61. MOVES Online Learning, Hamming: Learning To Learn, History Of Computers - Softwa Presentation history of computers Software. Date 4 April 1995. In the early days of computing the control part was all done by hand. http://online.cs.nps.navy.mil/DistanceEducation/NpsContent/Courses/HammingLearni

Contents Prior Session Current Session Next Session ... Help Hamming: Learning to Learn paper Presenter: Richard W. Hamming Naval Postgraduate School Presentation: History of Computers - Software Date: 4 April 1995 MOVES Online Learning: Courses E-mail production comments . Powerpoint slides missing. .pdf slides missing.

62. MOVES Online Learning, Hamming: Learning To Learn, History Of Computers - Hardwa Hamming Learning to Learn, paper. Presenter Richard W. Hamming Naval Postgraduate School. Presentation history of computers Hardware. Date 31 March 1995. http://online.cs.nps.navy.mil/DistanceEducation/NpsContent/Courses/HammingLearni

Contents Prior Session Current Session Next Session ... Help Hamming: Learning to Learn paper Presenter: Richard W. Hamming Naval Postgraduate School Presentation: History of Computers - Hardware Date: 31 March 1995 MOVES Online Learning: Courses E-mail production comments . Powerpoint slides missing. .pdf slides missing.

63. Search Results history of computers. Featured Stores. All stores. The First ComputersHistory and Architectures Compare. The First ComputersHistory and Architectures. http://eshop.msn.com/fts/ftsresults.aspx?pcid=12163

64. The History Of Computers The History of the Computer By Daniel Rytterlund. Charles Babbage (younger days). pasclin1_thum.gif (7905 bytes). pasclin2_thum.gif (7690 bytes). http://www.elanguest.com/reporter/computer.html

65. The Secret Guide To Computers - History Of Computers home » read » history of computers, During the 1950’s, 1960’s, and 1970’s, most computers used punched cards — whose history is weird. http://www.secretguide.net/read/index.php?filename=history_of_computers

66. THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING and meetings. Courses. Overviews of the history of Computing. People and Pioneers Online emulators of computers and computing systems. Miscellaneous. Women in (the) Computing history http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history

"Who controls the past commands the future. Who commands the future conquers the past." George Orwell This collection of materials relating to the history of computing is provided courtesy of the Department of Computer Science at Virginia Tech , and is sponsored in part by a grant from the National Science Foundation CDA-9312611 This site has been chosen by " Edu-Activ ", an educational resource site based in Germany. For other awards click here The Computer Museum is moving into its new home, a 120,000 square foot facility in the heart of Silicon Valley The Computer History Museum's new home is a two-story, 119,000 square foot architecturally distinctive structure, designed and developed in 1994. It is located on 7.5 acres of land in the heart of Silicon Valley at the intersection of highways 101 and 85. This highly visible location is convenient to both San Francisco and San Jose. The First Conference on History of Nordic Computing: HiNC 1 Organized by IFIP Working Group 9.7 In cooperation with IFIP TC3 will be held: June 16 - 18, 2003

67. Chronology Of Personal Computers Chronology of Personal computers timeline of events tracing the history of personal computers, from the late 1960s to date Chronology of. Personal computers. Copyright © 19952004 Ken Polsson tried to keep it open-minded and unbiased, but the annoying fact is that "the winners write the history books http://www.islandnet.com/~kpolsson/comphist

Chronology of Personal Computers internet e-mail: kpolsson@islandnet.com to this site, not to copy these pages to other web sites. URL: http://www.islandnet.com/~kpolsson/comphist/ This document is an attempt to bring various published sources together to present a timeline about Personal Computers. This web document is a sneak peek at a book project of mine. Since 1994, I have browsed over 1000 sources for date information related to personal computers. This brief summary includes many of the essential happenings that shaped the industry. The full text contains close to 3000 entries. I have tried to keep it open-minded and unbiased, but the annoying fact is that "the winners write the history books". References are numbered in [brackets], which can be found at the end of this document. A number after the dot gives the page in the source. Last updated: 2004 January 16. 1977-end December 23 Three scientists at Bell Telephone Laboratories, William Shockley, Walter Brattain, and John Bardeen demonstrate their new invention of the point-contact transistor amplifier. The name transistor is short for "transfer resistance". ( Miniaturization of electronic circuits via the transistor is a key development making personal desktop computers small, reliable, and affordable.

