101. Riemann Geometry And Tensor Calculus @ Mathematica Free Mathematica package for explicit tensor calculations in Riemannian Geometry. http://www.inp.demokritos.gr/~sbonano/RGTC/

Description This package introduces definitions for tensor calculations in Riemannian Geometry. To begin a calculation the user must specify a Riemannian space by giving: (1) a list of coordinates, (2) a symmetric matrix of functions of the coordinates (= metric tensor) and (3) a list of simplification rules (optional). The main routine in the package then computes explicit expressions for all common Riemannian Geometry tensors (Riemann, Ricci, Einstein, Weyl) and tests if the space belongs to any of the following categories: Flat Conformally Flat Ricci Flat Einstein Space or Space of Constant Curvature . Each tensor is stored as a nested list under an appropriate global name. The following functions for operating on these tensors are defined: Raise/Lower indices, Contract (multiple) indices, Covariant Differentiation and Covariant Divergence. These functions, together with the built-in functions Outer (giving tensor products) and Transpose (index rearrangement) provide the necessary tools for performing all common tensor operations on the computer. Several examples of the use of these functions on tensors computed using different metrics are given. Beginning with version 2.5, tensor components can be calculated with respect to an arbitrary frame, and approximate calculations (series expansions) can be carried out. Version 2.7.8 significantly improves these capabilities.

102. ThinkQuest : Library : Go Forth & Multiply: A Mathematics Adventure calculus Main Page. Beginnings of calculus. They developed general concepts whichrelate to the main problems of calculus, as well as introduced notations. http://library.thinkquest.org/C0110248/calculus/history1.htm

Index Education Want to learn more about the world of mathematics? Then go forth, and enter the wildest math adventure you've ever been! Learn new math concepts and refresh your knowledge for those you've already known. Understand how the formulae you use were derived from. Or, you can take a step back into the past and read about how mathematics and its concepts originated. Go forth and multiply! Visit Site 2001 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Awards Achievement Award Students Teow Lim Raffles Junior College, Singapore, Singapore Vee San Raffles Girls' School (Secondary), Singapore, Singapore Coaches Poh Kheng Pioneer Junior College, Singapore, Singapore Jee Wah Raffles Girls' School (Sec), Hougang, Singapore Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site. Privacy Policy

103. Advanced Calculus And Analysis MA1002 Lecture notes from the University of Aberdeen for a first course in Analysis. http://www.maths.abdn.ac.uk/~igc/tch/ma2001/notes/notes.html

Next: Foreword Up: MA2001 Home Page Contents Index Advanced Calculus and Analysis Ian Craw Foreword These Notes Acknowledgements Contents ... The probability integral e d x The number e is irrational Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables Functions of Several Variables Graphing functions of Several Variables Continuity ... About this document ... Ian Craw 2002-01-07

104. The Coq Proof Assistant Allows the user to handle calculus assertions, to check mechanically proofs of these assertions, helps to find formal proofs, extracts a certified program from the constructive proof of its formal specification. http://coq.inria.fr/

105. Index The 2001 LMS Lectures by Thomas Goodwillie. University of Aberdeen, Scotland; 1823 June 2001. http://maths.abdn.ac.uk/~lmslec/

LONDON MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY INVITED LECTURE SERIES Calculus of Functors THOMAS GOODWILLIE 18 - 23 JUNE 2001 Research Centre in Topology and Related Areas Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Aberdeen The 2001 LMS Lectures will be given in Aberdeen. This series is held annually: a single speaker gives a course of about 10 expository lectures, examining an important topic in depth, over a five day period. In the 2001 program in Aberdeen there will be two lectures every morning. An associated afternoon programme will be arranged by G. Arone and M. Weiss. The lecture notes will be published in one of the LMS venues. All mathematicians interested in the topic are welcome to attend the lectures. Limited funds are available to support participants. Priority for financial support will be given to research students and mathematicians who would benefit from attending the lectures, but who would otherwise be prevented from attending by financial constraints. For details on financial support and an application form, please see the link below. Interested participants are also encouraged to attend the International Conference in Algebraic Topology which will take place on the Isle of Skye , the week after this lecture series (June 24 - 30 2001). The theme of the conference is Categorical Decomposition Techniques, in which calculus of functors play an important role. The organizers will attempt to reduce registration fees for those who plan to attend both meetings. Details will appear at a later date. The lecture series registration fee will be waived for doctoral students.

