61. Ethnologue Sierra Leone Dialects NORTHERN LIMBA (WARAWARA, KEWOYA-yaka), SOUTHERN LIMBA (BIRIWA-SAROKO-KALANTUBA-SUNKO). The people are 6% literate. indigenous script. http://www.christusrex.org/www3/ethno/Sier.html

62. SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY--TO BE CONTD--AAAS 342 of divinatory utterance in the yaka milieu (Zaire). Gaba , Christian R. Scriptures of an African people. gifts and diversities of indigenous African Churches http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/avorgbedor1/342bib1.htm

ASSIGNMENTS, HANDOUTS Caveat: Stay with the top items that are current with SPIRNG 04 class: SPRING Assignment 1 (March-April): TAKE A TOUR OF AFRICAN MUSIC FROM HERE (BBC SITE) Make sure you scroll down the page to choose a region, instrument, etc.) 04 WHAT TO PREPARE FOR QUIZ 2 DUE WED MAY 26 PREPARING FOR MID-TERM ON MAY 10 Reading ASSIGNMENT/QUESTIONS FOR WEEK 5 ... Reading ASSIGNMENT/QUESTIONS FOR WEEK 3-4 FOR FINAL EXAMS, AAAS 342 WHAT TO PREPARE FOR Define 15 of the following 20 terms, one sentence each: DIVINATION SHANGO ANTHROPOMORHISM GLOSSOLALIA NEOPHYTE FLAGELLATION COWRIE SYNCRETISM REINCARNATION LIMINAL ANIMISM PANTHEON JÙJÚ SYMBOL [in relation to a SIGN] THRESHOLD SYMBOLIC INVERSION SUFISM TUMBUKA EWE YORUBA Drawing on specific examples discussed in class and also from chapter A: Give detailed examples of how the Yeve/shango religion, regulations, and membership rituals and beliefs illustrate the classic ideas of SEPARATION, TRANSITION REINTEGRATION B: In at least three sentences describe how MUSIC/MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS/COSTUME are closely identified with (or make unique) Yeve/Shango A: List FIVE of the African features found in COGIC, as summarized in pp. 176-177.

63. African Statues, Sculptures, Figures, Fetishes Westernstyle nuclear family, and indigenous movements aimed The Bakongo/Kongo people created the famous nail The yaka figures contain the magical substances http://www.vub.ac.be/BIBLIO/nieuwenhuysen/african-art/african-art-collection-sta

64. African Spirituality virtualisation involved is that all people involved, also parallels among the North American indigenous population; cf et le devin dans la culture yaka au Zaïre http://www.meta-religion.com/World_Religions/Articles/african_spirituality.htm

to promote a multidisciplinary view of the religious, spiritual and esoteric phenomena. About Us Links Search Contact ... Back to World Religions Religion sections World Religions New R. Groups Ancient Religions Spirituality ... Extremism Science sections Archaeology Astronomy Linguistics Mathematics ... Contact The Web Metareligion More sections: Subscribe to the Metareligion Newsletter Submit your site Banners Index ... Polls Please, help us sustain this free site online. Make a donation using Paypal: African Spirituality an approach from intercultural philosophy Wim van Binsbergen From: http://www.geocities.com/africanreligion/spirit.htm 1. Introduction[i] Very recently, I brought together in one website[ii] a considerable number of my papers on African religion as written over the years, also in preparation for a book largely to consist of the same material. This has made me reflect on the very topic Mudimbe invited me in vain to write on. The present argument may ultimately, in more final form, serve towards the introduction of my book in the making, and this is another incentive to write it. The extensive references to my own published work merely serve to cover as many as possible of the articles to be included in the prospective book.

