1. Great Britain - England - Ireland - Scotland - Wales In The Middle Ages places, events, documents, the Norman Conquest, the wars of the roses, and other mapsof England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and all of great britain. http://historymedren.about.com/cs/greatbritain/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History Medieval History Britain Home Essentials Getting Started A Medieval Atlas ... Daily Features zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Before You Buy Top Picks Product Reviews Articles ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Medieval History newsletter. Search Medieval History Medieval Britain - England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales Here you'll find information on Medieval England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. More Categories Up a category Dark Age Britain (37) Medieval Britain (68) Medieval Ireland (17) ... User Agreement

2. Medieval Britain Ages. The wars of the roses Sites examining this complicated Englishdynastic war. Medieval Ages. Return to great britain Index. http://historymedren.about.com/cs/medievalbritain/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History Medieval History Britain Medieval Britain Home Essentials Getting Started A Medieval Atlas ... Daily Features zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Before You Buy Top Picks Product Reviews Articles ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Medieval History newsletter. Search Medieval History Medieval Britain Focusing primarily on Medieval England, but touching on the other portions of Britain affecting and affected by the English, the sites in these directories offer general British history throughout the Middle Ages. Alphabetical Recent Lancastrian and Yorkist England All too brief look at England from the reign of Henry IV through the Wars of the Roses, by Paul Charlesworth. Medieval Britain Part 5 of Peter N. Williams' Narrative History of England at Britannia Magazine provides an extensive overview of events from the Conquest to Bosworth Field in six pages, and is followed by the 5-page survey, From Reformation to Restoration.

3. Wars In France, Revolts In England, Wars Of The Roses British History, wars in France, revolts in England, wars of the roses http://www.great-britain.co.uk/history/roses.htm

Wars in France, revolt in England, Civil War in England After Henry II, English in started running into problems, either with the Barons, the people or from pretenders to the throne. King John was defeated by the barons and only kept the throne by signing the Magna Carta, which stated that the king was not above the law, that he only ruled by the will of the people, and that if he broke his part of the contract, then the people had the right to overthrow the king. The whole episode amounted to a civil war, and was probably not as cosy as the painting on the left depicts Continental wars continued to cost England more money than it could afford. England soon lost all its French possessions apart from Gascony (Bordeaux). Edward II's forays into Europe did not succeed in re-conquering any ground. Between 1370 and 1413, Kings were dethroned, Peasants revolted and the House of Lancaster seized the throne. Henry V's reign was brief and colourful (1413 to 22) The English are a nation for remembering victories and forgetting defeats. Henry V's victory at Agincourt, thanks to Shakespeare, is well remembered. "Cry God for Harry, England and St George" But the territorial gains that Agincourt brought were soon lost, and even Gascony had fallen. By 1453 only Calais remained as an English foothold in Europe

4. Britain From 1066 To 1660 Norman Conquest To Cromwell in France, revolts in England, wars of the roses, richard III. Cromwell, The turmoilof Civil War, cromwell and civil war. great britain great britain front page, http://www.great-britain.co.uk/history/to_cromwell.htm

Britain from 1066 to 1660 Norman Conquest to Cromwell With the Normans, England became a unified country for the first time since the Romans left 600 years earlier. The Norman kings consolidated their hold on England, then took control of Wales and Ireland. There followed a long period during the Middle Ages of squabbling over the throne, culminating with the Wars of the Roses, the house of Lancaster against the house of York. The Battle of Bosworth on 1485 saw the end of these wars with the victory of Henry VII. The rule of the Tudors, including Henry VIII (he of the wives) and Mary and Elizabeth I, represented a period of rising English influence on the world - a series of continental wars and the age of the British navy. Colonisation of the Americas began. The death of Elizabeth left no immediate successor, and the throne of England was offered to the Scottish King James. He was James VI of Scotland and became James I of England. This united England and Scotland for the first time in history though the official Act of parliament, the Act of Union was not passed for another hundred years. The Stuart kings believed that they had a divine right to govern, and in a world that even then was starting to become democratic, this view caused increasing resentment. The struggle for supremacy between Parliament and the King as to who really ruled the country led to Civil War in 1641. The king, Charles I was defeated, and executed in 1649. Oliver Cromwell became head of state, and Britain continued with this form of government only for a brief period. Cromwell died, his son became head of state, but was not a popular choice. Parliament invited the son of the dead king to re-take the throne. So Britain resumed a monarchy under Charles II in 1660

