Biographies of Women Most Popular Quotations by Notable Women: Index Women's History Picture Gallery Biographies of Notable Women Coco Chanel - Biography and Links ... About Isabella I of Spain What's Hot Margaret Mead The Women of September 11 - World Trade Center - Pentagon - ... Lady Jane Grey About Doris Kearns Goodwin ... About Ekaterina Gordeeva Guide Picks From Jone Johnson Lewis Your Guide to Women's History Sign up for my Newsletter Mathematics as a field of science or philosophy was largely closed to women before the twentieth century. However, from ancient times through the nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century, a few women have achieved notably in mathematics. Here are ten women of note in early math their life stories and their achievements documented on this site. Hypatia of Alexandria (355 or 370 - 415) - Greek - philosopher, astronomer, mathematician - She was the salaried head of the Neoplatonic School in Alexandria, Egypt, from the year 400. Her students were pagan and Christian young men from around the empire. She was killed by a mob of Christians in 415, probably inflamed by the bishop of Alexandria, Cyril.

45. The Baltic Times Forum- NEWS FROM ESTONIA,LATVIA AND LITHUANIA Do you now finally understand? Dear Uno Hu, Russia gave to the world a large number of brilliant mathematicians who used russian terms only. http://www.baltictimes.com/forum/viewtopic.php?id=359&page=2

46. Bugaev 1891. He led a campaign for russian authors to write in russian and this led to the developing of russian mathematical terminology. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Bugaev.html

47. Sonya Kovalevsky Regarded as one of world s best mathematicians in her time. First woman member of russian Academy of Sciences. First modern European http://scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/Math/Kovalevsky.html

Sonya Kovalevsky (also Sophia Kovalevskia) born: January 15, 1850 in Moscow, Russia died: February 10, 1891 in Stockholm, Sweden "Many who have never had occasion to learn what mathematics is confuse it with arithmetic, and consider it a dry and arid science. In reality, however, it is the science which demands the utmost imagination [which is more than just making things up] ..... It seems to me that the poet must see what others do not see, must look deeper than others look. And the mathematician must do the same thing. As for myself, all my life I have been unable to decide for which I had the greater inclination, mathematics or literature." Regarded as one of world's best mathematicians in her time. First woman member of Russian Academy of Sciences. First modern European woman to attain full professorship. Established first significant result in general theory of partial differential equations. Prix Bordin winner. Editor of prominent mathematics journal. Gifted writer. Sonya (Korin-Kurkovskaya) Kovalevsky grew up a member of Russia's privileged social class. Her father was a military officer and a land holder; her mother, the granddaughter of a famous Russian astronomer, was an accomplished musician. The family lived comfortably on a country estate, where Sonya, her sister and brother were brought up by a nanny until their education was taken over by governesses and private tutors. If Heidelberg was difficult for women, then Berlin was impossible. Women were, without exception, barred from even unofficial or occasional attendance at lectures. Legend has it that, hoping to discourage her, Weierstrass challenged her with a set of problems he had prepared for his more advanced students. She solved them rapidly, and her solutions were clear and original. When Weierstrass ascertained that Sonya's "personality was [strong enough] to offer the necessary guarantees," he agreed to teach her privately. He soon came to regard her as the most brilliant and promising of all his students and shared with her not only all his university lectures but also his ideas and unpublished work.

48. Professors Train High School Teachers To Express Mathematical Concepts The book exemplifies a russian tradition of research mathematicians writing material to assist teachers of mathematics at the precollegiate level. http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/990218/math.shtml

February 18, 1999 Vol. 18 No. 10 current issue archive / search contact Professors train high school teachers to express mathematical concepts By William Harms News Office A classic mathematics book by a Russian mathematician and mathematics texts from Singapore are providing the foundation for weekly training sessions intended to help nearly 40 Chicago public high school teachers enhance their math instruction skills. The yearlong program, taught in separate seminars by Robert Fefferman, the Louis Block Professor and Chairman of Mathematics, and Robert Zimmer, Senior Associate Provost and the Max Mason Distinguished Service Professor in Mathematics, began in October 1998 and is part of a three-year project to provide additional training in mathematics for Chicago public school teachers. Each seminar also has an experienced instructor: Lydia Polonsky, teacher at the University Laboratory School, and Susan Eddins, a founding teacher of the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy. The schools and participants in the seminars were selected by two officials of the Chicago Public School Administration, Telkia Rutherford and Clifton Burgess, in cooperation with Paul Vallas, chief executive officer of Chicago Public Schools. The Singapore materials, like many texts from East Asia, are small volumes of problems that students attempt to solve in class and at home. Asian teachers often encourage students to work together on a limited number of problems during the class sessions to develop skills for solving mathematical problems through discussion and teamwork.

