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         Vikings Medieval History:     more books (100)
  1. The Penguin Historical Atlas of the Vikings (Hist Atlas) by John Haywood, 1995-09-01
  2. Chronicles of the Vikings: Records, Memorials, and Myths by R.I. Page, 1995-08-09
  3. Viking Longship (Fly on the Wall) by Mick Manning, Brita Granstrom, 2006-12-28
  4. History News: The Viking News (History News) by Rachel Wright, 2001-06-01
  5. The Blood Axe : Story of Viking Kings Knut & Olav by Eileene Harrison, Beer, 2001-01-03
  6. Vikings (History Dudes) by Laura Buller, 2007-06-18
  7. Viking Invader (Newspaper Histories Series) by Paul Dowswell, 1998-01
  8. Eyewitness: Viking by Susan Margeson, 2000-06-01
  9. Who Were the Vikings Internet-Linked (Starting Point History) by Jane Chisholm, Phil Roxbee, et all 2002-06
  10. Vile Vikings (Smelly Old History) by Mary Dobson, 1998-08-06
  11. The Runic Inscriptions of Viking Age Dublin (Medieval Dublin Excavations, 1962-81. Ser. B, Vol. 5.) by Michael P. Barnes, Jan Ragnar Hagland, et all 1997-01
  12. Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age: The Vocabulary of Runic Inscriptions and Skaldic Verse by Judith Jesch, 2008-02-23
  13. Land, Sea and Home: Settlement in the Viking Period (Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph)
  14. Viking Empires by Angelo Forte, Richard Oram, et all 2005-05-30

21. Medieval Britain
Web Page Original Valkyrie s The Viking Home Page Topics vikings In The New World vikings and Scandinavian history - medieval history Net Links Pastimes of
http://www.teacheroz.com/Medieval_England.htm
England in the Middle Ages
Updated July 18, 2003
If you need info not specifically related to England, check out Main Middle Ages page for tons of links! MIDDLE AGES
General Middle Ages sites

Old English Pages

Middle English Glossarial Database

Ye Olde English Sayings

Medieval Britain Index
...
Wichamstow Village
- visit a medieval village.
A Short Treatise on Anglo-Norman Personal Names

Medieval England

New Order of The Garter
Medieval English urban history ... Medieval Clip Art For more info on Medieval England, visit my Middle Ages page. TIMELINES TIMELINE: Early British Kingdoms 410 AD-598 AD Timeline of Medieval Britain TIMELINE: Anglo Saxon England 597 AD-687 AD 688 AD-801 AD ... 978 AD-1066 AD KING ARTHUR King Arthur: History and Legend Arthur Rex: The once and future king Britannia: King Arthur The Legend of the Holy Grail ... Bulfinch's Mythology, 'The Age of Chivalry or Legends of King Arthur' ROBIN HOOD THE ROBIN HOOD PROJECT at the UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER The Search for A Real Robin Hood Legends - The Robin Hood Pages Sir Clisto's Tome - Heros of Legend - King Arthur/Merlin/Robin Hood ... Erik The Red THE BATTLE OF HASTINGS, 1066CE The Battle of Hastings - Home Page Invasion of England, 1066

22. Medieval Life
Middle Ages medieval Renaissance Games Home Page medieval Archaeology Ibn Dominion Domination Female Heroes Melisende s Women of history Women and vikings
http://www.mtnbrook.k12.al.us/CB/middleages/ma.htm
6th Grade Research
Cherokee Bend School
Birmingham, Alabama This site was designed to help you gather information for your research project on the Middle Ages. Your research is divided into two parts: General Research and Specific Research. General Research : Your task is to research ten different topics concerning the Middle Ages with each source written by a different author. You will then complete a bibliography sheet for each of these ten topics. This research will enable you to get a broad overview of medieval life. Specific Research : Narrow your research down to the topic of your choice. Now your task is to complete six bibliographic sheets on this one topic by six different authors. You will collect as much information as you can on your chosen topic The information you have gathered will be used to complete a project in which you will demonstrate ten things you have learned about the Middle Ages.
Decision Making
Planning Fact Sheet Graphic organizer ... Web Page Template for Students General Sites World Book Encyclopedia
Alabama Virtual Library