65. ICCAF - Sudan - News April 2002 alleged forcible displacement of the indigenous population from every place we visited, the people spoke with Commander Peter Gadeat yaka of the Western Upper http://www.web.net/~iccaf/humanrights/sudaninfo/newsapril02.htm

KAIROS-Africa Sudan News April 2002 "War raging" Around Southern Oil-Fields Serious military engagements are occurring between government of Sudan forces and the rebel Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) in western Upper Nile (or Unity/Wahdah State) and northern Bahr al-Ghazal, in the south of the country, according to humanitarian sources. Sudan Old habits Die Hard If the recent political goings-on in Khartoum are any guide, then the country's ruling Islamic generals have resumed their commitment to the international Islamic movement by offering to set up camps to train Sudanese Islamic fighters and other international brigades to fight a Jihad (holy war) in the Middle East. UN Narrowly Adopts Human Rights Resolution The resolution expressed deep concern at the negative role of undisciplined militias armed by the Sudanese government and of the rebel Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A), the use of children as soldiers, forced displacement, arbitrary detention, torture, and summary and arbitrary executions. A Forgotten People, a Forgotten War

66. :: Brokenhill.Co.Zm - To Live, To Love, To Live A Legacy :: when the rewards in our own indigenous music were who interacted with many kinds of people in his A Phiri anabwera), Julizya Band (Tai yaka), Simon Hamuchemba http://www.brokenhill.co.zm/26/obituary_chris_chali.shtml

To Live, To Love, To Leave A Legacy ORBITUARY Home News ... Contact CHRIS CHALI I wish to pay tribute to a fallen hero, our very own Chris Chali of the Amayenge Cultural Ensemble. None other than Chris himself founded Amayenge. The Group became one of the best-known ambassadors of Zambia through their vibrant indigenous music. They took The United States of America by storm and mesmerised the Russians not far from the Red Square in Moscow. Their Kalindula music vibrated as many a patron gyrated in Zambia and beyond. Yes, the Amayenge became a national cum regional household name. Chris Chali motivated and inspired his recruits and initiates into Amayenge Cultural Ensemble when the rewards in our own indigenous music were peanuts. Yes, over the years a prophet has been recognised in his own land, so was Chris. He composed music in all the Zambian languages and translated it into vocal vibrations that few would fail to respond to. He took the Amayenge to all corners of the country either through hundreds and thousands of live shows or on cassette and compact disc. We remember "Ba Helena", "Ten Kwacha", "Munise Munise", "Fili uko Tuleya" and dozens of new compositions.

67. News1 is a mighty move of God amongst the indigenous forest people church a month among the Yako Hojo people of Bandundu one church a month among the yaka Holo people http://www.wheelsforgod.org.za/newsletters/news01.htm

PO Box 6, Parow 7500 1st Edition Pygmies receive the (Democratic Republic of Congo) RING-A-DING-DING. Some 109 years ago, the bicycle won it's right to the road in Britain. In 1888 Parliament passed an Act whereby every bicycle had to be fitted with a bell. According to this law the bell had to he rung at all times while the bike was in motion. Of course, the reasoning behind the law was to warn pedestrians of possible oncoming danger in the form of a two wheel contraption. Today, in large parts of Africa, some 700 bicycles are out there sounding their bells... forJesus. Who are these "bell evangelists"? Where do they come from? What inspired them to preach the Gospel by bicyle? It all started in September 1995 when Pastor Raymond Lombard of Cape Town was moved by the Holy Spirit to initiate a project that would ultimately reach every home, family, tribe, clan and village throughout Africa with the Gospel of Christ. From then on, there was no stopping this project.

68. African Art Mask you tromp or ceremonial horn; Bayaka mask; Lobi body, African masks are mobile in their indigenous settings, country Mali; people Dogon; medium Wood, raffia http://www.world-art-resources.com/african_art_mask.html

World-Art-Resources.com The World's Largest Art-Related Link Directory! Affiliate Program Advertising HOME World-Art-Resources.com Recommended Searches... art fantasy art african art art supply ... japanese art 91 Related Web Resources - > Shop for African Art Masks at Novica Shop for world art and home décor at Novica. Connect with world artists of handcrafted home décor, unique jewelry, and original art from Asia, Africa, and Latin America. http://www.novica.com The Art of the African Mask http://cti.itc.virginia.edu/~bcr/African_Mask.html Detroit Institute of Arts : Permanent Collection - AONWC: African ... Mask. Early 19th century; Angola, Chokwe; Wood, hemp; height 20 cm (8 in.); Bequest of W. Hawkins Ferry; 1988.193 The Chokwe of Angola http://www.dia.org/collections/aonwc/africanart/1988.193.html Detroit Institute of Arts : Permanent Collection - AONWC: African ... Mask (Ngaady-a-Mwash). height 82 cm (32 1/2 in.); Founders Society Purchase, Mr. and Mrs. Allan Shelden III Fund, funds from the Friends of African Art and the http://www.dia.org/collections/aonwc/africanart/1992.215.html