49. OUP: Mathematical Circles (Russian Experience): Fomin This is a sample of rich russian mathematical culture written by professional mathematicians with great experience in working with high school students .. http://www.oup.co.uk/isbn/0-8218-0430-8

VIEW BASKET Quick Links About OUP Career Opportunities Contacts Need help? oup.com Search the Catalogue Site Index American National Biography Booksellers' Information Service Children's Fiction and Poetry Children's Reference Dictionaries Dictionary of National Biography Digital Reference English Language Teaching Higher Education Textbooks Humanities International Education Unit Journals Law Medicine Music Oxford English Dictionary Reference Rights and Permissions Science School Books Social Sciences World's Classics UK and Europe Book Catalogue Help with online ordering How to order Postage Returns policy ... Table of contents Mathematical Circles (Russian Experience) Dmitry Fomin Sergey Genkin , and Ilia Itenberg Publication date: 9 January 1997 American Mathematical Society 278 pages, Series: Mathematical World Search for titles in the same series Ordering Individual customers order by phone, post, or fax Teachers in UK and European schools (and FE colleges in the UK): order by phone, post, or fax Description "This is a sample of rich Russian mathematical culture written by professional mathematicians with great experience in working with high school students..... Problems are on very simple levels, but building to more complex and advanced work... [contains] solutions to almost all problems; methodological notes for the rteacher... developed for a peculiarly Russian institution (the mathematical circle), but easily adapted to American teachers' needs, both inside and outside the classroom." - from the Translator's notes.

50. The Russian-Belarusian Dictionary Of Mathematical, Physical And the scientists and postgraduate students (mathematicians, physicists, engineers) for finding the Belarusian equivalents of the appropriate russian terms with http://www.ac.by/publications/whats/fmtslounik.html

51. Jobs.NET - Russian Federation Mathematicians Job Search Results Job Search mathematicians in russian Federation. One You Are Here Job Search. mathematicians in russian Federation Job Search. There http://www.jobs.net/cgi/jsearch2?p_location=RU&searchstring=mathematicians

52. Kalinkin Publications 1, p. 160161.) poisson_english.ps; Researchs of Soviet mathematicians on the basic foundation of statistical physics in the 30-40th. (In russian.); Problem of http://www2.bmstu.ru/facult/fn/kalin/data_english.htm

Main research subjects Exact solutions of the linear Kolmogorov’s equations for Markov’s processes with the denumerable states We are studying the Kolmogorov’s first and second (linear) systems of differential equations for a special classes of Markov’s processes: the branching processes, the branching processes with interaction of particles. Applications in physics: the models of nuclear chain reactions. Applications in chemistry: the bimolecular reaction. Applications in biology: the epidemic process. Markov’s process with interaction of particles is, be definition, the system of the interacting particles of nonequilibrium statistical physics. We get some exact solutions of Kolmogorov’s equations for the transition probabilities. We use generating functions and higher transcendental functions. Kolmogorov’s third equation for Markov’s processes We have a nonlinear differential equation for the transition probabilities of the theory branching processes with independent of particles for the linear birth and death process. We got exact closed solution of the linear Kolmogorov’s equations for the quadratic death process. The closed solution of the second order partial differential equation of the parabolic type uses Legendre polynomials. We got third (nonlinear) equation of the quadratic death process and of the quadratic birth process. The problems of an exact solutions of the linear Kolmogorov’s equations and nonlinear equations are considered, at first, for quadratic, cubic, quartic and some degree birth and death processes.

53. Links Quotes by famous mathematicians. ICM98 Berlin (here are proceedings of the congress). russian mathematical journals (Math. Notes, Sbornik, russian Math. http://users.math.uni-potsdam.de/~savin/links.html

Links to Mathematical world Organizations and services EMIS or mirror in Moscow (European Mathematical Society information service) IMU Server (International Mathematical Union RFBR (Russian Foundation for Basic Research) Math Reviews Author lookup Zentralblatt fur Mathematik Universities and Mathematical Centers Berkeley, Department of Mathematics Chicago, Department of Mathematics CIRM France Marseille Clay Mathematical Institute Erwin Schrodinger Institut Fields institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences IHES centre de mathematique et de physique theorique ... Isaac Newton Institute Cambridge Mathematical Sciences Research Institute Max Plank Institute fur Mathematik (Bonn) MIT Department of Mathematics Moscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education and the Independent University of Moscow Munster, Fachbereich Mathematik Oberwolfach Forschungsinstitut Oregon University Potsdam University , Institut fur Mathematik Princeton SUNY at Stony Brook, Department of Mathematics Trieste, ICTP Italy People of mathematics on WWW (home pages) Bernd Ammann (the page has many links to home pages) Bismut Jean-Michel Branson Thomas Brodzki Jacek Bunke Ulrich ... Colin de Verdier Yves (preprints site at Institute Fourier) Connes Alain and official homepage Dai Xianzhe Getzler Ezra Gilkey Peter B.