106. Calculus Of Origami Site This site is about Math and Origami, it defines a notation for folds, based on points and edges, and some links for papers on math and origami http://community.core-sdi.com/~gera/origami

Planet J Laboratories Presents... T HE C ALCULUS OF O RIGAMI Originally developed by Josh Knowles and Sean Owen at PJLabs, Austin, Texas. Now hosted by gera at Core's Community site Spanish Language Version also available, as translated by Gerardo Richarte (outdated). Sorry, folks, there are no instructions on how to fold paper cups or kabuto helmets here. These pages instead focus on the mathematics involved with paperfolding (as the title may imply). C ONTAINED W ITHIN: THE I NTRODUCTION N ... EWS Last Updated: May 1, 2001 THE R ULES Definitions ... EFERENCES

107. Køb Din Lommeregner Billigt Hos Calculus Salg af lommeregnere fra Texas Instruments og HewlettPackard prim¦rt til studerende. http://www.calculus.dk/

Min konto Forsiden Handelsbetingelser Kontakt ... Virksomhedsprofil Velkommen hos Calculus.dk Calculus.dk er en internetbutik, der sælger lommeregnere fra Hewlett Packard og Texas Instruments til virksomheder, elever på folkeskoler, gymnasier, tekniske skoler, handelsskoler og højere læreranstalter. Calculus.dk kan tilbyde nogle af markedets laveste priser og det er målsætningen at blive markedets mest professionelle udbyder af lommeregnere. Hos Calculus.dk kan du blandt andet: • Få information om godkendte modeller på uddannelserne. • Købe din lommeregner eller grafregner. • Finde det tilbehør, der passer til din lommeregner. • Downloade software til din lommeregner. • Afgive bestillinger døgnet rundt. • Betale med Dankort og andre anerkendte betalingskort. • Få leveret din lommeregner direkte til døren. Klik på produktkategorierne i menuen til venstre for at se de produkter du kan købe - vi glæder os til at høre fra dig! Med venlig hilsen Calculus.dk Antal varer i kurven DKK 0,00 Se kurv Gå til kassen Nye modeller fra TI I løbet af sommeren lancerer TI en række nye modeller. Køb dem hos Calculus.dk - når de kommer til Danmark. Læs om modellerne her

108. Anite Calculus - Inter-Company Billing Solutions Offers intercompany billing and retail solutions for competitive OLOs and resellers. Includes support forum and contact details. http://www.anitecalculus.com/

Anite Calculus support key markets for inter-company billing solutions -covering interconnect, wholesale and partner settlement, as well as providing cost-effective retail systems for resellers and OLOs, and non-telecoms related solutions in areas such as utilities, logistics and road-user charging. The Calculus solution is one of the industries leading billing systems, ranked second by Chorleywood in their recent Interconnect report with substantial year on year growth. The Calculus customer base is constantly growing and includes industry leaders such as Telia and Telenor as well as newer entrants such as Wavecrest, Advantel and Totem Communications. Anite Calculus benefits from the financial stability of being part of a FTSE listed global IT services business, but remains entirely focused on the development and support of the Calculus product. New Customer Announcement: - Finnet International Selects Anite Calculus Demo: Request a Calculus Billing Demo Products Partners About Us ... Site Map

109. Geometric Calculus Research And Development Includes a brief introduction, articles and book chapters on the subject, as well as references to further information. http://modelingnts.la.asu.edu/GC_R&D.html

110. Non-Newtonian Calculus Includes discussions of general theory and heuristic guides for application. http://www.geocities.com/nonnewtoniancalculus/