69. Notoratie R., 1994, Ndembu, Luunda and yaka divination compared Christian, Greek, Islamic, Jewish, indigenous and Asian of Greek philosophy, but the people of North http://www.shikanda.net/general/gen3/notorati.htm

Notes to 'Cultures do not exist' text (Dutch) of inaugural lecture intercultural philosophy 1999 Wim van Binsbergen Main text homepage book offer Notes 2 De 'Christelijke' of 'algemene' jaartelling (Engels: common era) is een hegemonisch Noordatlantisch concept waarvan ik door middel van dit woordje 'onze' het particularisme eens voor al aangeef. Zoals bij zoveel hegemonische concepten verraadt het zich juist door een ongefundeerde maar 'vanzelfsprekende' claim van universalisme. 4 In laatste instantie gaat het hier om een impliciete universaliteitsclaim door de individuele drager van de 'cultuur', reeds door Kant onderkend toen hij stelde dat wie iets mooi vindt, er vanzelfsprekend van uitgaat dat dat dan mooi is voor iedereen; Kant, I., 1983, Kritik der Urteilskraft, in deel VIII van: Kant, I., Werke in zehn Bänden, Weischedel, W., red., Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, pp. 233-620. Cf. Oosterling, H.A.F., in voorbereiding, red., Sensus communis, Amsterdam/Atlanta: Rodopi, waarin: Binsbergen, W.M.J van, 1997, 'Sensus communis or sensus dissensionis?: A critique of Kant's concept inspired by a social science approach to expressive symbolic production'. 5 Die van de 'politiek van erkenning'; cf. Taylor, C., 1992, Multiculturalism and 'the politics of recognition', Princeton: University of Princeton Press.

70. Cultures Do Not Exist Part V R., 1994, ‘Ndembu, Luunda and yaka divination compared of Greek philosophy, but the people of North H., 1990b, ed., Sage philosophy indigenous thinkers and http://www.shikanda.net/general/gen3/invoeg_15_mei_99/cultures5.htm

Part V. References cited homepage References cited Liber Amicorum A.A. Trouwborst: Antropologische essays , Nijmegen: Instituut voor Culturele Antropologie, pp. 3-24. De maat van de techniek: Zes filosofen over techniek: Gunter Anders, Jacques Ellul, Arnold Gehlen, Martin Heidegger, Hans Jonas en Lewis Mumford , Baarn: Ambo. Ethos Ahmad, A., 1992, In theory: Classes, nations and literatures , London: Verso. Albright, W.F., 1966, The proto-Sinaitic inscriptions and their decipherment , Harvard: Harvard University Press. Amselle, J.-L., 1990, , Paris: Payot. Amselle, J.-L., 2001, , Paris: Flammarion , Paris: La Découverte. Appadurai, A., 1997, Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization , Delhi etc.: Oxford University Press; first published 1996, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Appiah, K.A., 1992, Times Literary Supplement , 12 February, pp. 24-25. Asad, T., 1973, ed., Anthropology and the colonial encounter , London: Ithaca. Asante, M.K., 1990, Kemet, afrocentricity, and knowledge , Trenton (N.J.): Africa World.

71. Dr. Walter Andritzky Translate this page in a Healing Community for People with Cancer in Nepal * L. Yang-ching Cheng indigenous Chinese Psychotherapy The Birth of Uterine Discourse (yaka, Congo) • E http://www.andritzky-online.de/IIKT_jahrbuch.htm

