1. Hristo Botev Translate this page Home_Page Hristo Botev (1848-1876), Poeta revolucionario búlgaro nacido en Kalofer,el más importante del periodo anterior a la liberación de Bulgaria. http://www.epdlp.com/botev.html

Hristo Botev P oeta revolucionario búlgaro nacido en Kalofer, el más importante del periodo anterior a la liberación de Bulgaria. Viajó a Odessa para completar sus estudios secundarios. A su vuelta dirigió los periódicos revolucionarios Budilnik y Zname. Su incesante activismo propagandístico encuentra su expresión en la literatura. Su poesía popular recuerda a Byron, Pushkin y Lermontov. En ella presenta a rebeldes que lucharon por la independencia, o a proscritos nobles que robaban a los ricos para entregar el botín a los pobres. Borba es una condena poética de la injusticia, y Mehanata satiriza a los políticos de café. En 1876, Botev regresó del exilio en Rumania y fue asesinado en el levantamiento antiotomano. © epdlp Textos: Compartiendo el botín Archivo Midi epdlp

2. Project Gutenberg: Authors List 1795. Botev, Hristo, 18481876 AKA Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876. Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876 AKA Botev, Hristo, 1848-1876 http://www.gwd50.k12.sc.us/PG-Authors.htm

This is Project Gutenberg. This list has been downloaded from: "The Official and Original Project Gutenberg Web Site and Home Page" http://promo.net/pg/ PROJECT GUTENBERG ETEXTS AUTHORS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER Last Updated: Monday 03 September 2001 by Pietro Di Miceli (webmaster@promo.net) The following etext have been released by Project Gutenberg. This list serves as reference only. For downloading books, please use our catalogs or search at: http://promo.net/pg/ Or check our FTP archive at: ftp://ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/ and etext subdirectories. For problems with the FTP archives (ONLY) email gbnewby@ils.unc.edu, be sure to include a description of what happened AND which mirror site you were using. THANKS for visiting Project Gutenberg. * (No Author Attributed) Abbott, David Phelps, 1863-1934 Abbott, Edwin Abbott, 1838-1926 AKA: Square, A Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot), 1805-1877 Adams, Andy, 1859-1935 Adams, Henry, 1838-1918 Adams, John Quincy, 1767-1848 Adams, Samuel, 1722-1803 Adams, William Taylor, 1822-1897 AKA: Optic, Oliver, 1822-1897

3. Bulgaria Bulgarian revolutionaries Hristo Botev and Vassil Levsky Commemorative Jeton of the Bulgarian National Revolution Hristo Botev (1848-1876), and Vassil Levsky (1837-1873) who http://www.damboulev.com/bulgaria1.htm

Bronze 'Sokol' Sports Union Jeton On 22 of April 1899 in the town of Rousse, Bulgaria was held an international athletes meeting organized by SOKOL sports organization of Bulgaria. This jeton commemorates the event, and was given to members and guests. Diameter 28 mm (1 1/8"). Bulgarian revolutionaries Hristo Botev and Vassil Levsky Commemorative Jeton Bronze jeton commemorating two heroes of the Bulgarian National Revolution - Hristo Botev (1848-1876), and Vassil Levsky (1837-1873) who fought against the Ottoman Turkish Empire for the liberation of Bulgaria. Diameter: 28 mm (1 1/16"). The capture of Vassil Levsky Czar Boris of Bulgaria Bronze Commemorative Jeton Obverse Czar Boris of Bulgaria holding a cross and a Bible. Inscription 'Boris Czar of Bulgaria'. Reverse In memory of 1000 years of his death. 907-1907. 20th of May. Diameter: 25 mm (1"). Czar Boris of Bulgaria Silver Commemorative Jeton Obverse Czar Boris of Bulgaria holding a cross and a Bible. Inscription 'Boris Czar of Bulgaria'. Reverse In memory of 1000 years of his death. 907-1907. 20th of May.