54. Russian Scientist To Join Purdue Research Efforts Taking advantage of the traditional interest of russian pure mathematicians in applied problems, KeilisBorok established the Institute for Earthquake http://www.math.purdue.edu/about/newsletter/fall96/russian-scientist.html

Russian Scientist to Join Purdue Research Efforts Professor Keilis-Borok is a member of numerous academies, including the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1969), the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (1971), the Russian Academy of Sciences (1988), the Royal Astronomical Society (1989), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (1992), the Pontifical Academy of Sciences (1995 and member of the Council since 1996). Other honors include a Doctor Honoris Causa from the University of Paris in 1995. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences simultaneously with Solzhenitsyn, Sakharov, and Kantorovich (a Nobel Prize winner in economics). Keilis-Borok has been a leading figure in international scientific cooperation, serving as president and chair to several international organizations of which he is a member. His cooperative involvement with the U.S. has included efforts to enhance the capability of detecting nuclear explosions (he boldly ignored contentious political disputes). He also participated in scientific efforts with Israeli scientists, which continued in spite of the Six Day War and the subsequent freeze in relations between Israel and the USSR. Keilis-Borok was a leader of the group that introduced into the study of seismicity new theoretically-based nonlinear dynamics, with its concepts of chaos and self-organization, and a new culture of data analysis (pattern recognition of infrequent events). This is among the few branches of artificial intelligence which outperform humans in the study of processes of high complexity. Famous Russian mathematician I. Gelfand, together with distinguished American geophysicists F. Press and L. Knopoff, participated in the application of these techniques to the analysis of seismicity. KeilisBorok established a new school of earthquake prediction researchÑseveral prediction algorithms are currently being tested.

55. Interactive Mathematics Miscellany And Puzzles of mathematics education is an aspect of russian culture from which we have much to learn. It is still very rare to find research mathematicians in America http://www.cut-the-knot.org/books/circles/forward.shtml

CTK Exchange Front Page Movie shortcuts Personal info ... Recommend this site Mathematical Circles (Russian Experience) Dmitri Fomin, Sergey Genkin, Ilia Itenberg Foreword This is not a textbook. It is not a contest booklet. It is not a set of lessons for classroom instruction. It does not give a series of projects for students, nor does it offer a development of parts of mathematics for self-instruction. So what kind of book is this? It is a book produced by a remarkable cultural circumstance, which fostered the creation of groups of students, teachers, and mathematicians, called mathematical circles, in the former Soviet Union. It is predicated on the idea that studying mathematics can generate the same enthusiasm as playing a team sport, without necessarily being competitive. Thus it is more like a book of mathematical recreations-except that it is more serious. Written by research mathematicians holding university appointments, it is the result of these same mathematicians' years of experience with groups of high school students. The sequences of problems are structured so that virtually any student can tackle the first few examples. Yet the same principles of problem solving developed in the early stages make possible the solution of extremely challenging problems later on. In between, there are problems for every level of interest or ability. The mathematical circles of the former Soviet Union, and particularly of Leningrad (now St. Petersburg, where these problems were developed) are quite different from most math clubs in the United States. Typically, they were run not by teachers, but by graduate students or faculty members at a university, who considered it part of their professional duty to show younger students the joys of mathematics. Students often met far into the night, and went on weekend trips or summer retreats together, achieving a closeness and mutual support usually reserved in our country for members of athletic teams.

