61. The Slovak Wildlife Society. Helping To Conserve Slovakia's Endangered Wildlife. Our aim is to help ensure the longterm survival of endangered species such as wolves, lynx and chamois through an integrated approach to solutions for co http://www.slovakwildlife.org.uk/main.php?pn=wolves

62. Wolves In The Upper Great Lakes 1974 wolves were added to Federal endangered Species List. 1974 - 4 wolves were translocated to Huron Mountain area in Michigan s Upper Peninsula. http://seaborg.nmu.edu/wolf/3Michwolf_status.html

Michigan DNR Wolf Observation Report Form Wolf Status Attitudes of Residents U.P. Wolf Range ... home page Wolf track, near Strawberry Lake, Sands Township, Michigan, June 2002 Photo by Jackie Winkowski. Status of Wolves in Michigan Condensed from materials supplied by the Timber Wolf Alliance, Sigurd Olson Environmental Institute, Northland College, Ashland, WI 54806 Phone (715) 682-1490, e-mail TWA@wheeler.northland.edu Visit the Timber Wolf Alliance at this site Federal Threatened, State Threatened In March 2003, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service revised the status of wolves in the Great Lakes area from "endangered" to "threatened." This new reclassification will allow for problem wolves to be killed when they prey on livestock or become a problem to people. Wolves in Michigan were reclassified under the state Endangered Species Act from endangered to threatened at the state level in June, 2002. A spring 2003 count found an estimated 321 wolves in 50 - 60 packs, scattered among all counties of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan except Keweenaw County. A separate population of gray wolves on Isle Royale National park numbered 19 in the winter of 2003. Though no wolves have been verified in Michigan's lower peninsula, citizens have reported seeing wolves in the northern sections. With continued monitoring, public education and support, Michigan's wolves will continue to rebound. The Upper Peninsula (UP) of Michigan contains 16,500 square miles of land and much of it is favorable wolf habitat. It is estimated that current habitat and prey populations could support as many as 800 wolves.

63. ESPN Outdoors wolves moved off endangered species list By Jack Sullivan Associated Press — March 18, Gray wolves. Associated Press The onceendangered gray wolf http://espn.go.com/outdoors/conservation/s/c_fea_wolves_status_change.html

sLgTgRedirStr = ""; document.write( ''); document.write( ''); ESPN NBA.com NHL.com RPM ... FEATURES Zip Code: Top Rated Outfitters Fishing Hot Spots Hunt/Fish Licenses Fish Destinations ... Contact us Wolves moved off endangered species list By Jack Sullivan Wildlife biologists have monitored wolf reintroduction efforts in the Lower 48 states; declaring them a sustainable species and eligible for delisting. The switch after 30 years from endangered to threatened status means the government no longer considers gray wolves to be in danger of dying out as a species. The service will write a plan to remove the predators from the endangered species list, allowing states to manage them like other wild animals. The move applies across the country except for the Southwest. Two populations, one in Arizona and New Mexico and another near Yellowstone National Park, will continue to be managed as experimental populations under different rules. While threatened species still have federal protection, the lower status, among other things, allows ranchers to kill wolves they catch attacking livestock. The change was first proposed in 2000. "Wolves are coming back," said Fish and Wildlife Service Director Steve Williams.

64. N.C. Zoo Records Third Birth Of Endangered Red Wolves NC Zoo Records Third Birth of endangered Red wolves. The red wolf is considered the most endangered canid (member of the dog family) in North America. http://www.nczoo.org/news_events/press_release/2004/04202004.cfm

N.C. Zoo Records Third Birth of Endangered Red Wolves David M. Jones, DVM, Director NEWS RELEASE CONTACT: Rod Hackney FOR RELEASE: 04/20/2004 Telephone: 336-879-7204 Asheboro, N.C.- At one time, red wolves, cousins to the larger gray wolf, were thought to have roamed throughout the Southeastern United States. But by the late1970'S, their population had been diminished to less than a few dozen along the Texas-Louisiana border. The N.C. Zoo has participated in the red wolf recovery effort since 1993, providing not only an exhibit and breeding facilities, but advisors for the SSP and veterinary care for the wild wolves at Alligator River. The North Carolina Zoological Society has also developed extensive information on the history of the red wolf and the recovery program as part of its award-winning educational website at www.fieldtripearth.org The N.C. Zoo is a member institution of AZA and an agency of the N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources, William G. Ross, Jr. Secretary; Michael F. Easley, Governor.