4. Listing Of Authors 17401795. Botev, Hristo, 1848-1876 AKA Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876. Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876 AKA Botev, Hristo, 1848-1876 http://www.e-text.worldwide-library.org/listing_of_authors.htm

This is www.e-text.worldwide-library.org the e-text control site of the Worldwide-Library organization Index site Home site UK2- Test Library Find out about the WWL ... Go to master site index Select section required Home page for this site Listing of authors e-texts we hold Other identified texts ... Texts we can't have Listing of authors Information Authors Editors and translators Links See the information page for a description of this table. A Abbott, David Phelps, 1863-1934 Abbott, Edwin Abbott, 1838-1926 AKA: Square, A Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot), 1805-1877 Adams, Andy, 1859-1935 Adams, Henry, 1838-1918 Adams, John Quincy, 1767-1848 Adams, Samuel, 1722-1803 Adams, William Taylor, 1822-1897 AKA: Optic, Oliver, 1822-1897 Addams, Jane, 1860-1935 Addison, Joseph, 1672-1719 Aesop, 620(?)B.C.-563(?)B.C. Aiken, Conrad Potter, 1889-1966 Aikman, William, 1824-1909 Ainsworth, William Harrison, 1805-1882

5. Project Gutenberg Adams, John Quincy, 17671848. Adams, Samuel, 1722-1803 Botev, Hristo, 1848-1876 AKA Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876. Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876 AKA Botev, Hristo, 1848-1876 http://surfsteve.bravepages.com/gutenberg/authors.htm

FREE WEB SITE HOSTING - 0catch.com/ Web Hosting Service Project Gutenberg Part 1 Authors Use Control-f to find keywords This is Project Gutenberg. This list has been downloaded from: "The Official and Original Project Gutenberg Web Site and Home Page" (http://promo.net/pg/) PROJECT GUTENBERG ETEXTS AUTHORS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER Last Updated: Saturday 30 March 2002 by Pietro Di Miceli (webmaster@promo.net) The following etext have been released by Project Gutenberg. This list serves as reference only. For downloading books, please use our catalogs or search at: http://promo.net/pg/ Or check our FTP archive at: ftp://ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/ and etext subdirectories. For problems with the FTP archives (ONLY) email gbnewby@ils.unc.edu, be sure to include a description of what happened AND which mirror site you were using. THANKS for visiting Project Gutenberg. * (No Author Attributed) A Young Girl Abbott, David Phelps, 1863-1934 Abbott, Edwin Abbott, 1838-1926 AKA: Square, A Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot), 1805-1877 Ackland, T. S. (Thomas Suter), 1817-1892

6. Hristo Botev Hristo Botev. / 18481876 /. Hristo Botev is a paragon of righteousness,freedom and human dignity. For just 28 years on the earth http://sites.schools-bg.net/Sofi-CBotev/hbotev.htm

Hristo Botev Hristo Botev is a paragon of righteousness, freedom and human dignity. For just 28 years on the earth he left a shining name in the history of the Bulgarian people. Botev was also an ardent journalist, a philosopher and an unforgettable poet. He is called the genius of Bulgarian literature for the music of his poetic style, the perfection of poetic form, the prophetic spirit and the universality of themes and ideas in his works. His ideology can best be summarized in his own words: "There is no power over the head who is ready to get off its shoulders in the name of the freedom and the good of humanity."

7. Vocational School Of Building And Architecture " Hristo Botev" 18481876. Copyright © 1997 Vocational School of Building and Architecture HristoBotev . E-mail STBOTEV1@bgcict.acad.bg Designed by © Krum Simeonov. http://sites.schools-bg.net/Sofi-CBotev/Def-en.htm

since 1909 SOFIA, BULGAIRA CHOOSE LANGUAGE: BULGARIAN ENGLISH E-mail: STBOTEV1@bgcict.acad.bg Designed by © Krum Simeonov.

8. Author Index 1938 Booth, William, 18291912 Borrow, George Henry, 1803-1881 Boswell, James, 1740-1795Botev, Hristo, 1848-1876 AKA Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876 Botev, KHristo http://www.worldwide-library.co.uk/Authors/author_index.htm

Home Author Title Topic ... Book Club The Worldwide Library making e-books available to everyone worldwide without charge now. How to use this library Book Club Index by Author Index by Title ... Sponsors Author Index Select the letter the authors surname begins with, or below in the editors and compilers index, to go to the listing of authors with this letter and then click on the authors name to see information on the author and what books they are known to have written. there are a number of authors with the same name, and in those cases the lifespan dates will help. Let us know of any errors you see. Authors A B C D ... Z Editors and compilers A B C D ... Z Authors A Abbott, David Phelps, 1863-1934 Abbott, Edwin Abbott, 1838-1926 AKA: Square, A Abbott, John S. C. (John Stevens Cabot), 1805-1877 Adams, Andy, 1859-1935 Adams, Henry, 1838-1918 Adams, John Quincy, 1767-1848 Adams, Samuel, 1722-1803

