1. PAL: Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) Information page on the author on the PAL Perspectives in American Literature A Research and Reference Guide website. http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap2/wheatley.html

PAL: Perspectives in American Literature A Research and Reference Guide - An Ongoing Project Paul P. Reuben Chapter 2: Early American Literature: 1700-1800 - Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) Jupiter Hammon's Poem "An Address to Miss Phillis Wheatly" sic Selected Bibliography Primary Works Her Achievements Strongest Anti-Slavery Statement ... Home Page (Image source: Legacy Photo Gallery A rare portrait of Phillis Wheatley shows her facing forward, wearing an evening dress and jewelry. The portrait appeared in Revue des Colonies in Paris between 1834 and 1842. Image Credit: Schomburg Center Source: PBS - Africans In America Primary Works An Elegiac Poem, on the Death of that celebrated Divine, and eminent Servant of Jesus Christ, the late Reverend, and pious George Whitefield, Chaplain to the Right Honourable the Countess of Huntingdon (first published as a broadside in Boston, 1770; republished several times); Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral

2. Phillis Wheatley Phillis Wheatley (17531784). Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. LondonPrinted for Archibald Bell and Sold in Boston by Cox and Berry, 1773. http://www.lib.udel.edu/ud/spec/exhibits/treasures/american/wheatley.html

PHILLIS WHEATLEY (1753-1784) Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral . London: Printed for Archibald Bell and Sold in Boston by Cox and Berry, 1773. Phillis Wheatley was one of the most well- known poets in America during her day. Wheatley was born on the western coast of Africa and kidnapped from the Senegal-Gambia region when she was about seven years old. Not being of suitable age to be sold as a slave in the West Indies or the southern colonies, she was transported to Boston, where she was purchased in 176l by John Wheatley, a prominent tailor, as an attendant to his wife. Phillis learned English quickly and was taught to read and write, and within sixteen months of her arrival in America she was reading passages from the Bible, Greek and Latin classics, astronomy, geography, history, and British literature. Phillis published her first poem in the Newport, Rhode Island

3. Phillis Wheatley, 1753-1784 And Margaretta Matilda Odell Memoir And Poems Of Phi Phillis Wheatley, 17531784 and Margaretta Matilda Odell Slaves' writings, American. Wheatley, Phillis, 1753-1784. Funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/wheatley/menu.html

Phillis Wheatley, 1753-1784 and Margaretta Matilda Odell Memoir and Poems of Phillis Wheatley, a Native African and a Slave. Dedicated to the Friends of the Africans. Boston: Published by Geo. W. Light, 1834. Full Text (103 p., ca. 200K) HTML file XML/TEI source file Illustrations Frontispiece Title Page 2nd Title Page Title Page Verso Subjects African American poets Biography. African American women poets Biography. Slaves Biography. Slaves' writings, American. ... Wheatley, Phillis, 1753-1784. Funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities supported the electronic publication of this title. Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University Libraries provided the text for the electronic publication of this title. Return to "North American Slave Narratives" Home Page Return to Documenting the American South Home Page Feedback URL: http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/wheatley/menu.html Last update March 31, 2004

4. Phillis Wheatley, 1753-1784. Margaretta Matilda Odell. Memoir And Poems Of Phill Wheatley, Phillis, 17531784. Odell, Margaretta Matilda. LanguagesUsed English. LC Subject Headings Wheatley, Phillis, 1753-1784. http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/wheatley/wheatley.html

Memoir and Poems of Phillis Wheatley, a Native African and a Slave. Dedicated to the Friends of the Africans: Electronic Edition. Wheatley, Phillis, 1753-1784 Odell, Margaretta Matilda Funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities supported the electronic publication of this title. Text scanned (OCR) by Kevin O'Kelley and Sarah Reuning Images scanned by Lee Ann Morawski Text encoded by Lee Ann Morawski and Natalia Smith First edition, 1999 ca. 200K Academic Affairs Library, UNC-CH University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Source Description: (title page) Memoir and Poems of Phillis Wheatley, a Native African and a Slave. Dedicated to the Friends of the Africans (title page ) Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. Phillis Wheatley 103 p., ill. Boston Geo. W. Light Call number C-7 W557M (Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University Libraries) Documenting the American South.         All double right and left quotation marks are encoded as " and " respectively. Library of Congress Subject Headings, 21st edition, 1998

5. Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) ::: RIP-TV ::: guestbook RIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TV. RIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TV. RIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TV. RIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TVRIP-TV. click HERE( new!) 2003-02-02. Phillis Wheatley. B. 1753 Senegal / D. 1784 Boston. Poverty. Teaching American to foreigners http://rip-tv.diaryland.com/030202_39.html

newest older e-mail diaryland ... sorethroat RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV RIP-TV click HERE (new!) Phillis Wheatley B. 1753 Senegal / D. 1784 Boston Poverty Teaching American to foreigners: a practical approach. The families. “Thank you for C-SPAN I’m calling to express my condolences to the families?” Our prayers go out to the families. Debris. We live outside the debris field. He lives within the debris field. Waco “is named after the Waco Indians, the first inhabitants of this area. The Wacos were a branch of the Wichitas and were closely related to the Tawakonis. They were members of the Caddoan Confederacy. The tribe lived in beehive shaped huts, 20- to 25- feet high, made of poles, buffalo hides and rushes. The Wacos had approximately 400 acres of land under cultivation, planted in corn, beans, pumpkins, melons and peach trees. The village was located about 1/2 mile from the Brazos River, on Barron's Branch creek, near a cold spring.” Nacogdoches “the oldest town in Texas, is named for the Caddo family of Indians who once lived in the area. There is a legend that tells of an old Caddo chief who lived near the Sabine River and had twin sons. When the sons grew to manhood and were ready to become leaders of their own tribes, the father sent one brother three days eastward toward the rising sun. The other brother was sent three days toward the setting sun. The twin who settled three days toward the setting sun was Nacogdoches. The other brother, Natchitoches, settled three days to the east in Louisiana.”

6. University Of Delaware: AFRICAN AMERICAN POETRY Wheatley, Phillis, 17531784. The collected works of Phillis Wheatley. NewYork Oxford University Press, 1988. Wheatley, Phillis, 1753-1784. http://www.lib.udel.edu/ud/spec/exhibits/africam1.htm

Special Collections Department AFRICAN AMERICAN POETRY for reference assistance email timothy.murray@mvs.udel.edu or contact: Special Collections, University of Delaware Library Newark, Delaware 19717-5267 The University of Delaware Library is pleased to announce that "African American Poetry" is the title of the current exhibition on the first floor of the Morris Library in Newark. The exhibition will consist of two separate installments. The first exhibit will be on view from February 6 - May 5, 1998 and will focus upon African American poetry of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Well-known authors such as Phillis Wheatley and Paul Laurence Dunbar will be included, but the work of lesser-known figures, such as Jupiter Hammon, George Moses Horton, and Frances E.W. Harper will also be presented. The second display will be on view from June 23-September 28, 1998 and will highlight African American poetry during the twentieth century and will include work by Countee Cullen, Alice Dunbar Nelson, Sterling Brown, Gwendolyn Brooks, Amiri Baraka, Ishmael Reed, Audrey Lorde, Maya Angelou, Wanda Coleman, Rita Dove, and a host of other African American poets. The University of Delaware Library houses a wealth of primary and secondary materials relating to African American poetry, including original books and manuscripts by African American poets; biographical, historical, and critical works; anthologies; sound recordings; and microforms. Reflecting the Library's efforts to provide electronic access to research materials is the

7. Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) Phillis Wheatley (17531784). Contributing Editor William H. Robinson.Classroom Issues and Strategies. One of the difficulties in http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/bassr/heath/syllabuild/iguide/wheatley.html

Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) Contributing Editor: William H. Robinson Classroom Issues and Strategies One of the difficulties in teaching Wheatley comes in trying to illustrate that she certainly was much more racially aware, and antislavery, in her letters (which were intended to be private) than in her more widely known verses (written for a general white public). I show how, in spite of her fame and the special indulgence of the Wheatley family who owned her, Phillis was necessarily aware of her blackness; for example, in racially segregated church pews, in the widespread menial work (street sweeping and the like) that blacks were forced to do, and in the general lack of educational facilities for Boston blacks. Students (and even scholars) are sometimes wary of the authenticity of Phillis Wheatley's poetic abilities and, accordingly, ask germane questions. Such students and scholars are disabused of their doubts when confronted with copies of extant manuscripts of verses and letters written when Phillis was known to have not been in the company of whites. Major Themes, Historical Perspectives, and Personal Issues

8. Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) Phillis Wheatley (17531784) Contributing Editor William H are sometimes wary of the authenticity of Phillis Wheatley's poetic abilities and, accordingly, ask germane questions http://college.hmco.com/english/heath/syllabuild/iguide/wheatley.html

Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) Contributing Editor: William H. Robinson Classroom Issues and Strategies One of the difficulties in teaching Wheatley comes in trying to illustrate that she certainly was much more racially aware, and antislavery, in her letters (which were intended to be private) than in her more widely known verses (written for a general white public). I show how, in spite of her fame and the special indulgence of the Wheatley family who owned her, Phillis was necessarily aware of her blackness; for example, in racially segregated church pews, in the widespread menial work (street sweeping and the like) that blacks were forced to do, and in the general lack of educational facilities for Boston blacks. Students (and even scholars) are sometimes wary of the authenticity of Phillis Wheatley's poetic abilities and, accordingly, ask germane questions. Such students and scholars are disabused of their doubts when confronted with copies of extant manuscripts of verses and letters written when Phillis was known to have not been in the company of whites. Major Themes, Historical Perspectives, and Personal Issues

9. Browse Top Level > Texts > Project Gutenberg > Authors > W > Wheatley, Phillis, Author Wheatley, Phillis, 17531784 Keywords Authors W Wheatley,Phillis, 1753-1784; Titles R ; Subject Practical theology. http://www.archive.org/texts/textslisting-browse.php?collection=gutenberg&cat=Au

10. A Voice Of Her Own (Imagination): American Treasures Of The Library Of Congress A Voice of Her Own. Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral Phillis Wheatley(ca. 17531784) Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. . . http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/tri013.html

Home Overview Treasure Talks Object Checklist (Current) ... Credits Exhibition Sections: Top Treasures Memory Reason Imagination A Voice of Her Own Phillis Wheatley (ca. 1753-1784) Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. . . London, 1773 The gifted young black poet Phillis Wheatley (ca. 1753-1784) was celebrated as "the extraordinary poetical genius" of colonial New England even before this compilation of her poems was published in September 1773. Not yet eight years old when she was brought to America from Africa in 1761, Wheatley was educated by her mistress, and her first poem was published in a Rhode Island newspaper when she was only fourteen. Her pious elegies for prominent English and colonial leaders became popular and were often reprinted in colonial newspapers or as broadsides. Wheatley's 1773 visit to London, ostensibly to improve her frail condition, was cut short by her mistress' failing health. Although she was entertained by William Legge, Earl of Dartmouth, the abolitionist Grenville Sharpe, John Thornton, and Benjamin Franklin, Wheatley did not meet her patron, Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon, to whom she dedicated her Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. Additional Views: Portrait facing Title Page Title Page Page 2 Home ... Credits Exhibition Sections:

11. MSN Encarta - Wheatley, Phillis Wheatley, Phillis (1753?1784), American poet, born in Africa, generally recognizedas the first important black American poet. , Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784). http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761557172/Wheatley_Phillis.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Subscription Article MSN Encarta Premium: Get this article, plus 60,000 other articles, an interactive atlas, dictionaries, thesaurus, articles from 100 leading magazines, homework tools, daily math help and more for $4.95/month or $29.95/year (plus applicable taxes.) Learn more. This article is exclusively available for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Already a subscriber? Sign in above. Wheatley, Phillis Wheatley, Phillis (1753?-1784), American poet, born in Africa, generally recognized as the first important black American poet. Captured by slave... Related Items The Poetry of Phillis Wheatley see also Poetry 5 items Multimedia Selected Web Links Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) Selected Poetry of Phillis Wheatley (1753?-1784) 4 items Sidebars GREAT WORKS OF LITERATURE The Poetry of Phillis Wheatley Quotations Color: Some view our sable race… 2 items Want more Encarta?