65. KATU 2 - Portland, Oregon However, Oregon s plan has no bearing on the federal decision over protecting wolves under the endangered Species Act, Jewett said. http://www.katu.com/outdoor/story.asp?ID=63657

66. Defenders Of Wildlife - Wildlife - Wolves Defenders of Wildlife has been a leader in wolf conservation since wolves first appeared on the federal endangered species list. http://www.defenders.org/wildlife/new/wolves.html

Select Wolves Big Cats Bears Birds Marine Prairie Bats Near You Adopt Speak Up For Wolves: Wolf Recovery and Management Take Action Wolf News and Publications General ... Conferences ** WOLF RECOVERY AND MANAGEMENT ** Defenders of Wildlife has been a leader in wolf conservation since wolves first appeared on the federal endangered species list. In recent years, Defenders helped restore wolves to the Northern Rockies and played key roles in the reintroduction of gray wolves to the Southwest and red wolves to the Southeast.

67. Endangered Mexican Wolves May Be Moved To Gila National Forest Local Meetings Held in New Mexico endangered Mexican wolves May Be Moved to Gila National Forest Defenders of Wildlife today applauded http://www.defenders.org/releases/pr2000/pr030100.html

For Immediate Release March 1, 2000 Contact: newsroom@defenders.org Local Meetings Held in New Mexico: Endangered Mexican Wolves May Be Moved to Gila National Forest Defenders of Wildlife today applauded the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) proposal to translocate wild endangered Mexican gray wolves from the Blue Range in Arizona to the Gila National Forest in New Mexico. The future recovery of Mexican wolves hinges directly on their ability to establish territories within the Gila National Forest. Translocations into the Gila Wilderness will significantly benefit wolf recovery by allowing wolves to be located in areas with no roads and few livestock. This will minimize conflict, advance recovery, reduce costs and promote overall program acceptance and success. "We strongly support the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposal because the Gila National Forest is the safest and best habitat for wolves in the Southwest," said Craig Miller, Southwest representative of Defenders. "Ensuring that the Mexican wolf recovery program is successful is vital because wolves help maintain fundamental ecological processes that are the foundation of a balanced, healthy wilderness." Under Endangered Species Act provisions, translocating the Mexican wolves to the Gila Wilderness is an acceptable management technique that could serve the interests of both people and wolves by allowing the animals to be placed in remote areas.

68. The County Journal - Washburn, Wisconsin Threatened is a more appropriate classification than endangered for wolves outside the Southwest because recovery programs have succeeded in reducing threats http://www.washburnwi.com/placed/index.php?sect_rank=1&story_id=172008

69. Planet Earth Conflict Yellowstone Wolf Government bounty hunters helped ranchers protect their livestock by killing the wolves. Sixty years later the Gray Wolf was listed as endangered. http://www.powayschools.com/projects/mt&r/ConflictYellowstoneWolf.htm

Introduction Task Process Pre-Write Activity ... Return to Planet Earth Introduction The Three Little Pigs and Little Red Riding Hood are classic children's fairy tales, but the tale of the Rocky Mountain Gray Wolf is real. Wolves are predators, and in 1914, the United States Congress huffed and puffed and approved the funding to destroy the wolves. Government bounty hunters helped ranchers protect their livestock by killing the wolves. Sixty years later the Gray Wolf was listed as endangered. In 1973, Congress enacted the Endangered Species Act, and the Wolf Recovery Program was started to reintroduce the Gray Wolf to its natural habitat. Currently about 160 wolves have been reintroduced to central Idaho and Yellowstone National Park. But this story does not have a fairy tale ending. Fearing for their livestock, the ranchers filed a lawsuit, and in December 1997, U.S. District Judge William Downes ruled that all the wolves and their offspring must be removed. Performance Task Your task will be to analyze the Rocky Mountain Gray Wolf problem, and draw your own conclusion to the following question.