56. Interactive Mathematics Miscellany And Puzzles This is a sample of rich russian mathematical culture written by professional mathematicians with great experience in working with high school students http://www.cut-the-knot.org/books/circles/back.shtml

CTK Exchange Front Page Movie shortcuts Personal info ... Recommend this site Mathematical Circles (Russian Experience) Dmitri Fomin, Sergey Genkin, Ilia Itenberg This is a sample of rich Russian mathematical culture written by professional mathematicians with great experience in working with high school students... Problems are on very simple /e e/s, but building to more complex and advanced work... [contains] solutions to almost problems, methodological notes for the teacher ... developed for a peculiarly Russian institution (the mathematical circle), but easily adapted to American teachers' needs, both inside an outside the classroom. -from the Translator’s note What kind of book is this? It is a book produced by a remarkable cultural circumstance in the former Soviet Union which fostered the creation of groups of students, teachers, and mathematicians called "mathematical circles". The work is predicated on the idea that studying mathematics can generate the same enthusiasm as playing a team sport without necessarily being competitive. This book is intended for both students and teachers who love mathematics and want to study its various branches beyond the limit of school curriculum. It is also a book of mathematical recreations and, at the same time, a book containing vast theoretical and problem material in main areas of what authors consider to be "extracurricular mathematics". The book is based on a unique experience gained by several generations of Russian educators and scholars.

57. Russian Mathematical Surveys, Author Index: G Gaifullin AA Nerves of Coxeter groups russian Mathematical Surveys, 2003, 58(3), 615. Gelfand IM, see Dynkin EB russian Mathematical Surveys, 2001, 56(1), 141. http://www.turpion.ru/php/aindex.phtml?jrnid=rm&letter=g

58. Russian Mathematical Surveys, Author Index: 2003 Ageev ON On the genericity of some nonasymptotic dynamical properties russian Mathematical Surveys, 2003, 58(1), 173. Ageev ON Errata http://www.turpion.ru/php/aindex.phtml?jrnid=rm&yearT=2003

59. Russian Book Project russian Book Translation Project Results. With related background information on russian/U.S. mind control technology. CAHRA Home Page " Psychotronic War and the Security of Russia" by V.N Lopatin and V.D. Tsygankov. Moscow, 1999 davis.ca.us. The russian Translation Project is continuing http://www.raven1.net/cwrussia.htm

Cahra Russian Book Translation Project Results With related background information on Russian/U.S. mind control technology CAHRA Home Page "Psychotronic War and the Security of Russia" by V.N Lopatin and V.D. Tsygankov Moscow, 1999 by Cheryl Welsh, Director Citizens Against Human Rights Abuse, Cahra September 2001 This is a web version. A hard copy is available at cost for xeroxing and postage. 340 pages, approximately 40$. For further information contact Cheryl Welsh, Cahra, 915 Zaragoza St. Davis, CA 95616 welsh@dcn.davis.ca.us The Russian Translation Project is continuing. Donations are very much appreciated. Donations are tax deductible and apply to costs only. Clerical work and report compilations are on a volunteer basis only. Quick Links Overview Summary TOC Section 1 Lopatin translation 20+ russian articles section 1998 ZDF tv program Section 2 FOIA, H Girard Possony section BBC 1984 Opening Pandora's book documentary 200 Video Public Exposure on cell phones Section 3 Conclusion Overview 1. 1 page overview plus 12 page summary

60. Russian Mathematician Announces Proof Of Celebrated Poincaré Conjecture russian mathematician announces proof of celebrated Poincaré Conjecture. By Alex Lefebvre 3 June 2003. http://www.wsws.org/articles/2003/jun2003/math-j03.shtml

Enter email address to receive news about the WSWS Add Remove SEARCH WSWS English German ON THE WSWS Donate to the WSWS Expansion Fund! Editorial Board ... Books Online OTHER LANGUAGES German French Italian Russian ... Indonesian LEAFLETS Download in PDF format HIGHLIGHTS Support the Socialist Equality Party in the 2004 US elections ... WSWS By Alex Lefebvre 3 June 2003 Use this version to print Send this link by email Email the author [In considering the following explanation, we advise readers to either locate actual ball and doughnut shapes to look at, or to use pencil and paper to draw them. This makes visualizing and grasping the content of this article easier.] The previous two examples give rise to a very important idea of equivalence. If one had a (very stretchy and malleable) beach ball and a lot of air, one could imagine inflating it, stretching it and pulling it so that it actually took on the shape of the surface of the earth. Mathematicians express this by saying that the surface of a beach ball and that of the earth are topologically equivalent Explaining precisely what a 3-dimensional sphere is to a lay audience presents some difficulties, as it is harder to visualize. Technically, one reasons by analogy. The fact that one traces out a 1-dimensional sphere (the edge of a circle) with a compass on a 2-dimensional plane indicates that a 1-dimensional sphere consists of the points in 2-dimensional space a fixed distance away from given point (the needle point of the compass). Similarly, the 2-dimensional sphere (the surface of a solid ball) consists of the points a fixed distance away from a given point in 3-dimensional space. So, the 3-dimensional sphere consists of the points a fixed distance away from a given point in 4-dimensional space.

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