(IIKT) Verlag: * Publisher Besselstr. 13 * D-10969 Berlin *Tel. +49 (0) 30-2510415 *Fax: +49 (0) 30-2511136 Herausgeber: * Editor Dr. Walter Andritzky Sprachen: * Language of Publication Englisch und Deutsch * German and English Bibliographische Angaben: * Bibliography Preise: (zzgl. Versandkosten) * Prices: (plus shipping) Einzelband: DM 68,00 (vol. 1992:DM 88,00) * Single copy: DM 68,00 (vol. 1992: DM 88,00)Einzelband im Abonnement: DM 58,00 (vol. 1992: DM 78,00) * Annual subscription: DM 58,00 (vol. 1992: DM 78,00) Herausgeberbeirat: * Editorial Board Publikationssprache: Deutsch und Englisch Yearbook of Cross-Cultural Medicine and Psychotherapy This yearbook series is an organ of the International Institute of Cross-Cultural Therapy Research and its scientific board. The series emphasizes articles concerning research on the functional and practically relevant aspects of ethnic and alternative healing methods. This topic is highly relevant for developing countries in need of criteria for their health care planning programs: the research can help determine where western medicine and psychotherapy are necessary and where the indigenous healing knowledge and practices are sufficient and can be supported or revitalized. In addition, the study of ethnic and alternative healing methods also becomes important for reforming the health systems in industrial countries. They can provide economically efficient alternatives and correspond to scientific findings emphasizing the role of psychosocial and psychosomatic healing factors. Within this framework the study of complex healing rituals becomes a focus of interest.

72. BANTU LANGUAGES a somewhat archaic Bantu dialect, indigenous probably to are colonies of Swahilispeaking people at Mombasa Kwango (Babuma, Bahuana, Bambata, Ba-yaka, Bakutu, c http://55.1911encyclopedia.org/B/BA/BANTU_LANGUAGES.htm

BANTU LANGUAGES BANTU LANGUAGES. The greater part of Africa south of the equator possesses but one linguistic family so far as its native inhabitants are concerned. This clearly-marked division of human speech has been entitled the Bantu, a name invented by Dr W. H. I. Bleek, and it is, on the whole, the fittest general term with which to designate the most remarkable group of African languages. 2 From this statement are excepted those tongues classified as semi-Bantu. In some languages of the Lower Niger and of the Gold Coast the word for fowl is generally traceable to a root kuba. This form kuba also enters the Cameroon region, where it exists alongside of -koko. Kuba may have arisen independently, or have been derived from the Bantu kuku. etymology of word-roots is concerned. Further evidence of slight etymological and even grammatical relationships may be traced as far west as the lower Niger and northern and western Gold Coast languages (and, in some word-roots, the Mandingo group). The Fula language would offer some grammatical resemblance if its suffixes were turned into prefixes (a change which has actually taken place in the reverse direction in the English language between its former Teutonic and its modern Romanized conditions; cf. offset and set-off, upstanding and standing-up ). The legends and traditions of the Bantu peoples themselves invariably point to a northern origin, and a period, not wholly removed from their racial remembrance, when they were strangers in their present lands. Seemingly the Bantu, somewhat early in their migration down the east coast, took to the sea, and not merely occupied the islands of Pemba and Zanzibar, but travelled as far afield as the Comoro archipelago and even the west coast of Madagascar. Their invasion of Madagascar must have been fairly considerable in numbers, and they doubtless gave rise to the race of black people known traditionally to the Hovas as the. Va-zimba.

73. African Art Course Slide List - Bowles Metropolitan Mus., NY (M41). indigenous West African women. ca. 1970s. Kongo. Nail Fetish figure. Vili or Yombe people, Kongo. Zaire. yaka Fetish. c.1890. http://members.aol.com/GRBowles/art-hist/af-slide-list.html

African Art Slide List (no images shown) Personal Slide Library of Gerard Bowles July 1999 I now have 709 African art slides. Of these 542 are African (incl. Egypt-Nubian), 117 Egyptian (non-Nubian), and 47 African American introduction slides. This page lists the African, Egypt-Nubian, African American introduction, and a few of Western art influenced by African art. This page does not list my Egyptian non-Nubian slides, and additional African American and African European slides, which are on different lists. In addition to the above slides, I show additional works or art on the 20 videotapes I have on African art and related culture, and art processes. The timeframes of these tapes range from approximately 15 to 90 minutes. I plan to write a Web page of notes on these tapes. In teaching African art, I use all or part of these slides, videotapes, and other materials, depending on the nature and purpose of the course, and the course's place in the institution's curriculum. This list divides the continent into three geographic divisions, North, East and Southern, West, and Central. Each division is subdivided by traditional, crafts, and neo-African art as recent as 1999. The list concludes with African-influenced art and crafts, and an introduction to African American art if the latter is appropriate. Use your Web browser's search engine to find a specific artist, title of work, type of art, people, culture, society, town, country, or continental division.