70. Endangered Wildlife Netring To help protect save the endangered wildlife. Encluding, Elephants, wolves, Rhino s, Eagles,and the big cats, leopards, tigers, lions,{;} whales, seals http://www.ringsurf.com/netring?action=info&ring=EndangeredWildlifeWebring

71. Endangered Species: Northern Rocky Mountains In 1926 Yellowstone s last wolf was killed, and by that time wolves were seriously endangered throughout the Western United States. http://www.colby.edu/personal/thtieten/end-mt.html

Topic Area: Endangered Species Geographic Area: Northern Rocky Mountains Focal Question: Can economic incentives be altered to reduce opposition to wolf conservation? Sources: (1) Defenders of Wildlife World Wide Web site: http//www.defenders.org/pr101295.html http//www.defenders.org/pr110895.html http//www.defenders.org/wolfcomp.html http//www.defenders.org/ynpfact.html ... http//www.defenders.org/ynpchro.html (2) Fischer, Hank, Editorial/Opinion; Page B7 The Arizona Republic November 25, 1995. (3) Gerhardt, Gary Wolf Backers To Pay for Calf Rocky Mountain News; February 1, 1995; Ed. F; Page 8A. (4) Miniclier, Kit Wild Things The Denver Post; January 14, 1996, EMP Page 14. (5) US Newswire, Missoula, MT, Defenders of Wildlife Will Compensate for First Yellowstone Wolf Kill January 18, 1996. (6) US Newswire, Washington, Mexican Wolf Draft EIS Released: Defenders Expands the Wolf Compensation Fund to the Southwest June 27, 1995. Reviewer: Alex E. Roth, Colby College '96 Review: Historically, large predators in the United States were seen as threats to game and livestock, and were trapped, poisoned, and shot. The Federal government launched an aggressive program to eliminate predators early in this century, which targeted even those animals in National Parks. In 1926 Yellowstone's last wolf was killed, and by that time wolves were seriously endangered throughout the Western United States. Since then, wolves have migrated from Canada into northwestern Montana, in the area of Glacier National Park. Conservationists have been advocating wolf reintroduction in Yellowstone and elsewhere since well before passage of the Endangered Species Act in 1973. But that law actually required the US Fish and Wildlife Service to create a recovery plan for the Gray Wolf, which was officially listed as endangered in 1973. The ensuing controversies were so acrimonious that years passed before any final decisions were made.

72. Topic Area: Endangered Species Recovery And The Role Of Native Tribes Two years later, the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), which is responsible for protecting endangered species, produced a recovery plan for wolves in the http://www.colby.edu/personal/thtieten/end-id.html

Topic Area: Endangered Species Recovery and the Role of Native Tribes Geographical Area: Idaho, U.S.A. Focal Question: Sources: (1) Cheater, Mark., "Wolf Spirit NWF Priority. (Nez Perce Indians saving gray wolves)." National Wildlife (August, 1998): p. NA(1). (2) Kenworthy, Tom, "Interior’s Recall of Wild: Gray Wolf to be Brought Back to the Rockies." The Washington Post ; May 5, 1994; p. A1. (3) Nez Perce Wolf Education and Research Center World Wide Web site: (4) Suagee, Dean B., "The Cultural Heritage of American Indian Tribes and the Preservation of Biological Diversity." Arizona State Law Journal (Summer, 1999): pp. 483-524. (5) Wilson, Patrick Impero, "Wolves, Politics, and the Nez Perce: Wolf Recovery in Central Idaho and the Role of Native Tribes." Natural Resources Journal (Summer, 1999): pp. 543-564. Reviewer: Review: The long debate over the reintroduction of the gray wolf to the northern Rockies is a good example of how transactions costs the costs involved in organizing parties on either side of the issue, bringing parties together to bargain, and the actual bargain itself can often impede the bargaining process and delay action, especially in the case of environmental problems. In 1978, the federal government listed the wolf as an endangered species in the lower 48 states (except for a population in Minnesota that was classified as threatened). Two years later, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), which is responsible for protecting endangered species, produced a recovery plan for wolves in the Rocky Mountains which included reintroducing several Canadian wolves into Yellowstone and central Idaho. The first group of wolves was finally released into these regions in January 1995, 15 years after the original proposal. Why was the negotiation process over this issue so drawn out?

