81. Italy, Great Britain And France In The Twenties of jobs, and unemployment in britain rose higher than Also, the war had brought inflationto Despite great britain s political stability and traditions, the http://www.fsmitha.com/h2/ch12.htm

THE 20TH CENTURY home 20th century links and books previous ... next ITALY, GREAT BRITAIN AND FRANCE IN THE TWENTIES Italy, Fascism and Benito Mussolini Britain in Ireland, Slow Economic Recovery and the Jazz Age Italy, Fascism and Benito Mussolini World War I or the Great War as it was also called elevated some of Italy's young men who were proud to be combatants for their nation. The war also elevated national pride in people and a sense that Italy was one nation with a common cause rather than divided by class antagonisms. And one Italian so elevated and proud to have fought in the war was Benito Mussolini. Benito Mussolini was the son of a worker-intellectual, a blacksmith who named his son after the 19th century Mexican revolutionary, Benito Juarez. Benito Mussolini was a bright boy and a voracious reader in his youth. He suffered from poverty as a young man and hated the rich. More accurately, he envied the rich. But he sought recognition more than personal wealth. He was for a time a school teacher, and he rose to become editor of a Socialist Party newspaper. In 1915, as Italy pondered whether to go to war, Mussolini broke with the pacifism of the socialists. He editorialized for Italy's involvement in the war on the side of the Allies, claiming that France's defeat would end liberty in Europe. He argued that Italy's involvement in the war would hasten the socialist revolution. The Socialist Party responded by expelling him. So Mussolini started his own newspaper

82. A Highly Abbreviated History Of Europe... 14551485 the wars of the roses in England 1756-1763 the Seven Years War GreatBritain and Prussia use; 1799-1815 the Napoleonic wars France against http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/historyofeurope.html

A Highly Abbreviated History of Europe: 1000 to 2000 1054 schism between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox branches of the church 1066 the battle of Hastings: William of Normandy conquers England 1085 the conquest of Toledo (El Cid) 1096-1099 the first Crusade 1130 Roger II of Sicily (a Norman) consolidates southern Italy 1147-1149 the second Crusade 1169 England invades Ireland 1189-1192 the third Crusade 1202-1204 the fourth Crusade; the Eastern Roman Empire collapses 1209-1229 Albigensian religious wars in southern France 1215 King John signs the Magna Carta 1228-1229 the fifth Crusade 1231 the Inquisition begins 1245 the Mongols dominate Russia (until 1480!) 1248-1254 the sixth Crusade 1270 the seventh Crusade 1290 the Jews expelled from England 1306 the Jews expelled from France 1327 the 100 Years War between England and France begins 1347-1354 the Black Death (1/4 to 1/3 of population dead in areas affected) 1378-1417 the Great Schism: popes in Rome and Avignon 1389 the Battle of Kosovo: Serbs defeated by Turks 1419 Hussite religious uprisings in Bohemia presage the reformation 1453 the 100 Years War ends; France becomes a nation at last

83. HighBeam Research: ELibrary Search: Results Firestone 1988 Ch. great Elms Prince Pomeranian Skip Piazza Olga Baker CharmingII 1989 Ch. A long civil war, the War of the roses, lasted 145585, and http://www.highbeam.com/library/search.asp?FN=AO&refid=ency_refd&search_almanacs

84. The World Depression States proposed a moratorium on all war debts and the international banks did notsave great britain from being Unemployment rose to 22 percent in britain, and http://mars.acnet.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/depression.html

The Great Depression It was appropriate that the terrible economic slump of the 1930s started in the United States, to which Europe seemed to have surrendered economic leadership during the Great War and on which she had been dependent ever since. Stock Market Crash The stock market crash that began on a black Friday in October 1929 and deepened in the ensuing months had immediate repercussion in Europe. Indeed, even before this, the superheated boom in stock prices that marked the bull market of 1928 siphoned money from Europe. The pricking of the bubble sent shock waves throughout the world. Large exports of American capital had helped sustain Europe, besides providing an outlet for American surpluses of capital, during the 1920s. Investment in European bonds now contracted sharply and swiftly, as banks that were "caught short" with too many of their assets invested in securities desperately tried to raise money. By June 1930, the price of securities on Wall Street was about 20 percent, on average, of what it had been prior to the crash; between 1929 and 1932 the Dow-Jones average of industrial stock prices fell from a high of 381 to a low of 41! The American market for European imports also dropped sharply as the entire American economy went into shock; and, to compound trouble, congress insisted on passing a high tariff law in 1930, against the advice of almost all economists. Effective operation of the international economy required that the United States import goods to allow foreign governments to pay for American loans. Moreover, the raising of tariffs set off a chain reaction as every government tried to protect itself against an adverse trade balance leading to currency deterioration. The result was a drying up of world trade that further fueled the economic downturn. The Americans, additionally, continued to insist upon repayment of war debts, until finally in 1931 a general moratorium was declared. Well might Europeans complain of American blindness, but these events only exposed Europe's vulnerability.