12. From Revolution To Reconstruction: Outlines: Outline Of American Literature: Dem An Outline of American Literature. by Kathryn VanSpanckeren. Democratic Originsand Revolutionary Writers, 17761820 Phillis Wheatley (c. 1753-1784). http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/LIT/wheatley.htm

FRtR Outlines American Literature Democratic Origins and Revolutionary Writers, 1776-1820 > Phillis Wheatley (c. 1753-1784) An Outline of American Literature by Kathryn VanSpanckeren Democratic Origins and Revolutionary Writers, 1776-1820: Phillis Wheatley (c. 1753-1784) Index Given the hardships of life in early America, it is ironic that some of the best poetry of the period was written by an exceptional slave woman. The first African-American author of importance in the United States, Phyllis Wheatley was born in Africa and brought to Boston, Massachusetts, when she was about seven, where she was purchased by the pious and wealthy tailor John Wheatley to be a companion for his wife. The Wheatleys recognized Phillis's remarkable intelligence and, with the help of their daughter, Mary, Phillis learned to read and write. Wheatley's poetic themes are religious, and her style, like that of Philip Freneau, is neoclassical. Among her best-known poems are "To S.M., a Young African Painter, on Seeing His Works," a poem of praise and encouragement for another talented black, and a short poem showing her strong religious sensitivity filtered through her experience of Christian conversion. This poem unsettles some contemporary critics whites because they find it conventional, and blacks because the poem does not protest the immorality of slavery. Yet the work is a sincere expression; it confronts white racism and asserts spiritual equality. Indeed, Wheatley was the first to address such issues confidently in verse, as in "On Being Brought from Africa to America":

13. Phillis Wheatley clicking on the MERRIAMWEBSTER DICTIONARY. An Eighteenth Century WomanPHILLIS Wheatley (1753-1784). An engraving of Wheatley from the http://dixiesd.marin.k12.ca.us/dixieschool/Pages/WomensWebQuest/PhillisWheatley.

To Students During your WebQuest, look up words and meanings by clicking on the MERRIAM-WEBSTER DICTIONARY An Eighteenth Century Woman PHILLIS WHEATLEY An engraving of Wheatley from the front of her collection of poetry, From the College of William and Mary Website Phillis Wheatley was the first African - American to become a published poet. Born in Africa and sold into slavery, Wheatley learned to read and write and showed remarkable talents at an early age. She published her first poem at the age of 17, and three years later an entire volume of her poetry was published. Wheatley lived in Boston, Massachusetts during the time of the Boston Tea Party , and the American Revolution. At the age of 25, she married John Peters, a free black man, and had two children. Before she died at age 31, she became a patriot and a great admirer of George Washington, about whom she wrote: A crown, a mansion, and a throne that shine, With gold unfading, Washington! be thine. Wheatley often wrote elegies, poems praising people who had died. Here are a few lines of one:

14. PROJECT GUTENBERG - Catalog By Author - Index - Wheatley, Phillis INDEX What is PG Etext Listings. Etexts by Author. Wheatley, Phillis,17531784 W Index Main Index Religious and Moral Poems. http://www.informika.ru/text/books/gutenb/gutind/TEMP/i-_wheatley_phillis_.html

15. PROJECT GUTENBERG - Catalog By Author - Wheatley, Phillis, 1753 INDEX What is PG Etext Listings. Etexts by Author. Wheatley,Phillis, 17531784 W Index Main Index Religious and Moral http://www.informika.ru/text/books/gutenb/gutind/TEMP/wheatley_phillis_.html

16. Phyllis Wheatley Treasures. 55. Phillis Wheatley 1753?1784. Poems on Various Subjects,Religious and Moral . No Title - Phillis Wheatley 1753-1784. http://cs1.mcm.edu/~cetheridge/wheat.htm

Back to Dr. E's American Lit. I Syllabus Phyllis Wheatley Often regarded as our first African-American writer, Phyllis Wheatley's poems garnered her the acquaintance and respect of such luminaries as Benjamin Franklin and John Hancock as well as letters of appreciation from George Washington. Her neoclassical works treat a number of significant themes, including politics, religion, nature, and her own slavery. Some Internet Resources: Phillis Wheatley - Phillis Wheatley. by: Kelly. Phillis Wheatley was a famous poet. When she was around 17 she published her first book. After that she met with George... http://www.sped.ukans.edu/~scottk/qr/patriots/wheatley.html Phillis Wheatley - PHILLIS WHEATLEY (1753-1784) Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. London: Printed for Archibald Bell and Sold in Boston by Cox and Berry, 1773.. http://www.lib.udel.edu/ud/spec/exhibits/treasures/american/wheatley.html Phillis Wheatley: Precursor of American Abolitionism - Phillis Wheatley: Precursor of American Abolitionism. Born in 1753 in Africa, Phillis Wheatley was kidnapped and sold at a slave auction at age seven to a. http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0214_Phillis_Wheatley.html