68. The Machine That Changed The World 1,2,3 Mitch Kapor Microsoft - Bill Gates (an early history by John article by Christopher R. Murphy (CS 3604, Spring 1997) Chained computers New Projections http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/TMTCTW.html

This site was chosen for a Look Smart Award in January 1997 Index Great Brains Inventing the Future The Paperback Computer The Thinking Machine ... The World At Your Fingertips A post-viewing Scavenger Hunt The following "slides" outline the major topics of presentation in each of the episodes of the video series The Machine That Changed the World which was produced by WGBH Television in Boston MA, in cooperation with the British Broadcasting Corp., with support from ACM NSF and UNISYS There is a book which accompanied the series that you may want to reference: Palfreman, Jon, and Doron Swade. The Dream Machine: Exploring the Computer Age , BBC Books, London, 1991, 208 pp. For more links to the history of computing pages click here We would appreciate receiving suggestions for additional links from this page to other pages that amplify the topics covered in this video series, or provide "side-bar" information on topics that were, of necessity, omitted from the show. Please send me e-mail . We also encourage teachers to give homework assignments that would result in the development of web pages that could be added to this site. This is particularly important for the last two episodes!. Remember that this video series were originally broadcast in 1991 and in the intervening years many things have happened in the computer business the World Wide Web for one! So if there are things we need to bring up-to-date, perhaps we can do it through the medium of this Web page rather than attempting to redo the original video.

69. Computers computers This World Wide Web (WWW) site, maintained by a faculty member from the University of Zurich, is the a lecture about the history of computing. The pages in the site have text and http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.eingang.org/Lecture/&y=023419ADC

70. History Of Computing Science: Computer History From The Past history of computing from the past to the present. This offers the student or casual browser an overview of the advances in science that made desktop computers http://lecture.eingang.org/

Contents Next Introduction Welcome to Calypso's Lecture Series for CS-100. The first (and only) lecture in the series is about the history of computing from the past to the present. This offers the student or casual browser an overview of the advances in science that made desktop computers possible starting with the invention of counting. This lecture was originally given in the fall of 1994 at the University of Regina (Regina, Canada) for 400 CS-100 students. CS-100 is an introductory course designed primarily for students from other disciplines. It was not intended for the computing science major student. As such, this material was geared to appeal to those students. Michelle A. Hoyle Future additions to the lecture include a section discussing the impact of business microcomputers and mainframes to the history of computing. Teachers , this lecture is available to be used on a standalone machine in a classroom. Drop me some mail if you would like a copy for use in a classroom, museum, or kiosk. Navigation Go back to the previous slide/page in the lecture. Access key: p

71. Triumph Of The Nerds: A History Of The Computer A history OF THE COMPUTER computers have their beginnings back in prehistory, starting with the abacus. Have a look! Abacus - c. 3000 BC, Transistors - 1947, http://www.pbs.org/nerds/timeline/

A HISTORY OF THE COMPUTER Computers have their beginnings back in pre-history, starting with the abacus. Have a look! Abacus - c. 3000 B.C. Transistors - 1947 Doug Engelbart - 1968 Apple II - 1977 ... PBS Online

72. Introducing The Computers, Videogames And Arcade Collector's Ring Top/computers/history http://www.chez.com/samurai/RING/ring.htm

73. 3 A Brief History Of Computer Technology A complete history of computing would include a multitude of diverse devices such as the ancient Chinese abacus, the Jacquard loom (1805 digital computers. http://csep1.phy.ornl.gov/ov/node8.html

Next: 3.1 The Mechanical Era Up: OV Chapter Previous: 2 Computational Science Computer 3 A Brief History of Computer Technology The evolution of digital computing is often divided into generations . Each generation is characterized by dramatic improvements over the previous generation in the technology used to build computers, the internal organization of computer systems, and programming languages. Although not usually associated with computer generations, there has been a steady improvement in algorithms, including algorithms used in computational science. The following history has been organized using these widely recognized generations as mileposts. 3.1 The Mechanical Era (1623-1945) 3.2 First Generation Electronic Computers (1937-1953) 3.3 Second Generation (1954-1962) 3.4 Third Generation (1963-1972) ... 3.7 Sixth Generation (1990 - ) verena@csep1.phy.ornl.gov