9. Project Gutenberg - Bibliographic Record Bibliographic Record. Help on this page. Data. Title Poems. Author Botev,KHristo. Author Alias Botev, Hristo, 18481876. Language Bulgarian. http://www.gutenberg.net/etext/2790

H ome P ersonalize Books A uthor: T itle Word(s): How To F ind Advanced ... ecent Books About Us D onate E vents ... ontacts In Depth V olunteering HO W ... ewsletters Bibliographic Record Help on this page Data Title: Poems Author: Botev, Khristo Author Alias: Botev, Hristo, 1848-1876 Language: Bulgarian LoC Class: Language and Literatures Slavic (including Russian), Languages and Literature Release Date: Aug 2001 Etext number: Notes: Our first Bulgarian book. Files File Type Download File Size Plain text ibiblio.org select mirror P2P network 40 KB Plain text (zipped) ibiblio.org select mirror P2P network 19 KB If you are located outside of the U.S. you may want to download from a mirror site located near you to improve performance. Permanently select a Mirror Site If you need a special character set, try our new recode facility (experimental) Edit this entry (Project Gutenberg staff only) Most recently updated: 2004-06-03 07:00:00.

10. OMDA\html\bulg\philatelia\Áîòåâ,ÿí,98 in commemoration of the 150th birthday anniversary of the Bulgarian poet of geniusand fighter for national liberation Hristo Botev (18481876) was validated http://www.omda.bg/engl/philatelia/Botev98.htm

THE 150th ANNIVERSARY OF HRISTO BOTEV’S BIRTH A postage stamp in commemoration of the 150th birthday anniversary of the Bulgarian poet of genius and fighter for national liberation Hristo Botev (1848-1876) was validated by the country’s post office administration on 6 January. Its author, Bogdan Mavrodinov, has used a very popular portrait of the poet by Boyan Petrov to make the design. The stamp, with a nominal value of 120 levs, measures 28.5 to 39 mm. Its perforation is notched, the circulation of the issue is 1 million. Together with the postage stamp an illustrated envelope and a special postmark have also been issued.

11. Hristo Botev - "Pianto Ridicolo" Translate this page PIANTO RIDICOLO. di Hristo Botev (1848-1876). Piangete per Parigi,la capitale della depravazione, della civiltà, la scuola dello http://www.bulgaria-italia.com/bg/info/poesia/hristo_botev_pianto_ridicolo.asp

Home Notizie Forum Club ... Cerca Utenti: online ( ) chat ( Conoscere la Bulgaria Arte e Cultura Arte in Bulgaria Biblioteca Cinema bulgaro Attrici ... Traci Città e Località Sofia Plovdiv Varna ... Koprivshtitza Economia Agricoltura Banche e Finanza Energia Fiere ... PopFolk e Chalga Valle delle Rose Vampiri Informazioni Mappa Inno Nazionale Scheda Paese Dizionario IT-BG ... Sport Politica e Governo Ambasciate Ambasciata di Bulgaria Ambasciata d'Italia Istituzioni ... Politica ed Elezioni Legislazione italiana Società Bulgari in Italia Diritti umani Informazione Modelle Bulgare ... Viaggio in Auto PIANTO RIDICOLO di HRISTO BOTEV Piangete per Parigi, la capitale della depravazione, della civiltà, la scuola dello spionaggio e della schiavitù; piangete, filantropi dei palazzi dei vampiri, dei grandi tiranni – dei monumenti della stupidità e della barbarie, costruiti con le teste tagliate di tanti antesignani, di tanti insigni pensatori e poeti, con le ossa rosicchiate di tanti martiri del pane quotidiano, - piangete! – i pazzi nessuno li può consolare, i furiosi nessuno li può calmare! Maledite i comunisti, che hanno rovinato la vostra capitale e sono morti con le parole, per voi, banditesche: libertà o morte, pane o piombo ! Sputate sui loro cadaveri e sui cadaveri di quelle vittime della civilizzazione che abbracciavate e che state abbracciando nelle vesti di vostre mogli, sorelle, madri e che oggi chiamate depravate furiose, perché hanno avuto ancora la forza di prendere il fucile e di salvarsi dai bordelli della corruzione !