Journey Through the Middle Ages

Life in the Middle Ages
...
Middle Ages: Encyclopedia.com

23. Ancient And Medieval History
3.56D. Titles for this time period include The Greeks; The Egyptians; The Romans; The vikings. This is a must-read for those studying medieval history. Cat.
http://www.barbsbooks.com/antHIST.htm
BOOKS FOR CHILDREN, EDUCATION, AND HOMESCHOOLING
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We accept PayPal and school purchase orders ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL HISTORY BOOKS Books to enhance and enrich the teaching of ancient and medieval history to elementary and secondary students. Includes Dover historical paper dolls and models and coloring books and Usborne history books. Books Enrichment Resources Books Kingfisher Book of the Ancient World from the Ice Age to the Fall of Rome by Hazel Mary Martell. Kingfisher, New York, Hardcover with dust jacket. This lavishly illustrated reference book makes history come alive for anyone who can read at a third grade level or higher. Chapter headings are Prehistory Ancient Rome The Fertile Crescent The Middle East Ancient Egypt Ancient Europe The Far East Africa The Indus Valley and India The Americas

24. LookSmart - Directory - Medieval History
About. About medieval history Consider topics including chivalry and all things knightly, the Renaissance, daily life in the Middle Ages, and the vikings.
http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317836/us317911/us53828/us79548/
@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); Home
IN the directory this category
YOU ARE HERE Home Library Humanities History
Medieval History - Discover the European Medieval period by examining documents, primary sources and accounts of daily life.
Directory Categories
Directory Listings About
  • About - Medieval History
    Consider topics including chivalry and all things knightly, the Renaissance, daily life in the Middle Ages, and the Vikings.
    Guide to European Medieval Castles Design, The

    Check out this introductory guide to European medieval castles design and architecture; an overview of the basics of medieval castles design and how it varied by region.
    Internet Medieval Sourcebook

    Includes primary-source transcriptions from Europe, the Islamic Empire and Byzantine Empire and from the classical world to the late Middle Ages.
    Labyrinth - Medieval Studies

    Georgetown University's comprehensive resource includes a library of texts, bibliographies, images, and an archival database. Medieval Routes Romanian collection offers resources related to castles, medieval art and culture, and relevant organizations.
  • 25. USM's Medieval History Resources
    ( medieval Traveler ) history doth repeat itself Scholarship in AlAndalus - Islamic history in Arabia Viking Rune Stone. vikings. William the Conquerer - Laws of.
    http://www.student-manual.com/study/subjects/histories/medieval.htm
    Free Photo Gallery Free Classifieds Contact Us Medieval has a story to tell... read on. home entertainment study methods study tools ... pass us a note Cheap TextBooks Amazon.com Barnes and Nobles Textbooksatcost Textbook Source ... Literary Guild Medieval History Medieval History Medieval Directories Featured Sites HISTORY Ancient Medieval Modern Renaissance SUBJECTS Accounting Anthropology Archeology Architecture ... taxes Contact the Webmaster Send us some email Privacy Statement Entertainment music ... taxes Designed by Usm Designers Send us some email

    26. Medieval History Page
    medieval history Lots of information about a wide Vinci, Machiavelli, medieval Italy, medieval Japan, Renaissance Studies, vikings, William Ockham
    http://www.loeser.us/medhist.html
    RETURN TO THE HOME PAGE

    Medieval World History Links
    General Early Christian Middle Ages Renaissance ... Exploration
    GENERAL INFORMATION
  • The Encyclopedia of World History - Renowned historian Peter N. Stearns and thirty prominent historians have combined their expertise over the past ten years to perfect this comprehensive chronology of more than 20,000 entries that span the millennia from prehistoric times to the year 2000. Includes Search Feature.
  • Historia's Castle - Provides on-line scoring quizzes on World History topics. They are in multiple choice and true/false format, scores and provides review of answers.
  • Discoverers Web - A no nonsense collection of links to sites found on the web about voyages of discovery and exploration. Covers all time periods.
  • Medieval History
  • Ethnographica - This site has lots of information on ethic art, with an emphasis on African Art forms and carpet design.
  • Hyper History Online - presents 3'000 years of World History with a combination of colorful graphics, lifelines, timelines, and maps. Over a 1,200 files are interconnected throughout the website.
  • The Historical Text Archive - is a fantastic collection of historical documents and papers about history collected by the Mississippi State University. Includes: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, Mexico, North America, etc.
  • 27. Awesome Library - Social_Studies
    Multnomah County Library) Includes vikings, Stone Age Art history Ancient (Witcombe); Art and Architecture from Ancient Times; Europe - medieval Drama (Higgins)
    http://www.awesomelibrary.org/Classroom/Social_Studies/History/Ancient_and_Medie