5. Frommers.com : Destinations : Europe : Great Britain : England : In Depth : The Destinations Europe great britain England In Depth TheBlack Death The wars of the roses. England. Cornwall. http://www.frommers.com/destinations/england/0221026787.html

This Country Entire Site Guidebooks Deals M. Boards Destinations Europe Great Britain England ... England Cornwall Cotswolds Devon East Anglia East Midland Hampshire an Kent, Surrey Lake Distric London Northwest En Shakespeare Thames Valle Wiltshire an Yorkshire an Overview Health and Safety Planning a Trip Shopping ... Expanded Index Deals From Our Sponsor From $327 per person! Book Your European Rail Passes with RailEurope ... More Community Message Boards Photo Gallery In 1348, half the population died as the Black Death ravaged England. By the end of the century, the population of Britain had fallen from four million to two million. England also suffered in the Hundred Years' War, which went on intermittently for more than a century. By 1371, England had lost much of its land on French soil. Henry V, immortalized by Shakespeare, revived England's claims to France, and his victory at Agincourt was notable for making obsolete the forms of medieval chivalry and warfare. After Henry's death in 1422, disputes arose among successors to the crown that resulted in a long period of civil strife, the Wars of the Roses, between the Yorkists, who used a white rose as their symbol, and the Lancastrians with their red rose. The last Yorkist king was Richard III, who got bad press from Shakespeare, but who is defended to this day as a hero by the people of the city of York. Richard was defeated at Bosworth Field, and the victory introduced England to the first Tudor, the shrewd and wily Henry VII. Source: Frommer's England 2004 About Frommer's Contact Us Site Map

6. Frommers.com : Destinations : Europe : Great Britain : England : In Depth of Bosworth Field ends the War of the roses between the 166566 great Plague and greatFire decimate London 1795-1815 The Napoleonic wars lead, finally, to the http://www.frommers.com/destinations/england/0221010012.html

This Country Entire Site Guidebooks Deals M. Boards Destinations Europe Great Britain England In Depth England Cornwall Cotswolds Devon East Anglia East Midland Hampshire an Kent, Surrey Lake Distric London Northwest En Shakespeare Thames Valle Wiltshire an Yorkshire an Overview Health and Safety Planning a Trip Shopping ... Expanded Index Deals From Our Sponsor From $327 per person! Book Your European Rail Passes with RailEurope ... More Community Message Boards Photo Gallery In Depth Dateline 54 B.C. Julius Caesar invades England. A.D. 43 Romans conquer England. Jutes, Angles, and Saxons form small kingdoms in England. Anglo-Saxon kingdoms fight off Viking warriors. William, duke of Normandy, invades England, defeats Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. Henry II, first of the Plantagenets, launches their rule (which lasts until 1399). King John signs the Magna Carta at Runnymede. Hundred Years' War between France and England begins. Battle of Bosworth Field ends the War of the Roses between the Houses of York and Lancaster; Henry VII launches the Tudor dynasty. Henry VIII brings the Reformation to England and dissolves the monasteries.

7. United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland King Alfred the great (849901) was successful in stopping their influence in theroots of the struggle between York and Lancaster ( the wars of the roses). http://www.maturita.cz/referaty/anglictina/united_kingdom_of_great_britain_.htm

Hl.strana Maturitní otázky Referáty Moje referáty ... Uèebnice United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Autor: miruna.babau@post.cz - Díky moc! Referát byl opraven rodilým mluvèím GEOGRAPHY The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland covers an area of about 244 thousand square kilometres. It lies between 50 o North and 60 o North latitude, and the prime meridian of o passes through the old observatory at Greenwich. Besides the largest islands Great Britain (divided into England, Scotland and Wales) and Ireland we should mention the Isle of Wight off the southern coast of England, the Isles of Scilly off the extreme south-west, Anglesey off North Wales, the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea. The island of Great Britain can be divided into the lowland area and the highland area. In the former lie the newer and softer rocks of midland, southern and eastern England, while the highland area comprises Scotland, most of Wales, the broad central upland known as the Pennines, and the Lake District. The highest mountains are Ben Nevis in Scotland (1342m) and Snowdon in North Wales (1085m). The longest rivers are the Severn and the Thames in England, while Scotland's chief river is the Clyde. As for the lakes, the best known are those in the Lake District and those in Scotland (Loch Lomond and Loch Ness). Britain has a temperate and equable climate. During a normal summer the temperature occasionally rises above 27