17. Phillis Wheatley Literary Movements Timeline American Authors English 310/510 English311/511 English 413/513 English 462/562 Phillis Wheatley (17531784). . http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl310/wheatley.htm

Literary Movements Timeline American Authors English 310/510 ... English 462/562 Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) American Literature Sites Foley Library Catalog Selected Bibliography on Phillis Wheatley Prof. Ann Woodlief has prepared hypertext discussion versions of several works, including Wheatley's "To S. M." and "Upon Being Brought" Phillis Wheatley's "Letter to Rev. Samuel Occom" Short Biographical Sketch by John Keene at NYU Short Biographical Sketch from Voices from the Gaps Jupiter Hammon's Poem to Wheatley at Paul Reuben's PAL site chapter on Wheatley Image courtesy of the Library of Congress. Works Available Online Poems ( at the University of Oregon) Poems at the Schomburg Center for African American Women Writers Comments to D. Campbell. About this site

18. Phillis Wheatley: Selected Bibliography Levernier, James A. Phillis Wheatley (ca. 17531784). Legacy A Journalof American Women Writers 13.1 (1996) 64-75. Mason, Julian D., Jr. http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl310/wheatbib.htm

Literary Movements Timeline American Authors English 310/510 ... English 462/562 Selected Bibliography on Phillis Wheatley Bennett, Paula. "Phillis Wheatley's Vocation and the Paradox of the 'Afric Muse'." PMLA Bly, Antonio T. "Wheatley's 'to the University of Cambridge, in New-England'." Explicator -. "Wheatley's 'on the Affray in King Street'." Explicator -. "Wheatley's 'on the Death of a Young Lady of Five Years of Age'." Explicator Burke, Helen M. "The Rhetoric and Politics of Marginality: The Subject of Phillis Wheatley." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature Burke, Helen. "Problematizing American Dissent: The Subject of Phillis Wheatley." Cohesion and Dissent in America Carretta, Vincent. "Phillis Wheatley, the Mansfield Decision of 1772, and the Choice of Identity." Early America Re-Explored: New Readings in Colonial, Early National, and Antebellum Culture . Ed. Klaus H. Fleischman Schmidt, Fritz. Early American Literature and Culture through the American Renaissance. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 2000. 201-23. Choucair, Mona M. "Phillis Wheatley (1754-1784)."

19. Poet: Phillis Wheatley - All Poems Of Phillis Wheatley Poets A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All. PhillisWheatley (17531784), Phillis Wheatley Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784). http://www.poemhunter.com/phillis-wheatley/poet-3107/

Poem Hunter .com Home Poets Poems Search ... Contact Us Poets: A B C D ... All Phillis Wheatley Free E-Book: 38 poems of Phillis Wheatley File Size: 141k File Format: Acrobat Reader To download the eBook right-Click on the title and select "Save Target As". Poems Comments Resources Stats Poems Click the title of the poem you'd like read. Page: A Farewel To America to Mrs. S. W. A Funeral Poem On The Death Of C. E. An Infant Of Twelve Months A Rebus, By I. B. An Answer To The Rebus, By The Author Of These Poems ... One Being Brought From Africa To America Page: Comments about Phillis Wheatley There is no comment submitted by members.. Click here to write your comments about Phillis Wheatley Web resources about Phillis Wheatley Phillis Wheatley PHILLIS WHEATLEY (1753-1784). Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. Phillis Wheatley was one of the most well- known poets in America during her day. http://www.lib.udel.edu/ud/spec/exhibits/treasures/american/wheatley.html • site info Phillis Wheatley: Precursor of American Abolitionism Phillis Wheatley : Precursor of American Abolitionism. Born in 1753 in Africa

20. One Being Brought From Africa To America - Phillis Wheatley - Poem Phillis Wheatley (17531784), http://www.poemhunter.com/p/m/poem.asp?poet=3107&poem=15449

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