12. History Of Orpheus' Land Map of the political districts of Bulgaria and where Bulgaria is located in the region. Vassil Levski(18371873), Lyuben Karavelov(1834-1879), Hristo Botev(1848-1876). In 1876 the "April Uprising" burst out http://www.orpheusland.com/hist1.html

13. Á Morgun Segir Sá Lati ....... : My Funny Motto var ljóðasafn eftir merkasta skáld okkar búlgara, Hristo Botev (18481876).Þess má geta að hæsti tindur í http://www.evita86.blogspot.com/2003_03_09_evita86_archive.html

get rid of this ad advertise here Á morgun segir sá lati ....... my funny motto Site navigation keepin´ it real ..... all that matters ! Bloggerz Einar> Oddur> Saja gella> Bjorkin> ... Beta> Archives Wednesday, March 12, 2003 Troubleshooting ... ég er í algerum vandræðum. ég veit, ég er örugglega ekki sú eina sem hef lent í þessu en ég er örugglega ein af þeim fáum sem þora að viðurkenna þetta. Málið er að ég er out of dömubindi, kláraði síðasta áðan. Þetta er náttúrulega alvarlegt mál. Engu að síður nenni ég ekki að skokka upp í 10-11 núna ......svo er þetta bara seinnitímavandamál hvorteð er. Ég hef verið að pæla hvað það væri asnalegt að banka upp á hjá nágrönnum sínum og biðja um túrtappa eða eitthvað !! ég meina ég mundi alveg gefa einhverri konu í neyð .....svo eru þeir hvort eð er alltaf að biðja okkur um upptakara. Af hverju get ég ekki bara spurt um Always ? Nahh ....hljómar asnalega .....kannski að ég fari frekar í næsta hús ....... posted by Eva at postCount('90605293'); Tuesday, March 11, 2003 Grætur ekki rómantíkina Eftir langa og ástríðufulla nótt ýtir hún frá sér votu lökunum, sest á stól við gluggakystuna og segir við hann :

14. Cultura De Bulgaria Translate this page La poesía popular de Hristo Botev (1848-1876) presenta a rebeldes que lucharonpor la independencia, oa proscritos nobles que robaban a los ricos para http://www.puente-e.com/Cul/pais/cul-bulgaria.html

Cultura de Bulgaria ACONTECIMIENTOS CULTURALES Trifon Zarezan El 1 de marzo Lazarouvane se celebra el 8 de diciembre. El Koledouvane En el En Pernik, durante el Festival Nacional de Koukeri y Sourvakari Se celebran El Festival de las Rosas se celebra con canciones y danzas populares en Kazanlak y Karlovo el primer domingo de junio. de Marzo se celebran anualmente en Ruse, seguidos por el Durante la primera semana de junio se celebra en Playa Soleada el Festival Internacional de Canciones Pop de Orfeo Dorado en Burgas. En julio se organiza el Festival de Verano de Varna, y el en Plovdiv. En octubre o noviembre, el Festival Laureado Katya Popova La Feria internacional de Muestras de Plovdiv Literatura Acuarela Escultura Pintura Cultura de Bulgaria

15. Index Translate this page Borrow, George Henry, 1803-1881 Gutenberg Boswell, James, 1740-1795 Gutenberg Botev,Hristo, 1848-1876 AKA Botev, KHristo, 1848-1876 Gutenberg Bourget, Paul http://www.elbooks.sk/angautB.html

Anglický autor pís. B Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871 Gutenberg Bacheller, Irving, 1859-1950. Gutenberg Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626 Gutenberg Bacon, John Mackenzie, 1846-1904 Gutenberg Badger, Joseph E., Jr, 1848- Gutenberg Baker, Ray Stannard, 1870-1946 AKA: Grayson, David, 1870-1946, Gutenberg Baker, Samuel White, Sir, 1821-1893 Gutenberg Ball, Hugo, 1886-1927 Gutenberg Ball, Robert S. (Robert Stawell), Sir, 1840-1913 Gutenberg Ballantyne, R. M. (Robert Michael), 1825-1894 Gutenberg Balzac, Honore de, 1799-1850 Gutenberg Bamford, Mary E. (Mary Ellen) Gutenberg Bancroft, Elizabeth Davis, 1803-1886 Gutenberg Bancroft, Hubert Howe, 1832-1918 Gutenberg Bangs, John Kendrick, 1862-1922 Gutenberg Bannerman, Helen, 1862-1946 Gutenberg Barber, H. (Horatio), 1875- Gutenberg Barber, Margaret Fairless, 1869-1901 AKA: Fairless, Michael, 1869-1901 Gutenberg Barbour, A. Maynard (Anna Maynard) Gutenberg Barclay, Florence L. (Florence Louisa), 1862-1921 Gutenberg Baring, Maurice, 1874-1945 Gutenberg Barker, Nettie Garmer Gutenberg Barr, Amelia E., Edith Huddleston, 1831-1919 Gutenberg Barrie, J. M. (James Matthew), 1860-1937