8. Island Castles but only during the wars of the roses was it regiments which were raised there duringthe Napoleonic wars. are so many fortresses around great britain, most of http://www.wtj.com/articles/castles/

ISLAND CASTLES MEDIEVAL FORTRESSES OF GREAT BRITAIN By Edward Blanchard Corfe Castle Edinburgh Castle York Gate Back down in the heart of England, the city of York is unusual because it still possesses much of its original curtain wall Clifford's Tower Inside York's curtain wall, Clifford's Tower was built on the packed earth mound or motte of an older Norman castle which had been built after 1066. It is a quatrefoil shaped keep , which was apparently built in the 13th century, despite the claims of the official guide of its 14th century construction. It is also where hundreds of Jews were trapped and burned during one of the anti-Semitic outbursts in England. Windsor Castle Entrance Windsor Castle is one of the great fortified palaces left in Europe today. Edward the III's improvements from 1350 to 1377 alone cost over 51,000 pounds, which is the greatest sum of money spent on any one project during the entire Middle Ages. All of the main features of a medieval castle are there, beginning with the typically Norman motte in the center of the complex, predictably begun shortly after William the Conqueror's arrival. Its slope is visible just above the pedestrian gate in the foreground of the castle photo. The castle is of course still home to the royal family and has only just recovered from a catastrophic fire which gutted much of it. The White Tower Stirling Castle Medieval Books sold at WTJ www.wtj.com

9. Yorkshire England Travel And Tourism Guide To The Great English County Of Yorksh monasteries and great stately homes than any other county of britain but, then,Yorkshire folk believe they have more of everything! The wars of the roses. http://www.travelbritain.com/england/yorkshire/

Yorkshire "God's Own Country" Broad, beautiful Yorkshire The land of the White Rose. Once a kingdom in its own right Yorkshire has never lost touch with its heritage or its identity. The county of Yorkshire is known to all true Yorkshire folk as "God's Own Country." It is sometimes also referred to as "the Texas of Britain." Yorkshire is the largest English county in area with about 6,000 square miles. Stretching from the Pennines - the mountain chain known as the " Backbone of England" - in the west to the east coast and the North Sea. Yorkshire is a microcosm of Britain in its huge diversity of scenery. Mountains, wild moorland, limestone scars, rocks of millstone grit, bubbling streams that become foaming rivers, sprawling valleys and dales, rolling wolds - all are contained within its boundaries. Yorkshire has more castles, magnificent ruined abbeys and monasteries and great stately homes than any other county of Britain - but, then, Yorkshire folk believe they have more of everything! The Wars of the Roses The City of York City of York Explore the Great City of York Explore the City of Leeds Click for Attractions ... Sheffield on the Internet Guide to Sheffield and district for tourists, visitors, business and expats.

10. GENUKI: Dukes Of Great Britain (L-Z) in 1454. But reconciliation of the two houses was impossible, andin the following year the wars of the roses began. After five http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/royalty/dukel-z.html

GENUKI Homepage GenUKI Contents ... Index Dukes of Great Britain John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, was the fourth son of Edward III . and his queen Philippa, and was born at Ghent about 1340. He married Blanche, daughter of Henry , Duke of Lancaster, and was created Earl of Derby and Duke of Lancaster. He took part with his brother, the Black Prince , in his Spanish expedition; married soon after Constance of Castile, and assumed the title of King of Castile; invaded France in 1373, and marched unopposed from Calais to Bordeaux; and succeeded his brother as Governor of Gascony. In 1380 he invaded Scotland, and during his absence his palace at London was attacked and burnt by the insurgents under Wat the Tyler . He afterwards made an attack on Castile in alliance with the King of Portugal; but closed the war by marrying his daughter to the son of the King of Castile; and returned to England in 1389. In the following year Richard II. gave him the Duchy of Aquitaine. By his first wife John of Gaunt was father of Henry IV.