74. Wakaya Club: Fiji Islands: Romantic Wakaya Club Vacations, Wakaya Club Honeymoon handwoven bamboo wallcovering and gleaming yaka plank floors. Native songfests and weekly indigenous dances accompany the 5 nights, Maximum 6 people Note All http://www.travelwizard.com/fiji/WakayaClub_Overview.html

Wakaya Club: Fiji islands: Wakaya Club Activities, Wakaya Club Scuba Diving Site Index Romantic Wakaya Club, Fiji Islands Weddings and Honeymoons Wakaya Club, Fiji Luxury Vacation, Travel and Cruise Consultants Wakaya Club Resort Fiji Vacations, call 1-415-662-2683 to book. Open every day! Fiji Luxury Travel Guides TravelWizard Fiji Featured Resort: Cousteau Resort Fiji Five Star Resorts Turtle Island Resort Wakaya Club Cousteau Resort Namale Resort ... Kaimbu Fiji Four Star Resorts Castaway Island Hideaway Resort Lalati Resort Lucala Fiji Forbes ... Vomo Island Resort Fiji Three Star Resorts Central Pacific Harbor Centra Suva Crusoe's Retreat First Landing ... Wananavu Resort Wakaya Club: Overview Wakaya Club, Wakaya Club weddings, Wakaya club scuba diving, Wakaya Club honeymoons, Wakaya Club romantic vacations. We have just returned from a wonderful personal inspection of the Wakaya Club. Words cannot describe the beauty of this enchanting tropical paradise. It fulfills the great South Pacific romantic legend. The stress and urgency of modern life fades away as you lounge in one of only nine beach-front Bures - authentic Fijian thatched roof cottages. Stroll in the surf at sunset, take a tranquil walk through the forest, alive with deer, wild horses and all manner of colorful, exotic flora and fauna. Or take in a challenging round of golf, tennis or scuba diving before an elegant gourmet dinner prepared by one of our four chefs.

75. Eugenio Matibag Calabar City on the Cross River has its own indigenous name, Obyo 167f.) is that Bakongo people had already begun to be missionized by Ediciones yaka, La Habana http://www.afrocubaweb.com/eugeniomatibag.htm

AfroCubaWeb Review of "Afro-Cuban Religious Experience" RELIGIÓN AFROCUBANA Y SOCIEDAD CIVIL , Jiribilla, 2001 Eugenio Matibag Iowa State University Eugenio Matibag is a professor at Iowa State and the author of Afro-Cuban Religious Experience: Cultural Reflections in Narrative , which is reviewed by the linguist and africanist Victor Manfredi below. Review of Afro-Cuban Religious Experience: Cultural Reflections in Narrative Afro-Cuban Religious Experience: Cultural Reflections in Narrative by Eugenio Matibag University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 1996. Pp. xviii, 300; 12 illustrations. $49.95 sewn hardcover. Reviewed by Victor Manfredi, African Studies Center, Boston University, 2002 manfredi@bu.edu Note: for technical reasons, the accent marks indicating linguistic tone have been omitted from this text. The other main diacritic of Nigerian languages is the subdot, which can occur beneath vowels and [s]; here the subdot appears in an expedient form: as a period following the letter to which it applies, for example in the name "O.s.un." A typographically integral version of the file will be posted as soon as these issues can be resolved. Written literature that draws on oral tradition needs linguistic commentary. This is not a simple matter, because there's more than one route from spoken source to printed page. Some alternatives are: direct continuity in the first language (Fagunwa¹s novels, cf. Bamgbos.e 1973, 1975); calquing in a second language (Achebe's Things Fall Apart, cf.