Non-Newtonian Calculus NON-NEWTONIAN CALCULUS A Brief Account: The non-Newtonian calculi were created in the period from 1967 to 1970 by Michael Grossman and Robert Katz. These calculi provide a wide variety of mathematical tools for use in science, engineering, and mathematics. They appear to have considerable potential for use as alternatives to the classical calculus of Newton and Leibniz. The first publication on non-Newtonian calculus was Grossman and Katz’s book "Non-Newtonian Calculus” (QA303.G88). It includes discussions of nine specific non-Newtonian calculi, the general theory of non-Newtonian calculus, and heuristic guides for application. The first non-Newtonian calculus is the topic of Grossman’s book "The First Nonlinear System of Differential and Integral Calculus" (QA303.G878). In that calculus the exponential functions play the role that the linear functions play in the classical calculus. A non-Newtonian calculus in which the power functions play that role is presented in Grossman’s book "Bigeometric Calculus: A System with a Scale-Free Derivative” (QA306.G84). Each non-Newtonian calculus, as well as the classical calculus, can be ‘weighted’ in a manner explained in the book "The First Systems of Weighted Differential and Integral Calculus” (QA303.G876) by Jane Grossman, Michael Grossman, and Robert Katz. Natural outgrowths of the systems of weighted calculus are the systems of meta-calculus, which are described in Jane Grossman's book "Meta-Calculus: Differential and Integral” (QA303.G877).

111. Calculus Competition Contest open to students at Youngstown State University. Includes a collection of past contest problems. http://cc.ysu.edu/~ejwingle/CalcComp/calccomp.htm

Each year the Department of Mathematics and Statistics and Pi Mu Epsilon sponsor a calculus competition, which is open to any undergraduate student at YSU or any high school student enrolled in an undergraduate class at YSU. The first competition was held on February 10, 1990. The winner of the competition receives a $60 cash prize. The second and third place winners receive $40 and $20, respectively. The winner of the 2004 competition , held on April 3, was Jeremy Hamilton . To see a list of past competition winners, click here Next year's competition will be held some time in late March or early April. Check this page periodically for the exact date. If you would like to see what kinds of questions are asked on the competition, you can download copies of the previous competitions (see below). These are available as PDF files, which can be read by the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The Files. Competition 1 Competition 9 Competition 2 Competition 10 ... Competition 8

112. The Calculus Of Structures - Modal Logics Several normal propositional modal logics are systematically presented in the calculus of structures and cut elimination is proved. By Alessio Guglielmi. http://alessio.guglielmi.name/res/cos/ML/

Alessio Guglielmi's Research Deep Inference and the Calculus of Structures / Modal Logics Deep Inference and the Calculus of Structures Modal Logics Several normal propositional modal logics are systematically presented in the calculus of structures and cut elimination is proved. A Systematic Proof Theory for Several Modal Logics Charles Stewart and Phiniki Stouppa The family of normal propositional modal logic systems are given a very systematic organisation by their model theory. This model theory is generally given using frame semantics, and it is systematic in the sense that for the most important systems we have a clean, exact correspondence between their constitutive axioms as they are usually given in a Hilbert-Lewis style and conditions on the accessibility relation on frames. By contrast, the usual structural proof theory of modal logic, as given in Gentzen systems, is ad-hoc. While we can formulate several modal logics in the sequent calculus that enjoy cut-elimination, their formalisation arises through system-by-system fine tuning to ensure that the cut-elimination holds, and the correspondence to the formulation in the Hilbert-Lewis systems becomes opaque. This paper introduces a systematic presentation for the systems K, D, M, and S4 in the calculus of structures, a structural proof theory that employs deep inference. Because of this, we are able to axiomatise the modal logics in a manner directly analogous to the Hilbert-Lewis axiomatisation. We show that the calculus possesses a cut-elimination property directly analogous to cut-elimination for the sequent calculus for these systems, and we discuss the extension to several other modal logics.