11. GENUKI: Earls Of Great Britain (N-Z) His personal character and great abilities, his enormous wealth and lavish expenditure ofhis life would be also that of the wars of the roses, in which he http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/royalty/earln-z.html

GENUKI Homepage GenUKI Contents ... Index Earls of Great Britain Anthony Woodville, (or Wydeville), Earl Rivers, an accomplished nobleman of the 16th century, was born in 1442. In consequence of his sister having married Edward IV. , he shared in all the vicissitudes which befell the king, and became governor of Calais and captain-general of the king's forces. He was also made governor of Prince Edward, and chief butler of England. On the death of the king the Earl assembled a body of troops, with the intention of crowning his nephew; but his design was defeated by the machinations of the Duke of Gloucester, afterwards Richard III. , who caused the gallant nobleman to be beheaded, without trial, in the castle of Pontefract, June, 1483. Return to Index Sir Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford, the great minister of Charles I. , and Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, was of an ancient and wealthy Yorkshire family, and was born at London, in 1593. He studied at Cambridge, married in 1611, was knighted, and travelled on the continent. He was returned to parliament as member for Yorkshire in 1614, and the next year was named custus rotulorum for the West Riding. He sat in several parliaments for Yorkshire, and without going to extremes, took part with the opponents of the court. He was once made sheriff of Yorkshire that he might not be returned to parliament, and was afterwards imprisoned for refusing a forced loan. In 1628 his course was changed; he went over to the side of the king, and was created Baron Wentworth, then Viscount, lord President of the Council of the North, and in 1629 Privy-Councillor. As President of the North he exercised arbitrary power, and violated the Petition of Right; and his love of power still unsatisfied, he was made, by his own desire, Lord-Deputy of Ireland in July, 1633.

12. Sandal - Encyclopedia Article About Sandal. Free Access, No Registration Needed. from England and other parts of the world, incorrectly refer to great britain (boththe 30, 1460, and was one of the major actions of the wars of the roses. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Sandal

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Sandal Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Sandal is a village in the county Originally, the county was the land under the jurisdiction of a count (in Great Britain, an earl, though the original earldoms covered larger areas) by reason of that office. The term has since tended to represent a geographical unit of administration intermediate between the larger state or province, and the smaller township, municipality or district. However it can also be used to mean a geographic area, and this can generate much confusion, especially when boundaries used by government or postal deliveries change or do not coincide. Click the link for more information. of West Yorkshire West Yorkshire Geography Region: Yorkshire and the Humber Borders on: Lancashire, North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Greater Manchester, Demographics Population: (2002 est.) Ethnicity: 88.6% White 8.7% S. Asian 1.0% Afro-Carib. Politics Click the link for more information. England England (In Detail) Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (God and my right) Official language None, English is

13. Wars Of The Roses - Encyclopedia Article About Wars Of The Roses. Free Access, N and other parts of the world, incorrectly refer to great britain (both the one ofthe opposing factions involved in the wars of the roses, an intermittent http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Wars of the Roses

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Wars of the Roses Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The Wars of the Roses Centuries: 14th century - 15th century - 16th century Decades: 1400s 1410s 1420s 1430s 1440s - Years: 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 - Events February 23 - Johannes Gutenberg prints the first Bible on a printing press May 22 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of St Albans - Richard, Duke of York and his ally, Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick defeat the Lancastrians under Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, who is killed. York captures King Henry VI of England and has himself appointed Constable of England. Click the link for more information. to Centuries: 14th century - 15th century - 16th century Decades: 1430s 1440s 1450s 1460s 1470s - Years: 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 - Events Richard Fox becomes Bishop of Exeter. May 24 - Lambert Simnel is crowned King "Henry VI of England" in Christchurch Cathedral, Dublin, Ireland. He claims to be Edward, Earl of Warwick and rivals Henry VII for the throne of England. Click the link for more information.