76. Catalogue Q176 indigenous and many of the naturalised nonindigenous species of the new order, who are the people that serve GARA-yaka S DOMAIN A study of cheetah and other http://www.fables.co.za/q176.html

Home Back to catalogues page FABLES BOOKSHOP 119 High Street, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa. Telephone / Facsimile:+27-046-622-2474 Email: xmail("aesop","fables.co.za"); Africana Catalogue Q176 May 2003 Items have since been sold from this catalogue. We can try to source any Africana titles that you want from other local dealers, whether shown in this catalogue or not. Notes Brief Terms and Conditions at the end of this catalogue. All items subject to prior sale Subscribe to our catalogues Abbreviations used in our catalogues FABLES BOOKSHOP * Ian Balchin. Proprietor. * Specialists in books from Africa * Books mailed worldwide * Email: xmail("aesop","fables.co.za"); * 119 High Street * Grahamstown * South Africa Founder Member of Southern African Book Dealers Association (SABDA) * Shop telephone/fax-on-request: +27-(0)46-636-1525 * Office telephone/fax-on-request : +27-(0)46-622-2474 Generally: Email to reserve any item Payment by GBP check or US$ equivalent. now accepted INDEX General Africana Subjects ANTHROPOLOGY ARTS, PHOTOGRAPHY, ARCHITECTURE

77. AnthroGlobe Bibliography: Time SpaceTime The Case of the yaka of Zaire indigenous Ideas of Order, Time, and Transition in a New of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic People. http://coombs.anu.edu.au/Biblio/biblio_time1.html

The World-Wide Web Virtual Library Alphabetical Category Subtree WWW VL database WWW VL Global Search Bibliography of Time by Robert Lawless robert.lawless@wichita.edu Last updated: 07 Dec 2000 This document is a part of a larger collection of the AnthroGlobe specialist bibliographies. It forms a subsection of the Asian Studies WWW VL and Pacific Studies WWW VL Do you have any corrections or addenda to this bibliography? If so, contact the Editor at the email address listed above. Your input will be gratefully received and acknowledged. Bibliography of Time A B C D ... P Q R S T U ... W X Y Z A Return to Top of this page B Return to Top of this page C Return to Top of this page D Return to Top of this page E Return to Top of this page F Return to Top of this page G Return to Top of this page H Return to Top of this page Return to Top of this page Return to AnthroGlobe Bibliographies page Return to AnthroGlobe e-journal Page maintained by: Dr T.Matthew Ciolek tmciolek@coombs.anu.edu.au Visitors may download one copy for personal academic use. Otherwise, it is forbidden to copy the contents of this bibliography in any format, print or otherwise, unless prior permission is obtained from the above-mentioned Centre. All rights other than those expressed above are reserved URL: http://coombs.anu.edu.au/Biblio/biblio_time1.html

78. Vigilance Soudan command center, by Peter Gatdet yaka, a commander the North), access by displaced people to available oil development are accruing to indigenous communities in http://www.vigilsd.org/Petrol/rep1001.html

Petrol Report of an investigation into Oil Development, conflict and displacement in Western Upper Nile, Sudan, October 2001 The investigation, funded by Canadian and British non-governmental organizations, was conducted between April 8 and 27 by Georgette Gagnon, an international human rights lawyer and member of the Canadian government-sponsored Harker mission that visited Sudan in December 1999, and John Ryle, an Africa specialist and author of various studies on Sudan. INDEX 1.0 SUMMARY 2.0 INTRODUCTION 3.0 ACCESS TO INFORMATION and ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 4.0 LAND AND PEOPLE IN WESTERN UPPER NILE 5.0 SOURCES OF CONFLICT IN WESTERN UPPER NILE 6.0 GOVERNMENT OF SUDAN USE OF TRIBAL MILITIAS 7.0 HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF THE WAR 8.0 THE WAR IN WESTERN UPPER NILE 9.0 VIEWS FROM RURAL AREAS 10.0 OIL DEVELOPMENT AND CONFLICT 11.0 THE ROLE OF OIL COMPANIES IN THE WAR 12.0 CONCLUSIONS 13.0 APPENDICES 1.0 SUMMARY This report documents and places into context an intensification of armed attacks on civilians in key areas of Sudan’s contested oil region in Western Upper Nile during 2000 and 2001. The attacks were carried out by Government of Sudan (GoS) forces and local pro-government militias and by rebel forces of, or aligned with, the Sudan Peoples’ Liberation Army (SPLA) and the Sudan Peoples’ Democratic Front / Defence Force(SPDF). A significant new development in the period 2000-2001 is a higher number of direct attacks on civilians by the armed forces of the Government of Sudan. The report concentrates on the operational area of the Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company(GNPOC), the oil consortium that comprises the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), Petronas Carigali (the national petroleum company of Malaysia, or its subsidiary Petronas Carigali Overseas Sudan Berhad), Sudapet (the Sudan state petroleum company) and Canada’s Talisman Energy (Talisman). As note din the preliminary report of this mission, the investigators found that there was an increase in the number ofrecorded helicopter gunship attacks on settlements in or near this area. Some of these gun ships have operated from facilities built, maintained and used by the oil consortium. The attacks are part of what appears to be are newed Government of Sudan strategy to displace indigenous non-Arab inhabitants from specific rural areas of the oil region in order to clear and secure territory for oil development.