16. Selected Literatures And Authors Pages Hristo Botev (18481876). CHristo Botev; KHristo Bôtef. Hristo Botev. http://www.lib.vt.edu/subjects/slav/lit_authors.html

slavic, east european, and former USSR resources Selected Literatures and Authors Pages Index of Literatures General Literature Afghan Albanian Armenian ... Other General Literature Sites General Literature Web Sites SIL International . (Formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics). The Internet Poetry Archive The Internet Medieval Sourcebook . Includes literature-related pages. Covers Byzantium, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, Muslim Persia, etc. South Slavic Literature Library . By Borut Maricic. Islamic Arts - Islamic Literatures . From Britannica.com. The Arabic Christian Literature Borderland . Where two people of borderland come together, you will hear three voices singing. Overheard on the river Bug. General Authors Web Sites Welcome to the Nobel Literature Roundup Polemical Prize . By James Atlas. About the supposed occasional politicization of Nobel Literature Prize Awards. Back to Index Afghan Literature and Authors Literature Web Sites Language . From Gran Hewad Afghanistan . A page on the languages spoken in Afghanistan. The Pashto Language . From The Khyber Gateway Afghan Poets Famous Poets of Afghanistan . From Afghan Network Hewad [Pashto/ Afghan] Poetry Pashto Poetry in Real Audio format . From

17. Bulgarian Art - Www.art.bg Presents: Literature Lyuben Karavelov (18351879) and Hristo Botev (1848-1876) were both ferventrevolutionaries and colossi of Bulgarian poetry and prose. http://www.art.bg/lit.htm

Literature poetry prose periodicals publishing houses site's structure home page e-mail BULGARIAN LITERATURE Bulgarian literature does not have a smooth and uninterrupted development. The most significant period in its history lasted four centuries. On the other hand, however, the most prminent representatives of the Bulgarian literature were often preachers, spiritual and revolutionary leaders, advocates of the National Liberation, freedom and democracy. Bulgarian literature is felt to be an integrative part of the building the national consciousness, confidence and dignity. In the Middle Ages Bulgarian literature had already had a history of over a thousand years. The eleventh-century jubilee was recently celebrated of the special alphabet, called Glagolisa, which was used for the translation of the Gospel into Slavic. In 863 the clergyman Constantine the Philosopher, whose secular name was Cyril , was assigned by the Byzantine authorities to spread the sacred Byzantine books to Moravia in the language of its native population. In 869 after Cyril's death, his brother Methodius continued his noble task. The alphabet named after Cyril was a later revision of

18. Découvrez La Bulgarie Avec Www.fil-info-france.com Translate this page 1867) qui élabore un plan pour libérer la Bulgarie, suivi par Vasil Levski (1837-1873)et Ljuben Karavelov (1834-1879), Hristo Botev (1848-1876), poète et http://www.fil-info-france.com/7bulgarie.htm

WEBMASTERS FIL INFO N° 1 GRATUIT ! PARIS,QUOTIDIEN,ACTUALITE,INFO,MONDE,PARIS,MAIRIE,IMMOBILIER,SMS,GRATUIT,ANNUAIRE,INVERSE,ECARD,JUSTICE,PS,AVOCAT ACCUEIL Bienvenue INDEX GENERAL INFO ... SOUMETTRE UN SITE ANNUAIRE BULGARIE COMMENT DEVENIR CORRESPONDANT (E) DE PRESSE BENEVOLE ! SOMMAIRE + [Pages Info] Administration Capitale Chronologie politique ... Membre de ClickFR, Reseau francophone Paie-Par-Click LA BULGARIE Nom officiel République de Bulgarie (en bulgare : Bàlgarija) Administration Le pays est divisé en communes, dirigées par des maires (kmet). Depuis 1987, 8 régions ont été créées Montana, Plovdiv, Razgrad, Burgas, Khaskovo, Lovech, Sofia et Varna), plus la commune urbaine de Sofia, qui remplacent les 28 départements créés en 1959. Capitale Sofia Chronologie politique (et historique) Premiers occupants : les Thraces (peuple indo-européen). Nombreuses tribus : les Odryses, Peuple de la Mésie, Besses...