85. Tudor England Books - Suite101.com wars of the roses, wars of http://www.suite101.com/books.cfm/6820

Topics Articles Links Courses DIRECTORY COMMUNITIES BOOK CIRCLE SUITE U ... MY SUITE Search Suite101.com Within: Tudor England History and Politics Search The Web Member Central Join Our Community! Login What's New Become a SuiteU Affiliate ... MemberUpdate Suite University About Suite University Suite University News Visit the University Course Listing ... FREE Demo Course New Topics Parenting Babies and Toddlers Views of a Young Appalachian Woman SpiritWell Travel Book Reviews ... More... Suite Events Teacher Appreciation Event 2004 Family Focus 2004 In Tune With Johann Sebastian Bach More about Suite101 About Suite101.com Advertise With Suite For more information - Select a related topic - African History American Reconstruction a Ancient Biographies Ancient British History Autograph Collecting Biographies British Social History Canadian Politics Civil War 1856-62 Crimean War Current Events - The Paci East Asian History Framing Political Issues Great American Plains History of the Bizarre an Inspirational People International Affairs and International Trade and P John Kerry Libertarian Liechtenstein Life in Canada Maine People North American Genealogy Peace Process Political Pro's Politics Conservative Postcolonial Studies Presidential Elections 19 Republicans Royal History Russian History and Cultu Shropshire Past and Prese The American Civil War The Old West The Rutherford Report The Underground Railroad Tudor England US History 1929-1945 - Select a related course - An Introduction to Classi Ancient India B.C. 323 to

86. Was The Great War Necessary? - 99.05 was britain s experience, the disturbing paradox of the great War was, according economy,wages among the poorest groups in britain rose significantly, and http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/99may/9905greatwar.htm

Return to this issue's Table of Contents. M A Y 1 9 9 9 A young historian argues iconoclastically that Britain's entry into the First World War, in 1914, was "the greatest error of modern history," born of neurotic fears projected onto Germany. by Benjamin Schwarz THE PITY OF WAR by Niall Ferguson. Basic Books, 640 pages, A MERICANS scarcely marked the eightieth Armistice Day, this past November 11. But standing with stricken faces before the Cenotaph at Whitehall and the Ossuaire at Verdun, and tolling bells in the gloomy villages of Lancashire and the Pas-de-Calais, the British and the French, our erstwhile co-belligerents, mourned as if freshly wounded. For them the Great War is not yet merely history. In this way, among others, the Oxford historian Niall Ferguson's The Pity of War is a very British book. Although Ferguson is young, clever, and ironic, there is nothing cool or dispassionate about his view of the war. The underlying and animating emotion in his book is profound regret. "The First World War," he states up front, "remains the worst thing the people of my country have ever had to endure." Although his rich and provocative book argues many too many disparate points, its fundamental argument is that (a) the war was a uniquely terrible event for Britain, and therefore (b) Britain should never have fought it, since (c) the stakes involved were for the British not high. The first assertion is close to indisputable. The second is highly defensible. But the third evades the difficult and tragic aspects of Britain's experience in the Great War.

87. Great Britain. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 The British people rose to a supreme war effort; American aid (see lendlease)provided vital help. In 1941, great britain gained two allies when Germany http://www.bartleby.com/65/gr/GreatBri.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia See also: United Kingdom Factbook PREVIOUS NEXT CONTENTS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Great Britain officially United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, constitutional monarchy (1996 est. pop. 57,412,000), 94,226 sq mi (244,044 sq km), on the British Isles, off W Europe. The country is often referred to simply as Britain. Technically, Great Britain comprises England (1991 pop. 46,382,050), 50,334 sq mi (130,365 sq km); Wales (1991 pop. 2,798,200), 8,016 sq mi (20,761 sq km); and Scotland (1991 pop. 4,957,000), 30,414 sq mi (78,772 sq km) on the island of Great Britain, while the United Kingdom includes Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland (1991 pop. 1,577,836), 5,462 sq mi (14,146 sq km) on the island of Ireland. The Isle of Man (1991 pop. 69,788), 227 sq mi (588 sq km), in the Irish Sea and the Channel Islands (1991 pop. 145,821), 75 sq mi (195 sq km), in the English Channel, are dependencies of the crown, with their own systems of government. For physical geography and local administrative divisions, see

88. On The Treaty With Great Britain By Fisher Ames. America: I. (1761-1837). Vol. V The great interest and the general desire of our people it will be a baleful meteorportending tempest and war. 15. I rose to speak under the impressions that I http://www.bartleby.com/268/8/22.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Nonfiction William Jennings Bryan America: I See also: Fisher Ames Biography PREVIOUS NEXT CONTENTS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD On the Treaty with Great Britain Fisher Ames Born in 1758, died in 1808; member of the Massachusetts Ratifying Committee in 1788; Member of Congress in 1789; declined the Presidency of Harvard College in 1804.