    Awesome
    Talking Library Examples ... Spelling Here: Home Classroom Social Studies History > Ancient and Medieval
    Ancient and Medieval
    Also Try
  • Ancient Aztecs
  • Ancient Celtics
  • Ancient Chinese
  • Ancient Civilizations ...
  • History Lesson Plans
    Books
  • History of Money from Ancient Times to Present Day (Davies)
    Lesson Plans
  • -History - Ancient Civilizations (Donn)
      Provides units organized by ancient civilization. Includes over a dozen units within each ancient civilization, including China, India, Greece, Egypt, Rome, Mesopotamia, Africa, Aztecs, Incas and Mayans. Covers daily activities in ancient times to bring each civilization to life.

  • Ancient History Lessons are available in the Awesome Library under: Lessons - Social Studies - History
  • Comparative Civilizations (British Columbia Ministry of Education)
      Compares the culture, art, and values of larger civilizations of the past. The materials are called an Integrated Resource Package. Grade 12. 2-01

  • History - Women in History (Women in World History Curriculum - Reese)
      Provides lesson ideas regarding women.
    Lists
  • -Ancient History (Mautz)
      Provides links to people, places, and events. Ties resources into links in the arts related to the same time periods and places. 2-01
  • 28. SkyeNet S Scottish, Celtic Medieval History Online, Wallace
    new section devoted to medieval European history Famous battles, warfare, tactics, weapons, armour, and Dark Age cultures of interest, such as the vikings.
    http://members.aol.com/skyelander/main.html

    29. The Reading Room
    The Significance of Celtic Coinage The vikings Minting Coins in Jorvik The vikings and money vikings in Norway make medieval history course, medieval Web Sites
    http://www.medievalcoins.50g.com/links.htm
    Home of the Medieval Coins Group Home Sign Up Dealer Members List Archive ... Chat Room Anglo-Gallic
    Focus Group
    File Area
    Classified Ads Medieval Coins in the Barrage collection
    Growing site of medieval coins Dan's Medieval Coins I
    Viking era, Anglo-Saxon, Norman, Islamic, Italy, Hungary, Latvia.
    Dan's Medieval Coins II

    England, Ireland, Scotland Medieval Crusades
    A coinage Gallery is included
    Jim's Medieval Coins

    French and Crusader coins
    Jeff's Coin Collection
    Some Cilicia Armenia Coins from a hoard found in the Red Sea. Coins of Castile and Leon Coins of Aragon Click to subscribe to monedasantiguas German Coins Medieval coin site with a strong German and Austrian presence Coins of Medieval Sicily Medieval Coins of Sicily The Vikings and Money in England Complete English Royal Coins ... The Barbaric Ages (5th - 8th century) Charlemagne The beginning of royal coinage (10th -12th century) Feudal coins (10th-14th century) Anglo-French coins (11th-15th century) French Royal Coins Anglo Galic Coins Fuedal French Coins Jim's Medieval Coins French and Crusader coins French Medieval Coins Danish Coins Medieval Swedish Coins Money and Coinage
    • From The Laws of the Visigoths: On Coinage , c. 681

    30. BrockU - Department Of History - Medieval Resources
    Living history HACA Historical Armed Combat Association; not-for-profit medieval social organization Creative Anachronism sca.org. vikings Glima - wrestling
    http://www.brocku.ca/history/medieval.html
    Medieval Web Resources
    Please help us keep these resources updated. Report an outdated link (email to hklose@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA Indices Alcoholic Drinks

    31. MEDIEVAL HISTORY
    Viking Culture and Norse Civilisation The World of vikings Project. Amiens Cathedral medieval history and architecture created by a special project at Columbia
    http://www.xenophongi.org/milhist/medieval/medieval.htm
    MEDIEVAL HISTORY
    Web site addresses for Europe and the Near East from ca 400 AD to 1500 AD. AOL members may want to check in the Learning and Culture channel, then click on History and then access ORB from there. Or they can use this as a handy reference page to reach ORB and other sites. These are some of the more useful locations for information on medieval history. Although we have some of the most important sites, ORB, Labrynth, Byzantine Studies, Medieval Source Book, and Castles on the Web, we obviously need many more. Last changed on 5 December 1997. Please send comments and corrections to Xenophon
    General
    ORB Created by Caroline Schriber at Rhodes College, this has to be one of the first places to look for information on medieval history. It is not only an outstanding central location with many links, but also the main page for an organization seeking to expand medieval studies and research sources.
    Horus Links
    At UC Riverside, this is a listing of web sites related to medieval history.
    Discussion For a listing of academic discussion groups.