79. Syllabus HSSC305 and Traditional Organization of indigenous Healers in Recommended readings Juhani Koponen, People and Production in Healing Cult among the yaka (University of http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/hss2/hss/courses/hss305.html

About Faculty Undergraduate Graduate ... Links HSS 305:Health and Healing in Modern Africa Last Taught: Spring 1996, Dr. Steven Feierman The complexity of this story makes it a difficult one to grasp, for it is built on the history of local African religions and of biological processes, of diverse child- rearing practices and of farming patterns, of divination techniques and of health bureaucracies. Because of the difficulty of knowing this story, it will be told as a connected whole only in lectures. The readings are devoted to three case studies, so that students can learn about culture and history in some detail in a few places. By building detailed understandings of local patterns students will acquire the knowledge with which to evaluate the history told in lectures. Grading: Zulu paper 20% Disease ecology exam 15% Zambia paper 25% Final exam 20% Classroom participation 20% Course Outline Lecture Topics are Tentative Part I: Zulu Healing Week 1. January 16, 18

80. FILIP DE BOECK & RENE DEVISCH of exegetical meaning, from questioning indigenous informants about relationships between bodies, people and the Ngoombu Divination Paraphernalia of the yaka. http://www.era.anthropology.ac.uk/Era_Resources/Era/Divination/boeck.html

Jrnl Rel Afr. XXIV, 2 (1994), E.J. Brill, Leiden Ndembu, Luunda and Yaka Divination Compared: From Representation and Social Engineering to Embodiment and Worldmaking by (The University of Leuven, Belgium) CONTENTS The meaning of Turner's 'meaning' Divination among Ndembu The finality of the social drama: A critique from Luunda and Yaka divination The cognitive and discursive character of the social drama: A further critique ... Bibliography Victor Turner's superb ethnography, his virtuoso symbolic analysis, and innovative theoretical developments, have inspired thought-provoking perspectives in the approach to ritual action and social drama in many areas of cultural analysis, whether it be anthropology, the history of religion, literature, or theatre (cf Ashley 1990; Deflem 1991; Moore and Reynolds 1984). That we are capable of engaging in an intergenerational dialogue, or trialogue-to paraphrase James Clifford (1988)-and of comparing our own field data to his own, is a tribute to Turner the ethnographer, and bears witness to the solidness of his Ndembu data. This study deals with the Ndembu of northern Zambia, and the neighbouring Luunda and Yaka of the Kwaango in southwestern Zaire. Ndembu and Yaka peoples owe a great deal of their ritual institutions to the Luunda. About three centuries ago, Luunda groups left the Ruund nucleus in what is now the Zairean province of Shaba, and started to migrate westwards: some settled in the Upper-Kwaango, while others migrated further northwards to impose centralising political institutions onto Yaka people. The Ndembu issue from a southern migration wave out of the same Ruund core. Drawing upon our respective field research among Luunda and Yaka, we will present a critical evaluation of Turner's views on Ndembu ritual from a comparative perspective. We will focus on his approach to Ndembu basket divination

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