73. NAIA: Some Wolves Are No Longer Endangered Bush administration says some wolves are no longer endangered. Predator return successful for wolves, environmentalists, but devastating http://www.naiaonline.org/body/articles/archives/wolf_rec.htm

Home About NAIA What's New? NAIA Library ... Search Bush administration says some wolves are no longer endangered Predator return successful for wolves, environmentalists, but devastating for ranchers, cattle, sheep, and pets By Norma Bennett Woolf Background Wolf biology and behavior Clashes Notes On April 1, the Bush administration downgraded the gray wolf ( Canis lupus Canis l. baileyi ), in Arizona and New Mexico or the designation of endangered for indigenous Mexican wolves in other areas of the southwestern US. The reclassification provides more flexibility in managing wolves and is dependent upon passage of wolf management programs by governments in each of these states. While the US Fish and Wildlife Service retains oversight, the states will have the authority to remove wolves that harass or kill livestock or pets and will bear the burden of costs. The change follows the requirements of the ESA by relaxing protections as the populations increase and survival becomes more probable. In the Federal Register document Defenders of Wildlife, an activist organization spearheading the reintroduction efforts, not only opposes the reclassification of some wolf populations to threatened, it promotes reintroduction of wolves to the Northeast, the Southern Rockies, the Southwest, the Pacific Northwest, and areas of northern California and Nevada before species survival can be considered successful.

74. Red Wolves Of Alligator River: NC Zoo Records Third Birth Of Endangered Red Wolv Red wolves of Alligator River Field Diaries NC Zoo Records Third Birth of endangered Red wolves NC Zoo Records Third Birth of endangered Red wolves by Rod http://www.fieldtripearth.org/article.xml?id=995

75. Red Wolves Of Alligator River: Endangered Woodpecker Makes A Home In Red Wolf Ha These lands support several protected and endangered species, including the red wolf and the redcockaded woodpecker (RCW). The http://www.fieldtripearth.org/article.xml?id=697

76. Wolf Downlisting Proposed For these two regions, downlisting of wolves from endangered to Threatened could lead to lethal depredation control approaching the proportions currently http://www.friendsofanimals.org/wolves/downlst.htm

77. Endangered Wolves In some states where the wolf still hangs on, people continue to kill them inspite of their protection under the Federal endangered Species Act. http://www.usd314.k12.ks.us/curriculum7/wolves/courtney Wolves.html

To the Endangered Wolves Page!! Here are some cool pictures of wolves to enjoy. Here are some really neat wolf facts. Curled up for warmth this animal looks like a pet dog. Yet many people believe, against evidence-that it is one of man's most dangerous animal enemies. In spite of all the scary stories,only one account of a wolf killing anyone in North America had ever been found true. Because it lives by eating other animals,the wolf-like man, is called a predator. And man is the only predator the wolf needs fear. In Europe, then in North America, men wiped out the huge herds of wild animals which were the wolf's food. And men have killed the wolves themselves until they no longer exist in most parts of the United States,with a total population of 10,000 wolves,where there used to be 100,000 wolves or more. In some states where the wolf still hangs on, people continue to kill them inspite of their protection under the Federal Endangered Species Act. These shooters and trappers believe they help the deer populations by killing the predators although the deer and wolves have gotten along successfully, side by side for centuries. Yet men are safer among wolves than wolves are among men. Other humans fear for their livestock. But most are simply afraid of the wolf howls in the night which bring no real danger. What makes wolves so feared? An average adult female wolf weighs 60 to 80 pounds. A pack of wolves travel all the time in the winter in search of food, sometimes 40 miles in a single day. In the summer,when they live near a den full of pups(baby wolves) one night's hunt might take them 20 miles to their prey and back.