14. United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland --  Britannica Concise Enc In the late 9th century Alfred the great repelled a Danish invasion of Tudor becamethe ruling family of England following the wars of the roses (1455–85). http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article?eu=406849

15. Encyclopedia: List Of British Monarchs York had fought the wars of the roses, and the of Bruce When John Balliol rebelled,the wars of Scottish Monarchs of great britain In 1707, the Act of Union http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/List-of-British-monarchs

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #63 The Mall in Washington, D.C. is 1.4 times larger than Vatican City Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Related Articles People who viewed "List of British monarchs" also viewed: List of monarchs of England Kingdom of Great Britain England British Monarchs ... Edward VII of the United Kingdom Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: May 26, 2004 Encyclopedia : List of British monarchs Sponsored links: This is a list of British monarchs, that is, the monarchs on the thrones of some of the various kingdoms that have existed on, or incorporated, the island of Great Britain, namely:

16. Detailed Record Document Type Book • Subject Biography, 15th century., great britain, Biography.,History, wars of the roses, 14551485, great britain, Biography., History http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/438fb7a0da95210aa19afeb4da09e526.html

About WorldCat Help For Librarians The Wars of the Roses : through the lives of five men and women of the fifteenth century Desmond Seward Find libraries with the item Enter a postal code, state, province or country WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.

17. Travel Facts: Britain: Historical And Political Sketch, The United Kingdom One of the darkest the wars of the roses in medieval great noblemen had as much wealthand power as the king, and didn t hesitate to use them against him. http://www.passports.com/trips/cityfact/cityfact.asp?city=Britain: Historical an

18. Country Profile: Britain some other affectionate Britishisms Big Ben ; great Paul and great Tom at St II,murdered in prison, first casualty of the wars of the roses Henry Four http://www.passports.com/trips/cityfact/cityfact.asp?city=Country Profile: Brita

19. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Great Britain (British And Irish Political Geography) - great britain and Ireland • George VI, king of great britain and Ireland reparations• Restoration, in English history • Richard I • roses, wars of the http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/G/GreatBri.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 12, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia British And Irish Political Geography ... Great Britain By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z G Great Britain, British And Irish Political Geography Related Category: British And Irish Political Geography Great Britain, officially United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, constitutional monarchy (1996 est. pop. 57,412,000), 94,226 sq mi (244,044 sq km), on the British Isles, off W Europe. The country is often referred to simply as Britain. Technically, Great Britain comprises England (1991 pop. 46,382,050), 50,334 sq mi (130,365 sq km); Wales (1991 pop. 2,798,200), 8,016 sq mi (20,761 sq km); and Scotland (1991 pop. 4,957,000), 30,414 sq mi (78,772 sq km) on the island of Great Britain, while the United Kingdom includes Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland (1991 pop. 1,577,836), 5,462 sq mi (14,146 sq km) on the island of Ireland. The Isle of Man (1991 pop. 69,788), 227 sq mi (588 sq km), in the Irish Sea and the Channel Islands (1991 pop. 145,821), 75 sq mi (195 sq km), in the English Channel, are dependencies of the crown, with their own systems of government. For physical geography and local administrative divisions, see England Wales Scotland , and Ireland, Northern

20. A History Of Britain, Volume II: The Wars Of The British 1603-1776 By Simon Scha had been given fresh authority by William Camden s great compilation of of historicinterest, like the battlefields of the wars of the roses, were indicated http://www.2think.org/history_of_britain.shtml

Simon Schama A History of Britain, Volume II: The Wars of the British 1603-1776 from the publisher: The second volume of Simon Schama's A History of Britain brings the histories of Britain's civil wars full of blighted idealism, shocking carnage, and unexpected outcomes startlingly to life. These conflicts were fought unsparingly between the nations of the islands Ireland, England, and Scotland and between parliament and the crown. Shattering the illusion of a "united kingdom," they cost hundreds of thousands of lives: a greater proportion of the population than died in the First World War. When religious passion gave way to the equally consuming passion for profits, it became possible for the pieces of Britain to come together as the spectacularly successful business enterprise of "Britannia Incorporated." And in a few generations that business state expanded in a dizzying process that transformed what had been an obscure, off-shore footnote to Europe's great powers into the main event the most powerful empire in the world. Yet somehow, it was the "wrong empire." The British considered it a bastion of liberty, yet it was based on military force and the enslavement of hundreds of thousands of Africans. In America, the emptiness of British claims to protect "freedom" was thrown back into the teeth of colonial governors and redcoat soldiers, while the likes of Sam Adams and George Washington inherited the mantle of Cromwell.

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