19. GEOGRAFÍA - PAÍSES - EUROPA: Bulgaria - 2ª Parte Translate this page que marcó el despertar nacionalista, corriente que dominó el siglo XIX, encarnadaprincipalmente por la figura del poeta Hristo Botev (1848-1876), muerto en http://www.iespana.es/natureduca/geog_paisesEU_bulgaria2.htm

Geografía PAÍSES - EUROPA Bulgaria - 2ª parte Fuente: Registro Enciclopédico Vox Historia Instituciones Literatura Arte ... Cine istoria... Los primeros asentamientos que se conocen en territorio búlgaro tuvieron lugar en la Tracia durante el Paleolítico Superior. Las grandes civilizaciones antiguas dejaron su huella: Filipo de Macedonia fundó Filípolis, actual Plovdiv; los griegos establecieron colonias en la costa (Varna, Nesevar, Soxopol) y los romanos (siglo I a C) ocuparon la región convirtiéndola en provincia romana (Mesia), que fue dividida por Domiciano para hacer frente al empuje bárbaro. La Mesia Inferior corresponde a la extensión actual de Bulgaria. La infiltración eslava empezó en el siglo VI y fue seguida por la de los protobúlgaros, de origen turcomongol, que llegaron hasta el Danubio y continuaron con la implantación de su primer dominio búlgaro hasta el siglo XV. Fueron las tribus del Bajo Danubio las que se adentraron hasta los Balcanes, llegando a sitiar Constantinopla. La conquista de territorio búlgaro no terminó hasta la ocupación de Serdica (809), al mando de Krum, cuyo hijo obtuvo de los bizantinos el valle del Marica y el Ródope, sumando más adelante la zona próxima a Albania. En el siglo IX la organización tribal fue sustituida por otra estatal promovida por Boris I, en vistas a la conquista de Constantinopla. La conversión al cristianismo griego y la adopción del alfabeto cirílico confirmaron el impulso civilizador, continuado por su hijo Simeón (893-927), agente de la constitución de una Gran Bulgaria que llegó sitiar Constantinopla (897). Su imperio incluía Servia, Bosnia oriental, parte del litoral Adriático, Macedonia y Tracia. A su muerte, las disensiones internas debilitaron el país, que fue ocupado por rusos y luego por bizantinos. El dominio bizantino duró 150 años y se caracterizó por la dura represión de las revueltas de los pueblos invadidos. La reconquista tuvo lugar en el siglo XII, progresando en la recuperación de territorios hasta hacer de Bulgaria la primera potencia de los Balcanes bajo el reinado de Juan III Asen II, época que también supuso un progreso económico (desarrollo del comercio y nacimiento de la industria).

20. REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA - COUNCIL OF MINISTERS movement and national hero; Lyuben Karavelov (18341879) - writer and journalist,leader and ideologist of the movement; Hristo Botev (1848-1876) - poet and http://www.government.bg/English/Bulgaria/History/

Thursday, 3 June 2004 21:47 Back Print History and Culture The territory of Bulgaria has been inhabited since the earliest historical times: the Stone Age and the Chalcolithic Age. Archaeological discoveries from that time have been made near Karlovo, in the region of the towns of Nova Zagora, Veliko Turnovo, Vidin, Sofia, Teteven, Troyan and in the Rhodope Mountains. The oldest gold treasure in the world, discovered near Varna, is dated to that time. During the Bronze Age the present-day Bulgarian lands were inhabited by the Thracians, mentioned for the first time by Homer. They were engaged in agriculture and stockbreeding, and left evidence of a rich culture (the Vulchitrun gold treasure). The first Thracian state unions emerged in the 11th-6th centuries BC, which flourished in the 7th-6th centuries BC. In the 1st century BC their lands were conquered by Rome, and after the 5th century AD they were incorporated in the Byzantine Empire. The Thracians were later gradually assimilated by the Slavs who settled in the Balkan Peninsula in the 6th century AD. In the second half of the 7th century, the Proto-Bulgarians - an ethnic community of Turkic origin - settled on the territory of the present-day Northeastern Bulgaria. In alliance with the Slavs they formed the Bulgarian State, which was recognised by the Byzantine Empire in 681 AD. Khan Asparouh stood at the head of that state and Pliska was made its capital.

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