    32. Great General Websites For Ancient History In Sixth Grade
    The Amazing vikings. to the Ultimate Gateway for medieval Times Welcome to Bryde s medieval and Fantasy RPG Resources Bytes of history Castle Mything
    http://www.globalwebvisions.com/Ancient Civilizations/ancientwebsites.htm

    Medieval History
    in Sixth Grade
    General Resources
    Social Studies School Service
    The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
    The Ancient World Web
    Harcourt Website
    The Ten Greatest Archaeological Discoveries of the Twentieth Century The Amazing Vikings Archaeology Magazine Anthropology in the News Archaeology in the News University of Pennsylvania Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology
    Egyptian Resources
    Ancient Egypt
    A World Lost in Time
    An Egyptian Scavenger Hunt Tutankhamen
    Ancient Greece Ancient Greek World Ancient Greece The Ancient Olympic Games Virtual Museum Odysseus Greek Civilization for Middle Schoolers Ancient Rome Link to Ancient Rome The Romans Encyclopedia Mythica Academic Info: Ancient History (Rome) The Middle Ages Wellcome to the Ultimate Gateway for Medieval Times Bytes of History Castle Welcome to Today in Medieval Times Build a Medieval Castle Ancient China Ancient India
    General Resources Covering Various Areas of Social Studies
    Social Studies School Service - A part of the www.socialstudies.com website. This is an EXCELLENT resource page for all areas of Social Studies, but specifically for Ancient History. This website specifically relates to topics concerned with Ancient history. There are links to other websites, suggested videos, links to information within World Book, lesson plans related to different areas of ancient history, etc...
    The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World - a great website with information, additional weblinks, images, histories of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, as well as other wonders.

    33. Authenticity-Oriented Medieval And Renaissance Reenactment/Living History Groups
    AuthenticityOriented medieval and Renaissance Reenactment/Living history Groups. Viking Re-enactment Society (Gotland vikings from Fröjel harbor);
    http://moas.atlantia.sca.org/topics/groups.htm
    Authenticity-Oriented Medieval and Renaissance Reenactment/Living History Groups
    Early Periods
  • Britannia (England between the 5th and 6th centuries AD)
  • Gwerin Y Gwyr
  • Mogh Roith (Ireland)
  • The Swords of Pendragon (Arthurian/Roman Britain)
  • Tuatha de Bhriain (5th century Ireland)
  • Y Cantref Breiniol Anglo-Saxon
  • Angelcynn
  • Ða Engliscan Gesiðas
  • Dark Ages Society (Viking invasion of England and Anglo-Saxon resistance)
  • Geforðian Strand (Regia Anglorum North America)
  • The Ravens Warband
  • Regia Anglorum (Cross-section of life in England, 950-1066)
  • Þeod Viking
  • Asferg Cie Viking (10th-11th centuries)
  • Birkana
  • Brimir Experimental Archaeology Group
  • Dark Ages Society (Viking invasion of England and Anglo-Saxon resistance)
  • Fotevikens Museum
  • Fröjel Gotlandica Viking Re-enactment Society (Gotland Vikings from Fröjel harbor)
  • Hurstwic
  • Jorvik Viking Centre
  • L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site
  • Longship Company, Ltd. ...
  • New Varangian Guard (Interaction between Byzantium and the Kievan Rus in 969-1015)
  • The Norse Encampment
  • Óskabyrr
  • Ousekjarr (10th century)
  • Ribe VikingeCenter (marketplace in 720, manor farm in 980)
  • 34. Ancient & Medieval History
    Gwyn Jones A history OF THE vikings Traces the 1294 and 1324 which gives a very detailed picture of the lives of the inhabitants of a medieval French village
    http://www.bookworks.co.uk/quest/en-gb/dept_60.html
    Home History Modern History
    20th Century History
    ...
    Military History