78. "Endangered Wolves Are Endangering Rancher's Livelihood:," Claims Country Cousin endangered wolves are endangering rancher s livelihood . Link to Story from Salmon, Idaho, Correspondent and my reaction. 89-98 (updated 8-19-98). http://www.forwolves.org/ralph/moyer-pack.htm

"Endangered wolves are endangering rancher's livelihood:" Link to Story from Salmon, Idaho, Correspondent and my reaction (updated 8-19-98) This story about the Moyer Basin Pack menacing a central Idaho rancher's cattle originates from Candice Burns, who writes much of the news about the Idaho wolves for the Idaho Falls paper, the Post-Register . Her stories are then picked up by the "wire." Is Mcgee Latimer's livelihood really endangered? I hope not, but this story is typical of the dire predictions that emanate from the Salmon/Challis area of Idaho Lemhi and Custer counties the hysterical part of Idaho. In this part of Idaho political elites say environmentalists real goal is to run people off their land, the proposal to restore grizzly bears to central Idaho is really a plan to have local folks eaten, and the public lands of the United State really belong to the landed gentry of Lemhi and Custer counties, wilderness is land of "no use," and on-and-on, year-after-year. Now for some pique.

79. GORP - Top 10 Endangered Species - Gray Wolf endangered Species List, a move that could spur states like Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho to implement management policies that open hunting season on wolves http://gorp.away.com/gorp/activity/wildlife/endangered_species_2.htm

Trail Finder Hiking How-tos Top 10s Outfitters ... Contests Search: DisplayAds ("Top,Right,Middle,TopRight,Right1,Right2,Frame1!Top", "468", "60", "conservation"); Summer Guide to Outdoor Fun 12 Unbeatable Urban Hikes California Beach Camping Wild Ride: The Northwest Quest ... Tour de France Preview from Outside Online Introduction Gray Wolf Grizzly Bear Orca ... National Wildlife Refuges ACTIVITIES Wildlife We Love (and Would Hate to Lose) By Pieter vanNoordennen Gray Wolf The gray wolf in full flight Why We Love It: A member of the canine family, the gray wolf is one of North America's supreme hunters. A wolf's territory can range up to 100 square miles while hunting big game like elk, deer, moose, and caribou. These wild dogs have 42 adult teeth (humans have 36), and can reach speeds of up to 35 miles per hour while tracking down prey. Though wolves can survive on two-and-a-half pounds of food per day, they have been known to eat as much as 22 pounds in one sitting. GOING, GOING, GONE? The Florida panther is the United States' most critically endangered animal, with an estimated 60 to 80 animals left in the wild. In the mid-1990s, the panther's population had dwindled to less than 50, and the threat of in-breeding was as big a threat to the gene pool as was the critical loss of habitat (the state having lost more than a third of its forest covering, the panther's prime habitat, to residential and agricultural development since the 1940s)

80. Gray Wolves To Remain On Endangered List Gray wolves to Remain on endangered List. ALASKA UNAFFECTED Feds won t delist them until Wyoming can protect them. Becky Bohrer http://www.shewolfworks.com/wolfsong/news/Alaska_current_events_495.htm

Gray Wolves to Remain on Endangered List ALASKA UNAFFECTED: Feds won't de-list them until Wyoming can protect them Becky Bohrer / AP / Anchorage Daily News / January 24, 2004 http://www.adn.com/alaska/story/4663182p-4618288c.html The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service postponed a decision Tuesday on whether to drop federal protection for gray wolves, which were hunted nearly to extinction decades ago but have made a remarkable recovery since the 1990s. The agency said Wyoming has not submitted an adequate plan for protecting the animals if the federal government stepped aside. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will not remove gray wolves in the West from coverage under the Endangered Species Act until Wyoming changes its state regulations to provide the predator with more protection, its director said this week. "If Wyoming doesn't amend its management plan and present one with adequate controls to maintain wolf numbers, then we will not proceed," director Steve Williams said. "If they cannot do that, then we cannot proceed with de-listing at this time."

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