74. Greatest Achievements - 8. Computers The history of the computer has been one of dazzling feats. Early groundwork included Blaise Pascal s adding machines (1600s); Marie http://www.greatachievements.org/greatachievements/ga_8_2.html

In the first half of the 20th century, a steady stream of technical innovation transformed people's lives the automobile, the airplane, farm machinery, the washing machine. Drudgery and limitations were fast giving way to freedom and possibilities. In many ways, new technologies were no longer a surprise. Then came a new machine - the computer - which astonished the world and promised to remove other forms of drudgery from life, such as tedious calculations or assembly line tasks. The computer would soon evolve from an elaborate calculator to a complex system of enormous capability. The computer's impact would prove to be immense, a fact recognized by the magazine Time in 1982, when it dubbed the computer "Man of the Year." Before the century was over, the computer had become an integral part of every major industry, and had begun to open new worlds through the Internet. The history of the computer has been one of dazzling feats. Early groundwork included Blaise Pascal's adding machines (1600s); Marie Jacquard's weaving looms (1801); Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine (1840s); and Herman Hollerith's punch-card program (1880s). In 1943, the British logic calculator, Colossus, cracked complex Nazi codes in hours, and turned the tide in favor of the Allies. In 1946, America's ENIAC performed 5000 additions and subtractions per second. In the 1980s supercomputers performed 10 trillion calculations per second - what would take 10 million years on a handheld calculator. Among the more dazzling feats were those that enabled these machines to store information and read programs. The first hurdle in this transformation was accepting the concept of a universal machine, as outlined in a 1945 paper by Alan Turing. He laid out the principles for a machine that could store programs as well as data, and quickly switch to perform tasks as diverse as arithmetic, data processing, and chess playing. Independently, building on the work of ENIAC engineers John Eckert and John Mauchly, John von Neumann's EDVAC report came to the same conclusion.

75. Surfing The Net With Kids: Computer History Jigsaw Puzzle a Friend Top Ten Pages Topic Directory ~~ Search this Site Arts, Crafts, Music computers, Internet Hobbies, Sports Geography Holidays, history Language Arts http://www.surfnetkids.com/games/computerhistory-js.htm

...Click for Menu... ~~ Home ~~ Light a Fire Quotations How to Add Games Email Book Clubs Book Store Calendar Blog Free Web Content Games Jokes Newsletters Postcards Printables Screensavers Suggest a Site Tell a Friend Top Ten Pages Topic Directory ~~ Search this Site Arts, Crafts, Music Computers, Internet Hobbies, Sports Geography Holidays, History Language Arts Math Parents, Teachers Pre-K and K Science, Animals Link to Us From my Mailbox My Bio Ad Rates Write Me Visit My Office Blog Book Club Calendar Free Content ... Topics Computer History Jigsaw You have two minutes to put the pieces back together. Can you beat the clock? U.S. Army Photo 1962. From left to right: Patsy Simmers holding ENIAC board; Gail Taylor holding EDVAC board; Milly Beck holding ORDVAC board; Norma Stec holding BRLESC-I board. Email this game to a friend with a personal message Click here to get the Flash Plugin if you can't see the game More Jigsaws: Hamster Jigsaw Mona Lisa Jigsaw American Flag Jigsaw Dino Jigsaw More Computer History Games: Computer History Crossword Computer Pioneers Word Search Previous Home Learn how to make games like this for YOUR Web site, with the Surfnetkids manual " How to Add Games to Your Site.

76. Computer History 1965) 1960s Gene Amdahl designed the IBM System/360 series of mainframe (G) computers, the first generalpurpose digital computers to use (See history of the http://tdi.uregina.ca/~complit/comphist.htm