    A HISTORY OF EUROPE
    John Bowle
    A comprehensive study of the many and various strands that were woven into the pattern of European civilisation. The whole spectrum of unfolding spectrum of European history is displayed, from prehistoric times to 1939, when in the author's view, the direct predominance of Europe in world history vanished.
    Condition: BCA edition with slightly faded top page edges and author's signature
    THE BRONZE AGE IN BARBARIAN EUROPE
    Jacques Briard
    THE BRONZE AGE IN BARBARIAN EUROPE
    From the Megaliths to the Celts This study shows the way of life of those Europeans living in the Metal Ages, describing their social and religious customs and setting out to undrstand through the material objects they have left us, the way their minds worked and their beliefs evolved. Condition: BCA edition with slightly faded top pages edges, good d/w and owner's signature. THE ORIGINS OF PRUSSIA F L Carsten THE ORIGINS OF PRUSSIA The book traces the growth and decline of the main institutions and social classes in those principalities which formed the basis of the Prussian state of the 18th century, beginning with the German colonisation of the East in the 13th century and concluding with the foundation of the Hohenzollern despotism. 309 pages paperback (Oxford University Press, 1968)

    35. Medieval Sourcebook: Selected Sources: Index
    Using Primary Sources; medieval Documents; Accessing medieval Documents; The Uses of history. Serbia/Montenegro; vikings; Inner Asia. The Byzantine Commonwealth
    http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook1.html
    ORB Main Page Links to Other Medieval Sites Medieval Studies Course [Halsall]
    Halsall Home
    ... Byzantine Studies Page
    Other History Sourcebooks: African East Asian Indian Islamic ...
    Main Page
    Select Sources Full Texts Saints' Lives Law Texts Maps ... Exploration There are now thousands of sources in the Internet Medieval Sourcebook , and the previous large Selected Sources Index page was crashing many browsers. As of October 10 1998, the Selected Sources section has been completely redesigned to allow for easy and rapid navigation, as well as for further expansion in the number of texts. The Selected Sources section now works as follows:
    • This Selected Sources Index page has been much extended to show all sections and sub sections. These have also been regularized in a consistent hierarchy. This should allow rapid review of where texts are. To access the sub-section pages , simply select the highlighted (white text with green background) section title on the left. In addition there are now two navigation bars on the left of each screen in the Selected Sources section.

    36. Current Issue - Learning Through History News
    the Norseman, learn Viking facts, read a medieval Norse saga it has nothing to do with the vikings, but the on PBS is your best bet for history television this
    http://www.homeschoolingcompanion.com/current_issue_news.php
    Learning Through History News May In This Issue: The Vikings (Medieval Period) Odin's Family: Myths of the Vikings (Recommended Resource) Colonial House (VCR Alert)
    Featured Links: Current Issue of Magazine Coming Up in Learning Through History Subscribe to Magazine The Vikings (Medieval Period)
    The Vikings - the name alone conjures up frightening images of war-like Norseman in elaborate longboats striking terror into the hearts of townsman and villagers who lived along the sea coasts and riverbanks throughout Europe. The Viking raids are believed to have begun in the 800's as a response to overpopulation and scarcity of lands in the North (present-day Norway, Sweden and Denmark) and continued, along with the establishment of Viking trade and trade routes, as a quest to gain material wealth.
    By 1050 AD, the Viking raids had come to an end. A number of factors contributed to the end of the Viking-era raids - chief amongst them was the conversion of the Nordic rulers and their peoples to Christianity, along with the established settlement of the Norseman in lands throughout Western Europe.

    37. Medieval
    Military history medieval Information Resource Centre, Canadian Forces Also links to the military history of specific sites dealing with the vikings and the
    http://www.dcc.vccs.edu/lrc/historyweb/medieval .htm
    The Whittington W. Clement Library
    at
    Danville Community College
    Danville, Virginia
    Medieval History
    Earthlore's Gothic Dreams: Gothic Cathedrals.
    A beautiful site ! A visually stunning site which provides a profile of the Cathedral of Chartres and also provides an overview of Notre Dame de Paris. England's Canterbury Cathedral is also featured. Contains a section entitled "Deep Dig," which is a glossary of terms related to the task of building a Gothic cathedral and also contains information on rose windows and gargoyles. Offers links to additional Medieval/Gothic sites. The Ecole Initiative - University of Evansville. This site is "a hypertext encyclopedia of early church history on the world wide web." Includes documents which are "translations of Judeo-Christian and Islamic primary sources to 1500," a glossary of short essays, articles on major topics and figures, and images of "Judeo-Christian iconography and religious art." Also provides a timeline of early church history with a geographical cross-index. The European Middle Ages - Richard Hooker, Washington State University.