89. Ancient History Pathfinder Crusades Feudalism Holy Roman Empire Hundred Years War great BritainHistoryMedievalperiod great BritainHistoryWars of the roses Church History http://www.ar.cc.mn.us/cclibrary/ancientpathfinder.htm

Ancient History Pathfinder C ambridge Campus Library of ARCC www.anokaramsey.edu/library/cambridge.cfm 8-28-03 bb Reference Sources: Ref Civilization of the ancient Mediterranean: Greece Ref DS57 .C55 1995 Civilizations of the ancient Near East Ref CB351 .D24 1984 Dictionary of medieval civilization Ref G1033 .S28 1995 Penguin historical atlas of ancient Rome Ref G2001.S1 M6 1996 Penguin historical atlas of ancient Greece Audiovis CB68 .C55 pt. 1-4 Civilisation [videorecording] Audiovis CB245 .W4 pt.3-4 The Western tradition Ancient History Websites: Ancient Greece and Rome- elementary Ancient history links Best of History Select Ancient History Internet Ancient history sourcebook Fordham University HISTOS: Electronic journal of ancient historiography Medieval history subject guide Arizona State University Internet Medieval sourcebook Fordham University Forum Romanum: Roman history Geocities Roman history links Perseus Digital Library Books on Ancient History Located in CCLibrary NA210.L57 Ancient architecture -

90. United Kingdom History Territorial and political structuring of the country, particularly under Alfred theGreat as King of Wessex (871899). War of the roses between the Houses http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/laender_ausgabe_html?

91. World History Pathfinder great Events From History Worldwide Twentieth Century Series, D 421 .G63. 20thcentury Day by Day, D 421 .T84 2000. History of World War I, D 521 .H48 2001. http://www.stchas.edu/library/worldhistory.shtml

World History Pathfinder Table of Contents Reference Books in the SCC Library on World History World History on the WWW Finding Books on World History in the SCC Library Finding Articles With SCC Library Databases Reference Books in the SCC Library on World History Reference books are a good starting point for research to get familiar with a topic or find additional information on your topic. They include subject specific encyclopedias and dictionaries. Reference books are located on the first floor of the SCC library, shelved by the call number listed. The following reference books are grouped by the type of information they contain. Bibliographies Biography Atlas Chronology ... Encyclopedias BIBLIOGRAPHIES (lists books and articles by subject): American Historical Association's Guide to Historical Literature D 20 .A55 1995 BIOGRAPHY: Cambridge Biographical Dictionary CT 103 .C4 1990

92. F&M Library: HIS 371 Encyclopedias and Dictionaries. The Cambridge Historical Encyclopedia of GreatBritain and Ireland Ref. Encyclopedia of the War of the roses Ref. http://library.fandm.edu/esources/bibs/his371.html

Encyclopedias and Dictionaries The Cambridge Historical Encyclopedia of Great Britain and Ireland Ref. DA 34 .C28 1985 The Columbia Companion to British History Ref. DA 34 .H64 1997 The Oxford Companion to British History Ref. DA 34 .O93 1997 Historical Dictionary of the United Kingdom Ref. DA 34 .P38 1997 The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy Ref. DA 40 .C29 1988 Encyclopedia of the War of the Roses Ref. DA 250 .W34 2001 Tudor England: An Encyclopedia Ref. DA 315 .T753 2001 Historical Dictionary of the Elizabethan World Ref. DA 357 .W34 1999 Historical Dictionary of Stuart England, 1603-1689 Ref. DA 375 .H57 1996 Historical Dictionary of the British and Irish Civil Wars, 1627-1660 Ref. DA 405 .B344 2000 Companion to the English Civil Wars Ref. DA 405 .N48 1990 The London Encyclopedia Ref. DA 679 .L78 1986 A Companion to Scottish History: From the Reformation to the Present Ref. DA 757.9 .D68 1989 Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland Ref. DA 772 .C618 2000 A Chronology of Irish History Since 1500 Ref. DA 910 .D66 1990

93. History Bookshop.com: Search By Theme Place All http://www.historybookshop.com/themes.asp

KEYWORD SEARCH Departments Prehistory Ancient Early Medieval Medieval ... Military/Maritime POWER SEARCH Subject All African History American History Archaeology Art History Biography Economic History European History Genealogy Historical Fiction Maritime History Military History Philosophy Politics Religion Social History Theory of History Travel World History Place All EUROPE British Isles Great Britain: UK Ireland Western Europe Belgium France Luxembourg Netherlands Central Europe Austria Germany Switzerland Liechtenstein Northern Europe Iceland Denmark Finland Norway Sweden Southern Europe Spain Gibraltar Malta Andorra Portugal Italy San Marino Vatican Eastern Europe Cyprus Greece Hungary Czechoslovakia Poland Turkey Former USSR Eur Southeast Europe ASIA Middle East Israel Jordan Lebanon Iran Palestine Iraq Syria Arabian peninsula Central Asia Afghanistan Tadzhikistan Kirghizia Siberia Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Kazakhstan Indian sub-cont. India Bangladesh Bhutan Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka South East Asia Myanmar (Burma) Cambodia Laos Malaysia Indonesia Philippines Brunei Singapore Thailand Vietnam East Asia China Japan Korea Mongolia AFRICA North Africa Algeria Chad Egypt Libya Morocco Sudan Tunisia Western Sahara The Sahara Sub-Saharan Afr.

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