The Technological Threshold The First Generation The Second Generation The Third Generation The Fourth Generation Other Chronologies: Computers in the Media Computer Games Computer-generated Special Effects Internet Evolution of the Computer: The first counting device was the abacus, originally from Asia. It worked on a place-value notion meaning that the place of a bead or rock on the apparatus determined how much it was worth. 1600s: John Napier discovers logarithms. Robert Bissaker invents the slide rule which will remain in popular use until 19. 1642: Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician and philosopher, invents the first mechanical digital calculator using gears, called the Pascaline. Although this machine could perform addition and subtraction on whole numbers, it was too expensive and only Pascal himself could repare it. 1804: Joseph Marie Jacquard used punch cards to automate a weaving loom. 1812: Charles P. Babbage, the "father of the computer", discovered that many long calculations involved many similar, repeated operations. Therefore, he designed a machine, the difference engine which would be steam-powered, fully automatic and commanded by a fixed instruction program. In 1833, Babbage quit working on this machine to concentrate on the analytical engine. Augusta Ada . "The first programmer" suggested that a binary system shouled be used for staorage rather than a decimal system. 1850s: George Boole developed Boolean logic which would later be used in the design of computer circuitry.

77. ECHO Science & Technology Virtual Center Charles Babbage Institute Center for the history of Computing University of Minnesota contains an interesting look at Hollywood and computers. http://echo.gmu.edu/center/searchcat.php?DBN=echo&TBL=directory&FLD=computer&REC

78. Computers: My History With Computers computers. My history with computers. I like computers. I really do. I have all my life. Remember the one kid who would push ANY button http://www.zenspider.com/RWD/Thoughts/computers.html

Sitemap Search Zen Spider Website Ryan Davis ... Thoughts / Computers Computers My History with Computers I like computers. I really do. I have all my life. Remember the one kid who would push ANY button, even the big red one in the department store labeled "Fire" or something like that? That was me. I started using computers in the third grade in my elementary school library. It was an Apple II. First it was just games, then it was other educational stuff, then it was everything I could get my hands on. By the time I was in the 6th grade, I had a fairly good exposure to the Apple series including the IIgs (I think) and some exposure to DOS via some of my friends. I had even done a bit of Logo and BASIC programming on the Apple. That was probably my doom. Then around December in the 6th grade, my dad bought me a Macintosh 512. My first computer ever. I spent ALL of my time on it. Since then I have used a lot of computers. I am writing this document to simply list all the machines that I have owned. It may not be complete, as my memory is definately not. 512k Macintosh - NoName? - (1985-12 to 1989-)

79. AHC U.K. Association for history and Computing. UK branch of the AHC. An organisation dedicated to the use of computers in historical research and teaching. AHC News. http://www.gla.ac.uk/centres/hca/ahc/

Association for History and Computing UK branch of the AHC An organisation dedicated to the use of computers in historical research and teaching AHC News AHC UK Annual Conference 2004 'Recasting the Past: Digital Histories' Institute for Historical Research, London 27th November 2004 more details here AHC UK Members' Survey Report Projects Database Respondents to the members' survey strongly supported the creation of a Projects Database. If you are involved in a personal or funded research or teaching project which you are willing to be included, Discussion List The AHC (UK) maintains a discussion and announcements list through the JISCmail service. You can join the list at http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/AHC-UK.html Details of the AHC UK List of Officers Information about joining the AHC UK AHC UK Publications online Proceedings and abstracts of past AHC and AHC UK conferences ... The AHC email discussion list This site was last updated on 20 April, 2004

80. About Acorn Computers And ARM Processors Includes an introduction, history, hardware and software details, photographs, and screenshots of the RISC OS operating system. http://home.in.tum.de/~atterer/acorn.html

For latest news, try the Acorn Cybervillage , one of the Acorn-related newsgroups (for example comp.sys.acorn.advocacy ), or the websites of Element 14 (formerly known as Acorn) and Advanced RISC Machines (ARM). Many of the JPEGs are only thumbnails - click on a picture to view it full size. All of this must be regarded as my personal view. Other people may have different thoughts about Acorn and their products! If you think that some of the information on this page is wrong, I'd be glad if you told me. Contents: Information about Acorn Computers Introduction - some advertising, a little about the company's history Hardware - details about old and new prototypes which were never produced Software - a small market, but good quality Operating system - RISC OS had a task bar before Windoze, look at the screenshots Information about Advanced RISC Machines On a separate page ARM's way - copy of an article which appeared in Electronics Weekly Introduction "Acorn? Never heard about it... and why should I bother?" I am perfectly aware that your computer and your OS are far better than what I will be talking about - but if you learn a little about Acorn, you might find that even though the system really can be considered exotic, it is well-planned with consistent design and some clever details which aren't present in any other OS.

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