113. ESAIM Control, Optimisation And Calculus Of Variations Part of European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics. Full text from vol.1 (1995). http://www.edpsciences.com/cocv/

114. Focus On Calculus: Topics in calculus that are important in physics http://omega.albany.edu:8008/mat214dir/Baierlein.html

Focus on Calculus A Physicist's View of Teaching Calculus Ralph Baierlein, Wesleyan University What topics in calculus would physicists like to see their students learn? A lot of topics, of course, but the need to economize in this article forces me to economize in what I might ask of a calculus teacher, who is strapped for time, if not for space. Here are some highlights- some areas of especial concern to the study of physics. Exponentials and logarithms That the derivative of an exponential function is proportional to the function itself is the most important property of those functions. A physicist would like to start with that property, as displayed here: Numerical exploration with base (b=2) yields a coefficient of b X that is less than 1; trying (b = 10) yields a coefficient greater than 1. In between 2 and 10 there ought to be a number that yields 1, and thereby e enters the scene. Then it is a matter of small, relatively easy steps to develop the topic and to finish with ln y as the integral of one-over-x dx. That logarithmic relation always puzzles students, and so it is best to place it last, not at the start, where it might derail the entire development. Expansions and approximations Almost every ``exactly-solved'' problem in physics is based on some initial approximation. To be sure, solutions have become famous as exact solutions to nonlinear differential equations, but those equations themselves are merely approximations to more fundamental equations. Physics students need to become handy with the Taylor expansion and the binomial expansion. Their level of expertise should enable them to apply those expansions to functions like

115. Mathematics Reference Trigonometry identities and calculus rules for integration and differentiation. http://www.alcyone.com/max/reference/maths/index.html

Mathematics reference Ma MathRef A mathematics reference for students and teachers. Conventions. Mathematics reference: Notation A unified mathematical notation used throughout these pages. Ma Trigonometric identities and properties. Mathematics reference: Trigonometric identities Various identities and properties essential in trigonometry. Ma Mathematics reference: Hyperbolic trigonometry identities Various identities essential in hyperbolic trigonometry. Ma Differential and integral calculus. Mathematics reference: Limits Properties of limits. Ma Mathematics reference: Rules for differentiation Essential rules for differentiation. Ma Mathematics reference: Rules for integration Essential rules for integration. Ma Vectors and matrices. Mathematics reference: Rules for vectors Basic properties of vectors. Ma Mathematics reference: Rules for matrices Basic properties of matrices. Ma Navigation. Erik Max Francis TOP Welcome to my homepage. e Reference UP A technical reference. Re Mathematics reference: Notation START A unified mathematical notation used throughout these pages. Ma Quick links.

116. FREE Mathematics How-to Library - Math Homework Help – Math Tutor Software Offers help with algebra, geometry, calculus, fractions, functions, gradient, money and trigonometry problems. Includes worked examples and download files. http://www.teacherschoice.com.au/mathematics_how-to_library.htm

Teachers' Choice Software home page Stuck on your homework ? No problem! Get help FAST with your mathematics and physics questions. We provide personalized , professional tutoring in high school mathematics and physics. We can help you now ! Select a category from the table below, or scroll this page to view the topic headings. Click the topic names to view the help pages... Algebra Analytical geometry Angles Area and Surface Area ... top Algebra Evaluating expressions Evaluate algebraic expressions How to substitute values for variables in algebraic expressions and how to evaluate the expressions to give a numerical answer. Expanding brackets Expand brackets: (a+b)(c+d) How to expand algebraic expressions with brackets Factorising Factorise expressions like: ab + ac How to factorise expressions by finding common factors Factorise quadratic expressions How to factorise quadratic expressions using several methods. Splitting the middle term of a quadratic How to split the middle term of a quadratic expression so that it can be factorised. Other factorising techniques How to use Algematics to do these operations: difference of squares sum and difference of cubes split middle term of quadratic group and factorise four terms Quadratic Equations Finding roots by factorising How to calculate the roots of a quadratic equation algebraically after the quadratic expression is factorised.