    38. Oxbow Books/David Brown Book Company
    provide an interesting discussion of Early medieval society and takes in the fields of history, archaeology The vikings and America by Erik Wahlgren Originally
    http://www.oxbowbooks.com/medieval_history_sale.cfm
    We are redirecting you to the page you selected...
    Before proceeding, please select either US$ pricing and orders through the David Brown Book Company in Connecticut, USA.

    39. The Vikings - Syllabus
    Page Fealcen Stow s Ásatru Frithstead (A heathen site in the UK, with some interesting essays.) medieval Europe vikings and Scandinavian history (List of
    http://depts.washington.edu/scand/vikings.html
    Department of Scandinavian Studies
    The University of Washington
    History of the Vikings
    (SCAND 370 / HSTAM 370)
    Winter Quarter, 2005
    Time: TBD
    Room: TBD
    (5 credits) Professor: Dr. Terje Leiren
    Office: 318C Raitt Hall
    Telephone: (206) 543-7233 / 543-0645
    E-mail: leiren@u.washington.edu
    Office hours: TBD
    and by appointment. Teaching Assistant: Anna Anderson
    E-mail: TBD Office: TBD Office hours: TBD
    Course Content:
    The first half of the course will focus on the Vikings at home in Scandinavia. This includes an examination of the origins of Viking society and culture in the pre-historic period, including settlement patterns, the establishment of the family farm, and the development of the Viking ship. We will also examine the political, social, and cultural expressions of Viking society, such as commercial expansion, military conflict, and religious expression. The structure and significance of the pre-Christian pagan religion of the Scandinavian North will also be examined in depth. The second half of the course (following the mid-term exam) will focus on Viking expansion and the international contacts established through exploration, trading and raiding. We will examine the Viking presence in Russia and Byzantium, France, Germany, Britain, and follow the western expansion that took the Scandinavian Vikings to the North Sea islands, Iceland, Greenland and, eventually, North America.

    40. Ulster History - Vikings
    was probably Brian s great grandson who commissioned a history called the See also Royal Danish Embassy The Danish vikings. medieval Scandinavia The vikings.
    http://www.cruithni.org.uk/overview/over_5.html
    Vikings
    Previous
    Next
    Oseburg Viking ship at the Viking Ship Museum, Oslo, Norway - 33k One of the first Viking raids on the British Isles took place in 793, when Lindisfarne was sacked. In 795, attacks were also made on Iona and on island monasteries in Ireland. However, Vikings were not simply pirates. Over the next century, they were to control most of the North Sea and Irish Sea, establishing colonies in Shetland and the Orkneys, in the western Isles of Scotland, Jorvik (York), and in Dublin. Danish armies put severe pressure on Anglo-Saxon kings such as Alfred the Great. In fact, Anglo-Saxon England was partitioned in 886, with the Danelaw in the east and north, and the Anglo-Saxons controlling the remainder. The Annals of Ulster record the effect of Viking raids on Bangor, Armagh and the churches on Lough Erne. In 839, the Vikings reached Lough Neagh, and used this as a base to plunder churches in the north of Ireland. Armagh was attacked again in 852, this time by the Dublin Norse. A number of battles were fought between the Danes, the Norse and the Ulster kings. In 866, the Uí Néill king, Áed Finnliath, defeated the Vikings, and it was not until 921 that the Northmen returned to plunder Armagh and the Foyle. In the south of Ireland, the Vikings founded the first towns, such as Dublin, Waterford, Cork and Limerick. These towns became important trading centres, and the Ostmen (as they called themselves) began to play a part in the complex alliances and conflicts between the various Irish kingdoms. No towns were established in the north, probably because the northern kings were powerful enough to resist the Vikings. However, there seems to have been a settlement at Ulfrek's fjord (Larne) and perhaps in some other areas with Viking names, such as Strangford. The word Ulster itself is derived from the Viking Uladztír, based on the Irish words Ulaidh and Tír.

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