117. Calculus 1.0 - Software For Windows By Ashay Dharwadker Software for Windows by Ashay Dharwadker. Compute and graph functions, derivatives and integrals. Free limited evaluation version. http://www.geocities.com/dharwadker/calculus.html

Calculus 1.0 Software for Windows 95/98/2000/Me/NT/XP Ashay Dharwadker H-501 Palam Vihar District Gurgaon Haryana 122017 India dharwadker@yahoo.com Try Calculus 1.0 : Size 245 Kb with installer/uninstaller provided. The evaluation version is fully operational. However, it has a timer that limits each session to 2:00 minutes. If you like the software, buy Calculus 1.0. Buy Calculus 1.0 : Buy Calculus 1.0 at a discount price of $40 on a PayPal hosted payment page. The registered version of Calculus 1.0 will be sent to you by email. About Calculus 1.0 : Simtel.net - Calculus 1.0 Math Forum - Single Variable Calculus The Math Works - Calculus Features: Small and fast program designed using visual C++ and openGL with a clean WYSIWYG interface. Here's what you can do with Calculus 1.0: Graph a function y=f(x) with any resolution. Graph the first derivative f’(x). Graph the second derivative f’’(x). Plot and calculate a function value f(c) at x=c. Draw the tangent line and calculate the derivative value f’(c) at x=c. Graph the integral function F(x) such that F’(x)=f(x), according to the fundamental theorem of calculus.

118. Multivariable Calculus Textbook by George Cain and James Herod. Chapters in PDF. http://www.math.gatech.edu/~cain/notes/calculus.html

Multivariable Calculus George Cain James Herod This is a textbook for a course in multivariable calculus. It has been used for the past few years here at Georgia Tech. The notes are available as Adobe Acrobat documents. If you do not have an Adobe Acrobat Reader, you may down-load a copy, free of charge, from Adobe Title page and Table of Contents Table of Contents Chapter One - Euclidean Three Space 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Coordinates in Three-Space 1.3 Some Geometry 1.4 Some More GeometryLevel Sets Chapter Two - VectorsAlgebra and Geometry 2.1 Vectors 2.2 Scalar Product 2.3 Vector Product Chapter Three - Vector Functions 3.1 Relations and Functions 3.2 Vector Functions 3.3 Limits and Continuity Chapter Four - Derivatives 4.1 Derivatives 4.2 Geometry of Space CurvesCurvature 4.3 Geometry of Space CurvesTorsion 4.4 Motion Chapter Five - More Dimensions 5.1 The space R n 5.2 Functions Chapter Six - Linear Functions and Matrices 6.1 Matrices 6.2 Matrix Algebra Chapter Seven - Continuity, Derivatives, and All That 7.1 Limits and Continuity

119. Calculus calculus. calculus, branch of mathematics that studies continuously changingquantities. Related content from HighBeam Research on calculus. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0809858.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... D-Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia calculus calculus, branch of mathematics that studies continuously changing quantities. The calculus is characterized by the use of infinite processes, involving passage to a limit Newton and the German mathematician G. W. Leibniz , working independently, developed the calculus during the 17th cent. The calculus and its basic tools of differentiation and integration serve as the foundation for the larger branch of mathematics known as analysis . The methods of calculus are essential to modern physics and to most other branches of modern science and engineering. Sections in this article: Introduction The Differential Calculus The Integral Calculus Bibliography The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, calculator calculus of variations Related content from HighBeam Research on: calculus Calculus and the teaching of intermediate microeconomics: results from a survey.

120. Perl Contains The Lambda-Calculus Explains why this computer program is well suited to apply to functional application. http://perl.plover.com/lambda/

Perl contains the -calculus -Calculus (pronounced `lambda calculus') is a model of computation invented by Alonzo Church in 1934. It's analogous to Turing machines, but it's both simpler and more practical. Where the Turing machine is something like a model of assembly language, the -calculus is a model of function application. Like Turing machines, it defines a simplified programming language that you can write real programs in. Writing Turing machine programs is like writing in assembly language, but writing -calculus programs is more like writing in a higher-level language, because it has functions. The two legal operations in the -calculus are to construct a function of one argument with a specified body, and to invoke one of these functions on an argument. What can be in the body of the function? Any legal expression, but expressions are limited to variables, function constructions, and function invocations. What can the argument be? It has to be another function; functions are all you have. With this tiny amount of machinery, we can construct a programming language that can express any computation that any other language can express. Unlike most popular programming languages, Perl is powerful enough to express the

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